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The article is devoted to topical issues of legal regulation of relations regarding the acquisition and use of land plots for individual and collective garage construction. The article analyzes from a historical perspective the practice of garage construction that developed in Soviet times. It was focused on the development and expansion of the provision of land plots for collective garage construction. Instead, in the context of free use of land plots and the absence of a separate type of designated purpose of land plots for individual garage construction in the legislation in force at that time, the practice of unauthorized construction of individual garages by individual citizens-owners of vehicles on illegally occupied land plots was formed. Such development actually violated the requirements of both land and urban planning legislation. With the legislative consolidation of the principle of payment in the field of land use and the vesting of executive bodies of local self-government with the authority to exercise state control over the use and protection of land, conditions have been created to eliminate chaotic individual development of illegally occupied land plots for garage construction. Such development should be legalized at the initiative of local governments. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of legislative provisions relating to the possibility of free transfer of land plots to garage construction cooperatives. The author provides arguments in favor of refusing to allow such free privatization of land plots by legal entities in the legislative order, which actually affects the balance between the public interests of the community and the private interests of motor vehicle owners. The article also focuses on the problem of reconciling the interests of citizens who need a place to store their cars with the public interests of the State and territorial communities aimed at the rational use of land resources. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the legal framework governing the transfer of land plots to garage construction cooperatives, and the need to improve the legislation is considered [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growth, prevalence and influence of private urban governance, scholarship that explores the intimate workings of these manifold and mutating forms remains limited. While these private ventures carry forward elements from the past, the landscape of urban governance has nonetheless undergone profound transformation. Over the past few decades, the global expansion and influence of private governing ventures have reshaped how cities are managed, organised and experienced. This special issue on the New Private Urban Governance examines the constantly evolving modalities of private governance (i.e. business improvement districts/areas, condominium/strata corporations, gated communities, POPS and others) in a global context. Organised around new, interrelated themes of vestiges, ventures and visibility, this issue comprises case studies, syntheses of longstanding empirical projects and novel theoretical/conceptual interventions into political and spatial practices, knowledges and technologies of these privately governed realms. Focused on the spatialisation of politics, vestiges reflects the idea that while neoliberal forms of private urban governance continue to proliferate, they rely and build upon, rather than fully replace, earlier, more public governance practices, logics and spaces. Ventures emphasises that the private and market-oriented thrust of urban governance is heavily predicated on the protection and extraction of value and the intensifying financialisation of urban landscapes and life. Visibility highlights how governing technologies render private urban governance visible and in doing so highlight the politics of space. These three themes together expose the workings of the new private urban governance while invigorating further explorations of this complex phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How urban entrepreneurialism is enacted at the neighbourhood level while connecting with broader urban processes remains insufficiently explored. This study introduces a novel conceptual framework of multiscalar and multidirectional urban entrepreneurialism to examine the governance of gated communities that involves dynamic interactions between the entrepreneurial local state, developers, gated communities and individual homeowners/investor-citizens. In Chinese cities, the pursuit of quality living and good schools has given rise to 'education-featured gated communities' that package privileged access to K–12 schools with tailor-made residential services. By turning education from a public good into a club good that can be capitalised in the housing price and leveraged in urban (re)development, education-featured gated communities are highly sought after by homebuyers, developers, and local states, becoming an important and integral component of urban entrepreneurialism. When the rising demands of gated community homeowners for school places are not met, activism for quality education within gated communities becomes ubiquitous. Drawing on multiple case studies and multi-source empirical data including national and local policies/documents, in-depth interviews, non-participant observation and site visits, this research examines how homeowners negotiate their exclusive right to public schools through intensive interactions with local authorities. We argue that the semi-private governance of gated communities forms the institutional basis for the 'shareholding enterprise' centring on property values. By unpacking the multidirectional processes of entrepreneurial governance that built upon an effective feedback loop involving multiscalar entrepreneurial endeavours based on shareholder value, this study offers a nuanced and enriched understanding of contemporary urban entrepreneurialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gated communities house 40% of Bogotá’s population today. Streets formed when two gated communities face each other, dominated by fences and walls are a common sight. Situating our research on informal social control and critical security theories, we analyse how gated communities shape non-exclusionary access and security in the streets and public spaces outside the gates. Applying systematic observations and interviews in streets outside gated communities in Bogotá, we collect data from all public space users. We show that in these spaces, the passer-by is perceived as a threat and hence not welcomed. We find that gated communities are redistributing access and security not just inside but also outside the gates, serving the needs of some, while dismissing the collective interest of inclusive and secure public spaces for all and hence are a threat to the democratic nature of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conservation plans that explicitly account for the social landscape where people and wildlife co‐occur can yield more effective and equitable conservation practices and outcomes. Yet, social data remain underutilized, often because social data are treated as aspatial or are analyzed with approaches that do not quantify uncertainty or address bias in self‐reported data. We conducted a survey (questionnaires) of 177 households in a multiuse landscape in the Kenya–Tanzania borderlands. In a mixed‐methods approach, we used Bayesian hierarchical models to quantify and map local attitudes toward African elephant (Loxodonta africana) conservation while accounting for response bias and then combined inference from attitude models with thematic analysis of open‐ended responses and cointerpretation of results with local communities to gain deeper understanding of what explains attitudes of people living with wildlife. Model estimates showed that believing elephants have sociocultural value increased the probability of respondents holding positive attitudes toward elephant conservation in general (mean increase = 0.31 [95% credible interval, CrI, 0.02–0.67]), but experiencing negative impacts from any wildlife species lowered the probability of respondents holding a positive attitude toward local elephant conservation (mean decrease = −0.20 [95% CrI −0.42 to 0.03]). Qualitative data revealed that safety and well‐being concerns related to the perceived threats that elephants pose to human lives and livelihoods, and limited incentives to support conservation on community and private lands lowered positive local attitude probabilities and contributed to negative perceptions of human–elephant coexistence. Our spatially explicit modeling approach revealed fine‐scale variation in drivers of conservation attitudes that can inform targeted conservation planning. Our results suggest that approaches focused on sustaining existing sociocultural values and relationships with wildlife, investing in well‐being, and implementing species‐agnostic approaches to wildlife impact mitigation could improve conservation outcomes in shared landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media plays a crucial role in health information dissemination, yet it also raises concerns about misinformation. This study examines the role of Spanish health centers in promoting influenza vaccination on social networks, particularly X (formerly Twitter), during the 2023–2024 campaign. An observational, retrospective study analyzed the activity of 832 Spanish health centers on X. Data collection focused on the existence of official accounts, follower engagement and the nature of messages posted. Metrics were obtained using X Analytics, and statistical analysis was performed using JAMOVI v2.4 software. Of the 832 centers, 607 had readable X accounts. Collective accounts were more prevalent (351) than individual ones (239). Collective accounts had significantly more followers and posts but showed less engagement compared to individual accounts. The most followed accounts belonged to public entities, like the Community of Madrid and private organizations, such as Sanitas. An analysis of the vaccination campaign revealed that most posts had a political focus with limited health information, resulting in minimal interaction with the public. As a conclusion, the study highlights the fragmented nature of health communication through social networks in Spain. Despite the higher visibility of collective accounts, their engagement with the public is low, often due to the political nature of posts. A unified national strategy is essential for enhancing public health communication, focusing on interactive and relevant content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issues Addressed: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Aboriginal) people in South Australia are overburdened by cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. The South Australian Aboriginal Chronic Disease Consortium (Consortium) was established in June 2017 as a collaborative partnership to lead the implementation of three state‐wide chronic disease plans using a strategic approach to identifying key priority areas for action. Methods: In 2017–2018, the Consortium Coordinating Centre facilitated a priority setting process, which involved extensive consultation, including a prioritisation survey and stakeholder workshops. The Consortium's Aboriginal Community Reference Group was instrumental in leading the identification of priorities for action. Results: The Consortium RoadMap for Action identified seven across‐plan priorities and six condition‐specific priorities. It acknowledged that: strengthening social and emotional well‐being is central to improving health outcomes; prevention and early detection, acute management and ongoing management are all components of the continuum of care; and improving access to services, strengthening the workforce, and monitoring and evaluation are required across the continuum of care. Conclusion: Widespread implementation failure in the past across the health system and health services implementation and research translation highlights the value of the Consortium approach and its commitment to implementing the state‐wide chronic disease plans in a collaborative manner. The Consortium relies on and fosters cross‐sectoral alignment, with all key players including all public, private and Aboriginal Community Controlled health services, to progress its priorities and aspirations to improve health outcomes for Aboriginal people using evidence‐based strategies. So What?: Rigorous and transparent priority setting processes that bring together research, clinical practice, health services operations, policy and community perspectives can foster intersectoral collaboration and partnership and support the implementation of shared priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many large cities today, spaces of extreme wealth and poverty often exist in proximity. City officials, private developers and wealthy residents often 'correct' this cheek-by-jowl situation of proximate yet drastically unequal communities by building physical walls and fences between them. What is the interface between spaces inside and outside the walls built around low-income communities in elite neighbourhoods? How do people living inside the walls built to contain their communities engage with this infrastructure of control? This article addresses these questions by presenting the politics of socio-spatial separation of a low-income and informally built walled community called France Colony in a wealthy neighbourhood in Islamabad (Pakistan). It shows how the wall around France Colony is not only an ineffective sealing device; its porosity has also ironically prompted adjacent wealthy residents to retreat inside their large homes and raise their boundary walls. Not only do walls make obvious the intentions and anxieties of people on the outside trying to control the presence and growth of a low-income community, but spatial practices and negotiations around involuntarily built enclosures can minimise their restrictive intent and provide opportunities for enclosed communities to demand their rights to space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiscal constraints facing municipal governments make gated communities that self-finance their amenities a welcome phenomenon. However, studies exclusively devoted to investigating the types of amenities supplied in gated communities and the factors that determine their supply remain unexplored. This paper fills this gap by using survey data from 51 gated communities sampled across the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) in Ghana. After conceptualizing 10 different amenity categories commonly found in gated communities, it finds that security, governance, accessibility, and communal-related amenities are those commonly found in gated communities in GAMA. Multiple linear regression modeling reveals that only four amenity categories, namely, security, governance, communal and health-related amenities have a significant model fit. It further finds that both the "number of houses planned" and the "year project construction began" increase the number of all four amenity categories provided in gated communities. However, other locational, company and project characteristics have a differential impact on the number of these four amenities provided, some of which appear to contradict some existing theoretical propositions underlying the provision of amenities in gated communities. It concludes by reflecting on municipal authorities' increasing reliance on gated communities to supply amenities in light of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The epidemiological relevance of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs) has been dramatically highlighted by COVID-19. However, other viruses cannot be neglected, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human adenovirus. These viruses thrive in closed spaces, influenced by human and environmental factors. High-risk closed communities are the most vulnerable settings, where the real extent of viral ARIs is often difficult to evaluate, due to the natural disease progression and case identification complexities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology has demonstrated its great potential for monitoring the circulation and evolution of the virus in the environment. The "Prevention of ARIs in indoor environments and vulnerable communities" study (Stell-ARI) addresses the urgent need for integrated surveillance and early detection of ARIs within enclosed and vulnerable communities such as long-term care facilities, prisons and primary schools. The rapid transmission of ARIs in such environments underscores the importance of comprehensive surveillance strategies to minimise the risk of outbreaks and safeguard community health, enabling proactive prevention and control strategies to protect the health of vulnerable populations. This study consists of designing and validating tools for integrated clinical and environmental-based surveillance for each setting, coupled with analytical methods for environmental matrices. The clinical surveillance involves specialized questionnaires and nasopharyngeal swabs for virus identification, while the environmental surveillance includes air and surface microbiological and chemical monitoring, and virological analysis of wastewater. Integrating this information and the collection of behavioural and environmental risk factors into predictive and risk assessment models will provide a useful tool for early warning, risk assessment and informed decision-making. The study aims to integrate clinical, behavioural, and environmental data to establish and validate a predictive model and risk assessment tool for the early warning and risk management of viral ARIs in closed and vulnerable communities prior to the onset of an outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy, themainstay of treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer, can be either medical or surgical. Surgery has cost beneits compared to medical treatment. In this study, we evaluated the use of simple and epididymal-sparing orchiectomy in 2 diferent practice settings for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent surgical castration for metastatic prostate cancer between 2011 and 2022. The primary outcome was achieving castration-level total testosterone of<50 ng/dL.We also compared the characteristics of patients who were seen at a public academic teaching hospital vs those who were seen at a private community hospital (oncology group practice), andwe evaluated the impact of orchiectomy approach (simple vs epididymal-sparing orchiectomy) on patient outcomes. Results:We analyzed 101 patients who underwent orchiectomy: 40 (39.6%) at a public academic teaching hospital and 61 (60.4%) at a private community hospital (oncology group practice). Of these patients, 81 (80.2%) underwent simple orchiectomy and 20 (19.8%) underwent epididymal-sparing orchiectomy. Forty-nine patients (48.5%) had previously receivedmedical androgen deprivation therapy, 9 (18.4%) of whom had medication adherence issues. Patient age, race, and marital status difered signiicantly between hospital facilities. The overall surgical complication rate was 3.0%. Postoperative total testosterone levels were available for 81 patients, drawn amedian of 57 days after surgery [IQR 30, 123]. All patients had castrate-level total testosterone (median 10 ng/dL [IQR 9, 19]) postoperatively, with no diferences seen between surgery location (P = 0.84) or surgical technique (P = 0.90). Conclusion: Simple or epididymal-sparing orchiectomy is safe and efective for surgical castration and is an alternative tomedical androgen deprivation therapy for patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer regardless of the practice demographics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed Methods Results Conclusions So What? Australian children are not meeting the recommended physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) guidelines. Health behaviour practices implemented in community settings such as early education services can improve child's health outcomes and are therefore key to help meet guidelines. This study aimed to measure the implementation of HE and PA policies and practices in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and to examine their association with service characteristics.A random sample of 1122 centre‐based ECEC services were invited to a cross‐sectional survey measuring HE and PA policy and practice implementation. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between the service characteristics and implementation of policies/practices.In total, 565 ECEC services completed the survey. Results show that while some practices are implemented, the implementation of practices promoting HE and PA education is low. Practices related to educator training for HE (18%) and PA (13%) were poorly implemented. The implementation of practices such as ‘providing educator training around child PA’, ‘engaging families in activities to increase child PA’ and ‘encouraging supportive feeding practices’ were significantly higher in services located in major cities than regional/remote services. ‘Having a PA policy’ and the practice of ‘limiting the use of screen time’ was significantly higher in long day care services than in preschools. The implementation of ‘providing educator‐led PA’, ‘providing free play opportunities’ and ‘having a PA policy’ was significantly lower in private not‐for‐profit community managed services than in private for‐profit services.Implementation of various HE and PA policies and practices in regional/remote services, private not‐for‐profit services and preschools across NSW could be improved.Future research should be prioritised towards identifying factors influencing the implementation of these policies and practices to best tailor implementation support efforts for those who need it the most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, through an anthropological lens inspired by Anthony Leeds’ concept of locality, examines the interplay between urban governance and autocratization in Shanghai’s gated communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. As strategic microcosms within China’s cities, these urban spaces are analysed as distinct human-geographical units to reveal the intricacies of multilevel governance within China’s authoritarian framework. Drawing on a multifaced ethnographic approach, including online and offline ethnographic research and secondary data analysis, the paper explores how gated communities act as potential enclaves for democratic practices, fostering public participation amidst strong state control. The findings highlight the pivotal role of urban fabric in shaping political dynamics, positioning gated communities as key sites for understanding deepening autocratization processes in urban China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rather than a radical new way of entangling space and society fashioned by late capitalism and neoliberalism, gated communities are the latest iteration of a long chain of power mechanisms devised to reproduce racial hierarchies and to defend "proper citizens" against internal and external enemies. Based on ethnographic data produced in Nordelta, one of Latin America's largest gated communities, this article concentrates on a twofold process through which Nordelteños produce their social and physical spaces: first, on the relationships they establish with their surroundings, negating its natural and cultural dimensions, and second, on the different technologies they have deployed to exclude, monitor and sanction the nearby "improper" population. In a country that has never ceased to define its legitimate citizenry upon their own category of "whiteness", this analysis contributes to understand how Argentine gated communities entangle elites, racism and segregation to produce a space of exception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synopsis: Scaling up postpartum and postabortion family planning requires stronger health system stewardship, community and private sector engagement, measurement, and financing. Maternal health leadership is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, the traditional precepts of "Turkish Islam" have defined the community structure for Turkish immigrants in The Netherlands. Today, spiritualism rather than Islamic morality is emerging as the more compelling religious practice among young people, especially among women who are looking to break out of their culturally enclosed communities. This study uses the terms "enclosure" and "opening up" as metaphors for immigrant participation in Dutch society and suggests that religious Muslim women immigrants are both the founders and dismantlers of the two metaphors. Through their own narratives, women are shown to challenge and resolve social compartmentalization, and the role of cultural transmission through "Ummahtism" (the global Islamic community) is detailed as it is reinterpreted in Europe by Dutch–Turkish women. The findings of this paper are based on field research conducted in The Netherlands between September 2020 and April 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choirs in female monastic and convent communities are spaces whose complexity has been highlighted because of their multipurpose and multifunctional nature. Although they are within the community's private sphere of prayer of the divine office, it has also been noted that they play a liturgical role as the space from which the nuns 'hear' and follow the celebrations taking place in the church and even in the choral altars. The devotional–liturgical binomial is joined by other contrasting terms, like esglesia dintra–sgleya de fora, indicating a duality, as follows: the claustration (as an enclosed, internal and private space of the nuns) and the external church accessible to priests and laypeople, as well as private devotion versus community devotion. The Poor Clares of the monastery of Sant Antoni i Santa Clara actually mentioned the choir altar as nostro altar, underscoring the close bonds that joined them to a liturgical table in this private space, as opposed to those of the esglesia defora. The objective of this article is to study the choirs of three female monasteries in Barcelona during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries—Sant Pere de les Puel·les (Benedictines), Sant Antoni i Santa Clara and Santa Maria de Pedralbes (both Clarissan)—from a holistic standpoint, including spaces, functions, goods, furnishings and decorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xuanwei ham is a traditional fermented meat product in China with a unique production process and excellent-quality reputation at home and abroad. To reveal the microbial community succession of Xuanwei ham at different post-ripening times (W1-4) and its relationship with flavour formation, the microbial community, free amino acids, and volatile flavour compounds (VOCs) were analysed by high-throughput sequencing, liquid chromatography (LC), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. A total of 25 free amino acids were detected, among which W3 contained the fewest, and most were generally lower than in hams in the other three years. Fifty-nine VOCs were detected, among which 17 were esters, and the highest ester content was found in W4. Analysis of the bacterial community composition revealed that the bacterial community composition of ham samples from W3 and other years differed greatly, and at the gate level, the dominant bacterial group of Xuanwei ham from different years was Pseudomonadota. At the genus level, the most abundant genera in W1, W2, and W4 were all dominated by Sarocladium, Klebsiella, and Vibrio, with Klebsiella being the most abundant in W1. The most abundant genus in W3 was Vibrio, and the second most dominant genera were Sarocladium and Gammaretrovirus. In short, this study provides a theoretical basis for the storage, quality, and improvement of Xuanwei ham. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Given the continuing need to study service marketing adaptations that emerged in the wake of Covid-19, this paper aims to look at the formation and evolution of purchase groups (PGs) that arose in Indian gated communities during the pandemic and have continued functioning in the post-pandemic marketplace. Not only did these groups act as much-needed interstitial markets during a time of significant external disruption, but they also served as sites of value co-creation, with consumers collaborating with each other and with service providers. Design/methodology/approach: Using a phenomenological research approach, the authors conducted 22 in-depth interviews with Indian consumers and small service providers to gather accounts of how PGs started and evolved with time. Subsequent data coding and analyses are conducted with NVivo 12. Findings: Using the service ecosystem perspective, the authors illustrate seven distinct themes that capture the nuances of the formation and evolution of PGs. These consist of entrepreneurality, collectivity, and fluidity at the service ecosystem level, hybridity and transactionality at the servicescape level, and mutuality and permeability at the service encounter level. Originality/value: This study provides an empirical and theoretically grounded account of a long-term service marketing adaptation that has persisted in the post-pandemic marketplace. This helps us address recent calls for such research while also adding to the work on value co-creation in collective consumption contexts and extant discourse on service ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the educational stage, academic achievement depends on various social, family, and personal factors. Among the latter, executive skills in everyday life play a significant role in dealing with the academic demands of adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to ascertain the effects of executive symptomatology in everyday functioning on academic achievement in adolescents. Method: The study involved 910 students aged between 13 and 15 years (M = 14.09, SD = 0.68) from both public and private schools in the Community of Madrid. The DEX, BDEFS-CA, and BRIEF-SR questionnaires were utilised to assess executive difficulties, while grades in language, mathematics, and natural sciences were used as a measure of academic achievement. Results: The data revealed statistically significant differences in working memory, emotional control, materials organisation, and task completion. In relation to language and natural sciences subjects. In the case of mathematics, emotional control and task completion were significant variables. Conclusion: Our results indicate that certain executive skills that are manifested in everyday life activities can contribute, albeit in a variable way, to academic achievement in the subjects studied. This aspect is relevant insofar as it allows us to develop preventive interventions based on the executive training of these everyday skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Outer and middle ear pathologies are known to disproportionately affect low-income countries but data is limited. We aim to quantify the prevalence rate of patients presenting with middle/outer ear pathologies at ABC Hearing Clinic and Training Centre in Lilongwe, Malawi. Audiological consultations (adult and paediatric) from 2018–2020 were reviewed for outer and middle ear pathologies. Secondary outcomes included patient type (private vs. community) compared to otoscopy findings, tympanometry findings, need for follow up, and follow up compliance. Out of 1576 patients reviewed, the proportion of abnormal cases' was 98.2%, with 41.4% being unilateral and 57.4% bilateral. Eighty-three percent presented with outer/middle ear pathologies. 68% of those presented with a pathology often associated with some degree of conductive hearing loss (occluding wax, perforation, discharge, Type B/Type C tympanogram). Average age was 29 + 0.527 years; 41.6% private and 58.2% community patients. Cerumen impaction was most common finding (51%). Higher rates of otoscopic abnormalities and type B tympanograms were noted in community vs. private patient (~40% vs. ~30%; ~70% vs. ~30%). Adherence to follow up was higher for community vs. private patients (29% vs. 17%); ~70% reported subjective improvement upon follow up. The majority required multiple interventions on follow up. Secondary follow up was recommended in 64.8%. A significant disease burden of outer and middle ear pathologies was identified. Further research is required to understand the disease burden and promote health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the narratives and traditions that converged in the debates that raged in the House of Commons in response to the UK government's controversial proposals for planning reform in 2020. Using decentred theory, it is argued that planning is essentially decentred in that it has no essence, no fixed core beyond a general concern with the relationships between town and country, central and local government, economic development and the environment, private property and community, individual freedom and state power. This means that English planning comprises a web of contradictory traditions that can be articulated in service of various agendas. The analysis explores how the traditions in planning were interpreted through and reframed by various ideological traditions in the Conservative Party to legitimise different arguments concerning the desirability, or otherwise, of housebuilding and how planning should govern new housing development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The careers of social media content creators, or influencers, live or die by their ability to cultivate and maintain an invested audience-community. To this end, they are encouraged to practise what has been framed as 'emotional labour' (Hochschild, 2002 [1983]) and 'relational labour' (Baym, 2018), commodifying their personalities, lives and tastes in order to build 'authentic' self-brands and intimacy with audiences. Drawing on an ethnographic study of the London influencer industry (2017–2023), this article examines emotional/relational labour through an intersectional feminist lens, foregrounding the ways in which structural inequalities shape relationships between creators and their audiences. The tolls of managing audience relationships are higher for marginalised creators – especially those making stigmatised and less brandable content genres – who find themselves on an uneven playing field in the challenges they face as well as the coping strategies at their disposal. These creators are in an intimacy triple bind, already at higher risk of trolling and harassment, yet under increased pressure to perform relational labour, adversely opening them up to further harms in the form of weaponised intimacy. This article explores four key tactics that creators employ in response to such conditions, as they navigate relational labour and boundaries with audiences: (1) leaning into making rather than being content; (2) (dis)engaging with anti-fans through silence; (3) retreating into private community spaces, away from the exposure of public platforms; and, in parallel, (4) turning off public comments. The adverse experiences of marginalised creators who speak about their identities and experiences online raise serious concerns about the viability of content creation as a career for these groups, as well as the lack of accountability and responsibility that platforms show towards the creators who generate profit for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study advances the measurement of community social context by introducing the daily dynamic perspective to promote a better understanding of the relationship between community social context and community attachment. It measured the social context averaging or polarization (SCAP) effect of communities every 3 h using census and cell phone data and investigated residents' community attachment in 71 communities in Guangzhou, China. There are three findings. First, the social contexts of many communities varied during the day, either moving toward the mean of the whole city or away from the mean. Distinct patterns exist during work hours, evening hours, and night hours. Second, considering variations in social contexts during the evening hours significantly enhances the explanation of the heterogeneity in residents' community attachment. Third, variations in social contexts are more likely to influence residents' attachment in old blocks and migrant communities, and communities that may have gated sub-units are less likely to be influenced. The study advocates that context dynamics be taken as a new dimension of community indicators in place perception studies. The study is also instructive in targeting space and time that deserve special attention in community governance practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial (JMPIS) is the property of Dinasti Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Crime impacts residential neighborhoods not only through the loss of life and property but also by instilling a widespread fear among residents. To combat this fear, physical security measures like safety locks, gates, and high perimeter walls have proven effective in both developed and developing nations. This trend has led to the increased popularity of gated communities in Pakistan as a preferred housing choice. In addition to encouraging micro-segregation, these developments also attract a large number of residents. In order to better understand the differences in residents' fear of crime in relation to their health and socio-economic status, this paper compares residential housing schemes in Quetta, Pakistan (gated and non-gated). Surveys and on-site observations in four different residential areas of the city underpin the methodology. The results suggest that past experiences of crime victimization strongly affect feelings of safety in both gated and non-gated communities. The study highlights the complex relationship between the perception of safety, health and well-being, socio-economic status, and the type of community, highlighting how these factors collectively influence respondents' experiences and create micro-segregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable development is considered as one of the cardinal measures of the state of an environment with an important aim of ensuring adequate land use without compromising future needs. However, despite efforts by statutory body on controlling the use of land through sustainable practices such as zoning, environmental conservation, land related issues still persists. The study assessed sustainable development practice of private residential land in Ondo state in order to enhance its suitability to the environment. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from landowners in Ipinsa, Ilara-Mokin and Ibule-Soro areas of Ondo state, Nigeria. The obtained information was examined using Weighted Mean Score, Logistic Regression, Factor Analysis and Thematic Analysis. Weighted Mean Score is used to determine the probability associated with a particular event with its associated quantitative outcome. The findings of this study show that emergence of adjoining land use, unguided market price, emergence of small illegal development amongst others were activities found on residential land in the study area. Therefore, this study recommends the need for policy/guidelines on controlling the intense use of land for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals are often involved in multiple online social networks. Considering that owners of these networks are unwilling to share their networks, some global algorithms combine information from multiple networks to detect all communities in multiple networks without sharing their edges. When data owners are only interested in the community containing a given node, it is unnecessary and computationally expensive for multiple networks to interact with each other to mine all communities. Moreover, data owners who are specifically looking for a community typically prefer to provide less data than the global algorithms require. Therefore, we propose the Local Collaborative Community Detection problem (LCCD). It exploits information from multiple networks to jointly detect the local community containing a given node without directly sharing edges between networks. To address the LCCD problem, we present a method developed from M method, called colM, to detect the local community in multiple networks. This method adopts secure multiparty computation protocols to protect each network's private information. Our experiments were conducted on real-world and synthetic datasets. Experimental results show that colM method could effectively identify community structures and outperform comparison algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article "Ethics and Situational Crime Prevention" by Professor Thomas Søbirk Petersen explores the ethical considerations of preventing crime through design and situational means. The book delves into various topics such as gated communities, hostile design, criminal records, and ethical guidelines, showing how normative principles apply across different contexts. While the author primarily focuses on societal perspectives rather than specific policymaker actions, the book offers valuable insights for those interested in crime prevention and ethics, making it a useful resource for academic discussions and university courses in criminology and applied philosophy. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Mangrove sediment microbes are increasingly attracting scientific attention due to their demonstrated capacity for diverse bioremediation activities, encompassing a wide range of environmental contaminants. Materials and methods: The microbial communities of five Avicennia marina mangrove sediment samples collected from Al Rayyis White Head, Red Sea (KSA), were characterized using Illumina amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. Results: Our study investigated the microbial composition and potential for organohalide bioremediation in five mangrove sediments from the Red Sea. While Proteobacteria dominated four microbiomes, Bacteroidetes dominated the fifth. Given the environmental concerns surrounding organohalides, their bioremediation is crucial. Encouragingly, we identified phylogenetically diverse organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) across all samples, including Dehalogenimonas, Dehalococcoides, Anaeromyxobacter, Desulfuromonas, Geobacter, Desulfomonile, Desulfovibrio, Shewanella and Desulfitobacterium. These bacteria are known for their ability to dechlorinate organohalides through reductive dehalogenation. PICRUSt analysis further supported this potential, predicting the presence of functional biomarkers for organohalide respiration (OHR), including reductive dehalogenases targeting tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate in most sediments. Enrichment cultures studies confirmed this prediction, demonstrating PCE dechlorination by the resident microbial community. PICRUSt also revealed a dominance of anaerobic metabolic processes, suggesting the microbiome's adaptation to the oxygen-limited environment of the sediments. Conclusion: This study provided insights into the bacterial community composition of five mangrove sediments from the Red Sea. Notably, diverse OHRB were detected across all samples, which possess the metabolic potential for organohalide bioremediation through reductive dehalogenation pathways. Furthermore, PICRUSt analysis predicted the presence of functional biomarkers for OHR in most sediments, suggesting potential intrinsic OHR activity by the enclosed microbial community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to study the state and results of state management of financial support in the field of health care in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the article is dialectical methods of scientific knowledge: analysis and synthesis, critical analysis, logical abstraction, comparison, abstract-logical and statistical analysis. It pointed out the need to expand the state management of the financial support industry beyond the function of allocation of budgetary resources. It noted that the insufficiency of the budget requires the consolidation of available resources and opportunities for the proper provision of the medical industry, unification efforts of subjects of all forms of ownership, and all sources of funding. It indicated that the problems of health care budgeting in Ukraine lead to an increase in the risks of deterioration of the population's health and give grounds to predict an increase in the share of own funds in the volume of financing of the industry, which will lead to an increase in the volume of illegal payments for medical services and a deterioration in the solvency of the population. This will form the preconditions for the growth of social tension. Directions for improving the efficiency of state management of financial support are proposed. The low level of salary incentives for medical workers, in particular doctors, creates the problem of providing quality medical services. It is proposed to introduce regional structures, which should become a mechanism for regional diversification of budget funds aimed at health care, coordination of financial resources of communities and private funds, etc. The expansion of public-private partnerships is proposed, in particular, the use of comprehensive state management measures to stimulate the development of private medical institutions as a reserve for the provision of medical services in crisis conditions. Specific measures to improve the efficiency of state financial support to the industry are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of the Chinese economy has fueled the expansion of power grids. Power transformers are key equipment in power grid projects, and their price changes have a significant impact on cost control. However, the prices of power transformer materials manifest as nonsmooth and nonlinear sequences. Hence, estimating the acquisition costs of power grid projects is difficult, hindering the normal operation of power engineering construction. To more accurately predict the price of power transformer materials, this study proposes a method based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) network. First, the CEEMD decomposed the price series into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Multiple IMFs were clustered to obtain several aggregated sequences based on the sample entropy of each IMF. Then, an empirical wavelet transform (EWT) was applied to the aggregation sequence with a large sample entropy, and the multiple subsequences obtained from the decomposition were predicted by the GRU model. The GRU model was used to directly predict the aggregation sequences with a small sample entropy. In this study, we used authentic historical pricing data for power transformer materials to validate the proposed approach. The empirical findings demonstrated the efficacy of our method across both datasets, with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) of less than 1% and 3%. This approach holds a significant reference value for future research in the field of power transformer material price prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etched MoNb/Cu stack film is widely used as gate electrodes for ADS Pro TFTs. The CD Bias and profile angle(PA) are two important performance parameters for wet etching. The product‐specific bottom MoNb thickness and the fluctuation of wet etching conditions(time, temperature, and Cu ion concentration) make it difficult to precisely control the etching quality, thus it is of great significance to identify the influence of the above two factors on CD Bias and PAs. In this paper, the wet etching time, temperature and Cu ion concentration are taken as independent variables, and 11 different etching conditions are arranged based on the uniform experiments design to etch MoNb/Cu samples with two different MoNb thicknesses. The experiments reseluts shows that for the etched two MoNb/Cu stacks (15/300 nm, 30/300 nm) samples, the CD Bias and PAs are in the range of 0.22~0.73 µm and 40~51°, respectively. Both the CD Bias and PAs increase with the bottom MoNb thickness, etching temperature, etching time or Cu concentration, and the PAs increases with CD Bias. The etchant may form a reflux path during the etching process, along which the etching rate decreases. The difference between the etching rates at the top and bottom of the electrode contributes to the increase of PAs and CD Bias with etching severity. In the MoNb/Cu sidewall, MoNb acts as an anode due to the low corrosion potential, and the galvanic effect leads to the acceleration of MoNb etching, which ultimately results in the increase of PA and CD Bias under the thick MoNb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the optimization of asset management consisting of the process of planning, implementing, and supervising regional property. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological orientation. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using interactive models. The results showed weaknesses in the stages of planning, implementation, and supervision of assets. Therefore, the strategy to increase regional original revenue (PAD) through the optimization of regional property (BMD), the Gorontalo Provincial Government can take a series of innovation-oriented actions including: 1) A comprehensive asset audit of all assets owned including land, buildings, facilities, and inventory. This audit should include an assessment of the value, condition, and potential reuse. 2) Development of an asset management plan. 3) Involving private parties and communities to identify opportunities for cooperation in asset management. 4) Utilization of software technology to help monitor inventory, maintenance, and sustainability of assets. 5) Data-driven asset management by identifying new trends, market needs, and revenue potential to aid smarter decision-making processes related to asset utilization. 6) Promotion and marketing of assets that can be carried out by regional apparatus organizations (OPD) if they have facilities that can be leased or used commercially to help increase revenue. 7) Improved policies and regulations including procedures for leasing, maintaining, and reusing assets, as clear and flexible policies can support innovation and better asset utilization. The weakness in this study is mainly localisation, which is related to areas that predominantly prioritize local cultural values as the main foundation in their interaction with the surrounding environment. This is due to limitations in consideration of cultural variations that may exist outside the scope of those regions in this study. Therefore, the results of this study require careful consideration when applied in areas that have different cultural diversity or backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to dynamically create a sequence of textual descriptions for images, image description models often make use of the attention mechanism, which involves an automatic focus on different regions within an image. However, a prevalent issue with current attention mechanisms is their tendency to overlook essential elements within the image, prioritizing contextual aspects of the object when generating descriptive text. This constraint results in a decrease in the precision of the textual descriptions produced. To address this issue and improve the accuracy of image interpretation, a proposed model for image description utilizes an attentionbased approach and includes a multi-layer decoder and a fusion gate. This model is based on an encoder-decoder architecture and utilizes Residual Network (ResNet) framework for feature extraction during the encoding phase, thereby extending the encoder-decoder structure into the decoding phase. Within this framework, an adaptive fusion gate mechanism is introduced and combined with multi-layer cascade decoders to facilitate the generation of utterances. This allows decoders from lower layers to actively contribute to the final text prediction phase, thereby incrementally improving the accuracy of the predicted text and generating more precise descriptions. MS COCO 2014 dataset has been utilized for the purpose of training and validating the effectiveness of this model in understanding images. The results clearly and unequivocally establish the model's capacity to generate exceptional predictions. When compared with the top-performing models, it has demonstrated significant enhancements, as indicated by a 0.096 rise in BLEU 1 metric, a 0.153 improvement in ROUGE L metric, and a remarkable 0.32 increase in CIDEr metric on MS COCO dataset. The overall improvement in performance across all evaluation criteria highlights the model's alignment with the requirements of image understanding applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of gated communities and the omnipresence of video surveillance have changed urban life considerably in the last decades. Especially in cities governed by neoliberal public policies and widespread fear of crime, residents search for security, social status, and shared services in fortified enclaves where video cameras watch everybody who enters their premises. These developments are not restricted to private space, and affluent neighborhoods in megacities are eager to adopt a wide range of surveillance technology to protect their citizens. Eight years ago, the affluent municipality of Lo Barnechea in the metropolitan region of Santiago, Chile, installed a surveillance balloon in a residential area. The local security forces currently operate six balloons, and residents have become accustomed to the ever-present gaze of aerial video cameras. This article contrasts the presence of this technology in a megacity against different perspectives on surveillance and urbanism. A consideration of its panoptic features leaves an unsatisfactory explanation. Citizens actively participate in generating public policies and smart technology for public safety, as is characteristic of a maximum security society. The surveillance balloons have become a sustainable element in the urban landscape and an appreciated part of the social fabric of the residential neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the introduction of the integrated land use intensity index (ILUII) for new integrated urban residential projects in Egypt. This proposal is supported by previous studies and international experiences which have been used to formulate and calculate ILUII for housing sector developments. This index is also tested on a new Egyptian housing project for middle-income groups (an Arab Building Company [ABC] project). The testing focuses on assessing the role of ILUII and other indexes for achieving liveable communities. Furthermore, this paper investigates how this index could be applied to future housing projects in Egypt and could meet the goals and requirements of the state, residents and real estate developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Governing Neighborhoods in Urban China: Changing State‐Society Relations" explores the concept of hybrid authoritarianism in China's grassroots governance. It discusses the efficient response of the Chinese government during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic and how it has established a significant level of governance capacity at the grassroots level. The author examines the interactions between state authority and civil society, emphasizing the blending of governance dynamics in China. The book provides case studies on different types of communities and highlights the efforts of grassroots government officials to resolve conflicts and improve public approval, strengthening the legitimacy of the Communist Party regime. [Extracted from the article]