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The article highlights the need to adopt an integrated program act, which would determine not only scientific and theoretical fundamentals of the institute of legal entities as actors of administrative law but also would stipulate, based on elaborated and unified scientific provisions, the basic vectors of reforming and developing administrative legislation on a legal entity. Through the prism of particular fundamentals of administrative doctrine, the current legislation, and its practical application, the authors propose to introduce a possible option of the structure and the most general and important provisions of the Concept of reforming the domestic administrative law on a legal entity.

L.A. Fadeeva is the author of numerous publications and key co-author of fundamental encyclopedias published by the Russian Academy of Sciences (Identity: The Individual, Society and Politics. An Encyclopedia, 2017) and the Russian Political Science Association (Trends and problems of the development of Russian political science in the global context: Tradition, reception and innovation, 2018), representing the leading scientific school for identity studies in Russia (see: Perm School of Political Science: Sources, Development, Content, 2019), who has served multiple times as guest editor for the thematic issues of the best Russian political science journals on this topic (Political science (RU), 2020, No. 4). In this introductory article, our guest editor L.A. Fadeeva presents the materials of the current issue of our journal, interpreting their cross-cutting themes as the politicization of the non-political through the prism of identity processes at the macro-regional, regional and national levels.

The historical memory of the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan (1979-1989) is studied through the prism of memory books dedicated to the participants of the war and those who died in it. The present paper is the first study of the Afghan books of memory that were published over the past decades in different regions of Russia. The first part of this paper analyzes the regional books of memory published in various regions of the Russian Federation from 1991 to the present day; the second part analyzes the books of memory published in small cities of Russia as a separate cultural phenomenon. In conclusion, the author describes the main features of regional Afghan books of memory, emphasizing that the memory books are published with the active participation of various regional organizations - from local archives to representatives of municipalities - revealing that the publication of these books is part of cultural policy in the regions. Many memory books have been reprinted, which indicates the continued collection and processing of information about the military casualties in Afghanistan. The regional books of memory are one of the most important forms of preserving and transmitting the historical memory of the Afghanistan war.

Propaganda is an attempt to spread social and political values to influence peoples thinking, as well as to control and shape their behavior. It is an inseparable tool of the North Korean state. In a totalitarian state where digital information is restricted, the standards of living are low, and access to education is limited, propaganda is a part of almost all everyday routines. Its key function is to support the existing regime and teach citizens to obey it. Drawing on semiotic methodologies, this article examines North Korean propaganda through the prism of visual art and identifies distinctive features of posters as one of the major elements of the complex system of North Korean propaganda. The relevance of this work lies in the permanent interest in the phenomenon of North Korean propaganda in the international arena. The purpose of this work is to study the distinctive features and characteristics of propaganda posters as an integral part of North Korean propaganda. The objectives of this work are a detailed consideration of the propaganda system, its distinctive features, structuring of campaign posters, slogans, and messages with their accompanying translation, embedded within this type of propaganda.

It is attested, historically, that in the first centuries of the Common Era, Enochian literature was widely used among Christians, mainly the book of I Enoch, but also, in a more discreet way, the writings of II Enoch and III Enoch (this the least exercised influence). The official position in Western Christianity, which decoded I Enoch's writing from the list of useful literature to Christian religiosity, was given at the Council of Laodicea (4th century) which stated that the only names of angels recognized as sacred would be that of Michael, Gabriel and Raphael, removing I Enoque (who quotes several names of angels) from the West Christian exegetical scenario for centuries. Among the Jews literature was quite influential until the end of the first century Council of Jamnia, which considered only as sacred writings for religion those produced on the borders of the Holy Land in the Hebrew language, marginalizing I Enoque originally written in Aramaic. However, the same did not happen in some regions of the East where Christianity continued to use the book of I Enoque. Starting from the prism that Islam is a monotheistic religion that in its birth exchanged intensely with Judeo-Christian literatures, the article points to a plausible influence of the book of I Enoque in the construction of the Islamic apocalyptic taking as comparative basis the book The Scale of Mohammed. The article is bibliographic in nature and is structured on the comparative method, aiming to present narratological confluences between the writings.

The article examines the special role of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court in strengthening the international legal order. This analysis was carried out through the prism of the study of certain issues: the concept of "Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court" and his place in the system of international criminal justice; the powers of the Prosecutor at certain stages of the proceedings in the International Criminal Court; the principles of strategy and priority in the activities of the Prosecutor. Historical, system-structural, analysis and synthesis, comparative legal, formal-legal, and formal dogmatic methods were used in the research. In the article was made conclution that that the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court has a preventive effect on international crimes, because the work of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court is aimed not only at punishing perpetrators of international crimes, but also at preventing the commitment of such crimes in the future. It is emphasized that such activities of the Prosecutor ultimately have a positive effect on strengthening the international legal order.

This paper discusses aspects of economic analysis of law developed because of the status quo existing on the Internet and of the evolution of legal theory on copyright. It also explores the massive increase of interest in the law and economics of intellectual property during the first decade of twenty-first century. The paper argues that law and economics discourse on copyright foregrounds policymaking with a focus on copyright’s economic ramifications. This paper also examines Coase’s theorem and its influence on considerations about copyright regulatory frameworks and potential reform to keep abreast of ongoing technological advancements and their impact on copyright protection in the digital age.

The aim of the article is to present the leadership in a company from the SME sector shown through the prism of succession in a family business. The article refers to the book edited by Monika Kosetera entitled "Polish Boss" and discus another case of leadership. The article consists of five parts. The first provides an overview of the leadership literature with an emphasis on distinguishing between the concepts and roles of manager and leader. The second part describes the methodology used to conduct the study. The next part - empirical, includes a description of the phenomenon of leadership in the examined family business in the context of the three roles it plays in the managed organization, namely in the general social, professional and organizational role. The fourth part of the article, based on the interview and analysis of documentation, was entirely devoted to the role of a leader in the analyzed organization, taking into account new opportunities and threats resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The last part is a summary of considerations and a discussion.

Both branches of international economic law – international investment and trade law are currently in crisis. Many reforms have been proposed to cure the shortcomings of their dispute resolution mechanisms. Distinctive though they are, it seems that the newest EU’s proposal to establish the Multilateral Investment Court is heavily inspired by the dispute settlement system which exists in the World Trade Organization. The new system has been introduced to replace the investor-State dispute settlement mechanism existing in most investment treaties. In this article, the author assesses the objectives of the reform through the prism of successes and failures of the WTO dispute settlement system.

There are two key limitations to the literature that explores the relationship between truth and closure in post-violence societies. The first is that this relationship has been assessed mostly as part of a larger debate focusing on the links between the truth and the seemingly related concept of reconciliation. The second is that to the extent that the literature has addressed the connections between truth and closure as such, it has focused almost exclusively on the operations and effects of courts and truth commissions. The article addresses both limitations by examining the relationship between truth and closure through the prism of a different institution, the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus. Relying on 34 in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including relatives of missing persons on the island, it argues that the Committee's delivery of the truth has promoted closure in three distinct ways. At the same time it acknowledges that the type of truth and the way in which it is delivered can have detrimental consequences for the promotion of closure. A short video summarising the findings of this article is available here.

Topical aspects of practical implementation of local self-government reform (decentralization) through the prism of institutional challenges and prospects are studied. The article emphasizes that the key aspect of successful decentralization reform in Ukraine is the interaction and cooperation of political elites, authorities, local governments, civil society. At the same time, the given time should take into account current issues regarding the institutional formation of local self-government, the formation of professional governing bodies, the formation of relations between governing bodies and the public. Topical aspects of practical implementation of local self-government reform (decentralization) through the prism of institutional challenges and prospects are studied. The article emphasizes that the key aspect of successful decentralization reform in Ukraine is the interaction and cooperation of political elites, authorities, local governments, civil society. At the same time, the given time should take into account current issues regarding the institutional formation of local self-government, the formation of professional governing bodies, the formation of relations between governing bodies and the public. The author of the article supports the thesis that the result of decentralization reform should be an effective system of prosperous united territorial communities and new expanded districts.The tool for implementing the expected result should be the introduction of appropriate amendments to the Constitution and the adoption of a number of regulations, including the introduction of the institution of prefects, the formation of district and regional councils of their own executive bodies, and as a result, all levels of local self-government will receive the powers guaranteed by the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Relevant factors for the successful completion of decentralization reform are also the fact that the legislative support of the reform should be accompanied by raising public awareness of the essence of the reform process, its timing, results and competencies for local authorities.The author of the article supports the thesis that the result of the decentralization reform should be an effective system of capable OTGs and new enlarged districts. The tool for implementing the expected result should be the introduction of appropriate amendments to the Constitution and the adoption of a number of regulations, including the introduction of the institution of prefects, the formation of district and regional councils of their own executive bodies, and as a result, all levels of local self-government will receive the powers guaranteed by the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Relevant factors for the successful completion of decentralization reform are also the fact that the legislative support of the reform should be accompanied by raising public awareness of the essence of the reform process, its timing, results and competencies for local authorities.

For over twenty years, Italy has faced the phenomenon of so-called “forced” international migrations. By virtue of its geographic position in the Mediterranean, this country constitutes, in many ca...

The author analyses the features of media coverage of the new coronavirus infection (Covid-19) in Russia based on the material published from March 1, 2020, to May 15, 2020, in the Spanish high-quality press – daily social-political newspapers El Pais, El Mundo, and ABC. These papers are most read and influential in the modern media space not only in Spain but in the international market, and in particular in Latin America. The main goal of the study is to show how the image of Russia in the international media space affects the presentation of the pandemic in Russia in Spanish mass media. The author also studies the “quality press” concept and analyses this through the prism of Russian and foreign approaches. The analysis of the publications (152 articles), selected using the keywords “Russia”, “Moscow”, “Putin”, “Covid-19”, showed that some newspapers, being of high-quality and most read, do not reflect the pandemic situation in Russia widely (El Pais), or represent the sanitary situation in Russia partly and in the context of the domestic politics focused on the figure of the President (El Mundo). Another newspaper ABC corresponds to all the requirements for the status of quality press and covers the current situation of the pandemic in Russia objectively;75 materials published during the analysed period draw the readers’ attention to the situation with the pandemic and not on the political situation in Russia. © Vestnik Novosibirskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, Seriya: Istoriya, Filologiya 2021.

This article presents an analysis of the development of the Russian Anti Access/Anti Denial concept – A2/AD. The considerations contained in this article focus on identifying the threats that the Russian A2/AD concept creates for NATO and Poland. This article compiles empirical data from scientific publications, formal strategic and doctrinal documents, which allowed to define the A2/AD category, specify its essence and characterize it through the prism of military and non-military forces and resources engaged by Russia in several important operational regions: the Kaliningrad Oblast, Crimea, Syria and the Arctic.The aim of this article is to evaluate the Russian Anti-Access/Anti Denial concept from the perspective of the threats it creates for NATO and Poland.The obtained research results allow us to make the conclusion that when assessing the current external conditions, effective opposition to the Russian A2/AD by NATO will be very difficult to implement. Increasing the capabilities in this area will probably require the individual member states to increase their defense spending, mainly on the modernization and development of their armed forces. In addition to increasing the financial expenditures, increasing the ability to counteract the Russian A2/AD will require proper coordination and integration of the activities of the entire NATO structure around one coherent operational concept. This applies not only to counteracting the Russian A2/AD in Europe but also in other regions of the world, which in the near future may become the theatre of military operations, both classic, asymmetric or hybrid.

As M. Marković claims „there is dark over each of our histories, as well as over the cultural one“, the aim of this paper is: a) to show unexplored or forgotten facts related to the history of our plays, to prove that the history of plays in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be observed from the Medieval times; b) to position and analyze Bosnian and Herzegovinian plays in a social, cultural and artistic context. Overviews of repertoires of professional theatrical institutions and audience habits, especially in the post-World War II period, can help in the understanding of the specific contemporary position of domestic plays on theatre stages in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Empowerment, diversity, and inclusivity have been topics of interest for human resource specialists for more than a decade. Here we look at the experiences of one Indian woman entrepreneur, Dr. Anubha Walia, who, after decades in blue chip multinational companies, founded her own corporate training and management consulting firm PRISM. PRISM—Prepare, Respect, Implement, Share, and Maintain—is both the name of the company and the philosophy that underpins its operation. The article describes her struggle to establish a business based on the empowerment of women in the male dominated world of Indian business. It also illustrates how the PRISM philosophy gave the company the agility and flexibility it needed to pivot from providing face-to-face training and advice to online courses, webinars, and wellness programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article concludes with some observations on steering an organization in times of hardship and uncertainty. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC

Artist’s intention is not an unambiguous concept in conservation. It is used to focus on the aesthetic function of the work and its intentional effect. To understand the artwork in order to transmi...

The scale and gravity of the Syrian conflict has led to calls for the international community to fulfil its responsibility to protect the people. Despite mounting evidence of atrocity crimes commit...

The article is devoted to the issues related to the implementation of criminal procedural guarantees in the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and adoption proceedings. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in the scientific doctrine there is no established definition of criminal procedural guarantees in the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and in the implementation of proceedings by the way of adoption. It is proposed to understand them as a set of legally established methods and means (general and special), which ensure the effective implementation of the tasks of criminal proceedings, as well as prevent violations of procedural rights of persons involved, as well as their fundamental rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The position of scholars on the separation of the following constituent elements in the system of criminal procedural guarantees is supported: criminal procedural form; general principles of criminal proceedings; procedural status of a person; criminal procedural mechanism for exercising the rights of the subjects of the criminal proceedings related to the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and the transfer of proceedings from the competent authorities of a foreign state. The disclosure of the content of criminal procedural guarantees, which are implemented in the studied procedural forms of international cooperation in criminal proceedings is through the prism of these interconnected and interdependent elements

The presented paper deals with the basic issues, dilemmas and social and cultural contradictions in the Polish transformation process against the background of Central and Eastern Europe, the processes of the establishment and development of new states and nations as well as the new markets. The author views these problems through the light of the emergence of a broad class of subcontractors in a turbulent environment and the new modes of production, which are a result of changes in the structure of human labour introduced by post-Fordism (in its final stage, lean management) and postmodernity. The author also analyzes the social change as a consequence of social relations resulting from exchanging the life chances of the actors for the class-conditioned market opportunities in the existing social and political situation (conjoncture) and at the present stage of transformation at the moment when the emergent markets get shaped and mature. The study makes use of the hermeneutic method, which is finding out the essence of the present phase of transformation through the light of new concepts against the background of the historical-comparative analysis. The present article is not aimed at ordering reality but it is an inspiration for studies and for approaching transformation in accordance with a new conceptual apparatus of social sciences, sociology, management and political economy.

The current article presents empirical results on the frequency and type of innovations applied by companies in Bulgaria that are using direct marketing. The research is provoked by the dynamic and changing nature of direct marketing. As one of the main characteristics of direct marketing is the absence of intermediaries, the companies should constantly develop their knowledge and competences so they can improve their contact and communication with their customers in order to apply correctly and profitably the three approached associated with direct marketing. They are: the personalization in dealing with customers, the establishment of long-term relationships and the generation of customer’s loyalty, and they happen through different media. An appropriate application of these approaches requires collection, record and analysis of information which is being more and more executed as an automated process. The different and new types of media, in turn, require methods and understanding that further develop or eliminate existing practices, beliefs, and technologies. In this context, a theoretical analysis of innovations is being first conducted. After having a structured division of innovations by their types a brief questionnaire is being developed. As a result, the report summarizes the intersections of the theory with the established practice in 97 companies in Bulgaria.

To date, in public opinion, as well as in the scientific community, there have been polar assessments of the activities of the ombudsmen in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Ombudsman): from “bureau for redirecting complaints” to “a unique institution for the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms”. The spectrum of opinions, as a rule, is formed through the study of analytical materials (annual and special reports), or it can be formed from the subjective experience of a researcher (respondent) addressing the Ombudsman, taking into account the results of a specific complaint consideration.The activities of ombudsmen to ensure state protection of human and civil rights and freedoms are quite versatile.Therefore, in this article, we made an attempt to analyze the human rights activities of the Ombudsman not from the standpoint of the effectiveness of decisions made on complaints received in a particular sphere of relations, but through the prism of its ability to generally influence the law enforcement practice of state authorities, local governments and organizations, performing publicly significant functions.

The role and place of public-private partnership in the field of cybersecurity in modern conditions are determined. Models of building public-private partnerships in the field of cybersecurity through the prism of the experience of some advanced countries (Israel, Germany, USA, GB) are detailed. The positive achievements of foreign experience of public-private partnership in the field of cybersecurity are summarized. Problematic issues of public-private partnership development as a component of the national cybersecurity system are formulated. The directions of improvement of public-private partnership in the field of cybersecurity are proposed.

The article reveals the history of the receipt of the archive of P. Y. Karyshkovskyi-Ikar in the Scientific Library, reveals the main stages of processing the personal archival fund of the scientist, defines the structure of the fund, its content and scientificsignificance. Archival documents of P. Y. Karyshkovskyi-Iкar are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The archival fund of Professor P. Y. Karyshkovskyi-Ikar, which is stored in the Scientific Library of the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University, is of great scientific value. The study of the archival heritage of the scientist will reveal the multifaceted activities and creative path of the outstanding historian, numismatist and antiquarian, institutions and organizations in which he worked and with which he collaborated, to determine the impact of his research on the development of domestic historical science. Undoubtedly, the documents of the fund are a unique source for studying the work and scientific achievements of the scientist. Studying the archive of Professor Karyshkovskyi-Ikar P., stored in the university library, provides an opportunity to look into his creative workshop, in fact, in his research laboratory, which will complement the image and depth of the talented person through the prism of his archival heritage. In our opinion, the introduction of the Karishkovskyi-Ikar P. archive into scientific circulation gives us new ideas not only about him as a universal scientist, but also an extraordinary personality, a sensual poet, an avid collector and custodian of his own works, which he consciously left to us – descendants and followers.

The creation of cryptocurrencies marked the beginning of a new era in money evolution. In the cryptocurrency system, governments do not have primacy over monetary flows, but it is in the hands of participants in the cryptocurrency system, which enables the democratization of money. This also raised a number of issues that need to be resolved. Among them, the issues of incorporating cryptocurrencies into monetary policy, accounting, and tax treatment of cryptocurrencies, as well as preventing potential abuses, are especially prominent. On the other hand, Shariah experts deal with cryptocurrencies from the aspect of their Shariah compliance, and on that issue they are divided. This paper analyzes the treatment of money in Islamic teaching and practice, the concept of cryptocurrencies, and the challenges of their practical application, as well as the arguments presented by Shariah experts in support of their positions on the Shariah (non)compliance of cryptocurrencies.

In my 2014 review of Jack Devine’s book, Good Hunting, I wrote “Jack Devine loves his country, he loves intelligence, he loves the CIA [Central Intelligence Agency], and he loves the people in the ...

The relations and cooperation of the famous Ukrainian scientist, writer, publicist, publisher Oleksandr Lototskyi and the family of the Ukrainian writers — Borys and Maria Grinchenko are analyzed in the article. The publishing peculiarities of the Ukrainian-language books in the early twentieth century through the prism of the activity of Oleksandr Lototskyi — secretary of the “Charitable Society for Publication of Generally Useful and Cheap Books” (St. Petersburg) are highlighted in the article. The epistolary heritage of Oleksandr Lototskyi‘s located in the fund of the III Institute of Manuscripts of V.I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine was used by authors. The principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and systematics, as well as problem-chronological, comparative-historical and descriptive methods are used in writing the article. A study of Oleksandr Lototsky’s correspondence with Borys Grinchenko enables to find out that they had been actively cooperated even after 1900 when Oleksandr Lototskyi moved from Kyiv to St. Petersburg. Archival materials are published for the first time, revealing little-known details of Oleksandr Lototskyi’s persistent and painstaking work on the promotion of Borys Grinchenko’s Ukrainian-language manuscripts through censorship authorities. Such cooperation consisted of mutual discussion and editing of the manuscripts of Borys and Maria Grinchenko, which were to be published under such brands as “Vik” and “Charitable Society for Publication of Generally Useful and Cheap Books“. In particular, Oleksandr Lototskyi discussed with B. Grinchenko the issues of his Maria Grinchenko’s membership in the “Charitable Society for Publication of Generally Useful and Cheap Books“, cooperation with the “Ukrainian Vestnik“ magazine, as well as the terms of payment for their stories. Information about important historical events are involved in the scientific review, some facts from the history of book publishing development in Ukraine are specified, cultural and publishing networks of Ukrainian figures are defined. Important information has been found that opens up new perspectives for further in-depth study of their lives. It has been revealed that behind the cooperation in the field of literary and publishing during 1900–1908 the relations of both cultural leaders were creative, attentive, friendly and based on mutual assistance.

The article analyzes the activities of Galician Basilian monks through the prism of the OSBG (Order of St. Basil the Great) reform in Mukachevo Greek Catholic eparchy. Relying on a wide range of archival sources and using modern socioanthropological methodological approaches, the author has clarified the preconditions and reasons for the Order’s reform and described the attitude of Greek Catholic monks to those changes. In the course of the study, the author has come to the conclusion that as of December 1938, all monasteries of Subcarpathian Ruthenia were involved in the reform. Of course, each monastery was in a different state and had certain functions. Thus, Mukachevo monastery became a center of pilgrimage and an educational base for monks with a strong novitiate (according to the inspection carried out by Professor Josef Foltynovskyi on behalf of Pope Pius XI as of December 10, 1924, it included a total of 21 novices). Uzhhorod monastery turned into a cultural and educational center, successfully training students and operating a printing house. Malyi Bereznyi monastery was the heart of the missionary movement, providing after 1928 philosophical and theological studies for candidates’ preparation, while, due to their later involvement in the reform, Imstychiv and Boroniavo monasteries remained in the most difficult condition and hosted unreformed monks.

Маркова О. О. Дозвільна процедура в Україні. - Стаття. У статті автор проводить комплексне досліджен­ня дозвільної процедури: її правове регулювання, призначення, мету та функції, суб’єктів, структуру. Діяльнісна сторона дозвільної процедури реалізу­ється крізь призму дозвільної системи, яка є комп­лексним поняттям і включає сукупність дій органу, спрямованих на прийняття правонадільного адмі­ністративного акта про надання дозволу, контроль за дотриманням правил дозвільної діяльності, пере­оформлення, призупинення, анулювання дозволу. Особливість адміністративної дозвільної процедури зумовлена специфікою дозвільної системи, яка харак­теризується сукупністю ознак. Функціональна сторо­на дозвільної процедури реалізується шляхом здійс­нення дозвільного провадження як окремого виду провадження, в межах якого встановлюється порядок здійснення конкретних дозвільних процедур (надан­ня дозволу, проведення попередніх контрольних захо­дів, застосування оперативних санкцій до невладного суб’єкта дозвільних правовідносин. Автор намагаєть­ся пояснити та розкрити необхідність ухвалення єди­ного загального Закону України «Про адміністратив­ну процедуру», незважаючи на те, що існує Закон України «Про дозвільну систему у сфері господарської діяльності», який визначає правові та організаційні засади функціонування дозвільної системи у сфері господарської діяльності і встановлює порядок діяль­ності дозвільних органів, уповноважених видавати документи дозвільного характеру, та адміністраторів. В Україні повинен функціонувати уніфікований про­цедурний механізм, який буде відгравати ключову роль у впорядкуванні дій із боку суб’єктів дозвільної діяльності, створення легальних рамок для здійс­нення органами своїх повноважень щодо заявників, а також обмеження адміністративного розсуду. Як показує зарубіжний досвід, найбільшу гарантію від адміністративних зловживань і порушень прав і сво­бод громадян можуть забезпечити тільки єдині пра­вила про адміністративну процедуру (на противагу дійсній практиці галузевої законодавчої регламента­

Resumen Este artículo reconstruye y analiza la trayectoria de Florencio Constantino, un inmigrante vasco que llegó a Buenos Aires con oficio de peón y que, en menos de diez años, se convirtió en un tenor de reconocimiento internacional y estrella de las emergentes industrias discográficas. Más allá de la singularidad del caso, esta excepcionalidad, la trayectoria de este "empresario de sí mismo" constituye un prisma a través del cual acercarse a las experiencias culturales -tanto exitosas como truncas- de entresiglos. La reconstrucción de su historia de vida se realiza mediante el abordaje de un amplio corpus documental compuesto por prensa del periodo 1890- 1910 de carácter nacional e internacional. La metodología propuesta para el análisis del caso retoma herramientas cualitativas de la historia regional para reponer espacialidades micro en un contexto macro y de la perspectiva pragmática que nos permite hacer énfasis en los cursos de acción desplegados por Constantino. Tras el recorrido propuesto, el artículo muestra cómo el análisis de trayectorias culturales situadas en los márgenes del centro cultural arroja luz sobre formas específicas de atravesar y apropiarse de la modernidad cultural, así como dar cuenta de la emergencia de nuevas formas de consagración, de afición y circuitos artísticos. Abstract This article rebuilds and explores Florencio Constantino's trajectory, that of a Basque immigrant who would arrive in Buenos Aires as a workman and would turn into an internationally renowned tenor and a star of the emerging record labels in less than ten years. Apart from this uniqueness, an exceptional nature, the entrepreneur by himself's trajectory becomes a prism thorough which we can approach the cultural turn-of-thecentury experiences, either successful or truncated. Rebuilding his life history is accomplished by addressing documentary corpus made by the 1890-1910 press, both national and international. The methodology proposed for this analysis considers qualitative tools from regional history to reinstate micro specialties in a macro context and those from a pragmatic perspective to allow us focus on the courses of action Constantino took. The article shows, across this itinerary, how the analysis on the cultural trajectories based on the margins of the cultural center sheds light on the specific ways of experiencing and owing the cultural modernity as well as those of accounting for the emergency of the new ways of recognition, passion and artistic circuits. Resumo Este artigo reconstrói e analisa a trajetória de Florencio Constantino, um imigrante basco que chegou a Buenos Aires como trabalhador braçal e que, em menos de dez anos, tornou-se tenor e estrela internacionalmente reconhecido das emergentes indústrias fonográficas. Para além da singularidade do caso, desta excepcionalidade, a trajetória deste “empresário de si” constitui um prisma para abordar experiências culturais -tanto exitosas como truncadas- dos séculos. A reconstrução da história de sua vida é feita por meio da abordagem de um amplo corpus documental constituído pela imprensa nacional e internacional do período 1890-1910. A metodologia proposta para a análise do caso parte de ferramentas qualitativas da história regional para substituir as microespacialidades em um contexto macro e de uma perspectiva pragmática que nos permite enfatizar os cursos de ação desenvolvidos por Constantino. Após o percurso proposto, o artigo mostra como a análise das trajetórias culturais localizadas nas margens do centro cultural lança luz sobre modos específicos de atravessar e se apropriar da modernidade cultural, bem como dar conta do surgimento de novas formas de consagração, de passatempo. e circuitos artísticos.

Syrian crisis started as a domestic uprising against President Bashar-ul-Assad, and soon engulfed not only the neighbouring states, but also extraregional great powers. This study tries to anatomise the crisis by addressing the nature of the actors lying at domestic, regional, and system levels, who have rendered the conflict its multifaceted nature. The main question this study addresses is: What are the actors and factors that have contributed to the complexity of the Syrian Civil War and why has this conflict degenerated into a prolonged violent engagement between different groups? While using the theoretical prism of contentious theory of civil war developed by Adrian Florea and in-depth qualitative case study as methodological tool, this study hypothesizes that grievances at the domestic level have resulted in the onset of the conflict in Syria, which was later exacerbated and prolonged by the rise of ISIS and strategic competition among the regional and system level powers. The study concludes that, though the crisis is not over yet, increasing interests and overtures by Saudi Arabia and the domestic growing Syrian animosity towards Iran has opened new avenues for regional and extraregional involvement in the post-conflict reconstruction for effective governance, peace, and stability in Syria., La crise syrienne a commencé comme un soulèvement interne contre le président Bashar-ul-Assad, et a rapidement englouti non seulement les États voisins, mais aussi les grandes puissances extrarégionales. Cette étude tente d'anatomiser la crise en abordant la nature des acteurs aux niveaux national, régional et systémique, qui ont rendu le conflit sa nature multiforme. La principale question abordée dans cette étude est la suivante: quels sont les acteurs et facteurs qui ont contribué à la complexité de la guerre civile syrienne et pourquoi ce conflit a-t-il dégénéré en un engagement violent prolongé entre différents groupes? Tout en utilisant le prisme théorique de la théorie contentieuse de la guerre civile développée par Adrian Florea et une étude de cas qualitative approfondie comme outil méthodologique, cette étude émet l'hypothèse que les griefs au niveau national ont entraîné le déclenchement du conflit en Syrie, qui a ensuite été exacerbé. et prolongé par la montée de Daech et la concurrence stratégique entre les puissances régionales et systémiques. L'étude conclut que, bien que la crise ne soit pas encore terminée, les intérêts et les ouvertures croissantes de l'Arabie saoudite et l'animosité croissante des Syriens à l'égard de l'Iran ont ouvert de nouvelles voies pour l'implication régionale et extrarégionale dans la reconstruction post-conflit pour une gouvernance efficace, la paix et stabilité en Syrie.

The study aims at identifying some areas of international political interaction between post-Soviet Central Asian states and the major economic powers of Asia -China, India and Japan. The task is to determine their interests in the Central Asian region with an emphasis on the political component. The current state of political cooperation between China, India, Japan and the countries of Central Asia is considered. Their joint efforts to solve the problems and threats facing the sustainable development of the region are characterized, while overcoming those problems occurs within the framework of the formation of both bilateral and multilateral relations. The dynamics of political and military interaction between China and its Central Asian partners is revealed. It is shown that the regional security sphere is directly linked by China with the problem of protecting its own economic interests in the countries undergoing its Belt and Road program, aimed at changing the economic landscape not only in Central Asia, but throughout Asia. India and Japan, whose positions have come closer against the background of rising China, has defined their own strategies for Central Asia. Politics of major Asian powers in post-Soviet Central Asia are analyzed through the prism of the emergence of a polycentric world in Asia. Its distinctive features are: the emergence of new regional “centers of power”; their confrontation along the line of Sino-Pakistani, Sino-Indian rivalries; involvement of external players (the U.S.) in regional processes. In this regard, attention is drawn to the activities of such a multilateral international structure as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), as well as to the development of alternative infrastructure projects and concepts - QUAD, Indo-Pacific, Blue Dot Network. The results of the study are formulated in the following conclusion: the countries of Central Asia and the major regional economic powers in Asia base their relations on the foundation of mutually beneficial interests and equal partnership of independent states.

The article looks at this response to the COVID-19 crisis through the theoretical prism of health diplomacy with a heavily performative essence at its core. First, we delve into how this event was ...

An efficient integrated transport system is a vital component for South Africa as it continues to become increasingly integrated socially, politically, and economically. Recognised is the role of provincial and national railways as gateways, both into remote and urban communities and between provinces. This paper examines the dissolution of the South African Railway Police Force (SARPF) and transfer of police officials. The paper approaches this issue primarily, although not exclusively, through the prism of restructuring, and if had had the intended effect. It briefly describes the background and changes in the demand for and role of the Rapid Rail Police Unit (RRPU) in the Western Cape Province, as well as the subsequent developments in the railway environment. The method used in collecting data was semi-structured interviews. The non-probability sampling based on the purposive method was used to select the twenty (20) participants comprised of the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa Protection and Security Services (PRASA PSS), the SAPS officials, as well as commuters. A summary of the main data categories and the sub-categories is presented in the form of themes. Three themes emerged from the final synthesis of the findings, namely: (1) RRPU not structured as a specialised unit; (2) there is need for detective and crime intelligence capacity within the Railway police; and (3) there is a need for structuring of a detective and crime intelligence capacity. Amongst other aspects, a fundamental change in the way the Railway Police functions needed a paradigm shift, as well as, extraordinarily effective management and operating from a basis of knowledge of what works and what does not within the railway environment. It was concluded that there is a need for a detective and crime intelligence capacity to guide future strategic decisions by the South African Police Service (SAPS) Top Management regarding policing railway environment.

The article is devoted to the disclosure of certain issues concerning the understanding of the legal nature of the "right to judicial protection" as an important component of the right of individuals to protection of their rights, freedoms and interests through the prism of today's challenges. It is determined that the right to judicial protection is a complex legal phenomenon and includes certain elements. Emphasis is placed on the structural components of the "right to judicial protection". The allocation of individual components of the right to judicial protection allows to analyze the state of implementation of the right to judicial protection, to forecast its development and to determine the direction of such transformation. The concept of "right to judicial protection" can be defined as a set of legal possibilities of each person for effective restoration of rights, within the limits and in the manner prescribed by law and provided by an independent and impartial court, by a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time. Decisions and guarantees for the exercise of the right to judicial protection. The right to judicial protection is ensured by constitutional guarantees of the administration of justice by courts established on the basis of the Constitution of Ukraine and in the manner prescribed by law. Studies of the legal nature of the right to judicial protection are of great importance both for the development of the theory of law and for the formation of effective practice. A promising vector of further research is the improvement of national legislation and its harmonization with international standards of observance of the individual's right to judicial protection. It is emphasized that in the period of rapid transformation of society in the field of rights of persons to judicial protection, there is a significant increase in the number of persons wishing to exercise their right to judicial protection, and this leads to adjustment to new challenges of relevant justice structures. between all participants in judicial protection. It is noted that under the influence of objective factors, the legal nature of the "right to judicial protection" is changing rapidly, radically.

A. Zhuchkova’s review deals with M. Stepnova’s new novel The Garden [Sad], a recognised bestseller in 2020. The critic examines the novel from the viewpoint of its adherence to the classical genre of ideological novel and finds that the entire book is at the same time a response to Dostoevsky’s The Possessed [Besy] and a mockery of the liberal idea, the latter used as a prism through which to view the whole of Russia. Parody takes up an enormous part of Stepnova’s book; in fact, the entire novel is a spoof. Its principal fabric is made of implied parallels to The Possessed: Tusya is Nikolay Stavrogin, Boryatinskaya is Varvara Petrovna, Meisel is Stepan Trofimovich Verkhovensky, Nyutochka is Dasha Shatova, and Aleksandr Ulianov is Kirillov... In Dostoevsky’s and Stepnova’s novels, the portrayal of liberals is identical when it comes to their mannerisms, ideals and bon mots, so is the time setting in The Possessed and The Garden. However, while Dostoevsky only shares his premonitions about the imminent socialism, denunciations, killings and terror, Stepnova (whose novel conspicuously features the Ulianovs among its characters) has the knowledge of what is to come.

This study contributes to the emerging literature on the interplay between safety committees and employee perceptions of organizational safety culture. Creating, managing and maintaining a safety culture in organizations involves significant investment in the establishment of safety committees. The role of such committees in improving safety culture perceptions has remained underexplored in the safety management and organizational literature.This study addresses that gap and focuses on a safety committee within the facilities management operations of a large American academic institution. The objective is to generate understandings of how a committee can influence organizational cultural change and impact employee perceptions of safety.Using Schein’s organizational culture model as a prism, we unpack the employees’ implicit cultural beliefs. Data from over sixty employee interviews revealed that formation of the Safety Committee resulted in unintended consequences in terms of employee perceptions.Employees attributed most safety-related actions to the committee when, in fact, the managers and supervisors had actually carried them out. This overestimation of committee activities and concomitant underestimation of managerial actions by employees was an unintended consequence of establishing a committee. Employees, in fact, collectively attributed all positive changes in the organizational culture to the committee. The committee ultimately influenced the employees’ basic assumptions, such change being, according to Schein, a prerequisite for organizational cultural change.This study, therefore, contributes to the literature by proposing that unintended consequences can operate in three different ways to support organizational change. First, unintended consequences can promote positive outcomes; second, they can reveal a new understanding of committees, which under certain circumstances can act as a proxy for management and encourage positive perceptions of managerial commitment. Lastly, unintended consequences can provide a means to detect and ‘excavate’ hidden, implicit assumptions that drive organizational culture’s deepest layers., Cette étude contribue à la littérature émergente sur l’interaction entre les comités de sécurité et la culture de sécurité organisationnelle. La création, la gestion et la maintenance d’une culture de sécurité dans une organisation requièrent un investissement significatif de ressources, notamment pour la création d’un comité de sécurité. L’impact de celui-ci dans l’amélioration des perceptions sur la sécurité est resté jusqu’alors relativement sous-étudié dans la littérature.Cette étude s’intéresse à cette problématique et examine le rôle d’un comité de sécurité dans le département des opérations d’une grande université américaine. Notre objet est d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives quant à l’influence et l’impact de ces comités sur les perceptions des collaborateurs dans un processus global de changement de culture organisationnelle.En déployant le modèle de culture organisationnel de Schein, nous avons sondé les croyances implicites d’une soixantaine de salariés interviewés. Les données recueillies ont révélé que l’allocation de temps et de ressources dans le comité ont créé une perception positive sur l’engagement managérial vis-à-vis de la sécurité. Les employés ont, ainsi, attribué au comité la majorité des actions relatives à la sécurité, alors qu’en réalité les initiatives concernées ont été portées par les managers et superviseurs travaillant directement sur le terrain. Une telle surestimation de l’activité du comité et sous-estimation concomitante de l’activité par les managers directs est une conséquence inattendue de la création du comité de sécurité. En effet, les employés ont collectivement attribué tout changement positif au comité.Ceci a permis à celui-ci d’exercer une influence sur les postulats fondamentaux des employés; un prérequis, selon Schein, pour réaliser un changement de culture organisationnelle. Cette étude contribue donc à la littérature en avançant la notion que les conséquences inattendues peuvent fonctionner de trois manières différentes pour soutenir le changement organisationnel. Premièrement, elles peuvent promouvoir des résultats positifs; deuxièmement, elles peuvent révéler le pouvoir légitimant d’une ‘main invisible’ managériale; et, troisièmement, elles peuvent servir d’outil pour détecter et déterrer les postulats de base de la culture organisationnelle.

The article examines the features of the country’s economic and political development in the second third of the XIV century through the prism of analyzing the activities of famous representatives of the commercial and financial stratum of England. The results of the study of documentary, narrative sources, as well as modern scientific literature are presented. It is noted that the process of capital accumulation by English merchants accelerated in the conditions of the Hundred Years War. The features of the development of trade, credit, customs service are indicated. The relationship of the royal financiers with the parliament and the broad commercial stratum is analyzed. The participation of influential merchants in the financing of military campaigns conducted by Edward III in continental Europe is considered. Particular attention is paid to W. de la Paul and J. Poutney, who were the leaders of the merchant class. The reasons for the bankruptcy of taxation companies in the second half of the 1340s are investigated. The lawsuits against W. de la Paul, J. Poutney, W. Chiriton and T. Swenland are touched upon. It is shown that the bankruptcies and arrests of royal usurers were caused by the complexity of the implementation of government tasks. It is concluded that the economic and political successes of England were achieved largely thanks to the wealthy merchants.

Over the course of time, Pakistan–Russia relations severely lacked stability; many transformations were witnessed. Especially during the Soviet era, throughout the Cold War, the nature of the relations swung like a pendulum between extremely hostile to limited cooperation. Either side passed over many chances to ameliorate relations due to geo-strategic orientations of the other; Pak–US alliance made the Soviet Union uncomfortable, whereas the Indo–Soviet nexus worried Pakistan. However, post-Soviet Union’s disintegration, the relations amongst the two states rapidly warmed. In a short time, not only a great level of socio-economic cooperation began, but also Russia lifted the longstanding arms embargo for Pakistan, giving way to geo-military ties. This paper analyzes key transformations in Pakistan–Russia relations from the prism of “constructivism”; highlighting the importance of “perceived identities” in establishing bilateral relations, the role of leadership in setting geo-strategic orientation of a state, and perceptions trumping material gains while formulating inter-state relations.

The article is devoted to highlighting an important historical stage in Galicia ‒ the struggle of active women for their civil and political rights. An active form of women’s struggle was journalistic activity, journalistic and literary work in non-periodical editions ’ almanacs, published by the famous activist Natalia Kobrynska. The struggle of women for their rights has been traced through the prism of Natalie Kobrynsky’s almanac. The history of the publication of Natalie Kobrynsky’s almanacs is investigated. The women’s almanacs were singled out as the first stage in the development of the women’s political press in Galicia. It is proved that women’s almanacs are the first non-periodical (with indefinite periodicals) publications in which the ideas of emancipation spread. The structure, content and articles of active women who have raised urgent problems of Ukrainian womanhood before the public and society are analyzed. The study conducted a thorough analysis of the thematic and problematic content of women’s almanacs. Due to the descriptive method of research, a comparative analysis of women’s almanacs was carried out and their socio-political character was distinguished. The trends of the Ukrainian women's movement in Galicia as a form of civil and political struggle of the Ukrainian woman for their rights are monitored. It was found that women's civic and political activities developed in the general tendency of the Ukrainian nation’s struggle for self-determination. The scientific article analyzes the general tendencies of the development of active political and social women’s movement in the countries of Europe, and the Ukrainian women’s movement as its important component. It is found that the Ukrainian women’s movement, women’s non-periodic (almanac) publications and women’s periodicals were actively developing according to European traditions. It is established that women’s non-periodical editions ‒ almanacs were models of political women’s literature, which became a harbinger of political women’s periodicals.

The article substantiates the need to change the criminal procedural legislation that regulates the powers of the prosecutor and the status of the victim and gives the prosecutor the right to initiate a criminal case. The proposed changes in the procedural powers of the prosecutor are also considered through the prism of organizing the activities of law enforcement agencies and the impact of statistical reporting indicators on their activities. The experience of prosecutorial and investigative practices and the opinion of distinguished domestic legal scholars are analyzed. The changes proposed by the authors could have a significant positive impact on the work of preliminary investigation bodies and reduce the number of violations committed during preliminary investigation stages. In addition, bringing the status of the prosecutor and the preliminary investigation bodies into a logical procedural position could eliminate unnecessary and inherently harmful corporate competition.

The main aim of this scientific research is the need for a detailed elaboration and introduction into scientific circulation materials of archbishop who was a tireless researcher – Filaret (Gumilevsky). The analysis of his scientific and popular scientific heritage is seen through the prism of his life. The article shows how his pastoral work seamlessly combined with a deep understanding of the importance of popularizing knowledge of ethnology. Great part of the information which was presented on the pages of the diocesan newspaper later will be the basis of a thorough seven volume work “Historical and statistical description of Chernigov eparchy” (1873–1876), and was written by Filaret. KEY WORDS: Chernihiv diocese (eparchy), Bishop Filaret (Gumilevsky), ethnology researches, ethnography. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v22i0.1634

In academic publishing, stings appear to be on the rise. Stings may involve a paper with nonsense or fabricated content, fictitious authors or affiliations, and may be supported by artificially created emails or ORCID accounts, the latter to offer a false impression of validation. In recent times, stings have been used to protest editorial policies or to challenge claims of peer review, with the objective of exposing flawed policies and procedures. While some hail stings as success stories in exposing poor editorial policies and publication flaws, and while others draw humor from them, very few academics have suprisingly assessed the ethics (or lack thereof) and/or criminality of such operations. Consequently, it is rare to find academic papers that are critical of such stings from an ethical and/or criminal perspective. An equally surprising fact is that ethics-promoting organizations (COPE, ICMJE, CSE), which have ethics guidelines for paper submission to a wide swathe of academic and scholarly journals and publishers, do not have ethics clauses specifically calling out sting operations, even though several of their stated ethics guidelines consider fake, false or falsified elements in an academic paper to be unethical. In this paper, some reflection on broad ethical, humor-related and possible criminal elements of sting operations in academic publishing are considered. In addition, the COPE, ICMJE and CSE ethics guidelines were scrutinized to identify any clauses that could support the argument that stings in academic publishing are unethical.

Jeden z głównych tematów rozmowy Marty Baron-Milian i Piotra Bogaleckiego z Jakubem Kornhauserem, tłumaczem prozy Gherasima Luki z języka rumuńskiego i francuskiego, badaczem i popularyzatorem jego twórczości, stanowi próba usytuowania dwujęzycznej twórczości autora Biernego wampira w obszarze literatury rumuńskiej i francuskiej oraz na mapie praktyk awangardowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem historii surrealizmu. Poruszona w rozmowie problematyka ogniskuje się wokół zagadnień związanych z działaniem historii w tekstach Luki, ich politycznym charakterem, a podjęte tu interpretacje zmierzają do prób uchwycenia twórczości tego artysty między innymi przez pryzmat figury marana, ekonomicznych metafor czy jąkania, stanowiącego osobliwą właściwość języka zarówno prozy, jak i poezji Gherasima Luki. The interview by Marta Baron-Milian and Piotr Bogalecki with Jakub Kornhauser, who has been translating Gherasim Luca’s prose works from Romanian and French and popularizing them, aims at locating the bilingual oeuvre of the author of The Passive Vampire within the field of Romanian and French literature and on the map of avant-garde practices, particularly considering the history of surrealism. The problems raised in the interview focus on the workings of history in Luca’s texts, on their political character, and the undertaken interpretations are directed at attempts to capture the oeuvre of this author inter alia through the prism of the marrano figure, economic metaphors and stammer, which is a peculiarity of Luca’s language both in poetry and in prose.

This article deals with the study of the author’s personality of the Book of Ecclesiastes as a representative of theological education. Many Western scholars of the Book of Ecclesiastes assume that its author was a Jewish teacher. Since the author calls himself Ecclesiastes (ἐκκλησία, gathering of people) or Qoheleth (qahal, gathering), it seems that he gathered people for teaching. A reference to this is in the book itself: “In addition to being a wise man, the Preacher also taught the people knowledge” (Eccl 12:9). Thus, he appears to have served as a teacher of young people (Eccl 11:9) and had a group of disciples to whom he gave practical advice about life. It was a time of great changes in Israel, new circumstances of life demanded new answers, and Ecclesiastes, through studying the Holy Scriptures and through personal experience and reflection, made a critical analysis of the reality around him and those teachings that were spread among the Israelites. On the basis of this analysis, he provided answers to young people, trying to form a holistic worldview and save them from temptations: “The conclusion, when all has been heard, is: fear God and keep His commandments, because this applies to every person. For God will bring every act to judgment, everything which is hidden, whether it is good or evil” (Eccl 12:13–14). These words have not lost their relevance today. As a result, this work can be useful for analyzing the modern education system, through the prism of Jewish religious education, which is closely related to Christian education.

This article analyzes the efficiency of the administration, as well as the way of financing the cultural heritage of the Republic of Moldova through the prism of the legal, institutional and cultural policy framework. Following the research, it was found that in the last 30 years the efficient and transparent management of the material cultural heritage of the Republic of Moldova has not been ensured, which endangers the national cultural heritage. If the current management and financing model does not change significantly in the near future, there is a risk that the cultural heritage of the Republic of Moldova will reach an unrecoverable condition.

OBJECTIVE The aim: To present the complex formation of all the outlined components and the interaction between them, it should be lead to the successful formation of a culture of health of future doctors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The diagnostic stage of the experimental study covered 450 students of four higher medical educational institutions: I. Horbachevsky TernopilState Medical University (150 students), Lviv National Medical University named after D. Halytsky (100 students); Bukovynian State Medical University (100 students), Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University (100 students), Ukraine. RESULTS Results and conclusions: Analysis of the dynamics of changes in the formation of personal practical and personaldeveloping components of the future doctors' health culture from entry to final control allows us to conclude that the use of author's methods in preparing students gives better results than traditional training.

Lombard laws were issued between 643 and 755. They comprise in toto an invaluable normative source for the Lombard kingdom and society in the seventh and eighth centuries. Commentators have concentrated upon the witness that the laws comprise for the ability of Lombard kings to rule, control and influence society. This paper, however, will consider aspects of both movement and mobility through and across the kingdom using the prism provided by the law with regard to fugitives, runaway slaves and strangers. What does the law tell us about the conceptual parameters associated with those who composed and compiled Lombard law? How did the Lombard kingdom respond to movement and mobility? What do prescriptions which relate to frontiers reveal about the broader interconnectivity of the Mediterranean world? In addressing these issues, and in considering the broader connotations revealed, this paper will argue for a deeper mobility in the early medieval West.

In this article the historical stages, development and reorganization of the Sanitary Technical Faculty, as the main structural unit at the Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, are shown. Attention is paid to modern scientists and those who created our faculty. The article considers issues related to international cooperation in the educational sector. Today, for competitiveness in the market of educational services, international cooperation needs to be strengthened as an important factor in the integration of the education system into the European and global educational space. It describes how the education of teenagers is carried out, and also reflects some methods of conducting educational work at the faculty. The strategic goal of educational and upbringing activity is determined as the formation of a highly qualified specialist on the principles of the best achievements of domestic and world science. Also, the article concisely presents the forms and methods of work with student self-government, the features of its organization at the Sanitary Technical Faculty and its role in the university management.

KraichynskaOleksandra, MaslovaYuliia. Sexism in the political discourse of Ukraine. Pedagogy and Psychology of Sport. 2020;6(4):118-126. elSSN 2450-6605. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/PPS.2020.06.04.011 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/PPS/article/view/PPS.2020.06.04.011 https://zenodo.org/record/4339913 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.11.2020. Revised: 26.11.2020. Accepted: 17.12.2020. UDC316.346.2:323(477) УДК 316.346.2:323(477) SEXISM IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF UKRAINE СЕКСИЗМ У ПОЛІТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ УКРАЇНИ Oleksandra Kraichynska, Yuliia Maslova National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh, Ukraine Крайчинська Олександра, Маслова Юлія Національний університет «Острозька академія» The article is intended to analyze the phenomenon of sexism through the prism of political discourse in Ukraine. The specific purpose of the article was to review the involvement of women in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (VRU) at the level of party lists, committees, the Office and permanent delegations. The problem of sexism among the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada was noted. The aim of the article was to consider the manifestations of sexism in the political sphere of Ukraine. Analysis of statistics has shown that the problem of sexism is relevant today. The author discusses the quantitative ratio of men and women among the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and politicians in general. Through interviews with female deputies, the author shows the problem of the discriminated. An analysis of recent media publications has shown us examples of sexism from top government positions. As a conclusion and recommendations, the author notes the need to develop a system of civic and political education on gender equality; develop curricula on the participation of women in politics aimed at both women and men; to carry out trainings and other types of support for women candidates; to advocate the improvement of the coverage of women-candidates in the media. Key words: sexism, politics, gender inequality. Стаття призначена аналізу явища сексизму крізь призму політичного дискурсу в Україні. Конкретною метою статті став огляд залученості жінок до складу Верховної Ради України (ВРУ) на рівні партійних списків, комітетів, Апарату та постійних делегацій. Зауважено про проблему сексизму у середовищі депутатів ВРУ. Ключові слова:сексизм, політика, гендерна нерівність.