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This study aims to analyze stunting in children in Tangerang Regency using clustering methods such as k-means, Hierarchical Clustering with Agglomerative Nesting, and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). Stunting is a significant health issue affecting child growth due to chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections. The research revealed that k-means produced the best clustering results with a Silhouette Score of 0.52, indicating its effectiveness in categorizing children based on age, nutritional status, and stunting risk. The k-means method identified three clusters: Cluster 0 (ages 46-55 months, good nutrition, no stunting), Cluster 1 (ages 9-18 months, varied nutritional status, high stunting risk), and Cluster 2 (ages 27-36 months, good nutrition, no stunting). The study suggests preventive actions such as balanced nutrition education, regular health monitoring, complete immunizations, and physical activity, alongside curative measures like nutritional consultations and supplements. The findings provide a framework for targeted preventive and curative interventions, enabling Tangerang Regency's health department to effectively address and reduce stunting rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food waste is a serious problem, which undermines the achievement of many sustainable development goals (SDGs), despite their consideration in the agendas of many countries and companies. Notoriously, food waste (FW) causes different kinds of pollution that affect public health and social justice, while contributing to economic losses. This waste phenomenon has causes, drivers, and impacts that require rigorous assessments and effective approaches to mitigate its noxious effects, which are a serious concern for universities. Within these institutions, reducing food waste becomes a circular economy strategy, which is being utilized to assist in promoting sustainable development. However, there is a need for urgent attention to the specific causes of food waste and for consistent actions to reduce it, while boosting awareness in the campus community and triggering a change in students' eating habits. The purpose of this study is to analyze what can be done to reduce the levels of food waste at universities. To achieve this, a review of the theme's state of the art, which is inclusive of an overview of food waste production at universities around the world, is presented. The study employed a qualitative methodology where a comprehensive review of the literature and case studies analyses from selected world regions were considered. The data indicate that a broad variance exists in producing food waste among universities, from 0.12 to 50 kg/capita/day. More factors influence the problem (e.g., gender, age, season, consumer behavior), as well as strategies to solve and prevent it (e.g., composting, recycling, new designs of packages, trayless meals, education), and benefits leading toward food waste reductions from 13 to 50%. Also, four priority actions were identified to reduce food waste at universities, and these consist of planning and awareness, food preparation and storage, services, and direct waste reuse. With appropriate adaptations, these recommended actions should be deployed as means for reducing food waste at universities around the world, while expanding learning and education in sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding factors influencing the adoption of preventive behaviors is crucial in pandemic prevention and control. This study employs the social-ecological model to examine the determinants of preventive actions against COVID-19 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data from a household survey were analyzed using a linear regression model. The findings indicate a moderate level of preventive behavior adoption among residents. Interpersonal behavior, community norms, and organizational-level factors are identified as significant predictors, while personal and demographic factors have little influence. These results highlight the need for context-specific health interventions, addressing social and structural aspects, to effectively combat COVID-19 in Addis Ababa and similar low- and middle-income settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes an original contribution to assist in evaluating the condition of power transformers, the main asset of the electrical energy transmission sector. Due to constructive similarity, reactors are also evaluated. Data from the insulating oil moisture of the equipment and the following categorical variables were used: voltage class, installation region (regional), criticality, type, and age of the equipments. The feasibility of applying the methodology stands out, since these categories are technical registration data of transformers and reactors and the water content is an essential characteristic for determining the operational condition of the insulating oil, being one of the measured properties in the physical-chemical tests carried out on the oil. The main contribution presented is the selection of categories with higher weight and categorical variables with higher predictive power to direct maintenance actions. This goal was achieved using the statistical metrics Weight of Evidence (WoE) and Information Value (IV). The methodology was applied to a dataset of nearly 10 thousand samples of oil from 795 power transformers and reactors from the ISA CTEEP park, an electric power utility company in Brazil.

The relevance of this study lies in the need to consider the legal instruments for deterring a nuclear conflict in connection with the crisis of nuclear safety and instability in the current military-political geo-environment. The purpose of this study was to examine international experience in the field of legal consolidation of prohibitive norms of deterrence necessary to prevent nuclear threats. The following general scientific and special methods were employed in the study: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, generalisation, as well as formal legal, legal hermeneutics, logicallegal, comparative legal, and historical-legal methods. The study examined the specialised international legal framework of regulatory documents in the field of nuclear safety, safe operation of nuclear facilities and nuclear deterrence, as well as nuclear deterrence strategies and their development depending on the geopolitical situation. Based on the results of the study, it is determined that the legal regulation of nuclear conflict containment is in the form of prohibitory orders consolidated in the relevant international treaties in the field of nuclear and radiation safety. The study highlighted the main international treaties positioned as legal means of nuclear deterrence. The interaction of "soft" and "hard" law in nuclear and radiation safety agreements was considered, as well as the specific features of consolidating such norms in municipal law. The study provided generalising conclusions in terms of nuclear deterrence strategies, specifically, a vision of a new concept in this area, based on technological superiority in non-nuclear means of repelling nuclear strikes and massive precision non-nuclear retaliatory strikes. It was also concluded that attention should be paid to the development of a new international treaty that would combine all the rules prohibiting the use of nuclear energy for military purposes, as well as the rules governing nuclear and radiation safety as integral components of global nuclear security. The practical significance of this study is that its materials can be used for further development of the concepts of non-nuclear or legal nuclear deterrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study contributes with novel findings of the association between managers' attitudes towards subordinates with common mental disorders CMD), self-confidence in supporting these subordinates and managerial preventive actions into the area of CMD at work, today one of the most common reasons for sickness absence in many countries. Objective: To investigate the association among managers' attitudes toward subordinates with common mental disorders (CMDs), self-confidence in supporting these subordinates, and managerial preventive actions (MPAs). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Swedish managers (n = 2988) and two types of MPAs: reviewing assignments and work situation (MPA-review), and talking about CMD at the workplace (MPA-talk). Binary logistic regression models were applied and adjusted for individual and organizational covariates. Results: Managers with negative attitudes toward subordinates with CMD were less likely to have done both MPAs. Managers with higher self-confidence in supporting these subordinates were more likely to have done both MPAs compared with managers with lower self-confidence. Conclusions: Managerial negative attitudes toward CMD and self-confidence in supporting subordinates with CMD have a role in MPAs and should be addressed in manager training programs to encourage preventive actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the procedure for managing inconsistencies using the example of the «personnel training» element, which is part of the «resource management» process using the 8D methodology. The case of identifying the root cause of the problem arising during distance learning for employees of closed-type enterprises has been analyzed, corrective and preventive actions have been developed. The calculation of the performance assessment was carried out and the report form was compiled according to the 8D methodology.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze the accidents at work in the selected manufacturing enterprise from automotive industry. Methodology: The research includes three workplaces: warehouseman, machine operator and transport worker. The accidents investigation was based on the methodology and work accident model developed by the EU Statistical Office (Eurostat) as a part of the European Statistics on Accidents at Work (ESAW) project. This model includes three phases: pre-accident, accident and post-accident. Findings: In the years 2019-21 in the selected workstations there were noted 25 accidents at work (12 accidents in 2019, 8 accidents in 2020 and 5 accidents in 2021). The accidents at work were analyzed taking into consideration: the type of injury and the part of body injured, the physical activity at the time of the accident, an event that is a deviation from normal practice, and causes of the accident. Practical implications: The results of the analysis allow to introduce suitable corrective actions, e.g. 5S method, ‘shoptalks’ about occupational health and safety, suggestion submission program, etc., what influenced the reduction of accidents at work in 2020 and 2021. Originality/value: The use of statistics for accident at work allows to evaluate the safety state in an enterprise. The statistics also allows to formulate various factors that can be used to evaluate accident rates, workstations with a special risk of accident, realization of various comparative analyzes in the area of investigation of accident situations, and corrective actions towards hazards reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anales del Instituto de Actuarios Españoles is the property of Instituto de Actuarios Espanoles and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is devoted to the study of the means and methods of combating terrorism in Russia. The preventive actions of public authorities under the terrorist threat are defined. An attempt was made to work out a program of antiterrorist work among the population, and also formulated tasks in this area of social relations.

The results of surrounding rock pressure measurements from numerous loess tunnels exhibit a butterfly distribution pattern, subsequently referred to as 'butterfly load'. This pattern significantly deviates from the load distribution and magnitude—referred to as 'specification load'—calculated by current Chinese tunnel design specifications. By means of model experimental and numerical simulation, the mechanical behavior, failure cause, failure mechanism and preventive actions of tunnel structure under different load distribution are studied. The experimental results indicate that the ultimate bearing capacity of the tunnel structure under the butterfly load is significantly lower than that under the specification load, with the ultimate bearing capacity decreasing as load unevenness increases. The butterfly load increases the unevenness of the axial force distribution throughout the annular structure and also causes the structure to produce reverse moments in the vault and arch shoulder. Similarly, the morphological characteristics of the cracks show that the butterfly load most significantly influences the tunnel vault and arch shoulder. Under the influence of the butterfly load, the lining structure is prone to developing cracks at the arch shoulder and arch foot positions, with tensile cracks located at the vault position. Aiming at the failure mechanism of tunnel structure under butterfly load, it is suggested to implement advanced small conduit grouting at the tunnel arch to suppress the dislocation of the formation and to lay root piles at the arch foot to improve the bearing capacity of the tunnel bottom. The prevention effect of this technology in different loess regions is sandy loess > general loess > clay loess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistence and dropout are two sides of the same coin. Together with personal and social factors, associated with the quality of teaching provided by universities determine students' ability to persist in achieving their academic degree or, on the contrary, to drop out of university studies. Our working hypothesis is that the impact on improving the quality of teaching by considering neurodidactic factors, which are currently being researched and experimented with, can improve the overall persistence rate by reducing the dropout rate. In this preliminary study, we intend to make a first approach to the phenomenon of academic failure in Andalusian universities from the prediction and diagnosis of risk groups and the recommendation of preventive measures. Among the measures we proposed for prevention, highlighting those that have an impact on neurodidactic factors. Our work consisted of applying an instrument to diagnose the risk of dropping out of university studies to a sample of first-year university students in Andalusian universities. The instrument was applied at the beginning of the second semester. Of the 976 students surveyed, we have established a risk group of 34 students. We will propose measures oriented towards the neurodidactics factors that predict dropout and calling for the use of ICT in the implementation of preventive measures.

This article addresses the relationship between environmental law and insolvent companies. The author will analyze the incidence of preventive measures in current national legislation and will identify its applicability in regards to insolvency proceedings. The article is structured in two parts. The first part aims to define and identify the particularities of preventive measures under environmental law as well as the environmental liability of companies, followed by the second part that highlights the obligations that insolvent companies have in order to prevent environmental damage by linking the provisions of Law No. 85/2014 on insolvency prevention and insolvency procedures with the provisions of the Government Emergency Ordinance No. 68/2007 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and repair of environmental damage.

Introduction In December 2019, an epidemic of infections caused by a new beta-coronavirus called SARS CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Corona-2) broke out in the Chinese city of Wuhan. According to modern taxonomy, the species SARS Cov-2 belongs to the order – Nidovirales, family – Coronaviridae, subfamily – Coronavirinae, Genus – Betacoronavirus, lineage – Sarbecovirus. The World Health Organization (WHO) named the disease caused by the SARS CoV-2 COVID-19 virus (Coronavirus disease) on 11 February, 2020. On 11 March, 2020, after the epidemic had spread to all continents, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic. SARS CoV-2 virus is transmitted by airborne droplets, as well as through contaminated surfaces and objects. The presence of the virus has been shown in the body fluids of infected people, such as nasal and throat secretions, tears, sputum, stool and blood. The incubation period is 5 to 14 days. Non-specific prophylaxis is important in reducing the number of infections caused by SARS CoV-2 virus. Objective The article describes preventive measures undertaken at the Institute of Rural Medicine in Lublin to prevent COVID-19 infections among patients and staff. Summary Scientists emphasize that among the preventive measures, hand washing and disinfection, social distancing, the use of personal protective equipment, and surface decontamination are particularly important, which was confirmed in practice during the SARS epidemic.

Copyright of Texto Livre / Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia is the property of Revista Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nursing Perspectives / Ošetřovatelské Perspektivy is the property of Silesian University in Opava, Faculty of Public Policies in Opava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of smoking and associated sociodemographic and economic factors as well as students' knowledge about and attitudes towards smoking among university students in Oman. A proportionate random sampling technique recruited 401 students from three universities in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of smoking was 9.0%. Significant differences in gender, place of residence, if participants had received medical advice, years spent at the university, student income/day, family members who smoked, knowledge and attitude scores were identified. Universities in collaboration with health care providers should be leading the development of strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking and to sustain the current knowledge and attitude towards smoking. Gender-specific approaches to smoking interventions need to be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of General Medicine & Health Sciences / Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu is the property of Witold Chodzki Institute of Rural Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Malaria incidence has been steadily declining in Cambodia, where the government is aiming to eliminate malaria by 2025. Successful malaria elimination requires active engagement and participation of communities to recognize malaria symptoms and the development of prompt treatment-seeking behavior for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This study examined malaria knowledge, preventive actions, and treatment-seeking behavior among different groups of ethnic minorities and Khmer in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted in December 2015, targeting 388 mothers with children under 2 years old, who belonged to ten ethnic minority groups or the Khmer group living in 62 rural villages in Ratanakiri. In addition to describing mothers’ knowledge and actions for malaria prevention, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of fever during the most recent pregnancy and among children under two. Results Overall 388 mothers were identified for enrollment into the study of which 377 (97.2%) were included in analyses. The majority of mothers slept under bed nets at home (95.8%) and wore long-sleeved clothes (83.8%) for malaria prevention. However, knowledge of malaria was limited: 44.6% were aware of malaria symptoms, 40.6% knew the malaria transmission route precisely, and 29.2% knew of mosquito breeding places. Staying overnight at a farm hut was significantly associated with having fever during the most recent pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.008, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.215–3.321) and a child having fever (AOR 3.681, 95% CI 1.943–6.972). Mothers’ partaking in a variety of malaria preventive actions was protective against fever in children (AOR 0.292, 95% CI: 0.136–0.650). Among those who had fever during pregnancy, 39.4% did not seek treatment. Conclusion Although the majority of mothers took malaria preventive actions, knowledge of malaria epidemiology and vector ecology and treatment-seeking behavior for fever were limited. Staying overnight at farm huts, regardless of the differences in socio-demographic and socio-cultural characteristics, was strongly associated with fever episodes during pregnancy and childhood. This study indicates the necessity of spreading accurate malaria knowledge, raising awareness of health risks related to agricultural practices, and promoting treatment-seeking behavior among ethnic minorities to strengthen their engagement in malaria elimination.

The respective American Society for Quality (ASQ) Bodies of Knowledge (BoKs) for Certified Quality Engineers (ASQ, 2015a) and Certified Six Sigma Black Belts (ASQ, 2015b) are quite similar; yet anecdotally six sigma black belts are recognized and rewarded more highly than are quality engineers. While qualityengineering work is considered preventive in nature, work performed by six sigma black belts is in the realm of improvement, hence reactive. Thus, a dichotomy exists in that preventive actions, which are less costly, are not rewarded as well as costlier reactive actions. The intent of this research was to confirm or debunk the anecdotal evidence and determine the root causes therefrom. The results confirm the anecdotal evidence and indicate the need for further research. In addition, the results confirm the use of the Kano Model as applicable to the cause for rewarding this dichotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 4 March 2013, when Kenyans participated in national presidential and legislative elections, there was wide-spread concern that the underling grievances that erupted during the 2007 and 2008 post-election violence would remerge. However, the polls were relatively peaceful in comparison. This case study will interrogate how mass atrocities were prevented in 2013 in Kenya, despite the prevalence of risk factors which could spark tensions and fuel violence. This article interrogates the local sources of resilience and inhibitors of atrocity crimes and considers the preventive actions that were undertaken and by whom, with a view to understanding what they achieved. In addition, it will assess the outcomes that were achieved as a result of these preventive actions. Through an evaluation of the preventive actions the article will examine which actions proved to be most effective in affecting the risks dynamics of the country in the short, medium and long-term. Kenya's history of violence and failure to uphold accountability and redress for victims, meant that in 2013, it was significantly prone to the scourge of atrocity crimes. This analysis will draw out a number of key lessons for enhancing the prevention of atrocity crimes in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transmission system operators prepare against threats to system security through preventive actions and the planning of corrective actions. Required actions are determined by performing security analyses according to some reliability management approach and criterion. Probabilistic approaches have been proposed as an alternative to the deterministic N − 1 approach, by using a probabilistically filtered contingency list. This study begins by formally defining system trajectories, as a means of connecting the initiating contingency to the system response, corrective control, and restoration activities. A system trajectory considers the realisation of exogenous variables, as well as a sequence of contingencies and the subsequent system response and control behaviours. Using this definition, it is argued that the system trajectory should be modelled until service and component outages are resolved, rather than only modelling its reaction to the initiating contingency. The authors then propose some simplifying assumptions to achieve a scalable approach to probabilistic real‐time security assessment. To support this argument, contingency‐based and trajectory‐based probabilistic security assessments are compared in terms of their residual risk (the risk associated with future system trajectories that are not modelled). This comparison shows that security assessments based on trajectories allow for previously implicit assumptions on modelling accuracy to be made explicit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As life expectancy increases, the phenomenon of the neglect of elderly persons is becoming increasingly relevant in the fields of both medicine and social care. This work analyses the cases of two subjects whose deaths initially seemed to have been attributable to natural causes. The autopsy findings and the analysis of clinical data, however, were able to establish that neglect had played a determining role in their deaths. These cases highlight the need for healthcare workers to be more alert to the clinical signs of neglect. Finally, in cases of death, the forensic pathologist must conduct a meticulous post-mortem examination to detect the physical signs of neglect and to establish if abuse has been responsible for the death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domestic violence is a phenomenon that can affect every individual regardless of gender, age, education, social and financial situation. Still, there are people who are far more vulnerable than others. The purpose of this article is to outline some basic features of victims of domestic violence. Having a victim's profile, even as a working concept, will greatly facilitate the work of professionals working in this field. Moreover, it will improve not only the socio-pedagogical work but also the preventive activities in this direction. There are countries where domestic violence is directly related to religious and social order. However, globally, it must be recognized and actively countered by supporting victims, and the abusers are subject to the appropriate legal measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Bird-window collisions are a dramatic cause of bird mortality globally. In Latin America, statistics are generally very scarce and/or inaccessible so the frequency of such incidents is still poorly understood. Nevertheless, civilians have applied preventive methods (e.g. adhesive bird-of-prey decals) sparsely but, to our knowledge, no study has evaluated their effectiveness in Brazil. Here, we estimated the mortality rate of bird-window collisions and tested the effectiveness of bird-of-prey decals at preventing such accidents. We undertook daily searches for bird carcasses, presumably resulting from window collisions, near all buildings on a university campus over seven months. Adhesive bird-of-prey decals were then applied to the two buildings with the highest mortality rates and surveys continued for over 12 more months. The mortality rates before and after the application of decals and between seasons were then compared using Friedman test. We recorded 36 collisions, 29 around the two buildings with the highest collision rates 19 prior and 10 after our intervention with associated collision rates of 0.08 and 0.04 collisions/day. Although mortality was reduced by almost half, this difference was not statistically significant. The Blue-black grassquit, Volatinia jacarina (Linnaeus, 1766), and Ruddy ground dove, Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1810) suffered the highest number of collisions, followed by the Rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis (P. L. Statius Müller, 1776). Our bird-of-prey decals and efforts were insufficient to prevent or dramatically reduce the number of bird-window collisions. Therefore, we recommend that different interventions be used and additional long-term studies undertaken on their efficacy.

The author analyzes the mechanisms of terrorist activity and its causes. He also brings closer the methods of counteracting and fighting terrorism used by the international community within the UN over time and in the light of international events. The paper lists the tools and legal instruments aimed at protecting human rights in the context of terrorism and in prevention of terrorist attacks.

Electrical insulation performance of compressed gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is adversely affected by metallic particle contaminants with a loss of up to 90% of the gas dielectric strength. Such particles play a crucial role in determining the system insulation integrity. Coating of the inside surface of GIS enclosures with a dielectric material such as epoxy resin can alleviate the adverse effect of contaminating metallic particles on the insulation, as the coated electrodes in compressed gas result in a somewhat higher breakdown voltage. Such coatings have the effect of "smoothing" the surface and reducing the pre-breakdown current in the gas gap. Also, in the presence of metallic particles, the electrostatic particle charging is impeded; hence, the maximum particle excursion in a coaxial GIS is significantly reduced for a given applied AC voltage. In this paper, the effect of the dielectric coatings is analyzed with a theoretical model which is confirmed in the high-voltage experiments. The results show the effectiveness of dielectric coating in mitigating the contamination due to the particles. The influence of other factors such as gas pressure and particle size are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Forschungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde is the property of Romanian Academy Publishing House / Editura Academiei Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The use of central catheters in intensive care is essential, but exposes the patient to the risk of a bloodstream infection. Although there is evidence to improve the care for these patients, there is a gap between knowledge and healthcare practices. This study was designed to describe the bundle implementation for central catheters in light of the knowledge translation (KT) conceptual framework in a neonatal unit and assess its impact on care practices with catheters. Methodology: A time-series quasi-experimental study design was conducted in a Brazilian neonatal unit, through 289 non-participant observations of professional practices before and after the implementation of the bundles. Results: The deployment of two bundles was guided through the steps of a careful selection of adopting KT evidence and context-related and investment factors in the facilitation process. The implementation of the bundles was planned by a group manager, mediated by a facilitator, and guided by targets established by professionals. The biggest impact was on the maintenance of catheters; seven of eleven practices improved significantly (p < 0.01). The insertion of catheters showed lesser impact of change, with high adequacy ratios before implementation, but also presented satisfactory adherence to recommendations. Conclusions: This is the first Brazilian study using the KT conceptual framework to develop, implement, and evaluate the impact of central line bundles in a neonatal care environment, detailing the implementation process. It highlights the importance of accountability and staff involvement in all stages of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To identify the most frequent causes of accidents in the construction sector in order to help safety practitioners in the task of prioritizing preventive actions depending on the stage of construction.Methods. Official accident investigation reports are analysed. A causation pattern is identified with the proportion of causes in each of the different possible groups of causes.Results. Significant associations of the types of causes with accident mechanisms and construction stages have been identified.Conclusions. Significant differences have been found in accident causation depending on the mechanism of the accident and the construction stage ongoing. These results should be used to prioritize preventive actions to combat the most likely causes for each accident mechanism and construction stage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Bird-window collisions are a dramatic cause of bird mortality globally. In Latin America, statistics are generally very scarce and/or inaccessible so the frequency of such incidents is still poorly understood. Nevertheless, civilians have applied preventive methods (e.g. adhesive bird-of-prey decals) sparsely but, to our knowledge, no study has evaluated their effectiveness in Brazil. Here, we estimated the mortality rate of bird-window collisions and tested the effectiveness of bird-of-prey decals at preventing such accidents. We undertook daily searches for bird carcasses, presumably resulting from window collisions, near all buildings on a university campus over seven months. Adhesive bird-of-prey decals were then applied to the two buildings with the highest mortality rates and surveys continued for over 12 more months. The mortality rates before and after the application of decals and between seasons were then compared using Friedman test. We recorded 36 collisions, 29 around the two buildings with the highest collision rates 19 prior and 10 after our intervention with associated collision rates of 0.08 and 0.04 collisions/day. Although mortality was reduced by almost half, this difference was not statistically significant. The Blue-black grassquit, Volatinia jacarina (Linnaeus, 1766), and Ruddy ground dove, Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1810) suffered the highest number of collisions, followed by the Rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis (P. L. Statius Müller, 1776). Our bird-of-prey decals and efforts were insufficient to prevent or dramatically reduce the number of bird-window collisions. Therefore, we recommend that different interventions be used and additional longterm studies undertaken on their efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The panel, goaf, roadway and coal pillar are reconstructed in a 3D physical model. • The deformation and failure mechanism of soft rock mining roadways are studied. • The roadway failure process under the influence of mining stress is analyzed. • Corrective actions targeting the key area of failure of mining roadways are proposed. Mining roadways in soft rock are seriously deformed and damaged, which affects the normal production of the mine. Based on the Xin'Shang'Hai No. 1 Coal Mine project, a true 3D physical model test was carried out to obtain the deformation evolution and failure features of the mining roadway. The results show that the strata movement of the panel drives the surrounding rock of the mining roadway to deform toward the center; the net size of the roadway near the longwall face decreases by 48.3%. The convergence of soft rock mining roadways can be divided into four phases, and the average convergence rate of a fast phase is 3.1 times that of a slow phase. The evolution of roadway failure is deformation accumulation → sidewall cracking → lining spalling → coal sidewall breaking → floor heave → bolt (cable) failure → full section deformation. Coal sidewall failure is an important turning point of mining stress-induced roadway failure. The extension of the broken area into the rock leads to the failure of the coal seam between the roof and floor and then induces the overall instability of the roadway. The radial deformation and stress evolution of the mining roadway are analyzed by numerical simulation, and the model test results are verified. The mining roadway in soft rock shows full section convergence characteristics under the stress of mining. Finally, countermeasures are proposed according to the failure mechanism to provide a reference for similar roadways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The structural failures and geohazards of subgrade caused by freeze–thaw erosion in alpine meadow area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are introduced in detail. • The failure mechanisms of the highway subgrade subject to freeze–thaw erosion are elaborated. • The corresponding preventive actions and mitigation measures are proposed for the freeze–thaw failures of subgrade under different geological environments. • Research results show that the mitigation measures worked effectively. Freeze-thaw erosion is widely distributed in China, where the difference of natural conditions brings a series of characteristics for different regions. The alpine meadow area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has a special climate, geography, and hydrogeology environment, with multiple road frost heaves and frost boiling failures, which seriously threaten the highway constructions in the QTP. This study summarizes the freeze–thaw geology of the southeastern QTP. For the highway constructions in the frozen soil areas, multiple problems such as frost heave, thawing settlement, freeze–thaw weathering, and pavement cracks and highway operation and management issues may rise as a result of the activity of the freeze–thaw geology, which damages the subgrade structure. To prevent the occurrence of possible hazards and reduce hazards and risks, this study discusses a series of countermeasures and suggestions. A case history is referred to, specifically the Budongquan highway in the QTP, where the study section is conducted, to evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted treatment measures. The results show that these treatment measures effectively prevent the surface water from infiltrating into the subgrade in the rainy season, block the migration of groundwater to the upper subgrade during the freezing season, and discharge the water accumulated in the subgrade as soon as possible after thawing. Thus, this study further understanding of the long-term durability and stability of subgrade, and provide useful information for the structure design of the highway subgrade in cold regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food waste is a serious problem, which undermines the achievement of many sustainable development goals (SDGs), despite their consideration in the agendas of many countries and companies. Notoriously, food waste (FW) causes different kinds of pollution that affect public health and social justice, while contributing to economic losses. This waste phenomenon has causes, drivers, and impacts that require rigorous assessments and effective approaches to mitigate its noxious effects, which are a serious concern for universities. Within these institutions, reducing food waste becomes a circular economy strategy, which is being utilized to assist in promoting sustainable development. However, there is a need for urgent attention to the specific causes of food waste and for consistent actions to reduce it, while boosting awareness in the campus community and triggering a change in students' eating habits. The purpose of this study is to analyze what can be done to reduce the levels of food waste at universities. To achieve this, a review of the theme's state of the art, which is inclusive of an overview of food waste production at universities around the world, is presented. The study employed a qualitative methodology where a comprehensive review of the literature and case studies analyses from selected world regions were considered. The data indicate that a broad variance exists in producing food waste among universities, from 0.12 to 50 kg/capita/day. More factors influence the problem (e.g., gender, age, season, consumer behavior), as well as strategies to solve and prevent it (e.g., composting, recycling, new designs of packages, trayless meals, education), and benefits leading toward food waste reductions from 13 to 50%. Also, four priority actions were identified to reduce food waste at universities, and these consist of planning and awareness, food preparation and storage, services, and direct waste reuse. With appropriate adaptations, these recommended actions should be deployed as means for reducing food waste at universities around the world, while expanding learning and education in sustainability., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)