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It aimed to analyze the value of deep learning algorithm combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the risk diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). Based on the deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture residual network with 101 layers (ResNet-101), spatial attention and channel attention modules were introduced to optimize the model. A retrospective collection of MRI image data from 210 EC patients was used for model segmentation and reconstruction, with 140 cases as the test set and 70 cases as the validation set. The performance was compared with traditional ResNet-101 model, ResNet-101 model based on spatial attention mechanism (SA-ResNet-101), and ResNet-101 model based on channel attention mechanism (CA-ResNet-101), using accuracy (AC), precision (PR), recall (RE), and F1 score as evaluation metrics. Among the 70 cases in the validation set, there were 45 cases of low-risk EC and 25 cases of high-risk EC. Using ROC curve analysis, it was found that the area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of high-risk EC of the proposed model in this article (0.918) was visibly larger as against traditional ResNet-101 (0.613), SA-ResNet-101 (0.760), and CA-ResNet-101 models (0.758). The AC, PR, RE, and F1 values of the proposed model for the diagnosis of EC risk were visibly higher (P < 0.05). In the validation set, postoperative recurrence occurred in 13 cases and did not occur in 57 cases. Using ROC curve analysis, it was found that the AUC for postoperative recurrence prediction of the patients by the proposed model (0.926) was visibly larger as against traditional ResNet-101 (0.620), SA-ResNet-101 (0.729), and CA-ResNet-101 models (0.767). The AC, PR, RE, and F1 values of the proposed model for postoperative recurrence prediction were visibly higher (P < 0.05). The proposed model in this article, assisted by MRI, presented superior performance in diagnosing high-risk EC patients, with higher sensitivity (Sen) and specificity (Spe), and also demonstrated excellent predictive AC in postoperative recurrence prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Not all eligible breast cancer (BC) patients could afford the expensive test of 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological factors associated with high-risk RS and examine whether these factors correlate with the benefit of chemotherapy. Research design and methods: Patients diagnosed with early-stage BC, node-negative, and estrogen receptor-positive disease were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Oncotype DX database. Result: We included 74,605 patients. Those with higher grade (p < 0.001) and progesterone receptor-negative (PR Neg) (p < 0.001) had the highest odds of a high-risk RS. Among them, 3.2%, 10.1%, 39.1%, 18.6%, 41.6%, and 80.1% had high-risk RS tumors in PR-positive (PR Pos)/well-differentiated (G1), PR Pos/moderately differentiated (G2), PR Pos/poorly and/or undifferentiated (G3), PR Neg/G1, PR Neg/G2, and PR Neg/G3 groups, respectively. Receipt of chemotherapy was associated with improved breast cancer-specific survival (p = 0.010) and overall survival (p < 0.001) in high-risk RS cohort. However, there were no survival benefits from chemotherapy in patients with PR Neg/G3 disease and other groups after stratification by grade and PR status (all p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: Our study aids in refining patient selection for the RS testing, which is crucial given its economic implications. However, 21-gene RS remains pivotal for treatment decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Indian women, with a mortality rate of 12.7 per 100,000 women and an age adjusted incidence of up to 25.8 per 100,000 women. The breast cancer projection for India in 2020 predicts a potential occurrence of up to 1,797,900 cases. (1) Breast cancer incidence peaks in the 40–50 years age group in Indian women. Most of these cancers are HER2 positive and ER/PR negative, or triple negative, with poor prognosis.(2)In developing nations, the majority of breast cancer cases are detected at an advanced stage, and 50% of patients undergoing certain treatments have locally advanced breast cancer (3) The current methods of treatment consist of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Hormone treatment is determined by the tumor tissue's hormone receptor (ER, PR) status. The objective of this study is to establish a relationship between expression of conventional hormone receptors and HER-2/neu status and GATA 3 expression. this study also aims to find associations if any between GATA 3 expression and AJCC 8th edition prognostic staging. Methods This prospective study included 30 locally advanced breast cancer patients admitted to KR Hospital Mysuru (Mysore) from September 2022 to March 2024. Age, gender, lump duration, parity, and clinical stage were recorded, BIRADS score, pathological type, stage, grade, ER, PR, and HER2/Neu status were determined. The AJCC 8th edition breast carcinoma staging guidelines were used for clinical, pathological, and prognostic staging. Postoperative histopathological Parafin blocks were stained with GATA 3 on microarray slides. Data was tabulated and coded in Microsoft® Excel before IBM® SPSS ver18.0 statistical analysis. Results This study examined 30 clinical/pathological locally advanced breast cancer cases, focusing on GATA 3 expression and its relationship with prognostic factors and hormone receptors. The majority of patients were women (96.7%). They were 46–60 years old and 37% had clinical stage 3B. 86% had invasive ductal carcinoma and 84% were moderately to poorly differentiated. About 50% of patients were HER2 positive, while 80% were ER and PR positive. GATA 3 expression was measured using immunohistochemistry, resulting in a mean score of 17.4 ± 12.048. ER-positive tumors had significantly higher GATA 3 scores (19.8 ± 11.4) compared to ER-negative tumors (5.2 ± 7.3), with a significant correlation (p = 0.012). GATA 3 predicted ER status with 76.7% accuracy and 75% to 99.8% sensitivity. The relationship between GATA 3 positivity and PR status was not significant (p = 0.141). A significant correlation (p=0.011) showed higher GATA 3 scores for PR-positive. GATA 3 scores were higher in HER2-positive tumors (22.1 ± 10.6) compared to HER2-negative tumors (13.3 ± 12.5), but the correlation was weaker (p = 0.044). The GATA 3 scores did not vary with clinical or pathological stages, suggesting they may not be reliable indicators. Further research is needed on these findings. Conclusion The study demonstrates that GATA 3 expression is significantly associated with ER and PR status, making it a valuable marker for these receptors. However, GATA 3's role in predicting clinical or pathological stages is less clear, as it does not show strong correlations with these prognostic factors. The high sensitivity of GATA 3 for ER status suggests it could be a useful tool in identifying ER-positive tumors. The findings also highlight the need for further research to explore the potential role of GATA 3 in HER2-positive tumors and its overall utility in breast cancer prognosis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: In this study, we validate the use of Nottingham Prognostic x (NPx), consisting of tumour size, tumour grade, progesterone receptor (PR) and Ki67 in luminal BC. Materials and methods: Two large cohorts of luminal early‐stage BC (n = 2864) were included. PR and Ki67 expression were assessed using full‐face resection samples using immunohistochemistry. NPx was calculated and correlated with clinical variables and outcome, together with Oncotype DX recurrence score (RS), that is frequently used as a risk stratifier in luminal BC. Results: In the whole cohort, 38% of patients were classified as high risk using NPx which showed significant association with parameters characteristics of aggressive tumour behaviour and shorter survival (P < 0.0001). NPx classified the moderate Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) risk group (n = 1812) into two distinct prognostic subgroups. Of the 82% low‐risk group, only 3.8% developed events. Contrasting this, 14% of the high‐risk patients developed events during follow‐up. A strong association was observed between NPx and Oncotype Dx RS (P < 0.0001), where 66% of patients with intermediate risk RS who had subsequent distant metastases also had a high‐risk NPx. Conclusion: NPx is a reliable prognostic index in patients with luminal early‐stage BC, and in selected patients may be used to guide adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract It aimed to analyze the value of deep learning algorithm combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the risk diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). Based on the deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture residual network with 101 layers (ResNet-101), spatial attention and channel attention modules were introduced to optimize the model. A retrospective collection of MRI image data from 210 EC patients was used for model segmentation and reconstruction, with 140 cases as the test set and 70 cases as the validation set. The performance was compared with traditional ResNet-101 model, ResNet-101 model based on spatial attention mechanism (SA-ResNet-101), and ResNet-101 model based on channel attention mechanism (CA-ResNet-101), using accuracy (AC), precision (PR), recall (RE), and F1 score as evaluation metrics. Among the 70 cases in the validation set, there were 45 cases of low-risk EC and 25 cases of high-risk EC. Using ROC curve analysis, it was found that the area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of high-risk EC of the proposed model in this article (0.918) was visibly larger as against traditional ResNet-101 (0.613), SA-ResNet-101 (0.760), and CA-ResNet-101 models (0.758). The AC, PR, RE, and F1 values of the proposed model for the diagnosis of EC risk were visibly higher (P

In the basis of a special area of genre PRology as a branch of the science of public relations the authors put the criterion of the diversity of PR-information in multi-channel public communication via new media. As a subject of genre PRology, the authors consider convergence of information formats of a PR text in a multi-channel PR. In the genre revision of PR communication in social media, the genre transformations of PR texts are influenced by the following factors: 1) technological, 2) intentional, 3) structural. Technologically, PR texts functioning in the space of social networks are characterized by 1) a polycode structure, which implies the equivalence of verbal and non-verbal levels of meaning; 2) the transgressive nature of the publication, which determines the animation of the message and its transgression (movement) in the digital space. PR texts are multi-intentional in nature. Structurally, PR texts in social networks undergo three types of convergence: 1) structural or presentational, 2) discursive, and 3) genre. Structural, or presentational, convergence of PR texts in social media is associated with the allocation in the post structure of the presentation (the actual text and iconic materials) and the reaction (readers’ comments). Discourse convergence of PR-text is associated with 1) diffusion of institutional and intentional types of discourse, 2) inter-institutional discursive interaction (PR and advertising). Genre convergence of PR-texts is a genre symbiosis of three types – convergence of primary and secondary speech genres, convergence of primary simple genres of PR-text, and intermedial convergence.

Objectives. The purpose of this scientific report is to research and present the results and analyses of a representative scientific study regarding effective communication forms of management in the health sector in Bulgaria. The research was conducted by the Gallup International Balkan team, at the request of Doncheva Yankov, PhD. An author survey was used for the purposes of the research. Material and methods. The method of conduct is "face-to-face" with tablets. The research is representative, the sample is 807 adult Bulgarians. The measurement of the results is based on the "Gallup International Balkan" method. The detailed analysis is authored by the creator of the present scientific work. Results. Among retirees and the unemployed, more effective health communication practices would be classic PR (public relations) approaches. Conventional PR methods would be more relevant for ethnic groups of Roma and Turks, while digital communication forms of management would work better for Bulgarians. General practitioners are the most preferred source of health information, followed by relatives, acquaintances, and neighbors, followed by an online search engine, then TV (television), social network groups and others. Brand awareness is found to be more important than the potential impact of a healthcare company's website and social media. Google ads arouse more trust among younger people, and Google reviews appear to be more important for people with a more favorable life horizon. Conclusions. Considering the obtained results, we can conclude that effective communication in the health sector can be implemented through hybrid approaches in health PR

Simple Summary: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide, based on the number of new cases and deaths. Unfortunately, the low selectivity of action and the rapid development of multiple drug resistances remain the main disadvantages of anticancer compounds. The search for new agents with pronounced antitumor activity is an urgent task in modern biology and medicine. We focused on the investigation of the antitumor potential of novel hybrid pyrrolidinedione–thiazolidinone derivatives. The synthesized derivatives are effective and selective agents that exhibit their antitumor effects in breast carcinoma cells via (1) inhibiting viability, proliferation, and the ability to form colonies; (2) inducing extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways; and (3) decreasing the level of proteins associated with autophagy, invasion, and metastasis. Our results indicate that synthesized derivatives are potential candidates for deeper exploration of their therapeutic efficiency. The development of new, effective agents for the treatment of breast cancer remains a high-priority task in oncology. A strategy of treatment for this pathology depends significantly on the genotype and phenotype of human breast cancer cells. We aimed to investigate the antitumor activity of new pyrrolidinedione–thiazolidinone hybrid molecules Les-6287, Les-6294, and Les-6328 towards different types of human breast cancer cells of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, T-47D, and HCC1954 lines and murine breast cancer 4T1 cells by using the MTT, clonogenic and [3H]-Thymidine incorporation assays, flow cytometry, ELISA, and qPCR. The studied hybrids possessed toxicity towards the mentioned tumor cells, with the IC50 ranging from 1.37 to 21.85 µM. Simultaneously, these derivatives showed low toxicity towards the pseudonormal human breast epithelial cells of the MCF-10A line (IC50 > 93.01 µM). Les-6287 at 1 µM fully inhibited the formation of colonies of the MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HCC1954 cells, while Les-6294 and Les-6328 did that at 2.5 and 5 µM, respectively. Les-6287 suppressed DNA biosynthesis in the MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HCC1954 cells. At the same time, such an effect on the MCF-10A cells was significantly lower. Les-6287 induces apoptosis using extrinsic and intrinsic pathways via a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing the activity of caspases 3/7, 8, 9, and 10 in all immunohistochemically different human breast cancer cells. Les-6287 decreased the concentration of the metastasis- and invasion-related proteins MMP-2, MMP-9, and ICAM-1. It did not induce autophagy in treated cells. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that the synthesized hybrid pyrrolidinedione–thiazolidinones might be promising agents for treating breast tumors of different types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF), evaluates universities and institutions based on key parameters such as "Teaching, Learning, and Resources (TLR)," "Research and Professional Practices (RPP)," "Graduation Outcomes (GO)," "Outreach and Inclusivity (OI)," and "Perception (PR)." The study examines the top 100 Engineering institutes of NIRF 2023, focusing on their major parameter categories and their effectiveness in ranking processes. The study will be useful to the engineering institutes to clearly understand the areas of improvement and to have an action plan for better rankings. Descriptive statistics reveal that among five major categories RPP & PR and in the sub-parameters Financial Resources and their Utilisation (FRU), Footprint of Projects and Professional Practice (FPPP), Metric for Number of Ph. D. Students Graduated (GPHD), and Economically and Socially Challenged Students (ESCS) have the lowest effectiveness among others, indicating their minimal contribution in the total score. Consequently, Institutes must focus on enhancing these parameters to enhance their total score and position in the NIRF rankings. The analysis of histograms and descriptive statistics reveals that 75% of ranked institutions score below 60% in RPP and PR parameters, indicating suboptimal performance in perception and research aspects. The study also highlights the importance of prioritizing efforts to improve RPP and PR scores to enhance the overall performance and rankings of engineering institutions in NIRF, as TLR, GO, and OI show relatively consistent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An assessment was made on the main growth and productivity indicators in half-sibs progeny planta-tions of 18 Robinia pseudoacacia L. clones in the region of Ruse, on (М-I-2 D1 (13)) site, on rich, dry and compacted (Haplic luvisols) grey forest soil, at planting scheme 3.0х1,5 m. The differences in the main inventory indicators, defining the growth and productivity of the progenies of 18 black locust clones, confirm good qualities of the progenies of the Bulgarian clones Pordim-10, Pordim-13, Obretenik-1, Obretenik-6 and Ryahovo-1 and of the Hungarian clones Szajki and Nyirségi. This should be taken into account in the selection of material for establishment of industrial plantations and plantations for bio-mass production, as well as in the choice and performance of tending activities.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, posing a serious threat to women's health. HER2 has been identified as a key oncogene and prognostic factor in breast cancer. Recent studies have reported inconsistencies in ER, PR, and/or HER2 expression between primary breast tumors and metastatic lesions. Rarely is it reported that all three biomarkers experience conversion. In this report, we present the case of a female patient with relapsed and metastatic breast cancer, whose histology transformed from initially triplenegative to Luminal-B type (HER2 positive) (i.e., ER, PR, and HER2 positive). She underwent systematic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and cranial radiotherapy, which was followed by maintenance treatment with targeted and endocrine therapy. Currently, she has been in nearly complete remission (nCR) for more than 12 months. For recurrent and metastatic breast cancer, it is necessary to perform the second biopsy for metastases, which would contribute to precision treatment and prognosis improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The recommended duration for pulmonary rehabilitation stands at a minimum of six weeks; however, this stipulation may pose constraints in various countries due to financial limitations imposed by insurance companies and/or national health funds, as is the case in Poland. Consequently, our study endeavors to analyze the short-term outcomes stemming from a condensed three-week PR regimen administered to patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and the concomitance of these conditions (COPD-A)—this is an approach that is standard in the rehabilitation protocols endorsed by our national health fund. Methods: Patients diagnosed with COPD, asthma, and COPD-A, referred to the PR program, underwent retrospective analysis to evaluate the short-term efficacy of a three-week PR program. Patients underwent comprehensive assessment by respiratory physicians and rehabilitation consultants, leading to individualized PR programs. Clinical evaluations occurred at program onset and completion. Results: 125 patients participated: 37 COPD, 61 asthma, and 27 COPD-A. Significant improvements were observed in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the consensus-based GINA symptom control tool (GINA-SCT), the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the 6-min walk test (6 MWT) distance, as well as in the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores. All groups experienced reduced dyspnea severity and improved exercise tolerance. FEV1 and FVC improved in asthma and COPD-A, but not significantly in COPD. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictive factors for PR response. Conclusions: The study supports the short-term efficacy of the three-week PR program in improving clinical outcomes, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in COPD and asthma patients. Tailoring interventions based on predictors of PR response can optimize outcomes. Further research, particularly of the COPD-A group, is needed for individualized approaches. Larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is increasing evidence supporting a role for HIV-1 envelope in the development of Protease Inhibitor drug resistance, and a recent report from our group suggested that Env mutations co-evolve with Gag-Protease mutations in the pathway to Lopinavir resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of co-evolving Env mutations on virus function and structure. Methods: Co-receptor usage and n-linked glycosylation were investigated using Geno2Pheno as well as tools available at the Los Alamos sequence database. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Amber 18 and analyzed using Cpptraj, and molecular interactions were calculated using the Ring server. Results: The results showed that under Protease Inhibitor drug selection pressure, the envelope gene modulates viral entry by protecting the virus from antibody recognition through the increased length and number of N-glycosylation sites observed in V1/V2 and to some extent V5. Furthermore, gp120 mutations appear to modulate viral entry through a switch to the CXCR4 coreceptor, induced by higher charge in the V3 region and specific mutations at the coreceptor binding sites. In gp41, S534A formed a hydrogen bond with L602 found in the disulfide loop region between the Heptad Repeat 1 and Heptad Repeat 2 domains and could negatively affect the association of gp120-gp41 during viral entry. Lastly, P724Q/S formed both intermolecular and intramolecular interactions with residues within the Kennedy loop, a known epitope. Discussion: In conclusion, the results suggest that mutations in envelope during Protease Inhibitor treatment failure are related to immune escape and that S534A mutants could preferentially use the cell-to-cell route of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim: Breast cancer is a complex disease with variability in clinical manifestation, response to current therapy, and biochemical and histological features among various subgroups. Histologic grading and immunohistochemical evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 proliferation index play a crucial role in increasing the differential diagnostic value among various types of breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of breast tumors from a University Laboratory of Pathology in Greece. Patients and Methods: The study included female patients over 18 years of age, whose histopathological and immunohistochemical reports were stored in the archives of the First Department of Pathology of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The study involved 197 female patients with a median age of 70 years and median tumor size of 2.6 cm. Results: Most tumors were located at the left breast and ductal carcinoma was the most common histologic type (35.5%). Most tumors had histologic grade 2 (106, 53.8%), and were classified as TNM stage IIA (65, 33%). Most grade 1 and 2 tumors exhibited high expression of PR, whereas most grade 3 tumors had no PR expression. Moreover, patients with triple-negative cancer presented with grades 2 and 3 at a lower percentage compared to patients without a triplenegative phenotype (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study provided valuable insights into the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics involved in the development and progression of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is very effective in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for improving exercise tolerance and functional capacity, alleviating dyspnea, and improving respiratory quality of life. Access to and use of PR remain poor. Objectives: To assess the trends in PR use and factors associated with PR use in adults with COPD. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the use of PR in adults with COPD using a 20% Medicare beneficiary population from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019. Adults with COPD were identified by 1) two or more outpatient visits >30 days apart within 1 year with an encounter diagnosis of COPD or 2) hospitalization with COPD as the primary diagnosis or a primary diagnosis of acute respiratory failure with a secondary discharge diagnosis of COPD. PR use in each calendar year was identified using Current Procedural Terminology and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes. Factors associated with PR use were tested in bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: There was a gradual but modest increase in the percentage of patients with COPD using PR; the proportion increased from 2.5% in 2013 to 4.0% in 2019. Overall, the percentage of patients using PR remained low. Factors associated with higher odds of using PR included younger age (66–74 yr), White race, higher socioeconomic status, lower comorbidity score, residence in a metropolitan urban area, and sole or comanagement by a pulmonologist. Conclusions: The use of PR by Medicare beneficiaries with COPD has not changed meaningfully in the past decade and remains low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Textile Industry / Tekstilna Industrija is the property of Union of Textile Engineers & Technicians of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on an official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline for pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in adults with chronic respiratory disease. Topics include the development of the guideline by a multidisciplinary panel, its focus on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), and pulmonary hypertension (PH), and recommendations for PR delivery and maintenance.

This article offers a view on the emerging practice of managing external relations of the modern university, and the role of science communication in this. With a representative sample of research universities in four countries, we seek to broaden our understanding of the science communication (SC) function and its niche within the modern university. We distinguish science communication from corporate communication functions and examine how they distribute across organisational levels. We find that communication functions can be represented along a spectrum of (de)centralisation: public relations and marketing activities are more likely carried out at the central level (central offices), and public affairs and SC activities are more likely carried out at decentral levels (e.g. in specific offices and/or research institutes, departments). This study shows that little attention is paid to science communication at central structures, suggesting that it is not a practice that aligns easily with university corporate communication, yet SC might find its niche increasingly in decentral locations of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The APIS Breast Cancer Subtyping Kit is an mRNA-based assessment of the seven parameters including three biomarkers routinely assessed in all the newly diagnosed breast cancers (BC), oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2 and an additional four genes that create a novel proliferation signature, MKI67, PCNA, CCNA2 and KIF23. Taken together, the data are used to produce a molecular subtype for every sample. The kit was evaluated against the current standard protocol of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or in situ hybridisation (ISH) in breast cancer patients. The data were presented at the weekly breast multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. A total of 98 consecutive cases of pre-operative breast cancer core biopsies and two core biopsies of nodal metastases yielding 100 cases were assessed. IHC and APIS results were available for 100 and 99 cases. ER was concordant in 97% cases, PR was concordant in 89% and HER-2 results were concordant with IHC/ISH in 100% of the cases. Ki-67 IHC was discordant in 3% of cases when compared with MK167 alone but discordant in 24% when compared with the four-gene proliferation signature. In conclusion, our study indicates that the APIS Breast Cancer Subtyping Kit is highly concordant when compared to the results produced for ER/PR/HER-2 by IHC and/or ISH. The assay could play a role in the routine assessment of newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast cancer subtypes based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression have significant implications for prognosis. HER2-positive tumors historically demonstrated poorer survival, but anti-HER2 targeted therapy improved outcomes. However, hormone receptor (HR)-positive patients may experience reduced benefit due to HER2-HR signaling crosstalk. Methods: Data from two databases, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Breast Cancer Data Base (SJTUBCDB) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, were analyzed. Propensity score adjustments were used to balance patient characteristics between ER+/PR+/HER2+ and ER+/PR−/HER2+ subtypes. Kaplan–Meier survival curves estimated disease-free survival (DFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), overall survival (OS) for these subtypes in the SJTUBCDB, while subgroup analyses using multivariable models were performed based on menstruation, pN stage, HER2-targeted therapy, and endocrinotherapy. Results: The ER+/PR+/HER2+ group showed significantly better DFS and BCSS than the ER+/PR−/HER2+ group, particularly in postmenopausal and pN0 stage patients. Survival outcomes were similar after anti-HER2 therapy or endocrine aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy in both groups. However, among patients receiving selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) treatment, those in the ER+/PR−/HER2+ group had a significantly worse prognosis compared to ER+/PR+/HER2+ patients. Conclusions: HER2-positive breast cancers with different HR statuses exhibit distinct clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Patients in the ER+/PR+/HER2+ group generally experience better survival, particularly in postmenopausal and pN0 stage patients. Treatment strategies should consider HR status and specific modalities for better personalized management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most advanced form of public relations is represented by scientifically guided processes of solving organizational problems and change processes. This paper discusses some of the methods used to gather quantitative and qualitative information to define the problematic situation as accurately as possible. The primary purpose of research in public relations, like other business functions, is to reduce uncertainty in decision-making. This paper first examines the place of research in various models of public relations. It then explains the first phase in the PR management process-situation analysis-where research activities are particularly emphasized. The second part of the paper focuses on methods, both formal and informal, commonly used in PR practice.

The article studies the relevance of the problems of emotional intelligence (EI) in the framework of PR-specialist’s career. The article presents concepts of emotional intelligence from the point of understanding specifics of the phenomenon, considers the typology of EI models, and investigates the problem of measuring emotional intelligence and prospects for developing this type of intelligence in PR-specialists. Emotional intelligence is a person’s ability to recognize and understand their own emotions, explain them, and, using the same ability, understand emotional reactions of others. The role of EI in PR-specialist’s career from the point of competence approach to professional activity has been considered. Vacancies content analysis data with employers’ requirements to the PR-specialist position have been compiled, table of references to personal qualities that can be attributed to the EI sphere made, and theoretical analysis of emotional intelligence carried out.

Multi-effect parallel feed desalination system (MED-PF) has emerged as an efficient technology for large-scale seawater desalination. Enhancing the system's performance ratio and incorporation of a thermal vapor compressor (TVC) have proven to be effective in previous studies. Notably, these studies have suggested that the optimal placement for the TVC is within the middle section. The current study explores the impact of a new component, a brine preheater, on the performance of multi-effect desalination system. The hot rejected brine is used to heat the feed seawater for systems with various number of effects. Results demonstrate that utilizing the rejected brine for feed preheating significantly improves the system's performance ratio among other important parameters. Comparative analysis also shows that utilization of heat associated with the rejected brine for feed preheating leads to a reduction in the cost of water produced in the range of 4.55–9.63%. For example, water production cost of 1.87 $/m3 for a 8-effect MED-PF system without brine preheating reduces to 1.69 $/m3 upon preheating the feed without an additional, external energy source. Nevertheless, this approach results in an improvement in the system's performance ratio (PR) in the range of 7.46% to 13.9%. The effect on the total heat transfer surface area (sA) and specific flow rate of cooling water is also taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare earth doping was an effective method to upgrade the gas-sensing performance of sensors based on oxide semiconductors. In this paper, Pr was successfully doped into In 2 O 3 nanomaterials with a facile co-precipitation approach through a hydrothermal strategy. The as-obtained series of Pr doped In 2 O 3 nanocomposites were analyzed by some technical characterization. The gas-sensing tests were performed by using series of Pr/In 2 O 3 nanocomposites as sensitive materials. The results illustrated that the doping of Pr not only reduced the particle size of Pr/In 2 O 3 nanocomposites but also produced more active oxygen on the surface of In 2 O 3 , thus, the responses of Pr/In 2 O 3 -based sensors towards ethanol gas (112.40–50 ppm) were enhanced. A possible mechanism for the improved gas-sensing property of Pr decorated In 2 O 3 sensors was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), sustainable development and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are one of the main strategic trends in public relations (PR). Our research objectives are to identify whether the PR consultancies make their offer of specialized CSR services visible, and to verify their own implication in the issue. Methodology: We have analyzed the websites of 50 communication consultancies that operate in Spain, based on the reference ranking of the magazine El Publicista (2022 edition) and 66 CSR campaigns identified through these websites (43 campaigns developed for their clients and 23 promoted by the agencies themselves). Quantitative and qualitative content analysis has been applied, with the variables analyzed being: type of consultant, CSR services offered, CSR case studies shown, own CSR actions implemented, and professionals specialized in CSR. Results: Results show that there is still a large number of agencies that do not offer CSR specific services (58%) nor do they have specialized professionals in its communication (only 12%). In turn, the 43 CSR case studies developed for their clients prove their growing ability to convince promoters (current and potential clients) about the positive impact of CSR communication on organizational reputation. Discussion: However, the PR sector itself does not demonstrate the same level of implication, given that the implementation of own CSR actions in the industry is still a minority phenomenon (34%, and 23 CSR campaigns), although it is true that it can serve as an incentive for other agencies to follow this path. Conclusions: CSR communication represents an area of PR specialization which, in the case of agencies operating in Spain, means that almost half claim to offer communication services in this field. Although, according to their websites, there are still few professional specialists in this matter within the agencies, and few also the agencies that promote their own CSR actions through this channel (as companies that they themselves are), an offer of specialized communication services mostly linked to the SDGs in the field of health, well-being and environmental protection has been detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The representation of publicists in popular culture appears to have a direct relationship with how publishing sector publicity staff are perceived by their colleagues and peers, having a distinct knock-on effect to work practices and labour conditions. In this article, we explore these perceptions and, through interviews with eight publicists working in publishing houses in Australia, explore how the work of publicity is commonly misrecognised and undervalued. In framing publicists as cultural intermediaries who contribute to the shaping of cultural tastes, we further illuminate the significant gap between the common gendered perceptions of publicists and the realities of their professional practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: The study is devoted to the specifics of applying public relations tools in the promotion of the Republic of Tatarstan as a tourist destination. The features of PR technologies concerning the promotion of the territory are considered. Particular attention is paid to a retrospective analysis of the use of PR in managing the image of a tourist region and the attention of its potential target audience under the influence of macroeconomic, social, and geopolitical changes based on the example of Tatarstan. Objective: This study examines the regulatory and legal aspects of promoting Tatarstan as a tourist destination. It aims to assess the effectiveness of PR strategies within the framework of existing regulations and legal frameworks governing tourism promotion. Methods: The research employs a multifaceted approach, combining a retrospective analysis of macroeconomic, social, and political factors with an assessment of the legal and regulatory environment governing tourism promotion in Tatarstan. Data sources include official reports, statistical data, social network analysis, case studies, and a literature review. Results: Tatarstan has demonstrated success in promoting tourism and adapting its strategies in response to external challenges. Legal and regulatory frameworks have supported these efforts. Key findings include the region's pivot toward domestic tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic, effective engagement with media and digital platforms, and a focus on event tourism. The study also highlights the importance of continuous adaptation to changing circumstances for sustainable tourism promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canine mammary tumour (CMT) is the most common malignancy reported in intact female dogs. The present study is envisaged to classify the CMTs based on the histopathologic type, grade and hormone receptor status. Twenty-five cases of CMTs were taken as the study material. The excisional biopsy samples from all the cases were collected and processed for histopathology and grading of tumours. The immunohistochemical evaluation of oestrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) or human epidermal growth factor type II receptor (HER2) in CMTs was carried out to classify them. Luminal A had the highest number of cases followed by luminal B. One case of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and two cases of HER2 enriched tumours were also noted. All the tumours in HER2 enriched and TNBC were grade 3 with aggressive characters like lymphatic invasion and angiogenesis. The prognosis of the above cases was studied and the data revealed poor prognosis in the HER2 enriched and TNBC compared to luminal A and B. The implementation of targeted therapy in canine mammary tumours based on hormone receptor status may increase the chances of recovery or may prolong the survival period in canine patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 10–20% of diagnosed breast cancers. TNBCs are devoid of common biomarkers such as an estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Research is currently being conducted to determine the androgen receptor's (AR) role in TNBC and determine its ability to be utilized as an effective drug target in the absence of the commonly targeted receptors. Many studies combine anti-androgen drugs with other chemotherapy to decrease tumor growth and proliferation. The further understanding of AR's mechanism in tumor cells can improve drug efficacy as well as the prognoses of patients suffering from TNBC. To assess AR's role in TNBC treatment, various existing and completed clinical trials targeting AR or co-targeting AR with other pertinent signaling molecules were analyzed. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6), cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17 lyase), and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were some of the most prevalent biomarkers used in combination therapy with AR inhibitors in these trials. Studying how AR functions in tandem with these molecules can have increasing breakthroughs in the treatment options for TNBC. Previous studies have been largely unsuccessful in utilizing AR as the sole drug target for systemic targeted treatment in TNBC. However, there is a lack of other commonly used drug target biomarkers in the treatment of this disease, as well. Thus, analyzing the clinical benefit rate (CBR) within clinical trials that use combination therapy can prove to be imperative to the progression of improving treatment options and prognoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Целью исследования стало осмысление специфики стратегической философии жанра PR-биографии на современном этапе его развития. Определена сущность стратегической философии PR-биографии, а также система коммуникативных принципов, лежащих в ее основе. Охарактеризован междисциплинарный фокус PR-биографии современного русского рок-поэта, включающей интенциональные маркеры разных гуманитарных наук, в комплексе ориентированных на продвижение оптимизированного образа-имиджа. Выявлены отличительные особенности и типологические схождения жанра PR-биографии творческой личности и других, генетически родственных биографических жанров. Научная новизна исследования заключается в определении семантики понятия стратегическая философия PR-биографии, выявлении ее цели, а также коммуникативных принципов создания и (ре)презентации. Установлено, что PR-биография современного русского рок-поэта является гипержанром, ее коммуникативная парадигма отличается хронотопической длительностью, а контент оформляется посредством сериальной техники построения композиции.

IntroductionThere is increasing evidence supporting a role for HIV-1 envelope in the development of Protease Inhibitor drug resistance, and a recent report from our group suggested that Env mutations co-evolve with Gag-Protease mutations in the pathway to Lopinavir resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of co-evolving Env mutations on virus function and structure.MethodsCo-receptor usage and n-linked glycosylation were investigated using Geno2Pheno as well as tools available at the Los Alamos sequence database. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Amber 18 and analyzed using Cpptraj, and molecular interactions were calculated using the Ring server.ResultsThe results showed that under Protease Inhibitor drug selection pressure, the envelope gene modulates viral entry by protecting the virus from antibody recognition through the increased length and number of N-glycosylation sites observed in V1/V2 and to some extent V5. Furthermore, gp120 mutations appear to modulate viral entry through a switch to the CXCR4 coreceptor, induced by higher charge in the V3 region and specific mutations at the coreceptor binding sites. In gp41, S534A formed a hydrogen bond with L602 found in the disulfide loop region between the Heptad Repeat 1 and Heptad Repeat 2 domains and could negatively affect the association of gp120-gp41 during viral entry. Lastly, P724Q/S formed both intermolecular and intramolecular interactions with residues within the Kennedy loop, a known epitope.DiscussionIn conclusion, the results suggest that mutations in envelope during Protease Inhibitor treatment failure are related to immune escape and that S534A mutants could preferentially use the cell-to-cell route of infection.

Целью исследования стал компаративистский анализ жанровых характеристик биографии и PR-биографии рок-поэта. Определен генезис и специфика создания жизнеописательных жанров, ориентированных на фиксацию биографического факта о современном белорусском рок-поэте. Выявлено поликодовое своеобразие PR-текстов предбиографического характера, представленных в интернет-среде. Научная новизна исследования заключается в том, что впервые определяются типологические схождения и отличительные особенности биографии и PR-биографии рок-поэта. Установлено, что PR-биография – это жизнеописательно-медийно-художественный гипертекст с экзистенциально-виртуальным типом коммуникативных отношений и установкой на имиджевый «оптимизм».

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) survivors experience an increased burden of long-term comorbidities, including heart failure (HF). However, there is limited understanding of the risk for the development of HF subtypes, such as HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), in BC survivors.ObjectivesThis study sought to estimate the incidence of HFpEF and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in postmenopausal BC survivors and to identify lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors associated with HF subtypes.MethodsWithin the Women's Health Initiative, participants with an adjudicated diagnosis of invasive BC were followed to determine the incidence of hospitalized HF, for which adjudication procedures determined left ventricular ejection fraction. We calculated cumulative incidences of HF, HFpEF, and HFrEF. We estimated HRs for risk factors in relation to HF, HFpEF, and HFrEF using Cox proportional hazards survival models.ResultsIn 2,272 BC survivors (28.6% Black and 64.9% White), the cumulative incidences of hospitalized HFpEF and HFrEF were 6.68% and 3.96%, respectively, over a median of 7.2 years (IQR: 3.6-12.3 years). For HFpEF, prior myocardial infarction (HR: 2.83; 95% CI: 1.28-6.28), greater waist circumference (HR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.14-3.49), and smoking history (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.01-2.67) were the strongest risk factors in multivariable models. With the exception of waist circumference, similar patterns were observed for HFrEF, although none were significant. In relation to those without HF, the risk of overall mortality in BC survivors with hospitalized HFpEF was 5.65 (95% CI: 4.11-7.76), and in those with hospitalized HFrEF, it was 3.77 (95% CI: 2.51-5.66).ConclusionsIn this population of older, racially diverse BC survivors, the incidence of HFpEF, as defined by HF hospitalizations, was higher than HFrEF. HF was also associated with an increased mortality risk. Risk factors for HF were largely similar to the general population with the exception of prior myocardial infarction for HFpEF. Notably, both waist circumference and smoking represent potentially modifiable factors.