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Organic agriculture, as a holistic system, aims to maximize the productivity of agricultural sector by integrating tradition, innovation and science, helping to improve the quality of agrifood products reaching the market. One of the most rapidly evolving sectors in the EU is the organic manufacturing industry. Due to the increased interest of consumers it has had a significant increase in the last decade. This paper offers a detailed perspective on organic agriculture in Romania in the context of current European development. We present essential information about the organic sector, current legislation and market data, at national and European level. Official data show that organic agriculture has registered an increase in plant and animal production in recent years in Romania. Although it represents a small part of the cultivated area and total production, organic agriculture is attracting attention due to the principles of sustainable development and the associated economic opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through his poetry, Codruț Gabriel CANTEA (first year cadet, CBRN Defense at the "Nicolae Bțlcescu" Land Forces Academy of Sibiu) checks the pulse of today's world and being. His verses denote the understanding of the world as a living organism, not just in its anatomy, but also in its physiology. The poetic deliveries in homeopathic doses are intended for the soul and mental genome and are related to his readers. Because he knows that one writes and reads in order to preserve the human essence. Creator of lyrical universe, with the poetic grace conceived in blood, he concentrates, in internal combustions, as well as in initiatory, catalytic utterances - experiences, views and existential guidance. And he traces poetic interior and exterior territories in which he settles (and settles his readers as well) empathetically and comprehensively with regard to the course of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is a better organization of mechanical work in agriculture, taking into account the following aspects: selection and using the methods and the optimal work procedures which ensures obtaining the production quantities with minimal expenses. The second aspect, is the assembly of all works and operations within the cycle of agricultural production in such succession and correlation to be able to ensure optimization of the production processes. Due to the appearance of agricultural machines with superior technology the possibility of increasing agricultural production was created and reducing its cost. A primary objective of modern agriculture is the intensive development of agricultural production, as an essential condition for obtaining the highest possible productions per surface unit and with the lowest possible expenses per product unit. Experimental studies on grain harvesting combines were carried out under working conditions, during wheat harvesting, on a number of 3 self-propelled combines, from a harvested formation on the territory of Moșnița. The three types of combines harvester for which measurements and determinations were made, was: 1. CLAAS-98SL MAXI combine: engine-160 CP/2100 rot/min, working width 5 meters; 2. MDW-525 STS combine: engine-268 CP/2170 rot/min, working width 7 meters; 3. John Deere-Hydro 4-1174 S combine : engine150 CP/2100 rot/min, working width  7 meters. The three combines harvested in the same formation under identical working conditions, having identical technological settings. The mechanism operation of the connecting rod-crank type sieves gives them a plane-parallel motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to set up a successful rapeseed culture, farmers should take into account, since the preparation of the germination bed, some essential technological elements that make the difference most often between a successful culture and one that has not survived. Of these specific elements, we need to mention crop rotation, land preparation, sowing, fertilising, and rolling. The study was carried out at the farm “I.I. Marincu Răzvan” on an area of 100 ha in the village of Icloda, commune of Sacoșu Turcesc, Timiș County, Romania. In 2021-2022, four cultures were set up: rapeseed, wheat, sunflower, and maize. Rapeseed was cultivated on an area of 17 ha using as working technology ploughing, discing, drilling, and sowing. The purpose was to obtain a good plant emergence and a good harvest. In order to obtain a good production, the seed used to set up rapeseed cultures should be certified, with a physical purity of at least 98% and a germination of more than 85%. All the seed used for this purpose should be treated with both fungicides and insecticides. It is necessary to take into account the deviations that appear in some years compared to the multiannual mean both in terms of temperature and rainfall, but especially compared to their distribution during vegetation periods. These deviations can be corrected by appropriate cultivation technology measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was applied for the evaluation of specific patterns for six different essential oils obtained from aromatic plants (thyme, oregano, tea tree) or common spices (clove, cinnamon, juniper). The spectral fingerprints were recorded using a Shimadzu IR Prestige-21 spectrometer in the middle infrared region (3500-650 cm-1) before and after thermal oxidation in hot air. In parallel, the peroxide index, cis-trans isomerization and lipoperoxidation were evaluated to determine their oxidative stability. Each oil showed specific FTIR spectra, especially in the fingerprint region (1650-650 cm-1), in good agreement with our previous GC-MS analysis of the same samples. The spectral patterns in this region were also correlated with their oxidative stability, chemically determined. The spectral data were processed by multivariate analysis (Metaboanalyst 5.0 software) and the discriminatory analysis helped to identify each oil pattern. This study combined the capability of ATR-FTIR-MIR spectroscopy to realize a pattern recognition of essential oils as a rapid and non-destructive method, as well the oxidative modifications, easier than chemical routine tests. This study contributes to the control of quality, authenticity, and safety of essential oils and can be extended to other extracts, used as additives or ingredients in food or cosmetic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The additive manufacturing known also as "3D printing" or "rapid prototyping" is a present manufacturing method (compared to classic manufacturing methods) where layers of material are deposited at a time (successively) until a finished product is obtained. Depending on the phenomenon, material (in solid, liquid or powder state) used by the 3D printing equipment, a solid part, can be achieved using processes as: binder jetting, extrusion, material jetting, direct energy, vat photo-polymerization and powder bed fusion. In the present paper, we have summarized some knowledge regarding the 3D printing technologies, fused deposition modeling (FDM) prototyping method, and different types of test regarding PLA material properties (tensile test, flexural test). The FDM technology has registered benefits as cost, product quality, functionality and manufacturing time, continuously optimized and adopted by more and more companies, research institutes and consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]