Search

The degradation of cell wall polysaccharides in pineapple fruit during softening was investigated in the present study. Two pectin fractions and two hemicellulose fractions were extracted from the cell wall materials of 'Comte de Paris' pineapple fruit at five softening stages, and their compositional changes were subsequently analyzed. The process of softening of the fruit corresponded to an increase in the water-soluble pectin (WSP) and 1 M KOH-soluble hemicellulose (HC1) fractions, and a decrease in the acid-soluble pectin (ASP) fraction, which suggested the solubilization and conversion of cellular wall components. However, the content of 4 M KOH-soluble hemicellulose (HC2) decreased and then returned to the initial level. Furthermore, WSP, ASP, and HC1 showed an increment in the content of low molecular weight polymers while a decline in the high molecular weight polymers throughout softening, and not significant change in the contents of different molecular polymers of HC2 was observed. Moreover, the galacturonic acid (GalA) content in the main chain of WSP was maintained at a relatively constant level, but the major branch monosaccharide galactose (Gal) in WSP decreased. Different from WSP, the molar percentages of Gal and GalA in ASP decreased. The Gal or Arabinose (Ara) in HC1 exhibited a gradual decline while the molar percentages of xylose (Xyl) and glucose (Glu) in the main chain increased. These suggested that the main chain of ASP degraded while the branched chains of ASP, WSP and HC1 depolymerized during pineapple softening. Overall, fruit softening of 'Comte de Paris' pineapple was found to be the result of differential modification of pectin and hemicellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, pineapple peel (PAP) was successfully modified into a novel magnetic biochar (M–BCPAP) by co-precipitating it with iron magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) for amoxicillin removal from aqueous solutions. Characterization of the synthesized M-BCPAP was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Brunauer – Emmett – Teller (BET) surface analysis. The suitability of the adsorption of Amoxicillin (AMX) on M-BCPAP with Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherm models was investigated and it was determined that the isotherm with the best fitness with adsorption was the Langmuir isotherm (R2=0.9998), which suggests single-layer adsorption. A maximum adsorption capacity of 18.6 mg/g was obtained with Langmuir isotherm. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model had a better fit with the best correlation to the kinetic data. Various adsorption parameters such as pH (2–6), initial AMX concentration (10–100 mg/L), amount of adsorbent (50–125 mg) and adsorption time (10–180 min) were investigated in the adsorption of AMX on M-BCPAP. As a result, the obtained data show that the synthesized magnetic biochar is a highly effective and low-cost, environmentally friendly alternative adsorbent in the removal of amoxicillin from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) currently has emerged as a potential biopolymer that can be used for various industrial applications. However, the major concern is the limitation of the bacteria used for BNC production on a larger scale. This study aimed to isolate and identify potential nanocellulose-producing bacteria from pineapple wastes. In this study, 11 isolates were screened and the F1 isolate, which produced the highest BNC yield was chosen for 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on the 16S rRNA analysis, Comamonas terrae YSZ sp. (OQ592726.1) was the best BNC producer with 1.68 ± 0.19 g/L yield. The physicochemical characteristics from FESEM analysis revealed that C. terrae YSZ sp. produced amorphous BNC, with fewer nanofibrils. The XRD analysis showed that the BNC produced had a 19.3% of crystallinity index. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work reporting the isolation of C. terrae YSZ sp. from pineapple wastes with more amorphous regions providing an interesting alternative for heavy metal removal potentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work was focused on the manufacturing of strawboard from agricultural waste like wheat straw (WS) and rice straw (RS) as natural resources of fibre by a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Pineapple crown waste (PCW) fibre was used to replace the binder chemicals that are being used in the strawboard manufacturing industries to improve their quality in terms of mechanical strength properties. The strawboard with admirable properties like 4.74 mN·m2/g tear index, 14.96 N·m/g tensile indexes, 1526 m breaking length, 8.87 burst factor, and 20.3 stiffness factor was developed by adding 40% of PCW with 60% of WS pulp which was prepared by hydrothermal treatment of the material at 165 °C followed by the refiner mechanical pulping of the material. In addition to that, blending 60% RS with the same quantity of PCW pulp could develop strawboard with similar properties as that of wheat straw, which met the grade A and grade B strawboard required specifications as per Indian Standard: 2647–1967. The step towards utilizing agricultural waste to develop chemical-free strawboard not only minimizes the dumping of waste into the open field but also reduced the chemical utilization by the strawboard manufacturing industries, with PCW fibre that has been measured about 43% and 48% longer than WS and RS fibre, these could be the main reasons for developing such kind of strawboard with high mechanical properties. The fibre quality (morphology, crystallinity, and functional groups) of the different materials used was verified by different characterization techniques, such as FE-SEM, XRD, and FTIR-ATR analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cetoniidae (Coleoptera), known as flower and fruit beetles, form a diverse group, feed on nectar, pollen, plant exudates, and are highly attracted to fermented fruits. To evaluate their diversity in natural and agricultural areas, traps baited with fermented fruits are used. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various types of fruit used as bait, with or without the addition of sugarcane juice to accelerate fruit fermentation, on the assessment of Cetoniidae diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado. The study was conducted in two conservation units in Brasília (DF, Brazil). Two experiments were conducted, the first aiming to select the most attractive fruits (banana, pineapple, mango, grape, or cagaita), and the second to verify whether there is interference of sugarcane juice in the fruit fermentation process and, consequently, in the attractiveness to Cetoniidae. The chemical profiles of the types of bait were evaluated by identifying and quantifying the main volatile organic compounds released by the fruit traps. Insect collections were conducted weekly using fruit‐baited traps for 1 month, without interruption. We found that the diversity estimate of Cetoniidae was higher for banana‐based baits relative to grape and cagaita fruit, but not relative to pineapple, mango, and sugarcane juice. Additionally, no increase in attractiveness was observed with the addition of sugarcane juice to banana, pineapple, and mango bait. Most compounds in the fruit extracts belong to alcohol, ester, and terpene functional groups. Our results suggest that banana, pineapple, mango, and sugarcane juice, used alone, may be used for Cetoniidae diversity studies, and that banana bait seems to be the most suitable for Cetoniidae collection in the Cerrado, because it enables the collection of a high diversity of species and also of species considered rare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pineapple has strong adaptability to acidic soil and has become a significant economic fruit crop in the tropics and subtropics. The multidrug and toxin compound extrusion (MATE) gene family plays crucial roles in plant growth, development and responses to adverse stresses, especially in acidic soils. In this study, forty-two AcMATE genes were identified and classified into six subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. The chromosomal distribution, physical characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, and gene and protein structures of pineapple MATE gene family members were systematically analysed. Our results showed that six AcMATE genes can be further clustered into subfamily III with similar conserved motifs and exon-intron patterns, and are unevenly distributed on four pineapple chromosomes. Citrate exuding motif (CEM) was present in all six AcMATE proteins of subfamily III. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR experiments indicated that subfamily III AcMATE genes were highly expressed in roots and distinctly upregulated under Al stresses. In conclusion, our study illustrated that the AcMATE genes of subfamily III may function as an Al-induced citrate transporter in alleviating Al toxicity to adapt acidic soil in pineapple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The escalating global population and subsequent demand for agricultural products have led to a surge in agricultural waste generation, posing significant disposal challenges. Conventional disposal methods such as burning and dumping not only harm the environment but also jeopardize human health and safety. Recognizing the urgent need for sustainable waste management, researchers have increasingly focused on repurposing agricultural plant waste as a valuable resource. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the potential of agricultural plant waste in wealth creation and sustainable development. It highlights the detrimental impacts of current disposal methods and emphasizes the necessity for alternative approaches. By analyzing the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of plant fibers, particularly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, this review underscores their suitability for diverse applications. Moreover, it explores the emerging trend of utilizing pineapple leaf fiber, a sustainable and lightweight material, in structural applications, such as UAV construction. With its exceptional mechanical properties and biodegradability, pineapple leaf fiber holds promise as a viable alternative to traditional materials, contributing to a more sustainable future. In conclusion, this review advocates for a paradigm shift towards embracing agricultural plant waste as a valuable asset for economic prosperity and environmental sustainability. It underscores the importance of continued research and technological advancements to unlock the full potential of agricultural waste in fostering a circular economy and driving sustainable development globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the knowledge and perceptions as well as factors that influence the knowledge and perceptions of pineapple farmers towards organic farming in Uganda. Through multi-stage sampling procedures, purposive and random techniques were applied at different stages to select participants from both Luwero and Kayunga districts in central Uganda. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A composite index for knowledge and perceptions was computed for each respondent and subjected to descriptive statistics while the censored Tobit regression model was used to determine factors that influenced farmers' knowledge and perceptions of organic farming. Results showed that both organic and non-organic farmers had a high level of knowledge and favorable perceptions towards organic farming with no significant difference. Perceived environmental and economic benefits of organic farming did not significantly differ (p > 0.05) among organic and non-organic farmers. However, mean scores for perceived health and nutritional (4.30 vs. 3.94) benefits, and access to markets (4.10 vs. 3.89) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between organic and non-organic farmers. There was a positive and significant relationship between knowledge and perception of organic farming among non-organic farmers while for organic farmers, a significant and negative relationship was observed. Factors that significantly influenced farmers' knowledge were information sources and farmers' experiences. Farmer perceptions were influenced by education, information sources, group membership and extension services. Therefore, to enhance the adoption and growth of organic pineapple production in Uganda, policymakers and promoters should consider these factors when designing policy documents and sustainability strategies for the development of organic agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polysaccharides are an attractive source for use in dressings due to their plentiful availability, low cost, biodegradability, biocompatibility and multifunctionality. In this work, we describe the preparation, characterization and evaluation of the healing capacity of chitosan films produced via the solvent evaporation method containing β- D -glucan obtained from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa yeast and bromelain extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus), in free form or incorporated in liposomes or associated with polymeric nanoparticles. The films were characterized according to the swelling degree, thermal stability and enzymatic activity, and in vivo tests were performed to evaluate the films' healing potential. The swelling degree of films with bioactive substances ranged from 110.69% to 185.82%, indicating that the films are suitable for use on non-exudative wounds. The films, when stored in a refrigerator, remained functional and maintained enzymatic activity for up to 30 days. Histopathological results showed the absence of edema, a low amount of inflammatory infiltrate and an increase in angiogenesis during the proliferative phase, with such events possibly involving the action of active compounds in films. The results showed promise for wound healing (wound contraction of 76.37%) using films containing bromelain and beta glucan for seven days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ananas comosus leaves were converted to a porous graphitized carbon (GPLC) material via a high-temperature pyrolysis method by employing iron salt as a catalyst. A cobalt molybdate (CoMoO4)-and-GPLC composite (CoMoO4/GPLC) was then prepared by engineering CoMoO4 nanorods in situ, grown on GPLC. N2 adsorption–desorption isothermal curves and a pore size distribution curve verify that the proposed composite possesses a porous structure and a large specific surface area, which are favorable for charge and reactant transport and the rapid escape of O2 bubbles. Consequently, the as-synthesized CoMoO4/GPLC shows low overpotentials of 289 mV and 399 mV to afford the current densities of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2 towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is superior to many CoMoO4-based catalysts in previous studies. In addition, the decrease in current density is particularly small, with a reduction rate of 3.2% after a continuous OER procedure for 30 h, indicating its good stability. The excellent performance of the CoMoO4/GPLC composite proves that the GPLC carrier can obviously impel the catalytic activity of CoMoO4 by improving electrical conductivity, enhancing mass transport and exposing more active sites of the composite. This work provides an effective strategy for the efficient conversion of waste ananas comosus leaves to a biomass-derived-carbon-supported Co-Mo-based OER electrocatalyst with good performance, which may represent a potential approach to the development of new catalysts for OER, as well as the treatment of waste biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic biomolecules with promising tensoative and emulsifying properties that find application in the most varied industrial sectors: environment, food, agriculture, petroleum, cosmetics, and hygiene. In the current work, a 23 full-factorial design was performed to evaluate the effect and interactions of pineapple peel and corncob as substrates for biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis LMA-ICF-PC 001. In a previous stage, an alkaline pretreatment was applied to corncob samples to extract the xylose-rich hydrolysate. The results indicated that pineapple peel extract and xylose-rich hydrolysate acted as partial glucose substitutes, minimizing production costs with exogenous substrates. Biosurfactant I (obtained at 8.11% pineapple peel extract, 8.11% xylose-rich hydrolysate from corncob, and 2.8109 g/L glucose) exhibited a significant surface tension reduction (52.37%) and a promising bioremediation potential (87.36%). On the other hand, biosurfactant III (obtained at 8.11% pineapple peel extract, 31.89% xylose-rich hydrolysate from corncob, and 2.8109 g/L glucose) exhibited the maximum emulsification index in engine oil (69.60%), the lowest critical micellar concentration (68 mg/L), and the highest biosurfactant production (5.59 g/L). These findings demonstrated that using pineapple peel extract and xylose-rich hydrolysate from corncob effectively supports biosurfactant synthesis by B. subtilis, reinforcing how agro-industrial wastes can substitute traditional carbon sources, contributing to cost reduction and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we explore the concept of spectral redundancy within the class of pineapple graphs, denoted as P (α , β) . These graphs are constructed by attaching β pendent edges to a single vertex of a complete graph K α . A connected graph G earns the title of being spectrally non-redundant if the spectral radii of its connected induced subgraphs are all distinct. Spectral redundancy, on the other hand, arises when there is a repetition of spectral radii among the connected induced subgraphs within G. Our study analyzes the adjacency spectrum of P (α , β) , identifying distinct eigenvalues such as 0, − 1 , along with other positive and negative eigenvalues. Our investigation focuses on determining the spectral redundancy within this class of graphs, shedding light on their unique structural properties and implications for graph theory. Understanding spectral redundancy in these graphs is crucial for applications in network design, where distinct spectral radii can indicate different connectivity patterns and resilience features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of phytogenics that are low-cost and highly available has the potential to address some environmental, social, and economic issues in fish culture. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary application of pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel oil (PPO) on the growth performance of Swordtail (Xiphophorous helleri) and the antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria. PPO was incorporated in the diet of Swordtail (initial average weight ± SD of 0.12±0.07g and average length± SD of 1.15±0.25 cm) to analyze the effect on growth performance. Two triplicate groups (each tank stocked with 15 fish) were fed with control and experimental diet for 10 weeks. The results showed significantly enhanced growth performance of fish fed with an experimental diet. The average weight gain (282.0±35.0%), relative growth rate (2.82±0.35), specific growth rate (1.92±0.12 %day-1), and condition factor (0.42±0.02%) were all higher, and feed conversion ratio (0.0219 ±0.040) is lower in fish fed the experimental diet. The carbohydrate content (60.05±0.050 %) in the control feed was higher (p≤0.05), whereas moisture (11.35±0.11 %) and ash (13.77±0.03%) contents were higher (p≤0.05) in experimental feed. The disc-diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity of the crude PPO against A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas spp. The inhibition zones were 2.37±0.13 51 cm and 2.06±0.08 cm, respectively. Conclusively, the present study recommends using PPO, which has a potential antibacterial effect against bacterial pathogens, as a potential feed additive to improve the growth performance of swordtail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pineapple is the third most crucial tropical fruit worldwide and available in five varieties. Genomes of different pineapple varieties have been released to date; however, none of them are complete, with all exhibiting substantial gaps and representing only two of the five pineapple varieties. This significantly hinders the advancement of pineapple breeding efforts. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of three varieties: a wild pineapple variety, a fiber pineapple variety, and a globally cultivated edible pineapple variety. We constructed the first gap‐free reference genome (Ref) for pineapple. By consolidating multiple sources of evidence and manually revising each gene structure annotation, we identified 26,656 protein‐coding genes. The BUSCO evaluation indicated a completeness of 99.2%, demonstrating the high quality of the gene structure annotations in this genome. Utilizing these resources, we identified 7,209 structural variations across the three varieties. Approximately 30.8% of pineapple genes were located within ±5 kb of structural variations, including 30 genes associated with anthocyanin synthesis. Further analysis and functional experiments demonstrated that the high expression of AcMYB528 aligns with the accumulation of anthocyanins in the leaves, both of which may be affected by a 1.9‐kb insertion fragment. In addition, we developed the Ananas Genome Database, which offers data browsing, retrieval, analysis, and download functions. The construction of this database addresses the lack of pineapple genome resource databases. In summary, we acquired a seamless pineapple reference genome with high‐quality gene structure annotations, providing a solid foundation for pineapple genomics and a valuable reference for pineapple breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteolytic products are extensively used in the nutraceutical sector to improve protein digestion and muscle quality in target populations (e.g., athletes or elderly). These products are processed using techniques that often lead to low purity but competitive pricing. Despite their widespread use and well-established production methods, the industry lacks standardized analytical methods for assessing these products and detecting potential fraud. This study proposes a comprehensive and harmonized pipeline for their analysis, which includes quantifying total soluble protein and proteolytic activity, as well as the determination of product stability and protein profile using SDS-PAGE and proteomic techniques. Despite the fact that protease extracts from pineapple had the highest protein content, most of the bromelain remained inactive, unlike in kiwi and papaya. SDS-PAGE revealed partial protein degradation of pineapple extracts, whereas kiwi extracts reflected a lower purification level but a higher protein integrity. The application of proteomic approaches strengthened the identification and origin tracing of the proteases. This study contributes to the development of a robust framework for analyzing proteolytic extracts, spanning from soluble protein quantification to protein profiling and activity determination. It may also ensure reliable supplier selection, high-quality manufacturing practices, and the implementation of optimal storage and formulation strategies in the nutraceutical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: A recent increase in the demand for pineapple necessitates the development of new varieties with superior flavour quality. In this study, we characterised the volatile profiles of three new Okinawan pineapple breeding lines using gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS)‐based electronic nose (e‐nose), glycosylated volatiles, and alcohol‐acyltransferase (AAT) activity measurements. The volatile profiles of the fruits were selected using the GC–MS‐e‐nose and visualised using multivariate statistical plots. The glycosidically bound compounds were collected by solid‐phase extraction and hydrolysed by β‐glucosidase. In total, 12 hydroxyl‐group substances, including chavicol (medicinal‐herbal aroma), geraniol (floral‐sweet), and linalool (floral‐citrus), were released from these glycosides. Crude enzymes containing AAT were extracted, and their in vitro activities in 2‐methylbutyl acetate production were highly related to their contents. These results provide information regarding volatile profiles and bounded‐aroma resources, as well as the esterification potential of new Okinawan pineapple breeding lines for use in the agro‐food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections that involve the urethra, bladder, and, in much more severe cases, even kidneys. These infections represent one of the most common diseases worldwide. Various pathogens are responsible for this condition, the most common being Escherichia coli (E. coli). Bromelain is a proteolytic complex obtained from the stem and stalk of Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. showing several beneficial activities. In addition to bromelain, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has also been used. Methods: The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-motility, and anti-biofilm effects of a new polyenzymatic complex (DIF17BRO®) in combination with NAC (the Formulation) on various strains of E. coli isolated from patients with UTIs. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the Formulation were studied in an ex vivo model of cystitis, using bladder samples from mice exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: Our results showed that the Formulation significantly affects the capability of bacteria to form biofilm and reduces the bacteria amount in the mature biofilm. Moreover, it combines the interesting properties of NAC and a polyenzyme plant complex based on bromelain in a right dose to affect the E. coli adhesion capability. Finally, the Formulation exhibited protective effects, as confirmed by the inhibitory activities on multiple inflammatory and oxidative stress-related pathways on bladder specimens exposed to LPS. Conclusions: This blend of active compounds could represent a promising and versatile approach to use to overcome the limitations associated with conventional therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fructooligosaccharides are prebiotic sugars that are widely used in the production of functional foods, which can be produced enzymatically by the transfructosylation reaction of sucrose. This work aimed to optimize the production of an invertase with high transfructosylation activity from Aspergillus carbonarius PC-4 using pineapple crown as the inducer substrate and evaluate its biochemical properties. The culture medium was optimized using a Plackett–Burman experimental design and a central composite rotatable design, resulting in a maximum transfructosylation activity of 65.33 U/mL at 72 h of cultivation. The cultivation parameters were Yp/s = 1070.75 U/g and PP = 2771.48 U/h, which showed an increase of 5.2-fold in the enzyme produced. The optimum temperature (50 °C) and pH (5.0) for the enzymatic activity were obtained by a CCR design. The enzyme showed a half-life of 60 min at 40 °C. In conclusion, the invertase produced from A. carbonarius PC-4 using agro-industrial waste (pineapple crown) and an inorganic nitrogen source (ammonium nitrate) exhibits high transfructosylation activity that can be used as a potential source for the production of fructooligosaccharides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wasted produce is a pertinent issue in agriculture, with billions of tons of produce going to waste even before it hits markets. Specifically, in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), nearly half of all produce is lost before market. To combat this, the Agricycle® passive solar drier was designed to provide a cost-effective method of drying fruit for preservation. Using a psychrometric chamber to simulate the SSA environment, vitamin C, total phenolic contents, and iron tests were conducted, along with microbial content determination, water content determination, dissolved solids testing, and color and microstructure analyses to validate passive solar drying, comparing the results to freeze-dried samples. Nutritional contents were comparable between fresh, freeze-dried, and solar-dried samples, with a loss in vitamin C (statistically significant), total phenolic contents, and dissolved solids during solar drying. The microbial analysis for solar-dried samples was below standard limits, and the water content in the solar-dried samples was ~10% w.b. (<20% w.b.) compared to ~3% w.b. of the freeze-dried samples. Although having comparable vitamin C, total phenolic contents, and iron values, freeze-dried and solar dried samples showed very different colors and microstructures based on colorimetry and SEM imaging. In conclusion, the Agricycle® passive solar drier is a promising alternative approach for food preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Fruit crops, including tropical and subtropical fruits like Avocado (Persea americana), Fig (Ficus carica), Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera), Mango (Mangifera indica), Guava (Psidium guajava), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), and Banana (Musa acuminata) are economically vital, contributing significantly to global agricultural output, as classified by the FAO's World Programme for the Census of Agriculture. Advancements in next-generation sequencing, have transformed fruit crop breeding by providing in-depth genomic and transcriptomic data. RNA sequencing enables high-throughput analysis of gene expression, and functional genomics, crucial for addressing horticultural challenges and enhancing fruit production. The genomic and expression data for key tropical and sub-tropical fruit crops is currently lacking a comprehensive expression atlas, revealing a significant gap in resources for horticulturists who require a unified platform with diverse datasets across various conditions and cultivars. Results: The Fruit Expression Atlas (FEAtl), available at http://backlin.cabgrid.res.in/FEAtl/, is a first-ever extensive and unified expression atlas for tropical and subtropical fruit crops developed using 3-tier architecture. The expressivity of coding and non-coding genes, encompassing 2,060 RNA-Seq samples across 91 tissue types and 177 BioProjects, it provides a comprehensive view of gene expression patterns for different tissues under various conditions. FEAtl features multiple tabs that cater to different aspects of the dataset, namely, Home, About, Analyze, Statistics, and Team and contains seven central functional modules: Transcript Information,Sample Information, Expression Profiles in FPKM and TPM, Functional Analysis, Genes Based on Tau Score, and Search for Specific Gene. The expression of a transcript of interest can be easily queried by searching by tissue ID and transcript type. Expression data can be displayed as a heat map, along with functional descriptions as well as Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Conclusions: This atlas represents a groundbreaking compilation of a wide array of information pertaining to eight distinct fruit crops and serves as a fundamental resource for comparative analysis among different fruit species and is a catalyst for functional genomic studies. Database availability: http://backlin.cabgrid.res.in/FEAtl/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Investigating the functional properties of treated flour composites derived from fruit by-products of avocado (Persea americana), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), pineapple (Ananas comosus), and pomegranate (Punica granatum) skins, peels, and/or seeds combined, aiming to understand their stability and potential applications in food products. Methods: Fruit by-product flours were used to replace all-purpose wheat flour in ratios of 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The treated flours were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics and used in cookie preparation, with 100% allpurpose wheat flour as the control. Results: The water holding capacity (WHC) of composite flours increased with higher substitution levels, regardless of the holding temperature (25, 35, 45, and 55°C), with the most significant increase observed in pomegranate treatments. Furthermore, freeze-thaw stability and viscoelasticity characteristics generally decreased for all composite flours compared to the control, likely due to gluten content dilution. The activation energy of the treated flours ranged from 11.1 to 62.0 kJ/mol. Therefore, gelatinization properties, formulation, and processing were affected by temperature variations due to viscosity dependence and activation energy requirements. Consumer testing indicated that cookies made with fruit by-product flours had an acceptable overall liking score of more than 6 out of 9. Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest that utilizing fruit by-products for treated flours can offer valuable natural sources of nutrients with enhanced functional properties, highlighting potential benefits for various food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agro‐industrial residues, such as surplus fruits and vegetables are increasingly recognized as valuable sources for isolating bacterial strains capable of efficiently producing bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). This study presents a novel approach to BNC production using Komagataeibacter intermedius SB 110 isolated from rotten pineapple, cultivated in a sustainable medium of coconut water enriched with 5% sucrose and 0.5% pineapple peel extract. By leveraging agricultural waste, this method accelerates BNC biosynthesis to less than 7 days and achieves a yield of 5.563 g/L over 14 days, a 1.58‐fold increase compared with traditional media. The BNCs were primarily composed of cellulose type I, with minor cellulose type II, ultrafine fiber sizes (58.3 to 84.98 nm) and a high crystallinity index (60.81% to 78.34%), indicating superior structural quality. This innovative process not only demonstrates the potential of using low‐cost, sustainable substrates for high‐yield BNC production but also significantly enhances both the efficiency and scalability of the production process, setting a new standard over existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tropical fruits such as cherimoya, soursop, and pineapple share sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) in common but may differ in the content of other phytochemicals. In the present work, confocal Raman spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to establish a classification model among the three fruits and to evaluate the effect of pre-processing methods on the model's performance. The Raman spectra showed that glucose was present in the fruits in the 800–900 cm−1 band and the 1100–1200 cm−1 band. While sucrose was present in the bands of 1131.22 cm−1, 1134.44 cm−1, and 1133.37 cm−1 in the three fruits, fructose was present in the bands of 1464.22 cm−1, 1467.44 cm−1, and 1464.22 cm−1 in cherimoya, soursop, and pineapple. The accuracy of the PLS-DA model varied according to the pre-processing methods used. The Savitzky–Golay first derivative method produced a model with 98.69–100% and 100% precision on the training and prediction data, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acerola fruit has great nutritional and economic relevance; however, its rapid degradation hinders commercialization. The use of coatings reduces post-harvest biochemical modifications and provides physical and biological protection for vegetables such as acerola. This study developed and characterized an edible coating made from pearl pineapple peel flour (PPPF) and yam starch (YS) to preserve the quality standards of acerola fruits during storage at room temperature and under refrigeration. The edible coating, composed of 4 g of PPPF, 3 g of starch, and 10% glycerol, presented excellent moisture content (11%), light tone (L* 83.68), and opacity (45%), resistance to traction of 27.77 Mpa, elastic modulus of 1.38 Mpa, and elongation percentage of 20%. The total phenolic content of the coating was 278.68 ± 0.45 mg GAE/g and the antioxidant activity by DPPH was 28.85 ± 0.27%. The quality parameters of acerolas were evaluated with three treatments: T1—uncoated fruits; T2—fruits coated with 1% glycerol; and T3—fruits coated with PPPF-YS. The T3 treatment reduced the weight loss of stored acerolas, maintaining the light and bright color of the fruits, and delayed the decrease in soluble solids, especially in refrigerated fruits. Therefore, edible coatings based on pineapple flour and yam starch are effective technologies for controlling the physical and physicochemical parameters of acerolas during storage, benefiting the post-harvest quality of this fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Binzi' (BZ) (Malus domestica subsp. chinensis var. binzi Li Y.N.) and 'Xiangguo' (XG) (Malus domestica subsp. chinensis var. xiangguo Li Y.N.) are the ancient cultivars in China. The BZ fruits have a low-fragrant flavor on harvest day but a high-fragrant flavor after storage at room temperature, while the XG fruits have a stronger flavor when mature. 'Starking' (SK) and 'Golden Delicious' (GD) fruits have a rich flavor and are recognized by all countries in the world. However, information on the differences between ancient Chinese cultivars and Western apple cultivars in aroma compounds remains unknown. The apple fruits were collected for continuous two years. Aroma compounds in the skin and pulp of the fruits were detected at room temperature (20 ± 1 °C) during storage. The dynamics of VOCs in BZ and SK fruits were more similarly reflected in esters, while those of XG and GD fruits were reflected in aldehydes and alcohols. Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, with an extremely low odor threshold, was the main source of typical apple flavor in SK, BZ, and XG fruits, while hexyl acetate was the source of the banana flavor in GD fruits. 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and β-damascenone were the important ketones produced in the later stage of storage, derived from the carotenoid metabolism pathway and providing a citrus and rose flavor to the four apple cultivars. SK had the highest number of characteristic aroma components, which were mainly derived from the amino acid metabolism pathway, providing fruits with a sweet and fruity flavor. Although the characteristic aroma components of GD were derived from the fatty acid metabolic pathway, the number of volatile esters was lower. Ethyl butyrate, derived from the saturated fatty acid metabolism, had the highest content in BZ, providing a pineapple flavor; the flavor of XG was mainly derived from ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and β-damascenone. Therefore, we suggest BZ and XG apples as the aroma-breeding material with which to enrich new cultivars' aroma components, derived from the fatty acid metabolism and carotenoid metabolism pathways, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium is an essential mineral for pineapple development and quality. On the other hand, silicon is another mineral that lately has been investigated due to its positive effects on fruit quality. Nonetheless, no sufficient information has been document in pineapple, primordially with applications close to harvest, when pineapple plant tends to exposed mineral deficiencies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of foliar fertilization with calcium and silicon close to harvest on pineapple physico-chemical characteristics. The treatments arranged were, A (control: Without fertilization), B (Ca from ten weeks before harvest until harvest), C (Ca from six weeks before harvest until harvest), D (Si from ten weeks before harvest until harvest), E (Si from six weeks before harvest until harvest), F (Ca + Si from ten weeks before harvest until harvest), and G (Ca + Si from six weeks before harvest until harvest). MD2 pineapple hybrid was used in this experiment. Fruit total soluble solids, total acidity, sugar, acid, water content, β-carotene, fruit and crown weight, and flesh firmness were determined in two experimental trials. Treatment D delivered the best performance by obtaining an ideal level of total soluble solids, water, sugar and acid content, fruit and crown weight, and flesh firmness. Besides, this treatment provided the highest citric acid (≥ 0.6%) and β-carotene content (≥ 3.5 mg/kg), representative antioxidants in pineapple. In conclusion, the employment of silicon close to harvest, from ten weeks before harvest until harvest can be used as an ideal treatment to provide an optimal pineapple quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dysmicoccus neobrevipes of the family Pseudococcidae is an important pest with a wide distribution in Indonesia. Mealybug infestation can be economically devastating for banana commodities from North Maluku. The presence of mealybugs in the plantation is very diverse and abundant. Mealybugs can cause symptoms of damage to all parts of the plant, especially the fruit. The research objective was to study the morphological characteristics of D. neobrevipes with other types of mealybugs on banana commodities. Specimen samples were taken by purposive sampling in five banana center markets, including Bastiong market (Ternate Island), Jailolo market (West Halmahera), Tobelo market (North Halmahera), Labuha market (Bacan Island), and Sanana market (Sula Islands). Specimen preparation and identification used a modified Heinz method. Morphological observation variables included body shape and the presence of specific mealybug organs. The results showed that D. neobrevipes is oval, has 17 cerarri, a pair of antennae, 2-3 discoidal pore, anterior ostiole, and posterior ostiole well developed, 2-4 conical seta, 3-7 auxiliary seta, a group of the trilocular pore, circulus fully developed, translucent pore present on tibia and femur of the hind limb, oral coral tubular duct of large and small type, dorsal seta shorter than anal ring seta, multicolar pore present in the center, the anal ring consists of 6 seta and anal cerarri consists of 2 conical seta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The predominant plant-parasitic nematodes associated with Pattawia pineapple-cultivated areas were investigated using combined molecular and morphological techniques. In total, 134 soil samples were collected for nematode extraction from the main pineapple crops in 3 districts (Sam Roi Yot, Mueang and Hua Hin) of Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand. Based on the morphology, 6 plant-parasitic nematode genera were identified: Rotylenchulus sp., Meloidogyne sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Hoplolaimus sp., Mesocriconema sp. and Pratylenchus sp. The main plant-parasitic nematodes that occurred in Sam Roi Yot and Mueang districts were Rotylenchulus sp. (70.27 and 97.01 %, respectively), while in Hua Hin district, Helicotylenchus sp. (37.73 %) was dominant. Based on molecular identification, nucleotide sequence comparisons and the phylogenetic tree analyses based on the 18S and 28S rRNA genes revealed the species of the nematodes were R. reniformis and H. dihystera, showing 99 % identity with the nematode populations from Japan and China, respectively. Notably, the morphometric and morphological characters also identified these 2 species correctly; however, this technique required more time and may be less accurate. While R. reniformis has been identified as a common species in pineapple fields in the USA, India, Kenya, the Philippines and Nigeria, the current study was the 1st to report H. dihystera isolated from soil in Pattawia pineapple crops in Thailand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in pineapple production has generated a large amount of waste, which, when incorporated into the soil, can lead to contamination and environmental degradation. In this context, this study highlights the innovative combination of pineapple waste and Leucaena hay, offering benefits for animal nutrition while reducing input costs. The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional value of silage from 'Pérola' pineapple waste (PS) with different levels of Leucaena hay. A completely randomized design was adopted with six treatments (pre-wilted PS and PS with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% inclusion of Leucaena hay (LH)). The dry matter content of the silage, crude protein, lignin, and pH increased linearly (p < 0.05) as a function of the inclusion of Leucaena hay, while buffering capacity, soluble carbohydrate content, and effluent losses showed an inverse relationship. As LH levels increased, ruminal DM disappearance decreased. Wilting the pineapple plant did not alter the in vitro gas production, in vitro digestibility of organic matter, partition factor (PF), and methane production when compared to the silages added with Leucaena hay. It is recommended to add 20% Leucaena hay in PS silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cost-effective production of commercially important biopolymers, such as chitosan, has gained momentum in recent decades owing to its versatile material properties. The seasonal variability in the availability of crustacean waste and fish waste, routinely used for chitosan extraction, has triggered a focus on fungal chitosan as a sustainable alternative. This study demonstrates a cost-effective strategy for cultivating an endophytic fungus isolated from Pichavaram mangrove soil in a pineapple peel-based medium for harvesting fungal biomass. Chitosan was extracted using alkali and acid treatment methods from various combinations of media. The highest chitosan yield (139 ± 0.25 mg/L) was obtained from the pineapple peel waste-derived medium supplemented with peptone. The extracted polymer was characterized by FTIR, XRD, DSC, and TGA analysis. The antioxidant activity of the fungal chitosan was evaluated using DPPH assay and showed an IC50 value of 0.22 mg/L. Subsequently, a transparent chitosan film was fabricated using the extracted fungal chitosan, and its biodegradability was assessed using a soil burial test for 50 days. Biodegradation tests revealed that, after 50 days, a degradation rate of 28.92 ± 0.75% (w/w) was recorded. Thus, this study emphasizes a cost-effective strategy for the production of biopolymers with significant antioxidant activity, which may have promising applications in food packaging if additional investigations are carried out in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonprotein amino acid, can accumulate in plants in response to abiotic stresses. The effects of postharvest treatments on endogenous GABA concentrations and exogenous GABA on whole horticulture product quality has recently received attention. However, knowledge of the effects of mechanical damage events such as peeling and cutting on GABA concentrations of fresh-cut products is limited. In this study, concentrations of GABA and antioxidants including total phenolics and ascorbic acid in fresh-cut cantaloupe, pineapple, and cauliflower during storage at 5 °C for 9 days were investigated. We found that GABA accumulated in fresh-cut pineapple and cauliflower during storage, but that the increase in cantaloupe was not significant. Total phenolics, total ascorbic acid, and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) remained stable in fresh-cut cantaloupe and cauliflower. In pineapple, however, total phenolics and total ascorbic acid concentrations decreased, whereas the DHA concentration increased. No correlation was found between GABA and antioxidants in fresh-cut cauliflower and cantaloupe; however, GABA was negatively related to antioxidants, including total phenolics and total ascorbic acid, in fresh-cut pineapple. The results show that GABA accumulation may represent a stress response to damage that occurs during the preparation of fresh cut products, but that the degree of response is affected by the specific product. Further research of GABA metabolism in response to minimal processing, including GABA biosynthesis, in a wider range of horticultural products and relationships with antioxidants is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the condition represented by persistent hyperglycaemia, owing to the altered glucose metabolism. The current research aims to assess the capabilities of strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that were obtained from fermented Ananas comosus (A. comosus) and Carica papaya (C. papaya) (non-dairy sources) as probiotics for the prevention of DM. The capacity of the strains to endure or survive extreme conditions was evaluated using bile tolerance using oxgall at varying concentrations, hydrophobicity, coaggregation ability, adhesion ability, and hemolytic activity, and their survival rate in gastric and intestinal juices. The LAB strains demonstrated the following results: phenol (>7 Log CFU/mL), acid-bile conditions (6.53–7.11 Log CFU/mL), gastric and intestinal juice tolerance (6.18–7.33 Log CFU/mL), thereby fulfilling the requirements to be a prospective probiotic agent. The LAB strains showed characteristics of cell surface hydrophobicity (≥ 40 %), autoaggregation (≥ 70 %), and coaggregation (≤ 48 %). Furthermore, they demonstrated antioxidant activity (≥ 59 %) as well as the ability to lower blood sugar levels by inhibiting α-glucosidase (≤ 57 %) and α-amylase (≤ 64 %). The development of antidiabetic probiotics from fermented papaya and pineapple has several potential uses. These probiotics may be used as functional foods or supplements to improve glycemic control in individuals with DM. They may also be used as adjunct therapies to conventional diabetes treatments to enhance their efficacy. The results of this research may pave way for creating probiotic products that function as food additives or supplements, with the aim of enhancing health and preventing long-term illnesses like diabetes. Additionally, probiotics have been proven to boost intestinal health, regulate the immune system, and decrease inflammation. [Display omitted] • LAB from fermented pineapple and papaya show antidiabetic potential. • LAB exhibit resilience to gastrointestinal conditions, meeting probiotic norms. • Strains display notable probiotic traits like hydrophobicity and adhesion. • Antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase & α-amylase inhibition suggest blood sugar reduction. • Pineapple and papaya offer promising non-dairy sources for functional foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pineapple processing involves peeling, coring and slicing of pineapple. A simple manual pineapple processing machine was developed to enhance the crude method of processing pineapple using just the knife and to reduce musculoskeletal problems associated with processing large quantity of pineapples with the knife. Hence, the objective of this paper is to design and develop a manual pineapple processing machine capable of peeling, coring and slicing pineapples to be utilized by small and medium enterprises (SME) using Response Surface Method (RSM) and validated using desirability plots. The results of actual and predicted response surface plots confirms pineapple sample weight 1.35 kg, diameter 60, height 110 mm with efficiency of 94.81% as the optimal variables. The desirability plot validated these results with response of 1.47, 0.17, 0.06, 0.22 kg weights of peeled, peel and core of pineapple removed, respectively, machine peeling efficiency at 87.29% as optimal at 11 seconds. At these optimal conditions, the actual efficiency realized was 94.81%. The differences within the actual and predicted valuations were lower and not significant statistically, which implied that selected model efficiently predicted the peeling efficiency of the machine. Center Composite Design Rotatable (CCDR) was employed to initiate 20 experimental processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sucrose content influences the flavour and quality of fruits. Sucrose synthase (SUS; EC 2.4.1.13) mediates the reversible conversion of uridine diphosphate and sucrose to uridine diphosphate-glucose and fructose. Although genome-wide analyses of SUS gene families exist for various species, such studies are lacking for pineapple. The specific SUS gene(s) involved in sucrose metabolism during pineapple development remain unknown. This study identified six SUS genes (AcSUS1–6) and analysed their chromosomal locations, synteny, structure, motif composition, sequence alignments, and phylogenetic relationships. Gene promoter analysis revealed a predominance of light-response elements in the AcSUS gene family. AcSUS1 was predominantly expressed in the peduncle, pericarp, and core, whereas AcSUS4 was highly expressed in the flesh. The levels of sucrose, glucose, and fructose increase during pineapple fruit development. Further gene expression analysis indicated that AcSUS2, AcSUS3, and AcSUS5 were down-regulated during this period. These results suggest that AcSUS2, AcSUS3, and AcSUS5 may modulate sucrose breakdown in pineapple. This study contributes to our understanding of SUS gene function in regulating sucrose metabolism and offers valuable theoretical guidance for the genetic improvement of pineapples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study described the efficiency of pineapple peel extract (PPE) in increasing the immunity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and in inhibiting Aeromonas hydrophila infections. The PPE concentrations used in this study were: 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/mL. 0.1 mL of PPE was administered via intraperitoneal injection into the fish. On day 7, fish was intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mL A. hydrophila (density 108 CFU/mL). Hematology and biochemical serum parameters were observed on day 1 and 7 after injected with PPE and day 7 and 14 post-challenge with A. hydrophila. The results indicated that, red blood cells, white blood cells, and hematocrit of PPE-injected fish were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase in the fish groups receiving PPE were lower than those of the control group. After challenge test, fish injected with 125 mg/mL PPE concentration was able to significantly reduce the mortality rate compare to control (from 80.50% to 47.22%). It can be concluded that PPE was effective in preventing A. hydrophila infections, and had a positive impact on the immunity of fish. So that pineapple is an alternative plant that can be used to improve fish health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of materials and constructive systems for the conservation and preservation of architectural heritage is of great relevance in the case of the Royal Alcazar of Seville, a World Heritage Site since 1987. This palatial complex stands out for its plasterwork decorations and this work aims to study the most significant anomaly: the detachment of all the pineapples presented on the sebka surfaces. The present study focused on the organoleptic inspection of pineapples, together with a planimetric survey and the study of their environmental conditions. The study developed has allowed (i) to establish the hypothesis of the different fixation systems used over time; (ii) to identify anomalies present in decorative pineapples; and (iii) to analyse recent emergency actions undertaken in the pineapples to prevent their detachment. The results obtained represent novel information of historical, artistic, and constructive interest in these ornamental pieces in plaster, useful for future conservation and restoration interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Utilizing biomass waste as a potential resource for cellulose production holds promise in mitigating environmental consequences. The current study aims to utilize pineapple biowaste extract in producing bacterial cellulose acetate-based membranes with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 nanoparticles) through the fermentation and esterification process and explore its characteristics. The bacterial cellulose fibrillation used a high-pressure homogenization procedure, and membranes were developed incorporating 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 wt.% of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic nanoparticle for functionalization. The membrane characteristics were measured in terms of Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer, antibacterial activity, bacterial adhesion and dye adsorption studies. The results indicated that the surface morphology of membrane changes where the bacterial cellulose acetate surface looks rougher. The crystallinity index of membrane increased from 54.34% to 68.33%, and the functional groups analysis revealed that multiple peak shifts indicated alterations in membrane functional groups. Moreover, adding Fe3O4-NPs into membrane exhibits paramagnetic behavior, increases tensile strength to 73%, enhances activity against E. coli and S. aureus, and is successful in removing bacteria from wastewater of the river to 67.4% and increases adsorption for anionic dyes like Congo Red and Acid Orange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Condiment is the property of China Condiment and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research paper comprises of application of a flame-retardant finish on the Varanasi brocade pineapple fabric. The novel technique can impart durable flame retardancy. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was used as an intumescent flame-retardant polymer to impart flame retardancy. An investigation on the optimization of APP solution concentration has been made. The fabric characterization for the final product's flame-retardant property after the application is presented. The treated fabric has shown increased LOI values with increasing concentrations of APP up to a specific limit. The LOI of 36.7% was determined at a 15% solution concentration. The SEM images showed APP's presence on the pineapple fibers' surface, and the EDX analysis of fabric samples confirmed the elemental addition of nitrogen and phosphorous in the treated fabric. FTIR analysis of control and treated fabric confirms the P-O-C covalent bonding between fiber and APP. TGA analysis of samples has shown the treated samples' low thermal degradation and weight loss compared to control. VFT test showed increased char length and no after-flame time for 15% APP-treated pineapple fabric. Cone calorimetric analysis confirmed that PHRR decreased by around 98% while ARHE and THRR decreased by 49.56% and 50% after 15% of APP treatment. Images of samples after cone calorimetric analysis have presented the layer of char formation in treated fabric. LOI > 25 was retained after 20 home laundering of the treated fabric. And no significant effect of APP was found on the colorimetric values of dyed pineapple fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mushroom cultivation is currently being widely ventured by farmers in Malaysia due to its high profits in a short time and low production cost. Mushrooms can be grown on various substrates such as rice husk and stalks, coconut fiber, and sawdust. This study was performed to find out the ability of using pineapple leaves waste as a substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius (gray oyster mushroom) and Pleurotus ostreatus (white oyster mushroom) and compare the results obtained with mushrooms grown using traditional substrates (sawdust). The mushroom bags were prepared using a dry and wet medium of pineapple leaves waste. The results revealed that 60% of dry and wet pineapple leaves waste produced the highest output of P. pulmonarius and P. ostreatus in comparison to other percentages. The growing of P. pulmonarius on dry pineapple leaves waste substrate revealed the maximum average weight and number of fruiting bodies while P. ostreatus showed the best growth performance in wet pineapple leaves waste substrate. The nutritional content of 60% dry and wet pineapple leaves waste for both P. pulmonarius and P. ostreatus shown superior value in percentages of moisture, protein, fat, and carbohydrate compared to control. In the meantime, the mineral analysis revealed that 60% of the dry and wet pineapple leaves waste had greater levels of Cu, P, and Pb than the control. These findings suggested that the pineapple leaves waste can become a great alternative substrate for both P. pulmonarius and P. ostreatus cultivation for better economic and environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pineapple peel waste has high bioactivity in the form of polyphenols and flavonoids; therefore, in the current research, valorization of agro-processing waste of pineapple peel was carried out to extract BAC using the Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method as a green technology.Herniarin, the targeted BAC from pineapple peel extract, was identified and isolated using HRLC-MS/MS and measured using HPLC. Lipophilic liposomes made by ethanol injection technique using Phosal 50 PG encapsulated heriarin (7-Methoxy coumarin); the formulations were analysed for size distribution, entrapment efficiency, and surface morphology. To stabilise the produced formulation, liposomes were freeze dried with mannitol as a cryoprotectant. During a six-month stability investigation, the entrapment efficiency of lyophilized liposome ranged from 99.74 ± 0.24 to 91.56 ± 0.34. Cookies were prepared in concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% herniarin (with and without encapsulation) to determine the effect of antioxidant activity, physicochemical, and microbial properties after 3 months of storage. Cookies with encapsulated BAC (MCNWE) had free fatty acid values ranging from 0.21 ± 0.08 to 1.00 ± 0.04, and antioxidant capacity ranging from 18.02 ± 0.04 to 13.98 ± 0.05.It can be inferred that cookies with encapsulated BAC have the highest antioxidant capacity and can be used as functional food with fair overall acceptability in market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the challenge of efficiently peeling pineapples, which have a distinct elliptical form, thick skin, and small eyes that are difficult to detect with conventional automated methods. This results in significant flesh waste. To improve the process, we developed an integrated system combining an enhanced BlendMask method, termed SAAF-BlendMask, and a Pose Correction Planning (PCP) method. SAAF-BlendMask improves the detection of small pineapple eyes, while PCP ensures accurate posture adjustment for precise path planning. The system uses 3D vision and deep learning technologies, achieving an average precision (AP) of 73.04% and a small object precision (APs) of 62.54% in eye detection, with a path planning success rate reaching 99%. The fully automated electromechanical system was tested on 110 real pineapples, demonstrating a reduction in flesh waste by 11.7% compared to traditional methods. This study highlights the potential of advanced machine vision and robotics in enhancing the efficiency and precision of food processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study examined the knowledge and perceptions as well as factors that influence the knowledge and perceptions of pineapple farmers towards organic farming in Uganda. Through multi-stage sampling procedures, purposive and random techniques were applied at different stages to select participants from both Luwero and Kayunga districts in central Uganda. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A composite index for knowledge and perceptions was computed for each respondent and subjected to descriptive statistics while the censored Tobit regression model was used to determine factors that influenced farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of organic farming. Results showed that both organic and non-organic farmers had a high level of knowledge and favorable perceptions towards organic farming with no significant difference. Perceived environmental and economic benefits of organic farming did not significantly differ (p > 0.05) among organic and non-organic farmers. However, mean scores for perceived health and nutritional (4.30 vs. 3.94) benefits, and access to markets (4.10 vs. 3.89) differed significantly (p