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2. Early Cretaceous Radiation of Teleosts Recorded by the Otolith-Based Ichthyofauna from the Valanginian of Wąwał, Central Poland.

Author

Pindakiewicz, Maciej K., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, and Kaim, Andrzej

Subjects
*OSTEICHTHYES, *MARINE sediments, *EOCENE Epoch, *SEA level, *OTOLITHS, *RADIATION
Abstract

We report a Valanginian (Early Cretaceous) otolith-based ichthyofauna from a section at Wąwał in central Poland. We describe one new genus (Palaeoargentina gen. nov.), six new otolith-based species (Pteralbula polonica sp. nov., Protalbula pentangularis sp. nov., Kokenichthys kuteki sp. nov., Protoelops gracilis sp. nov., Palaeoargentina plicata sp. nov., Archaeotolithus aptychoides sp. nov.) from Wąwał and compare them to species known from similar assemblages elsewhere. The comparison of teleost diversity shows similarity to the Aptian (late Early Cretaceous) and less distinctly to the Maastrichtian (latest Cretaceous) assemblages, rather than to its coeval equivalents from Germany and southern England, and indicates that a considerable teleost diversity already existed before the mid-Cretaceous. The vertical succession of otolith taxa in the Wąwał section is in concordance to the pattern already revealed from the succession of bivalves and other benthic invertebrates and it is attributed to sea level and temperature variations. Previously identified causes of benthic invertebrate succession in the Wąwał section are used to infer paleoenvironmental factors governing fish distribution in the Valanginian marine environment recorded at this site. The new findings suggest that the radiation of teleosts started before the Valanginian, and it was a relatively long and apparently gradual process. This fossil association also reveals a significant shift in the abundance ratio of fish otoliths vs. cephalopod statoliths in fully marine deposits, with otoliths much more abundant than the statoliths in Valanginian and younger sediments while it is otherwise in the Jurassic deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. Feeding convergence among ray-finned fishes : Teeth of the herbivorous actinopterygians from the latest Permian of East European Platform, Russia

Author

Pindakiewicz, Maciej, Talanda, Mateusz, Sulej, Tomasz, Niedzwiedzki, Grzegorz, Sennikov, Andrey G., Bakaev, Alexandr S., Bulanov, Valeriy V., Golubev, Valeriy K., Minikh, Alla, V, Pindakiewicz, Maciej, Talanda, Mateusz, Sulej, Tomasz, Niedzwiedzki, Grzegorz, Sennikov, Andrey G., Bakaev, Alexandr S., Bulanov, Valeriy V., Golubev, Valeriy K., and Minikh, Alla, V

Abstract

A unique functional adaptation to herbivory within early ray-finned fishes is exemplified by the late Permian actinopterygians within the family Etuynotoidiidae with policuspid teeth strongly modified with respect to the primitive actinopterygian conditions. Here we report additional finds of multidenticulated teeth from the fluvial latest Permian deposits of Russia. The teeth belong to the members of endemic Eurynotoidiidae and show rather high morphological diversity. We confirm that the Russian forms are the earliest known ray-finned fishes with substantial modifications of teeth adapted to the processing of food. These finds confirm some previous suggestions that the adaptation to herbivory first developed in freshwater fishes, not marine. We found very similar dental adaptations in some groups of Recent freshwater teleosts, especially in characifonns and cichlids. It suggests that sympatric species of Permian Eurynotoidiidae explored various herbivorous niches like modem fish in East African lakes. Apparently, this first pulse of adaptive radiation in ray-finned fishes was probably caused by diversification of Permian aquatic vertebrate community.

Published
2020
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