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3. A single-photon sensitive ebCMOS camera: The LUSIPHER prototype

Author

Eric Chabanat, J. Houles, Q.T. Doan, A. Dorokhov, Agnes Dominjon, P. Calabria, Remi Barbier, Marc Winter, T. Cajgfinger, Cyrille Guerin, J. Baudot, C.T. Kaiser, W. Dulinski, L. Vagneron, D. Chaize, Pierre Depasse, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, and Photonis

Subjects
Physics, Point spread function, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, CMOS sensor, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Frame rate, 01 natural sciences, Optics, CMOS, 0103 physical sciences, Back-illuminated sensor, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Deconvolution, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Image resolution
Abstract

Processing high-definition images with single-photon sensitivity acquired above 500 frames per second (fps) will certainly find ground-breaking applications in scientific and industrial domains such as nano-photonics. However, current technologies for low light imaging suffer limitations above the standard 30 fps to keep providing both excellent spatial resolution and signal-over-noise. This paper presents the state of the art on a promising way to answer this challenge, the electron bombarded CMOS (ebCMOS) detector. A large-scale ultra fast single-photon tracker camera prototype produced with an industrial partner is described. The full characterization of the back-thinned CMOS sensor is presented and a method for Point Spread Function measurements is elaborated. Then the study of the ebCMOS performance is presented for two different multi-alkali cathodes, S20 and S25. Point Spread Function measurements carried out on an optical test bench are analysed to extract the PSF of the tube by deconvolution. The resolution of the tube is studied as a function of temperature, high voltage and incident wavelength. Results are discussed for both multi-alkali cathodes as well as a Maxwellian modelization of the radial initial energy of the photo-electrons.

Published
2011

4. Mise au point sur l’hédrocèle, un trouble de la statique pelvienne méconnu

Author

J.-P. Lucot, F. Tempremant, E. Poncelet, N. Laurent, C. Parsy, J.F. Quinton, Michel Cosson, Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Anterior wall, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rectum, Sigmoid colon, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Reproductive Medicine, Pelvic floor dysfunction, Vagina, Medicine, Hernia, Radiology, Pouch, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Pelvic floor disorders are frequent and source of symptoms which can be invalidating for patients. Between them, hedrocele is a pathology often unknown and clinically difficult to diagnose. It is a herniation of fat pad, small bowel or sigmoid colon in the recto-uterine pouch (cul-de-sac of Douglas) exercising a mass effect on the anterior wall of the rectum. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging with morphological sequences and dynamic sequences in thrust can be very useful, allowing a comprehensive study of pelvic floor dysfunction and confirming the complete diagnosis, especially before surgery. We suggest you some examples to illustrate this pathology in order to emphasize the importance of its diagnosis, especially preoperative. A better understanding of this pelvic floor dysfunction would improve the care of patients.

Published
2015

5. Performance study of a MegaPixel single photon position sensitive photodetector EBCMOS

Author

N. Laurent, Pierre Depasse, N. Estre, Eric Chabanat, J. Baudot, C.T. Kaiser, Marc Winter, W. Dulinski, Remi Barbier, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Girod, Dominique

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, [SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Photodetector, single molecule tracking, Tracking (particle physics), fluorescence microscopy, 01 natural sciences, Optics, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Position (vector), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Physics, CMOS sensor, EBCMOS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], HPD, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; This development is related to the design and the integration of a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) into a photosensitive proximity focusing vacuum-based tube. This EBCMOS project is dedicated to the fluorescent and the bioluminescent high speed imaging. The results of the full characterization of the first prototype are presented. Comparative tests with different fluorescent dyes have been performed in biology laboratories. Preliminary conclusions on the ability of EBCMOS to perform fast single-molecule tracking will be given.

Published
2009

6. New Developments of Scintillating Crystal-Based Hybrid Single Photon Detectors (X-HPDs) for Charged Particle and Neutrino Detection Applications

Author

G. Hallewell, B. Combettes, J. Busto, A-G Dehaine, I. Al Samarai, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, KM3NeT, and Cristofol, Danielle

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Photocathode, Optics, KM3NeT, Neutrino detector, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Photonics, [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Extremely large telescope, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

Scintillating crystal-based hybrid photon detectors have been demonstrated as viable single photon detectors since 1996 in the Lake Baikal neutrino telescope. Prior to this, the Philips XP2600 was developed under the DUMAND program, while more recently, developments at CERN have demonstrated the advantages of a true concentric geometry with a scintillator at the geometric centre of a spherical photocathode, giving almost 100% electrostatic collection efficiency over 3π solid angle coverage. We began the development of a new series of quasi-spherical crystal hybrid photon detectors (the Photonis XP2608 series) for use in the future KM3NeT cubic kilometer-scale deep sea neutrino telescope. The thrust of this R&D was to investigate the industrialization of the crystal hybrid photon detector to the point where it would represent a significant cost reduction per cubic kilometer of instrumented volume compared to conventional large photomultipliers, thereby allowing extremely large telescope target volumes. Such gains would arise through an all-glass envelope, ‘internal’ processing of the photocathode, and from the use of an inexpensive scintillating crystal or deposited phosphor viewed by a small photomultiplier. Details of these developments are presented.

Published
2009

7. Development of scintillating Crystal Hybrid Photon Detectors for the KM3NeT (km3 -scale) Deep-Sea Neutrino Telescope

Author

Alsamarai, I., Busto, J., Combettes, B., Dornic, D., Hallewell, G., Dehaine, A.-G., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, and KM3NeT

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, X-HPD, Scintillating crysta, Hybrid single photon detector, Neutrino telescope, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

Scintillating crystal-based hybrid photon detectors have been demonstrated as viable single photon detectors since 1996 in the Lake Baikal neutrino telescope. Prior to this, the Philips XP2600 was developed under the DUMAND program, while more recently, developments at CERN have demonstrated the advantages of a true concentric geometry with a scintillator at the geometric centre of a spherical photocathode, giving almost 100% electrostatic collection efficiency over 3π solid angle coverage. We have started to develop a new series of quasi-spherical crystal hybrid photon detectors starting at 8 in. and progressing toward the maximum that can be fitting in a standard 17 in. optical pressure sphere for a future large deep-sea neutrino telescope. The thrust of this R&D will be to investigate the industrialisation of these sensors to the point where they represent a significant cost reduction per cubic kilometre of instrumented volume compared to conventional large hemispherical photomultiplier tubes, thereby allowing for extremely large telescope target volumes. Such gains will arise through an all-glass envelope, internal processing of a standard or enhanced bialkali photocathode, and either from cost reductions in the central scintillating crystal or the use of a deposited phosphor viewed by a small photomultiplier tube. Details of the development program and recent progress in the characterisation of prototypes are presented.

Published
2009

8. Scintillator-based hybrid photon detector development for the KM3NeT (km3-scale) deep sea neutrino telescope

Author

Samarai, Imen Al, Busto, J., Combettes, B., Dehaine, A.-G., Dornic, D., Hallewell, G., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, and KM3NeT

Subjects
Scintillating crystal, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, X-HPD, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Hybrid single photon detector, Neutrino telescope, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

Scintillating crystal-based hybrid photon detectors (X-HPDs) have been demonstrated as viable single photon detectors since 1996 in the Lake Baikal neutrino telescope. Prior to this, the Philips XP2600 was developed under the DUMAND program, while more recently developments at CERN have demonstrated the advantages of a true concentric geometry with a scintillator at the geometric centre of a spherical photocathode, giving almost 100% electrostatic collection efficiency over 3π solid angle coverage. We have started to develop a new series of quasi-spherical X-HPDs starting at 8 in. and progressing toward the maximum that can be fitted in a standard 17 in. optical pressure sphere for a future large deep sea neutrino telescope. The thrust of this R&D will be to investigate the industrialisation of the X-HPD to the point where it represents a significant cost reduction per cubic kilometre of instrumented volume compared to conventional PMTs, thereby allowing for extremely large telescope target volumes. Such gains will arise through an all-glass envelope, internal processing of a standard or enhanced bialkali photocathode, and either from cost reductions in the central scintillating crystal or from the use of a deposited phosphor viewed by a small PMT. Details of the development program and recent progress in the characterisation of prototypes will be presented.

Published
2009

9. First results from the Development of a New Generation of Hybrid Photon Detectors: EBCMOS

Author

Barbier, R., Depasse, P., Jerome Baudot, Dulinski, W., Winter, M., Estre, N., Laurent, N., Kaiser, C. T., Katsanevas, S., Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PHOTONIS SAS, Photonis, PHOTONIS BV, APC - Neutrinos, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
EBCMOS, MAPS, hybrid photo detector, fluorescence, single molecule tracking, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], bioluminescence, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience; The proximity focusing Hybrid Photon Detector (HPD) concept is implemented to develop a single photon sensitive Electron Bombarded CMOS (EBCMOS). The first demonstrator has been produced by the collaboration between the EBCMOS group of IPNL, the CMOS sensor group of IPHC and the R&D department of PHOTONIS. The prototype characteristics (dark current, gain, spatial and energy resolutions) are presented. The futur developments of this type of photo detector are discussed.

10. Picosecond X-ray streak camera dynamic range measurement.

Author

Zuber C, Bazzoli S, Brunel P, Fronty JP, Gontier D, Goulmy C, Raimbourg J, Rubbelynck C, and Trosseille C

Abstract

Streak cameras are widely used to record the spatio-temporal evolution of laser-induced plasma. A prototype of picosecond X-ray streak camera has been developed and tested by Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives to answer the Laser MegaJoule specific needs. The dynamic range of this instrument is measured with picosecond X-ray pulses generated by the interaction of a laser beam and a copper target. The required value of 100 is reached only in the configurations combining the slowest sweeping speed and optimization of the streak tube electron throughput by an appropriate choice of high voltages applied to its electrodes.

Published
2016
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