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Copyright of Quarterly of the History of Material Culture / Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej is the property of Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the Davis Farm and Savannah Farm archaeological sites in Polk County, Tennessee. It further discusses that Middle to Late Mississippian shell workshop and at least 25 shell gorgets were discovered at the Davis Farm; morphology and iconographic interpretations of triskele gorgets were reviewed in 2020; and Savannah Farm site had a platform mound on it and cultural components ranged from Early Archaic to Historic Cherokee and Woodland pipe found on the site.

International expeditions extensively excavated Lower Nubia (between the First and Second Nile Cataracts) before it was submerged under the waters of Lake Nasser and Lake Nubia. The expeditions concentrated on monumental architecture and cemeteries, including sites at Qustul and Serra East, where the New Kingdom, and Napatan, Meroitic, Nobadian, and Makurian-period elites and common people were buried, ca. 1400 BC–AD 1400. Although the finds abound in adornments, including bead imports from Egypt and South India/Sri Lanka, only a few traces of local glass bead-making have been recorded in Nubia so far. Based on results of laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis of 76 glass beads, pendants, and chunks from Qustul and Serra East contexts, dated between the New Kingdom and the Makuria Kingdom periods, this paper discusses the composition and provenance of two types of plant-ash soda-lime (v-Na-Ca) glass, two types of mineral soda-lime glass (m-Na-Ca), and two types of mineral-soda-high alumina (m-Na-Al) glass. It also presents the remains of a probable local glass bead-making workshop dated to the period of intensive long-distance bead trade in Northeast Africa, AD 400–600. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on two surviving portrait jewel pendants in the collections of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, and The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, both completed in 1901 by Charles de Sousy Ricketts. Topics include considered that these two pendants are replete with artistic, historic and mythological allusions but as examples of portraiture, they are exceedingly rare within Ricketts's oeuvre and merit closer inspection.

The unique round silver pendant with the motif of either an angel, an orant or a saint most probably comes from the polycultural settlement in the cadastre of Tatce, Kolín distr., in the fertile Elbe River region in central Bohemia. It was found in 2012. The pendant can be unequivocally interpreted as a Christian protective amulet. The find broadens the range of items connected to the earliest Christianity in Bohemia during the 2nd half of 9th - 11th c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pas encore classiques: La fabrique des antiquités américaines au xixe siècle Les antiquités précolombiennes sont devenues une catégorie esthétique, scientifique, commerciale et juridique reconnaissable au cours du xixe siècle. Cet article présente les acteurs, les sites et les configurations matérielles et idéologiques qui jouèrent un rôle dans sa construction et son développement. La première section examine la tradition antiquaire ibérique qui, vers le milieu du xviie siècle, a mis en circulation les artefacts d'avant la conquête en tant qu'objets épistémiques, dans le contexte de la pertinence croissante des vestiges matériels comme objets d'investigation. L'article se penche ensuite sur les scènes de collecte dans les pays d'Amérique hispanique nouvellement indépendants, où les élites créoles, les musées locaux et les étrangers, mus par leurs propres intérêts, se sont disputé les antiquités. La troisième section explore la manière dont, au milieu du xixe siècle, les « technologies du papier » ont fonctionné comme des outils heuristiques pour connaître, organiser et interpréter les antiquités, conférant une densité ontologique à des objets et groupes d'objets spécifiques et conduisant à la construction de régimes de savoirs et d'expertises dédiés. Enfin, la quatrième section reconstruit les processus nationaux et internationaux d'institutionnalisation du passé d'avant la conquête à la fin des années 1800 et au début des années 1900 – à travers la consolidation des musées nationaux et la constitution de l'archéologie et de l'ethnographie comme disciplines scientifiques – afin d'examiner comment ceux-ci ont renforcé l'importance et la signification des antiquités. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the author presents the four miniature stone mace pendants that he curated. One pendant is made of greenstone and was found by John Tilley near the Tennessee River in Hardin County, Tennessee. Also cited are the pendant made of steatite and the pendant made of Dover flint, and the stone and ceramic miniature mace artifacts found in high status burial sites in Georgia, Alabama and Florida.

The main objective of the study is to highlight the role of pendants in the general context of the jewelry art of the Northern Renaissance and Mannerism, the reasons for the popularization of this type of jewelry and offer a version of their classification. The methodological basis of the study is the application of iconological method of art history analysis to characterize the array of jewelry in the general context of artistic culture of the Renaissance and Mannerism of the countries, located north of the Alps; the historical method -- to characterize the jewelry works in a certain chronological sequence, mainly -- created in the second half of 16th and beginning of 17th centuries; comparative method -- to compare the stylistic features of jewelry of different countries of Europe and track their transformation over time. The scientific novelty of the study is in the fact that pendants of Northern Renaissance and Mannerism as the most popular type of personal jewelry have never been considered as an object of serious scientific interest, they were characterized previously in general context of arts and crafts of this period. Therefore, this essay attempts to show pendants as an independent phenomenon, a segment of jewelry fashion of the 16th and early 17th centuries in the Ukrainian science of art. The article makes an excursion into the European jewelry of the 16th century, outlines the types of jewelry in demand during this period, shows their main stylistic features. The materials and techniques preferred by the experts of Northern Europe in the 16th and early 17th centuries, the main subjects and ornamental motifs which existed in the decoration of jewelry, the reasons for their popularization are highlighted. A variant of the classification of pendants of this epoch is proposed, in which the dominant motif of the décor is chosen as the main criterion. The characteristics of individual pendants created during the Renaissance and Mannerism in Spain, the Netherlands, England, Germany, France. Data is collected from the collections of the State Hermitage in St. Petersburg, the Art Institute of Chicago, Victoria and Albert Museum and British Museum in London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the Mississippian Four-Crested-Bird (FCB) marine shell gorgets from Tennessee and Alabama. Topics discussed include design of the gorgets, distinctions between the FCB gorgets and other Mississippian gorgets, and questions that remain to be examined further about FCB gorgets.

The author shares his experience teaching to show how three-dimensional (3D) printing and modelling can put students in relationships to objects. He mentions that the Objects of Faith project involved undergraduates in religious history survey of the U.S. in making 3D models of religiously objects. He states that the pendant group made the owner of the object central to the model, while the team which worked with the hijab opted not to include a model person.

Necklaces or other decorations made from drilled animal teeth and small perforated shell beads are typical burial objects of graves from the Late Eneolithic Corded Ware culture (c. 2900-2300 BC) in the territories of the Czech Republic, based on local data, central Germany, and to lesser degree in some other European regions. The richest collection of tooth pendants and shell beads so far discovered in Bohemia, and potentially the whole of Europe, derives from the recent excavation at Prague-Březiněves (595 tooth finds; 2801 complete shell beads and their 5586 fragments). A detailed analysis of this find forms the first part of the paper. The second, comparative section reviews all available graves (134 graves) of this culture from the territories of the Czech Republic that contain decorative items made from animal material: drilled teeth and imitation teeth, small beads of shell or bone and larger discs made of shell (or sometimes bone) called "solar" discs because of the decoration based on the symbol of a cross. Altogether, over 4000 teeth finds (from 88 graves) and over 30,000 finds of shell ring (68 graves), serving as beads or pendants, were recorded. Furthermore, 58 solar discs in 37 graves were recorded. The graves discussed here are mostly of women, either young or older; but children also appear. The frequent co-occurrence of teeth and shell beads (small decorative items) and their tendency to be mutually exclusive with larger solar discs (possibly brooches with a variety of functions) attest to two phenomena. Dog teeth, especially canines and incisors, clearly predominate in the collections of drilled teeth (in Březiněves min. 502 tooth finds representing at least 403 teeth and at least 73 dogs). Teeth of wild carnivores—wolf (Canis lupus), fox (Vulpes vulpes), wild cat (Felis silvestris), badger (Meles meles), otter (Lutra lutra), smaller mustelids, and brown bear (Ursus arctos)—and deer (Cervus elaphus) provide clear evidence of their presence in the environment. Two drilled human premolars are highly exceptional finds. Decorated discs made from the shells of the non-autochthonous freshwater mussel Margaritifera auricularia found at Prague-Březiněves and other Czech sites suggest importation from western or southern Europe. Despite there being significant inter-grave differences in the composition of the collections, the regular appearance of the phenomena described in this research in c. 10% of all graves of this culture, together with the uniformities in the manufacture of the items, suggests relatively strict rules with respect to Corded Ware funeral customs. Nevertheless, differences in the proportions of artefacts within the region were observed, such as a shift to a relatively higher frequency of discs, a greater specialisation on dog canines and incisors and the exclusion of imitation teeth between typological (and probably chronological) groups of this culture. The role of dogs, the meaning of these phenomena and their relation to the broader temporo-spatial context are widely discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A NECKLACE ASSEMBLAGE from a small Anglo-Saxon cemetery in Hardingstone (Northamptonshire), was discovered during excavations in the 1960s, but until now has remained unpublished. It is an example of a type commonly found in the distinctive well-furnished female graves of the later 7th century in England and is constituted from beads and pendants, some of unusual type. This paper investigates this discovery, individually assessing the component parts of the necklace and presenting qualitative compositional analysis of the silver and glass used in their manufacture. As a case study, the Hardingstone necklace provides an opportunity to explore the meaning of these kinds of jewellery item and to better understand the prominent role of the women who wore them in 7th-century Anglo-Saxon society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's views on the history and historical sources of Christianity in Poland. It discusses archaeological objects discovered from sacred architecture and sites of Poland which include cross-shaped pendant discovered from Zagórzyce, Poland and golden Christian reliquary pendants.

The paper presents an overview of metal and glass small finds found during the final season of the Yurta--Stroyno Archaeological Project in 2016. The basic data of the collection are presented here, as well as a preliminary classification and interpretation of the selected finds. The most frequent metal from the site is iron -- featuring mainly elements of construction and different types of fittings. During the final season, parts of iron knives, a saw and metal or wood working tools such as a punch or an awl were found. A rare find is a miniature bronze axe head shaped pendant. The majority of the glass finds are body fragments of free-blown vessels. The best represented shapes are cups, beakers, wide bowls and flasks. The group of glass beads features two main types: hexagonal and flat round beads. Several new fragments of raw glass and glass production waste were found during the field survey to supplement the previous-year's findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]