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Master Thesis Proposal Institute of Political Studies Faculty of Social Sciences Charles University of Prague Supervisor: Bela Plechanovova E-mail: bela.plechanovova@fsv.cuni.cz Phone: Defense date: Author: Tala Salem E-mail: talena1703@gmail.com Phone: +420776100311 Specialization: MAIN THESIS TOPIC: HONOR KILLING OF PALESTINIAN WOMEN - A CRITICAL ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION: In my research, I'll be studying the reasons and motives that lead to honor killings in Palestine. Such acts are carried out against women whose actions are deemed unacceptable or outright taboo by the general community, or maybe by just the family members.The work shall be looking at whether honor killings are strongly correlated to social and religious reasons. As well as this, I'll also be studying what countermeasures the women can possibly take up from their end to face this issue, and also how the judicial system deals with honor killings. Research question: What are the underlying motives for honor killings in the Palestinian communities? How can we hope to find a solution to this atrocity? Literature survey: A) Scholarly: Some of the major sources I shall be utilizing for my thesis work are mentioned underneath. These works certainly assist in laying some solid groundwork to the overall topic being discussed here....

The duration of a victim's incapacity for work is a factor in sentencing for violent crimes in countries that are heirs to eighteen-century European penal codes. In this article, we consider pitfalls of this criterion. A major issue is the poor correlation between the criminal intent, the criminal act and the outcome of the injury. Furthermore, external factors unrelated to the aggression often contribute to punishment decisions under these systems. As an alternative, we highlight recent changes to the penal code in Spain. The Spanish system has replaced incapacity for work with a different health-related criterion for sentencing in personal injury cases. We argue that this approach places a greater focus on protection of bodily integrity that is more consistent with the ostensible intentions of laws against personal violence., SCOPUS: re.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

La confisca è una punizione che, a dispetto delle critiche che le sono state rivolte, ha attraversato indenne la storia del diritto penale europeo dal diritto romano fino all’epoca delle codificazioni penali. A ben vedere, poi, nemmeno queste moderne forme legislative (nate sulla spinta riformistica dell’illuminismo) sono state in grado di eliminare una misura ormai incompatibile con il principio della personalità della pena, ma che, a causa della sua utilità, continua a dimostrare, sia pure in forme e funzioni profondamente mutate, una indiscutibile vitalità. Confiscation is a punishment that, in spite of the criticisms addressed to it, has gone through the history of European criminal systems from Roman law up to the modern penal codes. After all, even these new legislative models (encouraged by the Enlightenment thought) have not been able to eliminate a measure now incompatible with the principle of the personality of the punishment, but which, because of its usefulness, continues to demonstrate, even in profoundly changed forms and functions, an indisputable vitality.

This regional study is focused on the prevention and combat of violence against children through the internet in Latin American countries in order to illuminate problems shared by the different countries, identify the gaps in legislation, and highlight good practices in the prevention and protection of minor victims of online sexual exploitation. Framed by international and regional standards on the protection of children from online exploitation, this regional study consists of an analysis of national legislation, regulation, and private and public policy responses to protect children from violence and sexual abuse through the use of the internet and new media and technologies. The analysis reviewed constitutions and domestic laws assessing their compliance with international instruments and verifying the progress made in harmonizing with international patterns. This regional study is focused on child abuse images (CAI), more commonly identified as child pornography, and online grooming, cyberbullying, and sexting, which are the most common offenses perpetrated online that threaten a child’s right to a healthy life and sexual dignity. It takes into account research and studies related to the use and misuse of information and communication technologies (ICTs), official statistics related to crimes committed against children through the internet, and the use of ICTs by children, specifically reports produced by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Council of Europe (CoE), United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes (ECPAT), and the International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children (ICMEC). Doctrine and interviews with national authorities dealing directly with these issues were also considered.

El presente artículo describe y analiza el modus operandi y el proceso de toma de decisiones de una muestra de asaltantes de viviendas en territorio español. Mediante un análisis cualitativo de las entrevistas realizadas a 15 presos en el centro penitenciario de Ponent (Lleida, España), se corroboran en una muestra de personas condenadas (la mayoría de ellos de nacionalidad española) las principales conclusiones a las que ha llegado la investigación criminológica comparada en materia de robo en casa habitada. El análisis que se realiza a lo largo del estudio, primero en España en basarse en entrevistas a asaltantes de viviendas, se enmarca en las principales asunciones de las teorías de la oportunidad aplicadas a asaltantes de viviendas. Mediante la información aportada por las entrevistas se muestra cómo la Teoría de las Actividades Rutinarias y la Teoría de la Elección Racional gozan de una enorme capacidad explicativa cuando se aplican a este tipo de hechos delictivos, ayudando significativamente a comprender el comportamiento delictivo. Asimismo, los resultados apuntan, de forma consistente con las investigaciones previas, orientaciones precisas para una mejora en las medidas de prevención situacional y en la labor policial. Junto a ello, se sugieren nuevas líneas de trabajo para futuras investigaciones en nuestro país. The present article describes and analyzes the process of the modus operandi and decision making in a sample of burglars. Through a qualitative analysis of the interviews undertaken to 15 inmates in the state prison of Ponent (Lleida, Spain), the main findings reached by comparative criminological research in burglary are corroborated in a sample of burglars (most of them Spanish). This study, which is pioneer in Spain because of the methodology applied, is framed within the main assumptions of the so called opportunity theories in its application to burglars. The findings show that Routine Activity Theory and Rational Choice Theory are fully operating when applied to these crimes significantly helping to understand the criminals’ behavior. The findings also provide, in accordance with previous research, precise orientation for an improvement in situational prevention measures and policing. In addition these findings open new ways for future research in our country. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

The Colombian State is a Social Standing of right (that way defines it the article 1 of our Politic letter), with the one that you look for the realization of the social justice and the human intervening dignity the public authorities's grip in the beginning, rights and social duties of constitutional order. From there, it is inferred for the right to be so important Constitutional, since the principal branch is the public right insofar as you participate at all of the own it stratums juridical and specially of the structure of the status like base of all institutional political organizing, reason for which to get along well like the discipline of the right entrusted of the conceptual studies of the social standings of right, the surging of the Political Constitution is vital so much seemingly as of his interpretation, from the study of his foundations to the assimilation of one hermeneutical juridical that you lead to all the governed for the standard of standards. According to the concept previously indicated, to appraise the reach of the Constitutional Interpretation in the general context of the Magna Carta making the judicial exegesis easy and his critical contents getting to an explanatory connection of any juridical and extra-juridical problem becomes necessary. El Estado colombiano es un Estado social de derecho (así lo define el Artículo 1º de como de su interpretación, desde el estudio de sus fundamentos hasta la asimilación de una hermenéutica jurídica que encamine a todos los gobernados por la norma de normas. De acuerdo al concepto anteriormente señalado, se hace necesario valorar el alcance de la Interpretación Constitucional en el contexto general de la Carta Magna facilitando la exégesis judicial y su contenido crítico, llegando a una conexión explicativa de cualquier problema jurídico y extrajurídico.nuestra Carta Política), con el cual se busca la realización de la justicia social y la dignidad humana mediante la sujeción de las autoridades públicas a los principios, derechos y deberes sociales de orden constitucional. De allí, se desprende que sea tan importante el Derecho Constitucional, ya que es la principal rama del derecho público por cuanto participa en todos los estamentos propios de lo jurídico y especialmente de la estructura del Estado como base de todo ordenamiento institucional político, razón por la cual al entenderse como la disciplina del derecho encargada de los estudios conceptuales de los estados sociales de derecho, es vital tanto el surgimiento de la Constitución Política

We analyse optimal penal codes in both Bertrand and Cournot supergames with product differentiation. We prove that the relationship between optimal punishments and the security level (individually rational discounted profit stream) depends critically on the degree of supermodularity in the stage game, using a linear duopoly supergame with product differentiation. The security level in the punishment phase is reached only under extreme supermodularity, i.e., when products are perfect substitutes and firms are price setters. Finally, we show that Abreu's rule cannot be implemented under Cournot behaviour and strong demand complementarity between products.