Search

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after trauma exposure. Some studies report that women develop PTSD at twice the rate of men, despite greater trauma exposure in men. Lipids and their metabolites (lipidome) regulate a myriad of key biological processes and pathways such as membrane integrity, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain by maintaining neuronal connectivity and homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the lipidome of 40 adults with PTSD and 40 trauma-exposed non-PTSD individuals (n = 20/sex/condition; 19-39 years old). Plasma samples were analyzed for lipidomics using Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QToF) mass spectrometry. Additionally, ~ 90 measures were collected, on sleep, and mental and physical health indices. Poorer sleep quality was associated with greater PTSD severity in both sexes. The lipidomics analysis identified a total of 348 quantifiable known lipid metabolites and 1951 lipid metabolites that are yet unknown; known metabolites were part of 13 lipid subclasses. After adjusting for BMI and sleep quality, in women with PTSD, only one lipid subclass, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was altered, whereas, in men with PTSD, 9 out of 13 subclasses were altered compared to non-PTSD women and men, respectively. Severe PTSD was associated with 22% and 5% of altered lipid metabolites in men and women, respectively. Of the changed metabolites, only 0.5% measures (2 PEs and cholesterol) were common between women and men with PTSD. Several sphingomyelins, PEs, ceramides, and triglycerides were increased in men with severe PTSD. The correlations between triglycerides and ceramide metabolites with cholesterol metabolites and systolic blood pressure were dependent upon sex and PTSD status. Alterations in triglycerides and ceramides are linked with cardiac health and metabolic function in humans. Thus, disturbed sleep and higher body mass may have contributed to changes in the lipidome found in PTSD.

Introduction: Orthopaedic surgeries like Total Knee Replacement (TKR), Total Hip Replacement (THR) and surgery of hip fractures are some of the commonly performed procedures. However, patients undergoing major elective orthopaedic surgery are in the highest risk category for thromboembolism (VTE). Material and Methods: A prospective open label clinical trial titled, “pharmacological prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in arthroplasty and hip fracture surgeries” was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, in a tertiary hospital, Mangalore between July 2021 and July 2022. Observation and Result: The data was entered and was analyzed for descriptive statistics. Data in the form of percentage and frequency distribution will be presented in the form of tables and graphs. Summary and Conclusion: Venous thrombo embolism (VTE), which consists of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, is a potentially fatal disease. Studies reported in Asian population have reported a consistent lower incidence of VTE than Western population, though the incidence of VTE had increased among Asian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metacognition refers to the ability to monitor and control one's cognitive processes, which plays an important role in decision‐making throughout the lifespan. It is still debated whether metacognitive abilities decline with age. Neuroimaging evidence suggests that metacognition is served by domain‐specific mechanisms. These domains may differentially decline with increasing age. The current investigates whether the error‐related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) which reflect error detection and error awareness, respectively, differ across perceptual and memory domains in young and older adults. In total, 38 young adults and 37 older adults completed a classic Flanker Task (perceptual) and an adapted memory‐based version. No difference in ERN amplitude was found between young and older adults and across domains. Perceptual ERN peaked earlier than Memory ERN. Memory ΔERN was larger than Perceptual ΔERN. Pe was smaller in older adults and ΔPe was larger for perceptual than memory flanker. Memory Pe peaked earlier in young as compared to older adults. Multivariate analyses of whole scalp data supported cross‐domain differences. During the task, ERN decreased in young but not in older adults. Memory Pe decreased in young adults but increased in older adults while no significant change in perceptual Pe was found. The study's findings suggest that neural correlates of error monitoring differ across cognitive domains. Moreover, it was shown that error awareness declines in old age but its within‐task dynamics vary across cognitive domains. Possible mechanisms underlying metacognition impairments in aging are discussed. The present study employed a novel memory version of the Flanker task and demonstrated domain‐specific differences in error monitoring neurophysiology in young and older adults. Moreover, we found that Pe was smaller in older adults but its within‐task dynamics varied across cognitive domains. Our findings offer novel insights into neurophysiology of metacognition and have relevant implication for evaluating metacognitive impairments in aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I reflect on the presence of ableism in the discourse surrounding physical education in Chile. The purpose of this article was to highlight three areas where ableism is ingrained. First, I examined historical actions within the Chilean physical education system that prioritize White ideals and able-bodied individuals. Second, I examined curriculum and evaluation recommendations that overlook the unique needs of disabled students. Finally, I critique pedagogical practices that, under the guise of inclusion, implicitly strive to meet normative levels of functionality. In conclusion, ableism intersects with colonialism in the Global South, specifically Latin America, leading to unreasonable expectations for all students, including disabled students, in the realm of physical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite plates comprising a blend of rare earth neodymium-(Nd) doped M-type barium ferrite (BaM) with CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and polyethylene WERE synthesized through a self-propagating reaction and hot-pressing treatment. The plates' microscopic characteristics were analyzed utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), thermo–gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analytical techniques. Their microwave absorption performance within the frequency range of 8.2 to 18 GHz was assessed using a vector network analyzer. It showed that CNTs formed a conductive network on the surface of the Nd-BaM absorber, significantly enhancing absorption performance and widening the absorption bandwidth. Furthermore, dielectric polarization relaxation was investigated using the Debye theory, analyzing the Cole–Cole semicircle. It was observed that the sample exhibiting the best absorbing performance displayed the most semicircles, indicating that the dielectric polarization relaxation phenomenon can increase the dielectric relaxation loss of the sample. These findings provide valuable data support for the lightweight preparation of BaM-based absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhanced error monitoring, as indexed by increased amplitude of the error‐related negativity (ERN) event‐related potential (ERP) component, has been suggested to reflect a vulnerability neuro‐marker of anxiety disorders. Another error‐related ERP component is the error positivity (Pe), which reflects late‐stage error processing. The associations between heightened ERN and Pe amplitudes and anxiety levels in the nonclinical population have been inconsistent. In this preregistered study, we examined the association between anxiety, ERN, and Pe, using different analytical methods (mass‐univariate analyses, MUAs and conventional analyses), self‐reported anxiety scales (STAI and STICSA), and trial numbers (all correct trials and equal numbers of correct and error trials). In a sample of 82 healthy adults, both conventional and MUAs demonstrated a robust enhancement of the ERN and Pe to errors relative to the correct‐response ERPs. However, the mass‐univariate approach additionally unveiled a wider array of electrodes and a longer effect duration for this error enhancement. Across the analytic methods, the results showed a lack of consistent correlation between trait anxiety and error‐related ERPs. Findings were not modulated by trial numbers, analyses, or anxiety scales. The present results suggest a lack of enhancement of error monitoring by anxious traits in individuals with subclinical anxiety and those with clinical anxiety but without a clinical diagnosis. Importantly, the absence of such correlation questions the validity of the ERN as a neural marker for anxiety disorders. Future studies that investigate neuro‐markers of anxiety may explore alternative task designs and employ robust statistics to provide a more comprehensive understanding of anxiety vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic addition to bitumen increases the stiffness of the binder, reduces its workability due to the increase in viscosity, and causes storage stability issues. Thus, plastic pre-treatment methods are needed. This research aims to address these shortcomings by developing a wax derived from the pyrolysis of polyethylene (PE) waste and investigating its efficacy as an additive in virgin bitumen and bitumen modified with recycled polypropylene (PP). Penetration, softening point, segregation, stress ratio, consistency, stiffness, and viscosity of the modified bitumen were measured. The interior structure and chemical changes of the proposed binders were also studied using a fluorescence microscope and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). When virgin bitumen is modified with 7% PE wax, its softening point increases (+ 15%), its viscosity is reduced (− 27%), and no segregation issue is observed. It also presented a stiffness increase (+ 32%) and better resistance to hot climates. Adding 7% of PE wax to bitumen modified with 5% PP reduces its viscosity by 70% and segregation by 26% while increasing its stiffness and rutting resistance in comparison to the bitumen solely modified with PP. These results reveal that, in addition to enhancing bitumen properties, the proposed substance reduces compaction and mixing energy requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cirrhosis causes an imbalance in the coagulation pathway and leads to a tendency for both bleeding and clotting. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be associated with a hypercoagulable state. This study examines SARS-CoV-2's impact on hemostasis in compensated patients with cirrhosis. Methods: We analyzed the US Collaborative Network, which comprises 63 HCOs in the U.S.A. Compensated cirrhosis patients were split into two groups: SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative. Patients' baseline characteristics were used in a 1:1 propensity score-matched module to create comparable cohorts. We compared the risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE) at 6 months, and 1 and 3 years. Results: Of 330,521 patients, 27% tested positive and 73% remained negative. After PSM, both cohorts included 74,738 patients. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 had a higher rate of PVT compared to those without at 6 months (0.63% vs 0.5%, p < 0.05), 1 year (0.8% vs 0.6%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.05), a higher rate of DVT at 6 months (0.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), 1 year (1% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1.4% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.05), and a higher rate of PE at 6 months (0.6% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.05), 1 year (0.7% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with compensated cirrhosis was associated with a higher rate of PVT, DVT, and PE at 6 months, and 1 and 3 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after trauma exposure. Some studies report that women develop PTSD at twice the rate of men, despite greater trauma exposure in men. Lipids and their metabolites (lipidome) regulate a myriad of key biological processes and pathways such as membrane integrity, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain by maintaining neuronal connectivity and homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the lipidome of 40 adults with PTSD and 40 trauma-exposed non-PTSD individuals (n = 20/sex/condition; 19–39 years old). Plasma samples were analyzed for lipidomics using Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QToF) mass spectrometry. Additionally, ~ 90 measures were collected, on sleep, and mental and physical health indices. Poorer sleep quality was associated with greater PTSD severity in both sexes. The lipidomics analysis identified a total of 348 quantifiable known lipid metabolites and 1951 lipid metabolites that are yet unknown; known metabolites were part of 13 lipid subclasses. After adjusting for BMI and sleep quality, in women with PTSD, only one lipid subclass, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was altered, whereas, in men with PTSD, 9 out of 13 subclasses were altered compared to non-PTSD women and men, respectively. Severe PTSD was associated with 22% and 5% of altered lipid metabolites in men and women, respectively. Of the changed metabolites, only 0.5% measures (2 PEs and cholesterol) were common between women and men with PTSD. Several sphingomyelins, PEs, ceramides, and triglycerides were increased in men with severe PTSD. The correlations between triglycerides and ceramide metabolites with cholesterol metabolites and systolic blood pressure were dependent upon sex and PTSD status. Alterations in triglycerides and ceramides are linked with cardiac health and metabolic function in humans. Thus, disturbed sleep and higher body mass may have contributed to changes in the lipidome found in PTSD.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Placental hypoxia is hazardous to maternal health as well as fetal growth and development. Preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction are common pregnancy problems, and one of the causes is placental hypoxia. Placental hypoxia is linked to a number of pregnancy illnessesv. To investigate their potential function in anoxic circumstances, we mimicked the anoxic environment of HTR-8/Svneo cells and performed lncRNA and circRNA studies on anoxic HTR-8/Svneo cells using high-throughput RNA sequencing. The miRNA target genes were predicted by integrating the aberrant expression of miRNAs in the placenta of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, and a ceRNA network map was developed to conduct a complete transcriptomic and bioinformatics investigation of circRNAs and lncRNAs. The signaling pathways in which the genes were primarily engaged were predicted using GO and KEGG analyses. To propose a novel explanation for trophoblastic organism failure caused by lncRNAs and circRNAs in an anoxic environment.

Plastic pollution poses a worldwide environmental challenge, affecting wildlife and human health. Assessing the biodegradation capabilities of natural microbiomes in environments contaminated with microplastics is crucial for mitigating the effects of plastic pollution. In this work, we evaluated the potential of landfill leachate (LL) and estuarine sediments (ES) to biodegrade polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polycaprolactone (PCL), under aerobic, anaerobic, thermophilic, and mesophilic conditions. PCL underwent extensive aerobic biodegradation with LL (99 ± 7%) and ES (78 ± 3%) within 50–60 days. Under anaerobic conditions, LL degraded 87 ± 19% of PCL in 60 days, whereas ES showed minimal biodegradation (3 ± 0.3%). PE and PET showed no notable degradation. Metataxonomics results (16S rRNA sequencing) revealed the presence of highly abundant thermophilic microorganisms assigned to Coprothermobacter sp. (6.8% and 28% relative abundance in anaerobic and aerobic incubations, respectively). Coprothermobacter spp. contain genes encoding two enzymes, an esterase and a thermostable monoacylglycerol lipase, that can potentially catalyze PCL hydrolysis. These results suggest that Coprothermobacter sp. may be pivotal in landfill leachate microbiomes for thermophilic PCL biodegradation across varying conditions. The anaerobic microbial community was dominated by hydrogenotrophic methanogens assigned to Methanothermobacter sp. (21%), pointing at possible syntrophic interactions with Coprothermobacter sp. (a H2-producer) during PCL biodegradation. In the aerobic experiments, fungi dominated the eukaryotic microbial community (e.g., Exophiala (41%), Penicillium (17%), and Mucor (18%)), suggesting that aerobic PCL biodegradation by LL involves collaboration between fungi and bacteria. Our findings bring insights on the microbial communities and microbial interactions mediating plastic biodegradation, offering valuable perspectives for plastic pollution mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Placental hypoxia is hazardous to maternal health as well as fetal growth and development. Preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction are common pregnancy problems, and one of the causes is placental hypoxia. Placental hypoxia is linked to a number of pregnancy illnessesv. To investigate their potential function in anoxic circumstances, we mimicked the anoxic environment of HTR-8/Svneo cells and performed lncRNA and circRNA studies on anoxic HTR-8/Svneo cells using high-throughput RNA sequencing. The miRNA target genes were predicted by integrating the aberrant expression of miRNAs in the placenta of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, and a ceRNA network map was developed to conduct a complete transcriptomic and bioinformatics investigation of circRNAs and lncRNAs. The signaling pathways in which the genes were primarily engaged were predicted using GO and KEGG analyses. To propose a novel explanation for trophoblastic organism failure caused by lncRNAs and circRNAs in an anoxic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to cigarette smoke is known to induce disease during pregnancy. Recent evidence showed that exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) negatively impacts fetal and placental weights, leading to the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Electronic cigarettes (eCigs) represent a phenomenon that has recently emerged, and their use is also steadily rising. Even so, the effects of SHS or eCigs during gestation remain limited. In the present study, we wanted to characterize the effects of SHS or eCig exposure at two different important gestational points during mouse pregnancy. C57/Bl6 mice were exposed to SHS or eCigs via a nose-only delivery system for 4 days (from 14.5 to 17.5 gestational days (dGA) or for 6 days (from 12.5 dGA to 17.5 dGA)). At the time of necropsy (18.5 dGA), placental and fetal weights were recorded, maternal blood pressure was determined, and a dipstick test to measure proteinuria was performed. Placental tissues were collected, and inflammatory molecules in the placenta were identified. Treatment with SHS showed the following: (1) a significant decrease in placental and fetal weights following four days of exposure, (2) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure following six days of exposure, and (3) increased proteinuria after six days of exposure. Treatment with eCigs showed the following: (1) a significant decrease in placental weight and fetal weight following four or six days of exposure, (2) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure following six days of exposure, and (3) increased proteinuria after six days of exposure. We also observed different inflammatory markers associated with the development of IUGR or PE. We conclude that the detrimental effects of SHS or eCig treatment coincide with the length of maternal exposure. These results could be beneficial in understanding the long-term effects of SHS or eCig exposure in the development of placental diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intensive inpatient treatment programs have shown robust results in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). How patients experience this treatment program and what changes they experience as a result of the treatment have, however, only scarcely been explored through qualitative studies. Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived experience of participants in an intensive inpatient trauma treatment program. Our research questions were as follows: how do patients experience intensive trauma-focused treatment? How do they experience possible changes related to participating in the treatment program? Methods: Six patients diagnosed with PTSD with significant comorbidities, who recently participated in an intensive 2-week (4 + 4 days) inpatient trauma treatment program with prolonged exposure (PE), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and therapist rotation (TR), were interviewed with a semi-structured qualitative interview. Transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Our analysis resulted in five main themes: (1) the need to feel safe; (2) the benefits of many and different therapeutic encounters; (3) variable experience with elements of treatment; (4) intensity; and (5) experienced change. Our results suggest that feeling safe within the framework of the treatment program facilitated the treatment process. Many and different therapeutic encounters, both through TR and with ward staff, contributed to experienced change. All participants described the intensity as facilitative to trauma processing. However, most participants also describe often feeling too overwhelmed to benefit from all elements of the treatment program. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that participants experience the overall treatment program as beneficial and contributing to experienced change. Participants described the intensity of the program as exhausting, but necessary. Most did, however, report at times of being too overwhelmed to benefit from elements of the program. Consequently, our results prompt us to question the optimal level of intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncemented acetabular components are widely used in modern total hip arthroplasty (THA). Modularity has numerous advantages including the ability to use supplementary screw fixation for the shell, and allow to switch from ceramic to polyethylene (PE) bearings and vice versa, and the use of lipped and face-changing liners. Despite these advantages, a problem with modular PE liners is dissociation. This is a rare complication in modern implants. The rate of liner dissociation is reported to be very low between 0.17% and 0.8%. Typical symptoms are sudden onset of groin pain in a previously well-functioning hip joint, followed by grinding or clicking sensations during hip joint motions indicating, that the femoral head is articulating with the metal acetabular shell rather than with the PE liner. Any newly observed noise or squeaking from a THA should undergo radiographic investigation to exclude liner dissociation. We present the case of an 88-yearold male patient who developed PE liner dissociation in a cementless THA with a Pinnacle acetabular component six years after the index operation. We recommended revision of the left hip, which was performed two days later. In the interim, the patient was advised to use a pair of crutches. During revision surgery, it was observed that the metal head made contact with the cementless cup shell without damaging it from a macroscopic standpoint. Consequently, a simple exchange of the PE liner was conducted, and a 36 mm metal head was implanted due to scratches on the original head. Early diagnosis facilitates a straightforward exchange of the liner along with the head, potentially preserving the osseous integrated cup shell and stem integrity. Routine radiologic follow-up allows to distinguish between PE liner dissociation and severe PE wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary embolism is a debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease characterized by high mortality and long-term adverse outcomes. Traditional treatment options are fraught with serious bleeding risks and incomplete thrombus removal, necessitating the development of innovative treatment strategies. While new interventional approaches offer promising potential for improved outcomes with fewer serious complications, their rapid development and need for more comparative clinical evidence makes it challenging for physicians to select the optimal treatment for each patient among the many options. This review summarizes the current published clinical data for both traditional treatments and more recent interventional approaches indicated for pulmonary embolism. While published studies thus far suggest that these newer interventional devices offer safe and effective options, more data is needed to understand their impact relative to the standard of care. The studies in progress that are anticipated to provide needed evidence are reviewed here since they will be critical for helping physicians make informed treatment choices and potentially driving necessary guideline changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a dearth of research with LGBTQI+ youth in PE and school sport, with particularly deep silences in relation to trans youth. Drawing from a qualitative study with trans and gender diverse youth in second-level schools in Ireland, this paper explores how trans and gender diverse young people are negotiating PE and school sport. A total of nineteen trans and gender diverse young people participated in this study; thirteen young people participated in semi-structured interviews while twelve young people took part in three arts-based workshops. In this paper, we home in on the modalities of inclusion experienced by trans and gender diverse young people as they navigated gendered classification and ordering practices in PE and school sport. Leaning on theoretical insights into the politics of inclusion for LGBTQI+ people, we demonstrate the limited effects of supporting trans and gender diverse young people via individualising methods of inclusion when PE and school-based sport are predicated so fundamentally on an intensely policed cis-heteronormative gender binary. Ultimately, the accounts of the young people in this study steer us towards the necessity to move beyond individualist modalities of inclusion and reimagine the architecture of gender at work in PE and school sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present empirical study reports on an experiment in which 20 participants (actual job applicants) were asked to post-edit a 394-word legal Google translated text (GTT) to investigate the type of post edits done in relation to the quality of the product as assessed by the recruitment test assessors in the translation service provider. For the purposes of the empirical research, participants were categorized in two groups; translators with practical experience between 3-5 years and trainees (recent translation graduates) with no practical experience. Assessors at the translation service provider used LISA QA model 3.1 version for quality assessment. The three factors investigated by assessors were time spent on the task, number and type of changes (post-edits) as well as the quality of the final post-edited text based on errors committed in the postediting (PE). Results reveal a correlation between the type and number of edits done by participants and the quality of the final output and consequently a correlation between practical experience and the quality of the post-edited output. The research unveils some areas that need to be improved in the study plans at the translator training programs in Jordan, particularly in relation to PE efficiency. Results also imply that general experience in translation may not be enough to excel in post-editing specialized texts that require special knowledge in a given subject matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Understanding complex systems is made easier with the tools provided by the theory of nonlinear dynamic systems. It provides novel ideas, algorithms, and techniques for signal processing, analysis, and classification. Presently, these ideas are being applied to the investigation of how physiological signals evolve. OBJECTIVE: The study applies nonlinear dynamics theory to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to better comprehend the range of alcoholic mental states. One of the main contributions of this paper is an algorithm for automatically distinguishing between sober and drunken EEG signals based on their salient features. METHODS: The study utilized various entropy-based features, including ApEn, SampEn, Shannon and Renyi entropies, PE, TS, FE, WE, and KSE, to extract information from EEG signals. To identify the most relevant features, the study employed ranking methods like T -test, Wilcoxon, and Bhattacharyya, and trained SVM classifiers with the selected features. The Bhattacharyya ranking method was found to be the most effective in achieving high classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: Classification accuracy of 95.89%, the sensitivity of 94.43%, and specificity of 96.67% are achieved by the SVM classifier with radial basis function (RBF) for polynomial Kernel using the Bhattacharyya ranking method. CONCLUSION: From the result, it is clear that the model serves as a cost-effective and accurate decision-support tool for doctors in diagnosing alcoholism and for rehabilitation centres to monitor the effectiveness of interventions aimed at mitigating or reversing brain damage caused by alcoholism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents an innovative approach for the utilization of industrial by-products and municipal waste in the production of sustainable and environmentally friendly cement mortar. We explored stabilized stainless-steel reduced slag (SSRS) and polyethylene (PE) plastic waste as partial replacements for aggregates. Various engineering properties of the resulting cement mortar specimens, including the slump, slump flow, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, water absorption, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), were investigated through comprehensive experimental tests. The influence of different water–cement (w/c) or water–binder (w/b) ratios and substitution amounts on the engineering properties of the cement mortar samples was thoroughly examined. The findings revealed that an increase in PE substitution adversely affected the overall workability of the cement mortar mixtures, whereas an increase in the SSRS amount contributed to enhanced workability. As for the hardened properties, a consistent trend was observed in both cases, with higher w/c or w/b ratios and substitution amounts leading to reduced mechanical properties. Water absorption and UPV test results validated the increased formation of porosity with higher w/c or w/b ratios and substitution amounts. This study proposes a promising method to effectively repurpose industrial by-products and municipal waste, transforming them into sustainable construction and building materials. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the transportation costs and carbon footprint emissions between SSRS–cement mortar and PE–cement mortar was conducted to assess their environmental impact and sustainability. Generally, higher w/c or w/b ratios and replacement levels corresponded with a reduced carbon footprint. The geographical location of the source of SSRS and PE remains a challenge and studies to overcome this challenge must be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the management of strengthening literacy culture in Physical Education (PE) 2013 Curriculum learning at Indonesia’s junior high school level, combines concurrent embedded model research, with quantitative methods as primary methods and qualitative methods as secondary methods. The quantitative research sample was 105 junior high school PE teacher respondents in eight provinces who represented descriptions of strengthening the literacy culture of PE learning in their respective schools. The qualitative sample consisted of 6 participants consisting of 2 principals, 3 curriculum representatives, and 1 senior middle school PE teacher. Quantitative data was taken using a 1-4 Likert scale questionnaire, while qualitative data was taken using semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data analysis uses descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS, while qualitative data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The quantitative research results show that planning to strengthen literacy culture in learning is included in the good category, with a score of 88.73%. This is supported by qualitative data, which states that the planning to strengthen the PE learning literacy culture has gone well. The implementation of strengthening literacy culture in learning is also in the good category, with a score of 87.08%. This is supported by qualitative data, which states that the implementation of strengthening PE learning literacy culture has been carried out and is going quite well. The assessment of strengthening literacy culture in learning is in a good category, with a score of 84.76%. This is supported by qualitative data, which states that the assessment of strengthening literacy culture in PE learning in the 2013 curriculum has gone well. Supporting factors for the implementation of strengthening literacy culture in PE learning in the 2013 curriculum from the aspects of planning, implementation, and assessment, namely: Availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure, a conducive learning atmosphere, the concept of implementing the 2013 curriculum, local government regulations that encourage school literacy movements, consistency of the head schools, the enthusiasm and skills of teaching staff, student motivation for literacy, as well as the implementation of comprehensive tests to measure student learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design. Single-center retrospective chart review study. Objective. This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of prophylactic inferior vena cava (IVC) filter use for pulmonary embolism (PE) prevention in spine surgery patients. Summary of Background Data. IVC filters can serve an important prophylactic role in preventing PE, though research involving spine surgery patients is sparse. Materials and Methods. This Institutional Review Board-approved single-center retrospective study assessed the characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent spine surgery and received perioperative IVC filters for PE prophylaxis from January 2007 until December 2021. Clinical outcomes centered primarily on the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) as well as complications related to filter placement and retrieval. Thrombi that may have been entrapped by the filters were recorded incidentally on computed tomography or during the filter retrieval procedure. Results. This cohort included 380 spine surgery patients (female 51%/male 49%; median age, 61) who had received perioperative prophylactic IVC filters. The mean dwell time was 6.7 months (1-39 mo), with an overall 62% retrieval rate. Retrievals were further categorized by retrieval complexity, with 92% classified as routine and 8% as involving advanced removal techniques, while complications involved 1% (four retrievals) and were all minor. Regarding VTE event occurrence, deep vein thrombi (DVT) were experienced by 11% of patients in the postplacement period, with 1% (n=4) experiencing a PE. There were 11 incidences of thrombi that were found within or near the filters (2.9%). A multivariate analysis further assessed patient characteristics that correlated with the occurrence of PE, DVT, entrapped filter thrombi, advanced technique filter removal, and removal complications. Conclusions. IVC filters in this high-risk spine surgery cohort achieved a relatively low rate of DVT and PE as well as a low complication rate, whereas several patient characteristics were identified that correlated with VTE events and filter retrieval outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precarious employment (PE), which encompasses the power relations between workers and employers, is a well-established social determinant of health that has strong ramifications for health and health inequity. In this review, we discuss advances in the measurement of this multidimensional construct and provide recommendations for overcoming continued measurement challenges. We then evaluate recent evidence of the negative health impacts of PE, with a focus on the burgeoning studies from North America and South America. We also establish the role of PE in maintaining and perpetuating health inequities and review potential policy solutions to help alleviate its health burden. Last, we discuss future research directions with a call for a better understanding of the heterogeneity within PE and for research that focuses both on upstream drivers that shape PE and its impacts on health, as well as on the mechanisms by which PE causes poor health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pulmonary emboli (PE) is a life threatening condition that discovered in many patients only "post mortem". Sub massive and massive PE that led to hemodynamic collapse characterized by right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, leading to a higher risk of death. Objectives: To assess the ability to predict in hospital death of patients with acute PE, using a non-gated computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), based on the dimensions of the right ventricle. Methods: A retrospective study that analyzed CTPA images of patients admitted with acute PE during the years 2012–2017. The cohort study included 300 patients with documented acute PE, among them 255 hospitalized in medical (non-intensive care unit) wards, 45 were hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU). Results: Among the 45 patients admitted to the ICU 8% died. Larger RV diameters predicted mortality (OR = 10.14, 95% CI [1.09–93.86]) as well as lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements (p = 0.001 and 0.01). Among the 255 patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Ward 7% died. Older age (p = 0.028), sepsis and cancer (both p < 0.001), high WBCs count (p < 0.001), and renal failure (p < 0.001) predicted death. Lower blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) (p < 0.001, 0.008), older age (p < 0.007), sepsis (p < 0.001), cancer (p = 0.006), higher WBCs count (p < 0.001), and impaired renal function (p < 0.001) predicted death in patients admitted with acute PE. Conclusions: Clinical parameters and hematological parameters could predict death of patients admitted with acute PE. RV diameter, measured by the non-ECG gated CTPA, had an additive predictive value for patients who admitted to the ICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aging processes of microplastics (MPs) are prevalent in natural environments. Understanding the aging mechanisms of MPs is crucial for assessing their environmental behavior and potential risks. In this study, we selected polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene (PE) as representatives of biodegradable and conventional plastics, respectively, to examine changes in their physicochemical properties induced by water and UV light exposure. Laboratory aging resulted in significant fragmentation, characterized by cracks and pores on the surfaces, for both types of MPs, with PLA MPs exhibiting more severe changes, particularly under combined UV and water exposure. Notably, PLA MPs tended to become progressively smaller after aging, whereas PE MPs did not show significant size changes. Chemical analyses of aged MPs using micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed a substantial increase in the carbonyl index (CI) and oxygen content for PE, suggesting surface oxidation during photo-oxidation. Conversely, PLA MPs displayed a CI decrease, along with an oxygen content increase, indicating the breakdown of ester linkages in PLA and the formation of other oxidation products. Furthermore, we developed and optimized pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) methods to identify potential chemical degradation products of PE and PLA, considering their differing thermal stabilities. We observed a distinct trend regarding the peaks in the chromatogram of aged MPs and identified the typical oxidation and crosslinking products for PLA. Additionally, after the aging process, both PE and PLA exhibited a significant increase in organic carbon content, with the eluate containing submicron/nano-sized particles. This study provides a scientific foundation for a deeper understanding of the environmental aging mechanisms of various MPs, particularly in regards to the effects of UV irradiation and water exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Cyanobacteria are highly regarded for their nutritional value and the scientific community has shown great interest in studying their biological activity and bioactive compounds, especially pigments. They have a wide range of properties, making them potentially useful in various health applications, including dermatology. Given the growing demand for natural products and actives in the cosmetics and medical sectors, these microorganisms have emerged as a valuable source. Therefore, this study investigated the bioactivity of phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) extracted from Nostoc sp. and Spirulina sp. on CCD-966SK cell lines, specifically focusing on apoptosis, necrosis, anti-inflammatory effects, and enzymatic reactions. Methods: The study involved conducting various bioassays on a human skin fibroblast cell line (CCD-966SK) after performing cyanobacterial cell culture, pigment extraction, and fibroblast cell culture. The bioassays included the MTT test, TNF-α and IL-6 release assays, measurement of human collagen I and III, assessment of apoptosis and necrosis, and analysis of enzyme activity for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Results: The cytotoxicity test results indicated that higher concentrations of PE and PC were associated with lower survival rates. The flow cytometry analysis confirmed a significant increase in necrotic cells and a decrease in living cells at high concentrations of both pigments. The largest percentages of collagen I for PC and PE were identified at 125 and 62.5 ppm, whereas the lowest quantities were reported at 1000 ppm for both pigments. PC and PE had the highest collagen II concentrations at 3.91 and 15.63 ppm, respectively. PC and PE had the lowest collagen II levels at 1000 ppm. PE and PC released anti-inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-a cytokines, indicating high inflammation resistance. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations showed that both pigments were most active at 1000 ppm. Conclusion: In conclusion, both PC and PE pigments exhibited positive effects in enhancing necrotic, anti-inflammatory, and enzymatic activity against the human skin fibroblast cell line.

Purpose: Education policies require inclusive practices across student learning environments internationally. In Canada, provinces and territories oversee their own curriculum development. This study presents a critical discourse analysis of how inclusive education is addressed within Ontario's 2015 Health and Physical Education Curriculum, Grades 9–12. Method: Fairclough and Chouliaraki's approach to critical discourse analysis, which encompasses structural, linguistic, and interdiscursive analysis, was used to show how language is interwoven within ideologies of physical education to represent inclusivity. Results: Three discourses were identified: (a) the discourse of equity and inclusion, (b) the discourse of opportunity, and (c) the discourse of positive outcomes. The curriculum reflects inclusivity through overt language and intention, holding the possibility for choice and opportunities beyond traditional notions of physical education. Discussion: Concerns included whether ideals presented in the curriculum reflect the realities of "discourse in action." Transformative discourses within physical education should emerge from the student voice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Preliminary evidence shows promising treatment outcomes at short-term follow-up for intensive posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment, but long-term follow-up studies are sparse. This study is a sequel to a previous pilot study and open trial, set out to investigate treatment outcomes at 12-month follow-up for outpatients completing an 8-day intensive treatment for PTSD. Methods: All patients were diagnosed with PTSD and had multiple previous psychotherapy attempts (M = 3.1). Patients were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3- and 12-month follow-up. Of 35 treated patients, 32 (91.4%) attended the long-term follow-up assessment. The treatment programme combined prolonged exposure therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and physical activity. Results: The effect sizes indicated large reductions in symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, interpersonal problems, and well-being. Changes in functioning showed a small-medium effect. Results were stable across the follow-up period. The treatment response rates showed that 46–60% of patients achieved recovery with respect to PTSD symptoms, and that 44–48% no longer met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Conclusions: Time-limited and concentrated outpatient treatment for PTSD can yield large and enduring positive outcomes. Controlled trials are needed to establish relative efficacy. Trial registration: The study was registered in Current Research Information System In Norway (Cristin). Cristin-project-ID: 654,790. Date of registration: 18.03.2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preeclampsia is one of the pregnancy complications characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, most often the liver and kidneys. It usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy. This disease encompasses 2 to 8% of pregnancy-related complications, greater than 50,000 maternal deaths, and over 500,000 fetal deaths worldwide (12), according to the annual statistical book from Ministry of Health King Saudi Arabia preeclampsia cases at 2017 in hospitals was 4292 cases. This study aims to estimate the level of awareness and knowledge of preeclampsia among women in Saudi Arabia. Because the literature shows a remarkably lack of knowledge of PE among women in Saudi Arabia. This is a cross sectional study conducted in 2023. A total of 390 women ages ranged from 18 to 60 years were included in the study and given a self-administered web-based questionnaire. The study uses the general knowledge about pre-eclampsia as one of the three measurements, together with sociodemographic data and the conceptual history of pregnancy. A total of 390 participants were enrolled in this study. Of the total sample of 66.7% had poor awareness level regarding preeclampsia while 33.3% had good awareness level. However, it was found that about one-third of the participants had an overall good awareness for preeclampsia. More than half of them heard about preeclampsia. The reports that the level of preeclampsia awareness in Saudi Arabia is low. Factors associated with women awareness level regarding preeclampsia are employment, high level of education and family history of preeclampsia. Two thirds of low awareness is alarming, which emphasize the importance of enhancing the awareness of pre-eclampsia among Saudi women that helps fasten medical seek with low complications of both mothers and fetuses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract—It has been 10 years since CRISPR/Cas technology was applied to edit the genomes of various organisms. Its ability to produce a double-strand break in a DNA region specified by the researcher started a revolution in bioengineering. Later, the Base Editing (BE) method was developed. BE is performed via the formation of single-strand breaks by the mutant form of Cas nuclease (nickase), fused with deaminases and other enzymes. It can be used to promote A G and C T transitions, and a C → G transversion. Just over 3 years ago, a new Prime Editing (PE) variant of CRISPR/Cas was invented. Unlike BE, in PE the nickase is fused with reverse transcriptase, capable of building a new DNA chain using the pegRNA template. The pegRNA consists of an elongated guide RNA with an extra sequence at the 3'-end. Prime editing makes it possible to insert the desired mutations into this extra sequence and to carry out any substitutions and indels of bases without the use of special donor DNA. To date, a number of PE variants have been proposed; they are briefly considered in this review with an emphasis on prime editing of plant genomes. Some attention is also paid to pegRNA design programs, as well as evaluation of the efficiency of the editing. Such a variety of PE techniques is due to the opportunities of high-precision introduction of desired changes with a rather low frequency of off-target mutations in the genomes of various organisms. The relatively low efficiency of prime editing inspires researchers to offer new approaches. There is hope that further development of the technology will improve PE enough to take its rightful place among the genome targeting methods that are suitable for any organisms, and will have a positive impact on the agricultural sector, industrial biotechnologies, and medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background To assess bleeding risk of patients treated by oral anticoagulants, several scores have been constructed to assist physicians in the evaluation of the benefit risk. Most of these scores lack a strong enough level of evidence for use in family practice. Objective To assess the predictive prognostic accuracy of 13 scores designed to assess the risk of major or clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding events in a French ambulatory cohort receiving Vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in a family practice setting. Methods CACAO (Comparison of Accidents and their Circumstances with Oral Anticoagulants) was a multicentre prospective cohort of ambulatory patients prescribed oral anticoagulants. We selected patients from the cohort who had received an oral anticoagulant because of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and/or venous thromboembolism (VTE) to be followed during one year by their GP. The following scores were calculated: mOBRI, Shireman, Kuijer, HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, HAS-BLED, RIETE, VTE-BLEED, ACCP score, Rutherford, ABH-Score, GARFIEL-AF, and Outcomes Registry for Better InformedTreatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT). Prognostic accuracy was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic curves and c-statistics. Results During 1 year, 3,082 patients were followed. All of the scores demonstrated only poor to moderate ability to predict major bleeding or CRNM in NVAF patients on DOACs (c-statistic: 0.41–0.66 and 0.45–0.58), respectively. The results were only slightly better for patients prescribed VKA (0.47–0.66 and 0.5–0.55, respectively) in this indication. The results were also unsatisfactory in patients treated for VTE. Conclusion None of the scores demonstrated satisfactory discriminatory ability when used in family practice. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02376777 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the research was to determine the impact of an intervention program containing musical movement and dance activities on the level of pupils' physical abilities at the elementary level of education in physical and sport education classes. The object of the research consisted of Σ63 pupils, boys (n=30) aged 10.21±0.42 and girls (n=32) aged 10.32±0.37. The content of the movement program was selected means containing music and movement, dance activities and aerobics, which were implemented for 18 weeks, twice a week, 45 min during physical and sport education. In terms of data collection methods, standardized tests for physical education practice were used. Tests were used to assess the level of motor skills: sitand- reach test, standing long jump, sit-ups in 30s, endurance shuttle run and shuttle run 4x10. The somatometry method was used. The effect of the implemented movement program was confirmed and significant positive changes in the level of the observed movement abilities were observed: the level of mobility in the joints of the trunk in boys (t=-8.471), girls (t=-9.357), explosive power of the lower limbs in boys (t=-14.459), girls (Z=-4.940), the dynamic and endurance power of the abdominal, hip and thigh muscles in boys (Z=-4.325), girls (t=-19.264), running speed in both boys (Z=-4.783), girls (t=7.095) with a large effect size, in endurance skills in both boys (Z=-4.828), girls, (Z=-5.028) also with a large effect size. Based on the results, the regular and purposeful physical activity of pupils in the school environment significantly influences the level of physical abilities, and thus physical fitness as one of the manifestations of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition causing an abrupt reduction in blood flow in the pulmonary vasculature due to a migrating thrombus. The most cases are related to thromboembolism events originating in the lower limbs. However alternate etiologies should be suspected in certain clinical cases mainly in young patients with no risk factors. Case Presentation: We present a case of a young patient with proximal PE caused by compression on the inferior vena cava by an abdominal benign tumor measuring 11 × 28 cm. The patient was treated surgically and started on a therapeutic dose of Anticoagulation. The etiology of PE in this case was attributed to large vein compression promoting blood stasis and leading to thrombus formation. Conclusion: In short, acute PE in young female patients, is unusual and should raise suspicion for miscellaneous causes including vascular compression by tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Polymers and metals, such as polyethylene (PE) and cobalt chrome (CoCr), are common materials used in thumb-based joint implants, also known as CMC (Carpometacarpal) arthroplasty. The purpose of this review was to investigate the reported failure modes related to wear debris from these type of materials in CMC implants. The impact of wear debris on clinical outcomes of CMC implants was also examined. Potential adverse wear conditions and inflammatory particle characteristics were also considered. Method: A literature search was performed using PRISMA guidelines and 55 studies were reviewed including 49 cohort studies and 6 case studies. Of the 55 studies, 38/55 (69%) focused on metal-on-polyethylene devices, followed by metal-on-metal (35%), and metal-on-bone (4%). Results: The summarized data was used to determine the frequency of failure modes potentially related to wear debris from metals and/or polymers. The most commonly reported incidents potentially relating to debris were implant loosening (7.1%), osteolysis (1.2%) and metallosis (0.6%). Interestingly the reported mechanisms behind osteolysis and loosening greatly varied. Inflammatory reactions, while rare, were generally attributed to metallic debris from metal-on-metal devices. Mechanisms of adverse wear conditions included implant malpositioning, over-tensioning, high loading for active patients, third-body debris, and polyethylene wear-through. No specific examination of debris particle characterization was found, pointing to a gap in the literature. Conclusion: This review underscores the types of failure modes associated with wear debris in CMC implants. It was found that failure rates and adverse wear conditions of CMC implants of any design are low and the exact relationship between wear debris and implant incidences, such as osteolysis and loosening remains uncertain. The authors note that further research and specific characterization is required to understand the relationship between debris and implant failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the TGFβ signaling pathway, an important cascade responsible for the anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages, in the development of both early- and late-onset preeclampsia (eoPE and loPE), remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the components of the TGFβ signaling cascade and macrophage markers within placental tissue in normal pregnancy and in PE. Patients with eoPE, loPE, and normal pregnancy were enrolled in the study (n = 10 in each group). Following techniques were used for the investigation: immunohistochemistry analysis, western blotting, qRT-PCR, isolation of monocytes by magnetic sorting, transfection, microRNA sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis. We observed a significant decrease in the anti-inflammatory macrophage marker CD206 in the loPE group, alongside with a significant down-regulation of CD206 protein production in both eoPE and loPE groups. The level of CD68-positive cells and relative levels of CD163 and MARCO production were comparable across the groups. However, we identified a significant decrease in the TGFβ receptor 2 production and its gene expression in the PE group. Further analysis revealed a link between TGFBR2 and MRC1 (CD206) genes through a single miRNA, hsa-miR-27a-3p. Transfecting CD14-derived macrophages with the hsa-miR-27a-3p mimic significantly changed TGFBR2 production, indicating the potential role of this miRNA in regulating the TGFβ signaling pathway. We also revealed the up-regulation of hsa-miR-27a-5p and hsa-miR-27a-3p in the trophoblast BeWo b30 cell line under the severe hypoxia condition and the fact that TGFBR2 3′ UTR could serve as a potential target for these miRNAs. Our findings uncover a novel potential therapeutic target for managing patients with PE, significantly contributing to a deeper comprehension of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of this pathology. • Anti-inflammatory macrophage markers CD206 and TGFβ receptor 2 decreased in the placenta at preeclampsia. • Genes of CD206 and TGFβ receptor 2 linked via the single miRNA hsa-miR-27a-3p. • Transfection of macrophages with hsa-miR-27a-3p mimic significantly changed TGFβ receptor 2 production. • Trophoblast BeWo b30 cell line under the severe hypoxia showed up-regulation of hsa-miR-27a-5p and hsa-miR-27a-3p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explored the abundance, morphology, and polymer composition of microplastics (MPs) in various environmental samples within the Samae San subdistrict involving surface soil nearby the dumping site, road dust soil, beach sand and sediment in the area with distinct land- based activities. Dumping site soil exhibited the highest concentration in items per kg of dry weight at 93,734.3, followed by road dust soil (573.0 ± 583.7), beach sand (99.8 ± 75.3), and sediment (83.1 ± 50.4). Morphological traits revealed similarities between transparent fiber-shaped particles in beach sands and sediment, and those in nearby road dust soil, while green sheet-shaped particles dominated in dumping site soil. Predominant polymer types included PE, PET, and PP, associated with daily plastics, fishing gear, and fishing nets. In beach sand and sediment samples, transparent polyamide (nylon) fibers shaped like microplastics (MPs) were notably observed, as it is a common material used in fishing nets. Cluster analysis indicated a resemblance between MPs in beach sand, sediment, and nearby road dust soil, implying that plastic debris, comprising single-use plastics and fishing equipment, could be a potential source of MPs in coastal areas.

BackgroundIntensive inpatient treatment programs have shown robust results in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). How patients experience this treatment program and what changes they experience as a result of the treatment have, however, only scarcely been explored through qualitative studies.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the lived experience of participants in an intensive inpatient trauma treatment program. Our research questions were as follows: how do patients experience intensive trauma-focused treatment? How do they experience possible changes related to participating in the treatment program?MethodsSix patients diagnosed with PTSD with significant comorbidities, who recently participated in an intensive 2-week (4 + 4 days) inpatient trauma treatment program with prolonged exposure (PE), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and therapist rotation (TR), were interviewed with a semi-structured qualitative interview. Transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.ResultsOur analysis resulted in five main themes: (1) the need to feel safe; (2) the benefits of many and different therapeutic encounters; (3) variable experience with elements of treatment; (4) intensity; and (5) experienced change. Our results suggest that feeling safe within the framework of the treatment program facilitated the treatment process. Many and different therapeutic encounters, both through TR and with ward staff, contributed to experienced change. All participants described the intensity as facilitative to trauma processing. However, most participants also describe often feeling too overwhelmed to benefit from all elements of the treatment program.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that participants experience the overall treatment program as beneficial and contributing to experienced change. Participants described the intensity of the program as exhausting, but necessary. Most did, however, report at times of being too overwhelmed to benefit from elements of the program. Consequently, our results prompt us to question the optimal level of intensity.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05342480. Date of registration: 2022-04-22.

Composite plates comprising a blend of rare earth neodymium-(Nd) doped M-type barium ferrite (BaM) with CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and polyethylene WERE synthesized through a self-propagating reaction and hot-pressing treatment. The plates’ microscopic characteristics were analyzed utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), thermo–gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analytical techniques. Their microwave absorption performance within the frequency range of 8.2 to 18 GHz was assessed using a vector network analyzer. It showed that CNTs formed a conductive network on the surface of the Nd-BaM absorber, significantly enhancing absorption performance and widening the absorption bandwidth. Furthermore, dielectric polarization relaxation was investigated using the Debye theory, analyzing the Cole–Cole semicircle. It was observed that the sample exhibiting the best absorbing performance displayed the most semicircles, indicating that the dielectric polarization relaxation phenomenon can increase the dielectric relaxation loss of the sample. These findings provide valuable data support for the lightweight preparation of BaM-based absorbing materials.

Background: Cirrhosis causes an imbalance in the coagulation pathway and leads to a tendency for both bleeding and clotting. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be associated with a hypercoagulable state. This study examines SARS-CoV-2’s impact on hemostasis in compensated patients with cirrhosis. Methods: We analyzed the US Collaborative Network, which comprises 63 HCOs in the U.S.A. Compensated cirrhosis patients were split into two groups: SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative. Patients’ baseline characteristics were used in a 1:1 propensity score-matched module to create comparable cohorts. We compared the risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE) at 6 months, and 1 and 3 years. Results: Of 330,521 patients, 27% tested positive and 73% remained negative. After PSM, both cohorts included 74,738 patients. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 had a higher rate of PVT compared to those without at 6 months (0.63% vs 0.5%, p < 0.05), 1 year (0.8% vs 0.6%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.05), a higher rate of DVT at 6 months (0.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), 1 year (1% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1.4% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.05), and a higher rate of PE at 6 months (0.6% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.05), 1 year (0.7% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), and 3 years (1% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with compensated cirrhosis was associated with a higher rate of PVT, DVT, and PE at 6 months, and 1 and 3 years.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant cause of cardiovascular mortality, with varying presentations and management challenges. Traditional treatment approaches often differ, particularly for submassive/intermediate-risk PEs, because of the lack of clear guidelines and comparative data on treatment efficacy. The introduction of pulmonary embolism response teams (PERTs) aims to standardize and improve outcomes in acute PE management through multidisciplinary collaboration. This review examines the conception, evolution, and operational mechanisms of PERTs while providing a critical analysis of their implementation and efficacy using retrospective trials and recent randomized trials. The study also explores the integration of advanced therapeutic devices and treatment protocols facilitated by PERTs. PERT programs have significantly influenced the management of both massive and submassive PEs, with notable improvements in clinical outcomes such as decreased mortality and reduced length of hospital stay. The utilization of advanced therapies, including catheter-directed thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, has increased under PERT guidance. Evidence from various studies, including those from the National PERT Consortium, underscores the benefits of these multidisciplinary teams in managing complex PE cases, despite some studies showing no significant difference in mortality. PERT programs have demonstrated potentials to reduce morbidity and mortality, streamlining the use of healthcare resources and fostering a model of sustainable practice across medical centers. PERT program implementation appears to have improved PE treatment protocols and innovated advanced therapy options, which will be further refined as they are employed in clinical practice. The continued expansion of the capabilities of PERTs and the forthcoming results from ongoing randomized trials are expected to further define and optimize management protocols for acute PEs.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) remains the third most frequent cardiovascular disease worldwide and is associated with high mortality rates. We presented a case of PE with a history of tibial surgery and showed the role of Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) in early diagnosis and management of PE. Case presentation: A 23-year-old man was referred to our hospital with sudden dyspnea followed by sharp chest pain, haemoptysis, pre-syncope, diaphoresis, and weaknesses. He had a history of tibial surgery and immobilization one month before admission. His vital sign was unstable, with blood pressure of 110/60 mmHg (supported by Norepinefrin 0.5 mcg/kg/minutes), heart rate of 120 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 24 times/minute, and oxygen saturation of 99% (oxygen mask 6 lpm). An electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia with McGinn-White sign. A chest X-ray showed Palla sign. An echocardiogram showed reduced right ventricular systolic function with McConneal sign. CTPA was performed due to the moderate-high risk PE with the presence of hyperattenuating and partial filling defect. Streptokinase was then administered, followed by adequate anticoagulation using rivaroxaban for three months. The clinical and CTPA evaluation showed a good result. Conclusions: Initial assessment using PE’s scoring system will help clinicians determine the needs of CTPA. CTPA has a sensitivity of 53-100% and a specificity of 83-100% for the diagnosis of PE. This makes CTPA mandatory in high-risk PE, thus speeding up the initial treatment, which correlates with clinical outcomes.