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Pinning down the role of social ties in the decision to protest has been notoriously elusive, largely due to data limitations. Social media and their global use by protesters offer an unprecedented opportunity to observe real‐time social ties and online behavior, though often without an attendant measure of real‐world behavior. We collect data on Twitter activity during the 2015 Charlie Hebdo protest in Paris, which, unusually, record real‐world protest attendance and network structure measured beyond egocentric networks. We devise a test of social theories of protest that hold that participation depends on exposure to others' intentions and network position determines exposure. Our findings are strongly consistent with these theories, showing that protesters are significantly more connected to one another via direct, indirect, triadic, and reciprocated ties than comparable nonprotesters. These results offer the first large‐scale empirical support for the claim that social network structure has consequences for protest participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents and discusses the thesis which studies arrêtés, or by-laws, from the general assemblies held in the different districts of Paris, France, from 1792 to 1793. Is it noted that the thesis was defended by the author at the Université Lille (Lille, France) on May 20, 2017. Topics mentioned include the practice of citizenship and political participation, the Convention nationale (National Convention), and executive power.

After its defeat at the Copenhagen climate summit in 2009, the EU can be considered to have scored a relative success with the Paris Agreement adopted in December 2015. With the mitigation ambition of the agreement exceeding expectations, the EU realized its policy objectives to a greater extent than it may have anticipated itself. This success was made possible by a moderation of the EU's policy objectives pursued proactively through an EU bridge-building and coalition-building strategy. It was enabled and facilitated by the great-power politics between China and the US as well as the French Presidency of the Paris conference. With Paris, the EU thus appears to have consolidated its role as a 'leadiator' in international climate policy, which it took on after the failure of the Copenhagen conference and road-tested for the first time in Durban in 2011. In a multipolar climate world, this new role model should remain relevant for the years to come. However, the unpredictability of the underlying internal and external political, economic, and technological dynamics suggests the wisdom of a regular review and adjustment of strategy. WIREs Clim Change 2017, 8:e445. doi: 10.1002/wcc.445 For further resources related to this article, please visit the . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the political and economic relations of Paris, capital of France imagined by its citizens. Topics discussed include capital and capitalism, tensions between economic and political governance and wealth, poverty, and inequality in Paris. Also talks about the role of Paris's in the story of capitalist modernity.

Starting with 1918, Paris becomes the center of Romanian propaganda abroad and the „La Roumanie” newspaper becomes the speaker for the Romanian interests. In the pages of this daily were reflected the suffering of Romanian war prisoners confined to prison camps. There are numerous testimonies proving cruel fate of those unfortunates who were abused both physically and mentally, despite international laws that compel the warring States to apply human treatments of prisoners of war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Jean-Louis Missika, deputy mayor of Paris, France in charge of urban planning, is presented. When asked about the smart city concept, Missika discusses the impact of digital technologies on the ways of living, inhabiting and consuming. He describes the urban planning approach used in building Paris. He considers the impact of digital technology on redeveloping business in the city.

The article discusses the creation, mission, and structure of the Secrétariat d'État au développement de la région capitale, or the secretary of state in charge of the development of the region of Paris, France, also known as Grand Paris (greater Paris) under the presidency of French President Nicolas Sarkozy. The author analyzes the relationship between the French government and the capital city of Paris and the institutional conflicts which ensued as a result of the creation of this new administration, or mission, headed by French politician Christian Blanc. Relations between Blanc, French Prime Minister François Fillon, and local elected officials in the Île-de-France region of France are mentioned.

Several parties throughout the world are democratizing their internal processes. The most notable tools for achieving this aim are the primary elections through which electoral candidates and party leaders are selected. This article seek to analyze these 'selections' by using survey data relating to primary elections held in October 2011 by the French Socialist Party. In particular, we make use of survey data to describe extensively some social and political characteristics of the voters and to connect them with the electoral performances of the candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the July 1794 overthrow of the Committee of Public Safety to end the Reign of Terror of the French revolutionary government, focusing particularly on the arrest and execution of French leader Maximilien Robespierre. Topics include Robespierre's July 26, 1794 speech to the French Convention which threatened a political purge of opposition members, the coup d'état of July 27, 1794, and the reaction by Paris, France's municipal government known as the Commune to the coup.

The article discusses the Vietnamese boat people who sought asylum from putative repression in Vietnam during the late 1970s, with a particular focus on the Paris, France Left wing's perspective of them. An overview of French leftists' attitudes toward the social conditions in Vietnam following the Vietnam War, including in relation to the Vietnamese government's policies of alleged repression and forced labor camps, is provided. The role that communism played in the lives of Vietnamese political refugees, including in regard to the persecution by the Vietnamese communist government, is discussed.

This contribution investigates immigrants' access to elected office in two different political contexts: Amsterdam and Paris. I look at the socio-demographic background and at the political experiences of immigrant councillors and explore what may have favoured their careers. I further consider the role of the electoral and political context in facilitating immigrants' access to politics. This context plays an important role in immigrants' rate of access to politics, but similarities exist in their pre-electoral experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides the results of a series of laboratory experiments testing whether the parliamentary election theories related to mechanical and psychological effects forwarded by political scientist Maurice Duverger also apply to candidate elections. Groups studied were chosen in Lille and Paris, France, as well as from Montreal, Canada. Topics include Condorcet winners, run-off elections, and plurality elections.

The article discusses the political stakes of the project involving the creation of a Greater Paris, or Grand Paris, (Paris, France), an initiative launched in 2007 under French President Nicolas Sarkozy in an effort to rethink development and institutional organization in the Parisian urban district. The democratic and institutional questions are considered. Topics mentioned include the question of a Grand Paris making a reappearance among Parisian elected officials in 2001, the construction of a transportation network as defined by Law no. 2010-597 adopted on June 3, 2010, and the project as a stake in the battle for power in the Île-de-France region and among political parties.

The article presents an ethnographic study focusing on the social, economical, and political aspects of squats, or unoccupied buildings settled by the homeless or illegal immigrants, located in Paris, France. The authors describe the living conditions in various squats and examine the fate of abandoned buildings and whether squatters receive any type of support from the city. Policies concerning squats in urban areas are also explored.

The article provides information on Paris during 1910-1911. It discusses the history of Paris supplemented with details on Paris's civilization and the lifestyle of its people. The education, economics, politics and government, infrastructures, fashion, and sports in Paris are also mentioned to add knowledge on Paris's reconstruction of practical life on 1910-1911.

Copyright of International Journal of Urban & Regional Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Focuses on the concept of Haussmannization with modernity in urban history in Paris from 1850 to 1880. Changes in environment and political administration; Expansion of venues for leisure and entertainment; Improvements in urban infrastructure.

Analyzes urban policy and politics in Paris, France, during the administration of Mayor Jacques Chirac. Historical development of the city; President Valery Giscard d'Estaing's influence in the development of Paris; Development of Les Halles; Urban regeneration through architectural and cultural revival.

This paper analyses the 1975 municipal reform which gave Paris its first elected Mayor since the days of the revolutionary Commune. Local government reform has proved notoriously difficult in France and the policy-making process in this case was complicated by the political situation, following the death of President Pompidou, in April 1974. His successor, Giscard d'Estaing, attempted to marginalize the Gaullist Party and to govern from the centre. Paris was the testing ground for this political strategy. The capture of the mayorship by the Gaullist Jacques Chirac was a personal humiliation for the President. The reform demonstrates the reluctance of French governments, compared with their British counterparts, to radically remould their local government institutions. In particular, the constant reference during the debate to the words 'Mayor' and 'Commune', which have great symbolic power in France, arguably prevented the elaboration of an institutional structure adapted to the peculiar needs of the Paris urban area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the organization and planning of the local government of Paris, France. Generally, five main features of a district are described herein. These are: an area; an association of local authorities; a board; a budget; an executive body; a consultative body. The District is only an association, but a compulsory one, of the three department. The District has an executive body, or, as it is proper to say now, an initiating body. This is a governmental body, whose staff are appointed by and paid by the central government. and the 1,305 communes of the Paris region. The city of Paris itself, with one-third of the total population of 2.7 million and one hundredth of the area, is one of those 1,305 communes.