Search

Food safety is an unquestioned global public health imperative. Strict controls on food before release to markets are intended to prevent disease caused by agents of infectious diseases, including parasitoses [...]

Histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) is the primary target of the Plasmodium falciparum rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) that are a cornerstone of malaria control efforts in the high-burden, low-resource contexts in [...]

Working in the port of Amoy (now known as the port of Xiamen), China (1-5), Sir Patrick Manson noted that Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae appeared with marked periodicity in the blood [...]

Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have contributed greatly to the global decline of illness and death from malaria (1). However, the novel emergence of artemisinin resistance in eastern Africa has threatened [...]

Malaria remains the deadliest vectorbome infectious disease worldwide (1). Plasmodium spp., most commonly P. falciparum, are responsible for [approximately equal to] 229 million cases and [approximately equal to] 500,000 deaths [...]

Both the fallow deer and the red deer are valuable hunting objects in Europe, including in our country. In order to obtain current data on the parasitological status, 46 fallow deer (Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) and 15 red deer (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) were studied. The aim was to use conventional methods in parasitological research to obtain useful data for the implementation of effective preventive measures in animal health protection. The investigated red deer (Cervus elaphus) were from the hunting farms as follow: DLS „Iskar" (n = 5), DLS "Vitoshko-Studena" (n = 6), DGS "Blagoevgrad" (n = 1), and DGS "Krichim" (n = 3). The investigated fallow deer (Dama dama) were from DLS "Dikchan" (n = 29), DLS "Iskar" (n = 13), DGS "Mesta" (n = 2), and DLS "Vitoshko-Studena" (n = 2). Invasions with representatives of 3 classes of helminths (Trematoda, Cestoda, and Nematoda) as well as with protozoa of the Coccidia subclass after parasitological examinations were found. Some of them are known as the causes of economically important parasitic diseases. Trematodes of the genera Dicrocoelium and Paramphistomum, and cestodes of the genus Moniezia were also determined. The gastrointestinal parasites were identified as belonging to the families Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 (Trichostrongyus), Molineidae Durette-Desset and Chabaud, 1977 (Nematodirus), Strongylidae Baird, 1853 (Oesophagostomum), Ascarididae Baird, 1853 (Toxocara), Trichuridae Railliet, 1915 (Trichuris), Eimeriidae Minchin, 1903 (Eimeria) and lung worms as members of the families Dictyocaulidae Skrjabin, 1941 (Dictyocaulus) and Protostrongylidae Leiper, 1926 (Protostrongylus). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaria remains a serious global health concern, causing [approximately equal to] 405,000 deaths annually, mainly in young children in Africa (1). Although substantial progress has been made over the past [...]

The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is one of the most important shellfish species cultured in China. The impact of disease on clam culture is becoming increasingly serious due to the deteriorated aquaculture environment. In July 2015, outbreaks of parasitic disease in the Dalu Island area resulted in death of Manila clams in large numbers. In this study, the parasite was morphologically characterized and its 18S rDNA was sequenced. Anatomical analysis of the infected clams showed that the parasites mainly distributed in the gonad tissue and those infected tissues could barely produce sperm or eggs. A BLAST search against the NCBI database using the 18S rDNA sequence showed that the parasite was 92% similar to the trematode Steringophorus margolisi (GenBank sequence AJ287578.1.1934). To investigate the infection mechanisms of this parasite, expression levels of the genes involved in reproductive processes (sodium--glucose transport protein, cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member I, lambda-crystallin, collagen alpha-1(IV) chain, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, and 170-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases) were examined in infected and uninfected individuals, respectively. This study provides novel and preliminary data on the molecular mechanisms underlying the reproduction failure in digenetic trematode-infected Manila clams. KEY WORDS: Ruditapes philippinarum, digenetic trematode, molecular identification, reproductive damage, gene expression, INTRODUCTION The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is one of the most important aquaculture species in China. This species is popular with farmers because of its short grow-out time. By 2016, [...]

Bats can be parasitized by several arthropod groups, including ectoparasitic flies. The high host specificity is a common phenomenon between flies and bats. In recent years, more efforts have been employed to understand how environmental variables can influence richness and parasitic load (PL). However, many gaps still need to be filled to better understand this issue. We analyzed the PL of flies on bats sampled in three environments with different rain volume and vegetation types to verify if PL is correlated with rainfall and if there are differences in the PL on bats within and between environments. Overall, there was no correlation between rainfall and PL in the same environment, nor a difference between the three environments. When tested separately, Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758)) had a difference in prevalence of flies between environments and flat-faced fruit-eating bats (Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823)) had a greater abundance of flies in the rainy season in a semiarid area. There was no difference in PL between male and female bats. Our results suggest that bat--fly interactions are driven by several factors, not only by the amount of rainfall or vegetation, and that different host species may respond differently with no obvious general pattern. Key words: Atlantic Forest, bat ectoparasitic flies, Caatinga, Chiroptera, host--parasite relationships, Nycteribiidae, Streblidae. Les chauves-souris peuvent être parasitées par plusieurs groupes d'arthropodes, dont des mouches ectoparasites. Une forte spécificité des hôtes est un phénomène répandu entre les mouches et les chauves-souris. Ces dernières années, plus d'efforts ont été déployés pour comprendre l'influence possible de variables environnementales sur la richesse et la charge de parasites (CP). De nombreuses lacunes demeurent cependant à combler pour mieux comprendre cette question. Nous analysons la CP de mouches sur des chauves-souris échantillonnées dans trois milieux caractérisés par différents volumes de pluie et types de végétation, afin de vérifier si elle est corrélée à la pluviosité et s'il existe des variations de la CP des chauves-souris à l'intérieur des milieux et entre eux. Globalement, il n'y a pas de corrélation entre la pluviosité et la CP dans un même milieu, ni de différences entre les trois milieux. Prises individuellement, la chauve-souris de Seba (Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758)) montre une variation de la prévalence de mouches entre les milieux et l'artibée commune (Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823)) est caractérisée par une plus grande abondance de mouches durant la saison des pluies dans une région semi-aride. Il n'y a pas de différences de la CP entre les chauves-souris mâles et femelles. Nos résultats donnent à penser que les interactions chauves-souris--mouches sont modulées par plusieurs facteurs, pas seulement la quantité de pluie ou la végétation, et que différentes espèces hôtes peuvent réagir différemment sans motif général évident. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : forêt atlantique, mouches ectoparasites des chauves-souris, Caatinga, chiroptères, relations hôte--parasite, nyctéribiidés, stréblidés., Introduction Bats are the second largest group of mammals and can be parasitized by several groups of ectoparasites such as mites, ticks, bugs, fleas, and flies (Marshall 1981, 1982; Fenton [...]

Yuma Ridgway's Rails (Rallus obsoletus yumanensis) are federally endangered birds endemic to wetlands throughout the Lower Colorado River Basin in Nevada, California, Arizona, and Mexico. The U.S. population has declined in recent years for unknown reasons. We documented a novel and severe chigger mite infestation in the Yuma Ridgway's Rails in southwestern Arizona in 2017. Prevalence of the infestation was spatially heterogeneous: 92% (48 of 52) of the Yuma Ridgway's Rails that we captured at Imperial National Wildlife Refuge were infested, whereas only 11% (2 of 18) of the Yuma Ridgway's Rails at Cibola National Wildlife Refuge were chigger infested. We know little about the origin of this infestation or the impacts of the parasites on the behavior and fitness of Yuma Ridgway's Rails. However, ectoparasite infestations in other species have caused population declines and the intensity and novelty of this ectoparasite infestation, combined with population status of this species, warrants immediate attention to this issue and further study of these ectoparasites. Received 29 December 2017. Accepted 8 October 2018. Key words: ectoparasite, emergent wetland, endangered species, Trombiculidae, Yuma Ridgway's Rail. El rascon Rallus obsoletus yumanensis, considerado federalmcnte en peligro, es un ave endemica a los humedales de la cuenea baja del rio Colorado en Nevada, California, Arizona y Mexico. La poblacion de los E.U.A. ha declinado en anos recientes por motivos desconocidos. Documentamos un nuevo infestacion severa por acaros niguas en este rascon en el suroeste de Arizona en 2017. La prevalencia de la infestacion fue espacialmente heterogenea: 92% (48 de 52) de los rascones que capturamos en el Imperial National Wildlife Refuge estaban infestados, mientras que solo el 11% (2 de 18) de los rascones del Cibola National Wildlife Refuge estaban infestados de niguas. Sabemos poco sobrc el origen de esta infestacion o de los impactos de los parasitos en el comportamicnto y sobrevivencia de este rascon. Sin embargo, las infestaciones de parasitos en otras especies han causado declines en poblacioncs. La intensidad y novedad de esta infestacion por ectoparasitos, combinados con el estatus poblacional de esta especie, requieren de atencion inmediata a este asunto, ademas de justificar el estudio de estos ectoparasitos. Palabras clave: Ectoparasito, especies en peligro, humedales emergentes, Trombiculidac., Yuma Ridgway's Rails (Rallus obsoletus yumanensis) are endemic to the freshwater emergent wetlands of the Lower Colorado River Basin, and along the Salton Sea in California. This rail has been [...]

Copyright of Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena is the property of Societa dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eight out of the eleven indigenous fish species of Prespa Lake are endemic. One of these endemic fish species is Prespa roach Rutilus prespensis. The parasitological examination from the North-Macedonian part of the Lake Prespa showed that 175 specimens out of 183 examined specimens (95.63%) are infected with parasites. Fourteen parasite species were identified: three protozoans (Myxobolus cyprini, M. dispar and Chilodonella piscicola), three monogeneans (Dactylogyrus sphyrna, D. erhardovae and Paradiplozoon zeller), two trematodes (Nicolla testiobliquum and metacercariae of Posthodiplostomum cuticola), two cestodes (Caryophyllaeus laticeps and plerocercoids of Ligula intestinalis), two nematodes (Philometra ovata and larvae of Contracaecum microcephalum), one acanthocephalan (Metechinorhynchus truttae) and one crustacean (Ergasilus sieboldi). The most prevalent parasite species were Posthodiplostomum cuticola (84.70%), Ligula intestinalis (77.04%) and Dactylogyrus sphyrna (38.80%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to study the distribution of trematodes of the family Echinostomatidae among various species of game birds in the North-East of Kazakhstan. Helminths were collected using the complete helminthological autopsy method according to K. I. Scriabin. The species affiliation of trematodes was determined according to the determinant of K. M. Ryzhikov. Statistical processing of the obtained materials was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of G. F. Lakin. Based on the results of the diagnosis of taxonomic affiliation, 3 species of trematodes of the Echinostomatidae family were identified: Hypoderaeum conoideum, Echinostoma revolutum and Echinoparyphium aconiatum. The indicators of invasion extensivity, abundance index, and also the invasion intensity of the examined birds were analyzed. The study of the fauna and prevalence of representatives of the family Echinostomatidae of the Trematoda class of the Plathelminthes type in wild birds suggests that in Pavlodar region there are quite extensive foci of echinostomiasis not only in wild waterfowl, but also in domestic birds. Wild birds provide support for foci of trematodoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientia Medica is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In our study, we aimed to present the cases of Oestrus ovis in domesticated and wild ruminants. The material of this study consisted of 10 sheep and six mountain goats admitted to our department, between 2013 and 2019, for necropsy. The animals presented various neurological symptoms, including rotation around their axis, opistotonus, loss of coordination, rhinitis, loss of appetite, head pressed against objects, unilateral blindness and torticollis. Subsequently, routine systemic necropsy was performed. After routine tissue procedures, 5 μm thick sections were taken from paraffin blocks prepared for hematoxylin eosin staining. Sections were examined under light microscope to determine the histopathologic changes. In four of the six goats, in addition to, Oestrus ovis larvae, Coenurus cerebralis cysts were detected in cerebrum and cerebellum. Coenurus cerebralis cysts were also observed in four of the ten sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Afin de déterminer la prévalence des parasites intestinaux et d'identifier les espèces parasitaires au CHU Hassan II de Fès, nous avons mené une étude rétrospective de novembre 2015 à décembre 2016. Tous les prélèvements reçus au laboratoire pour examen parasitologique des selles ont été inclus. Sur un total de 886 échantillons reçus, 338 étaient parasités par au moins une espèce, soit une prévalence de 38,14 %. Cette prévalence est de 39,84 % pour le sexe masculin et de 35,47 % pour le sexe masculin ; 12,52 % des patients présentent un polyparasitisme. Les protozoaires représentaient 98,12 %, et les helminthes 1,88 %. Blastocystis hominis était l'espèce majoritaire avec 38,67 %. Les amibes représentaient 37,63 % des parasites et les flagellés 21,62 %. Ces résultats montrent la fréquence des parasites intestinaux à Fès ainsi qu'une diversité des espèces parasitaires retrouvées. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]