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How can people talk about the past in a deeply fractured society, wounded by two centuries of colonial and postcolonial violence? In Oran—Algeria's second‐largest city—people find creative ways to speak without speaking about unspeakable pasts. They do this by creating poetic parallelism between urban forms—from skeletons of buildings to martyr images—in everyday speech and image‐events. In poetics, parallelism deploys similar linguistic forms to suggest equivalence of meaning for certain effects. In everyday life, parallelism is emergent social action that brings new publics to life through its performance. This parallelism enables ordinary people to talk to each other across entrenched sociopolitical divides, especially in contexts of authoritarian censorship. Through poetic parallelism, Oranis revivify the martyrs of independence as agentive witnesses to their decaying city's housing crisis. In doing so, they reconfigure the relationship between the colonial past and postcolonial present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented reality navigation (ARN) enhances localization and operation by overlaying virtual guides onto realworld surgical fields. The study introduces a laser path anchor (LPA), a novel tool for ARN in surgery aimed at mitigating depth perception challenges. The LPA anchors the virtual planned path onto the physical laser beam, ensuring accurate puncture from any perspective. The tool consists of a rack, a primary laser emitter, an indicating laser emitter, and an AR marker with intrinsic and extrinsic properties validated through calibration and testing. Intrinsic validation involved measuring the parallelism between the indicating and primary laser using Cartesian graph screens. Extrinsic validation assessed the alignment and shortest distance between the virtual path and primary lasers. Results showed an angle deviation of 0.08° between the indicating and primary laser and 1.44° ± 0.47° between the virtual path and primary lasers, with a shortest distance of 7.60 mm ± 2.50 mm. The usability test demonstrated the LPA's effectiveness in guiding needle insertions without altering the perspective or distracting the surgeon. Despite some limitations, the LPA enhances the user's perception of linear objects and eliminates the need for perspective adjustments during puncture, warranting further development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) in creating parallel test items compared to human-made ones. Two test forms were developed: one consisting of 20 existing human-made items and another with 20 new items generated with ChatGPT assistance. Expert reviews confirmed the content parallelism of the two test forms. Forty-three university students then completed the 40 test items presented randomly from both forms on a final test. Statistical analyses of student performance indicated comparability between the AI-human-made and human-made test forms. Despite limitations such as sample size and reliance on classical test theory (CTT), the findings suggest ChatGPT's potential to assist teachers in test item creation, reducing workload and saving time. These results highlight ChatGPT's value in educational assessment and emphasize the need for further research and development in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose an account of interpretive effects involving same and different, relying on two claims: the first is that same and different are able to take scope, and the second is that they are presuppositional. On this account, same and different are decomposed into two parts: an additive operator TOO and a (non-)identity predicate. We argue that this account provides a more parsimonious account of well-known properties of same and different, such as the distinction between internal and external readings, as well as the parallelism effects discovered by Hardt and Mikkelsen (Linguist Philos 38:289–314, 2015). We also present a solution to a previously unexplained puzzle involving comparatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the use of foregrounding that involves deviation and parallelism as a strategy to maintain the identity and disclose racial discrimination in poetry of Langston Hughes, a famous twentieth-century Afro-American poet during Harlem Renaissance. By adopting qualitative approach, researchers selected three different poems from three different volumes of Hughes's poetry by adopting random sampling technique and analyzed them by applying theory of foregrounding presented by Leech (1969). The foregrounding, a stylistic device emphasizing certain linguistic features to create emphasis or deviation from normative language patterns, serves as means for the poets to reclaim agency and articulate their unique experiences, histories, and perspectives. Researchers found that Hughes's poetry presents many foregrounded features upon the different levels, i.e., phonological, graphological, grammatical and semantic. The findings show that these foregrounded features upon different linguistic levels help the poet to maintain his identity and disclose racial discrimination. Therefore, these foregrounding features also help the poet revolt against the racial discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the parallels Netflix's show Bridgerton has with Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice. The implication of Austen's novels and style in the Netflix adaptation targeting regency romances has been widely discussed as well as the shallowness of both contributions (News par. 5, Morrison par. 1, Flanagan 30). I argue that a more literary-focused perspective may be taken to establish the parallelisms between both works in terms of settings, argumentative topics, narrative choices, male characters and speech styles. To do so, the analysis will gradually turn to the general common similarities and the contribution made by both male characters and their discourses. Drawing on Terry Eagleton and Rober Macfarlane, this paper examines Bridgerton's manoeuvres in its Romantic production and its profound connection to Austen's novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In today's technological landscape, the convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) with various industries showcases the march of progress. This coming together involves combining diverse data streams from different sources and transmitting processed data in real-time. This empowers stakeholders to make quick and informed decisions, especially in areas like smart cities, healthcare, and industrial automation, where efficiency gains are evident. However, with this convergence comes a challenge - the large amount of data generated by IoT devices. This data overload makes processing and transmitting information efficiently a significant hurdle, potentially undermining the benefits of this union. To tackle this issue, we introduce "Beyond Orion," a novel lossless compression method designed to optimize data compression in IoT systems. The algorithm employs advanced techniques such as Lempel Ziv-Welch and Huffman encoding, while also integrating strategies like pipelining, parallelism, and serialization for greater efficiency and lower resource usage. Through rigorous experimentation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of Beyond Orion. The results show impressive data reduction, with up to 99% across various datasets, and compression factors as high as 7694.13. Comparative tests highlight the algorithm's prowess, achieving savings of 72% and compression factor of 3.53. These findings have significant implications. They promise improved data handling, more effective decision-making, and optimized resource allocation across a range of IoT applications. By addressing the challenge of data volume, Beyond Orion emerges as a significant advancement in IoT data management, marking a substantial step towards realizing the full potential of IoT technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article outlines a contemporary method for creating software for multi-processor computers. It describes the identification of parallelizable sequential code structures. Three structures were found and then carefully examined. The algorithms used to determine whether or not certain parts of code may be parallelized result from static analysis. The techniques demonstrate how, if possible, existing sequential structures might be transformed into parallel-running programs. A dynamic evaluation is also a part of our process, and it can be used to assess the efficiency of the parallel programs that are developed. As a tool for sequential programs, the algorithms have been implemented in C#. All proposed methods were discussed using a common benchmark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students are required to master effective sentences to support their writing skills. However, students often struggle with comprehending and constructing effective sentences due to their limited proficiency and competence. This research examines the comprehension of effective sentences through grammaticality judgment tests and its implications for writing instruction. This research employs mixed methods. Two hundred three firstsemester students from Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang were selected for research using purposive sampling. Data was collected using grammaticality judgment tests and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively using the Mann-Whitney U Test and qualitatively to describe patterns of findings. The results showed that 57% of students comprehended quite well, and 25% comprehended. Learners' comprehension of effective sentences is predominantly concerned with language efficiency rather than grammatical structure and lack of explicit linguistic knowledge. Effective sentences, especially parallelism, clarity, and explicit linguistic knowledge, are partially understood. The Mann-Whitney U Test shows that first- and second-language students comprehend effective sentences identically. Furthermore, male and female learners are dissimilar in their ability to comprehend effective sentences. Writing learning can emphasise mastery of effective sentences, explicit language knowledge, and collaborative writing based on language acquisition order and student gender. These findings can be applied to writing instruction by improving students' mastery of effective sentences in collaborative writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article targets to identify figures of speech in surah Abasa. The research is qualitative in nature and uses Leech and Shorts‟ Model (2007) but the research specifically targets figures of speech category of the theory. The data is analyzed based on the original text's close reading. The result concludes that surah Abasa is a literary masterpiece which is comprised of forty-two (42) verses. The surah is consisted of short verses (ayat), rhythmic sound and a strong rhetorical style. The research concludes that surah is full of Literary figures, i.e. Alliteration, Consonance, Assonance, Anaphora, Parallelism, Contrast, Hypophora, Rhetorical Question, Allusion, Polyptoton, Aphorism, Imagery, Cadence, Hyperbole, Kairos, Ethos, Pathos, Logos, etc. in order to do the embellishment of meanings, and convey multiple meanings through the fewest possible words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay analyzes representations of (anti)romantic relationships and episodes of "forced intimacy" in Chinelo Okparanta's Under the Udala Trees (2015) and Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀'s Stay with Me (2017). I will establish a parallelism between the intimate and romantic relationships described in the novels and the social and political evolution of the Nigerian nation, placing the focus onto the female protagonists and their obligation to conform to preestablished feminine and heterosexual models in agreement with Nigerian traditional practices. Through the analysis of the affective and sociocultural evolution of these women, I aim to prove that there is a direct association between demystified representations of the nation and a disillusionment with the romantic ideals of the couples featured in the novels. I will refer to their evolution as "postromantic" since it transcends the performativity linked to romanticization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give a local classification theorem of almost coKähler 3-manifolds whose *-Ricci operators are parallel under a weak restriction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the potential of gestural migrations as a novel approach to violin pedagogy, allowing us to trace enlightening parallelisms between the learning of musical performative gestures and the gestural dimension of cinema as a time-shaped/shaping artistic discipline. As a case study, I take the first movement of Claude Debussy's Violin Sonata L. 140, composed in 1917, following an empirically grounded quantitative analytical approach. I attempt to trace gestural correspondences with selected scenes from the contemporary French cinematic movement that fascinated the composer in the early years of the twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last few verses of the Hebrew Book of Daniel are famously difficult. Among other issues, they present a duration problem that has long seemed intractable. But they also contain a key that provides a solution to the problem. That key is signaled by the lack of parallelism between the Aramaic expression of Daniel 7:25b and the Hebrew expression of Daniel 12:7b. The solution it allows is both accessible and expected. In his closing verses, the author of the book of Daniel created a mechanism to convey his view of the proper cultic calendar. That view places him securely among the other writers of early Jewish apocalypse literature and among the authors of much of the sectarian and non-sectarian literature of the last three centuries BCE. This paper reviews the duration problem and its elements. It also examines and discusses the prior attempts to solve the problem. It then presents and discusses a solution that was made available in the author's text but has not been previously recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aesthetics of poetry is intricately intertwined with the cognitive process of mind-wandering, where attention shifts from the current task and spontaneous thoughts emerge. While mind-wandering has been extensively studied in psychology and neuroscience, its potential relationship to poetry remains underexplored. This study investigates the experience of mind-wandering associated with traditional Chinese regulated verse (律詩), which effectively enables the exploration of inner emotions and perceptions within its concise form. Typically, the first couplet of a regulated verse poem describes how mind-wandering is triggered by a place or event rich in semantic information. The second and third couplets use parallelism to create two distinct mental spaces, with the primary goal of encouraging the mind to wander between them. By meditating on parallel words in these two couplets, readers can reflect upon their essence through creative thinking and sensory imagery. Finally, the fourth couplet serves as a metacognitive endpoint, revealing the self's position in the universe by evaluating the content of mind-wandering. This study demonstrates how the structure of regulated verse artfully represents the poet's experience of mind-wandering, providing readers with the opportunity to re-experience this process with spontaneous and controlled cognitive activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psalm 1 is a poem drawing on a number of "prose particles," which strongly inform its antithetical poetics and worldview. One dimension of this literary construction is the overlooked chiastic "sonant parallelism" between rěšā'îm ("wicked ones") and the relative "prose particle" 'ăšer ("that, which"). Psalm 1's "prose particles" are further suggestive of the possibility that the psalm originated as a written work, per-haps produced by Levitical scribes as a tôrâ-introduction to the Psalter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advertising is as creative a story as an infinitely varied one. Also, a highly manipulative one. In a world where everything is for sale and the competition is fierce, what can dairy producers do to stand out on the market? How to persuade the customers using multiple aspects--look, discourse, intonation, colour, energy, and music--except the one that is most important in such industries--taste? In this paper, we examine TV commercials for yoghurt presented in the United Kingdom and Romania in recent years and find out the common traits and aspects that set them apart. We focus on grammatical and stylistic traits. A thorough analysis is made of the function of the sentences, the tenses used, the polarity, and several syntactical strategies such as simple sentences, minor sentences, ellipsis, parallelism, and anaphora. Also, the phonological aspect is tackled, i.e., alliteration, assonance, and rhyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability can be defined as meeting today's economic and social needs in such a way as to leave a livable environment for future generations without negatively impacting the ecosystem. Thus, one of the priorities today is to build cities and communities with sustainable living spaces. Such cities and communities are living spaces that meet the needs both of today and tomorrow in the most comprehensive and effective way. In this article, an index system is proposed to measure the sustainability of cities. The proposed sustainable city index was applied to Konya in Türkiye. The city was evaluated over three main dimensions and nine sub-dimensions. The annual increase and decrease of the index scores showed parallelism with the effects of the economic, technological, social and ecological events experienced in the last four years. The result of this study is of great importance as it shows the measurement reliability of the index. The sustainable city index can support recommendations that form the basis of policies and offer city-based performance scorecards for municipalities. It is recommended that city-based comparisons are made not only among cities in Türkiye but also worldwide in order to reach a better comparison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a response to Haze's brief argument for the falsity of the theory that instantial terms refer arbitrarily, proposed by Breckenridge and Magidor in 2012. In this paper, I characterise instantial terms and outline the theory of arbitrary reference; then I reconstruct Haze's argument and contend that it fails in its purpose. Haze's argument is supposed to be a reductio ad absurdum: according to Haze, it proves that a contradiction follows from the most basic tenets of the theory of arbitrary reference. I will argue, however, that the contradiction in question follows not from these tenets, but from the surreptitious use that Haze makes of a self-referential expression. I conclude, consequently, that Haze's argument is nothing more than an illustration of the well-known fact that self-referential expressions produce paradoxical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The graphical approach to the classification problem of Butler group direct decompositions is used to preserve the indecomposability property of some rigid subgroups in all possible direct decompositions of the group itself. The group class under consideration as well as torsion-free abelian groups as a whole admits non-isomorphic direct decompositions. The proof of decomposition existence with predicted properties is one of the investigation streams. Until now the related results concerned only the ranks of indecomposable summands. Now the way of controlling the other properties of group decompositions is suggested. All the results in this direction are closely connected with the algorithm parallelization. The special feature of the results presented is that they give the method of constructing certain dependence graphs as the subgraphs of the algorithm graph to be given in a parallel form preserving the corresponding fragments. Such dependence subgraphs can define the data relations in parallel computations, which reflect various conditions of parallelism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates middle school students' reasoning about parallelism and perpendicularity of two line segments. Data were collected from 83 middle school students through an identification task consisting of various examples and non-examples of the parallelism and perpendicularity of two line segments. One-to-one interviews were also conducted with fifteen students to support students' written reasons. The results indicated that middle school students identify parallel/perpendicular line segments by using three types of reasoning: visual reasoning, attribute reasoning, and language-based reasoning. With the influence of the concept images shaped by prototypical and intuitive examples and linguistic factors, some students either focused on non-critical attributes of the concepts as the critical ones or omitted critical attributes of the concepts. Hence, they either identified examples of parallel line segments and perpendicular line segments as non-examples or considered non-examples of the concepts as examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This current study stylistically analyzed Shadab Zeest Hashmi's poem "I looked Out the Mughal Window" from the perspective of foregrounding. Foregrounding theory has two devices i.e. deviation and parallelism, hence the scholars have chosen the device of deviation for the analysis of the poem understudy. In the poem we observed a lot of stylistic elements which give support to the main idea of the poem. The poem deviates from the normal standard of poetry writing because it is replete with a lot of semantic, grammatical, lexical and synthetic deviations. The scholars only dealt with the analysis of the poem through semantic deviation. On the other hand, the scholars also found code-switching in the poem which gave it uniqueness and attractiveness. Hashmi has perhaps deliberately used other words instead of the same language in which she writes and this is called code-switching. Being a Pakistani born, she has a natural inclination to use words of her national language. That's the reason that she used Urdu words in more of her poems, and that is why her poetry is attractive and appealable to the Urdu speaking/knowing people. The scholars found the poem suitable and attractive for analysis to appreciate the local writer as local voices represent the society in which they live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines media coverage of the 2019 anti-government protests in Montenegro. Based on 13 in-depth interviews and a quantitative content analysis, the data shed light on ways in which democratization struggles are manifested via protest framing in a polarized media system. This paper argues that media clientelism, as manifested through political parallelism and media instrumentalization, provides a better theoretical and analytical framework to understand not only the influence of structural factors that determine protest coverage, but also the role of ideology and journalism cultures embraced at the individual level. This framework is helpful to understand the role of media in democratic struggle not only in emerging and defective democracies, but also in increasingly polarizing societies in the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, I propose a different approach to how we might conceptualize poetry, one that understands the poem not simply in terms of human-centered agency (that is, the complex of author-persona-reader) but as an emergent informatic-system. I focus on how the material and immaterial media of language, prosodic rules, and generic constraints all possess their own kinds of agency, comprising a set of limitations for what words the poet may select in composing the poem. Taking a poem by the Tang dynasty poet Wang Wei, I build upon a number of theoretical framings to argue that these strictures function as the constitute the field of what is possible in terms of poetic composition, that the compositional loop between an individual poet and poem is a cybernetic system and the set of constraints that delimit what is compositionally possible is the cybernetic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examines debuccalization in Gulf Pidgin Arabic (GPA), which targets pharyngeal fricatives,/ʕ/and/ħ/, based on the analysis of feature geometry and Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). This study relies on data elicited from interviews with 10 GPA speakers from two linguistic backgrounds, Bengali and Malayalam. This study concludes that/ʕ/is debuccalized to [ʔ] and/ħ/to [h] in onset position. Debuccalization is also seen as a step prior to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. The process of debuccalization is shown through a feature geometric representation of which the Retracted Tongue Root [RTR], as an articulator feature dominated by the pharyngeal place node in pharyngeal fricatives is prone to inertness. [RTR] inertness and the loss of pharyngeal place node are peculiar to the deletion of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position. Parallelism, as an OT model, is shown to be able to account for debuccalization in the onset in GPA while Harmonic Serialism, as another OT model, is capable of accounting for a serial derivation of which debuccalization of pharyngeal fricatives in the coda position represents the first step prior to consonant deletion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative political communication scholars repeatedly debated political parallelism as a tool to conceptualize the relation of media systems to political cleavages. Despite the fact that populism/anti-populism divides (re-)emerged as central political fault-lines, scholarship has paid little attention to the concept's potential to look at how populist polarization restructures media-politics connections in Latin America and elsewhere. Through a combination of content analysis, in-depth interviews and other sources, this article traces shifts in news media alignments and journalistic practices during and following the recent experience of leftist-populist rule in Argentina. It argues that news media shifted to a distinct form of political parallelism organized around the populism/anti-populism divide in which most private mainstream news media assumed an active political role in the mobilization of anti-populism. The article provides a broader understanding of political parallelism that applies to settings of competitive-electoral populist politics and sheds light on not only news media alignments, but also media involvement in the political task of cleavage construction. Scholarly research on Latin America, given its focus on instrumental media-politics connections or its concerns over populist threats to media freedom, generally misses both the politicizing role of anti-populist media and the ways in which they mirror populist style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In developing ethnopoetics as an approach to the interpretation and analysis of oral performance, Dell Hymes controversially insisted that spoken narratives should be heard and read as poetry rather than prose. Although ethnopoetics is cross-culturally intended, only a few studies in a limited number of languages have so far been conducted. This article provides an analysis of a Danish spoken narrative of personal experience that supports Hymes's contention that narratives are patterned in lines, that verses constitute the units that organize lines, that relations among verses are measured, and that parallelism is a pervasive feature of everyday storytelling. Verse analysis is unique in demonstrating the expressive force, poetic sophistication, psychological complexity, and aesthetic quality of spoken narrative. The article discusses the methodological implications of moving between text and performance, a static object and a dynamic body, the spatial distribution of written symbols and the temporal organization of orally expressed language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this article is the reception history of biblical genres, or the metapoetics of genre-making. It argues that the seemingly fixed presentations of the genres of biblical poetry in the twentieth century—as in Robert Alter's classic guide to biblical Hebrew poetry—emerge from an eighteenth-century encounter: the English exegete Robert Lowth's dramatic attempt to fit Greek and Roman generic models to the Hebrew text. Lowth's resulting genres, or what he called the "species" of biblical poetry, were shaped both by the parallels he discovered between classical and Hebrew traditions, and by the small and large aberrations he faced in his process of translation. The article focuses on the characterization of a poetic form that never existed: the ancient Hebrew ode. Although, in this case, Lowth fails in his biblical scholarship, his Hebrew ode demonstrates the spirit of his creative project. By fitting Hebrew poetry to neoclassical models, Lowth subtly transformed neoclassical categories and possibilities, opening up new imaginative expanses within the lyrical mode and preparing the way for a more flexible, complex, and emotionally sophisticated Romantic lyric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The engagement of the German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) with biblical Hebrew poetry already during the early stages of his career in the 1770s and later during the Divan period (1814–27) was associated with his study of Oriental literatures. Under the influence of his mentor and friend, Johann Gottfried Herder, Goethe devoted himself to studying and translating Hebrew and Arabic sources (mostly from the Latin), among them the Song of Songs, alongside chapters from the Qurʾan. In his late work his reflections on the Hebrew biblical poem were associated with his interpretation of Persian classical poetry, first and foremost the ghazals, the love poems by Hâfiz, while composing his work Der westöstlicher Divan. This article offers a comparative study of Goethe's translation and interpretation of Song of Songs, discussing its major motives, the dialectic of profane love and the sacred, confusion and disorientation, drunkenness, erotic desire, and gender ambiguities. It refers to Goethe's translation of the Hebrew poem also in conjunction with a critical, decolonial review of Weltliteratur (world literature). Goethe's Song of Songs serves us as a map of literary interactions, in which the German, the Hebrew and the Persian are brought into conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern scholarship tends to investigate biblical poetry in an exhaustive, disciplined fashion and thus defines parallelism in an apolitical way. Returning to the premodern period, more partial conceptions of parallelism can newly open the question of the form's politics. I argue that Spenser shapes the episode of the Egalitarian Giant in The Faerie Queene around his conception of biblical parallelism, which involves a recourse to literary balance to transcend political tensions within scripture. In The Faerie Queene , we see an early employment of a literary approach to Scripture to contain political conflict; Spenser's conception of parallelism testifies both to biblical poetry's fractious, radical possibilities to disrupt the social order and to the emergence of a more detached, disciplined, and aestheticized approach to that poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Exemplaria Classica is the property of Exemplaria Classica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Software-defined wide area networking (SD-WAN) enables dynamic network policy control over a large distributed network via network updates. To be practical, network updates must be consistent (i.e., free of transient errors caused by updates to multiple switches), secure (i.e., only be executed when sent from valid controllers), and reliable (i.e., function despite the presence of faulty or malicious members in the control plane), while imposing only minimal overhead on controllers and switches. We present SERENE: a protocol for secure and reliable network updates for SD-WAN environments. In short: Consistency is provided through the combination of an update scheduler and a distributed transactional protocol. Security is preserved by authenticating network events and updates, the latter with an adaptive threshold cryptographic scheme. Reliability is provided by replicating the control plane and making it resilient to a dynamic adversary by using a distributed ledger as a controller failure detector.We ensure practicality by providing a mechanism for scalability through the definition of independent network domains and exploiting the parallelism of network updates both within and across domains. We formally define SERENE's protocol and prove its safety with regards to event-linearizability. Extensive experiments show that SERENE imposes minimal switch burden and scales to large networks running multiple network applications all requiring concurrent network updates, imposing at worst a 16% overhead on short-lived flow completion and negligible overhead on anticipated normal workloads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its importance in various fields, analogical reasoning has not yet received a unified formal representation. Our contribution proposes a general scheme of inference that is compatible with different types of logic (deductive, probabilistic, non-monotonic). Firstly, analogical assessment precisely defines the similarity of two objects according to their properties, in a relative rather than absolute way. Secondly, analogical inference transfers a new property from one object to a similar one, thanks to an over-hypothesis linking two sets of properties. The belief strength in the conclusion is then directly related to the belief strength in this meta-hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As films are distributed across the globe, film song translation has become a subject of study, which entails considering multi-modal factors. This paper aims to explore the major dimensions and parameters involved in film song translation. Based on previous research on music and translation, this paper proposes a framework for studying film song translation from verbal, vocal, and visual dimensions. The verbal dimension involves semantic meaning, metaphors, images, mood, and emotion. The vocal dimension includes the number of syllables and musical notes, the length of musical notes, rhyme and parallelism, the rise and fall of the melody, and the segmentation of a line. The visual dimension covers the plot, characters, and background pictures. This paper uses this framework to analyze the Chinese translation of Amazing Grace in the film Forever Young to demonstrate how film song translation can be flexible in tackling verbal, vocal, and visual restrictions and possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As well as social and cultural life, commercial life has also been affected by the industrial revolutions. Because the structures of enterprises have changed how their performance is evaluated, have indispensably changed. In today's brutally competitive environment, it is of great importance that enterprises constantly assess their performance so that they can maintain their existence firstly and achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Due to the current importance of the topic in this study, it was examined how the field of organizational performance has developed in the Industry 4.0 period. The purpose of this study is to reveal whether Industry 4.0 and the field of organizational performance show parallelism in terms of evolution. This parallelism was examined in terms of use of the artificial intelligence techniques in organizational performance evaluation methods. Therefore, available literature related the topic was reviewed by way of the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol developed by Boell and Cecez-Kecmanovic [6] and the traditional literature review method. As a result of the research, it was seen that the field of organizational performancehas not developed in parallel with Industry 4.0 until now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bucerius Law Journal is the property of Bucerius Law School e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This corpus-based study focuses on the spoken nature of insubordination by analyzing intonation vis-à-vis interpersonal functions associated with specific insubordination patterns in spontaneously produced Czech conversations. This paper shows that there is a consistent relationship between the epistemic function of a given variant and its intonational contour: the pattern found in argumentative settings is associated with a conclusive, sharply falling cadence, while the variant found in collaborative contexts and imparting an explicative flavor has a slightly rising melody, suggesting inconclusiveness. We also discovered a clear parallelism between these two intonational variants and an intonational split in the embedded polar questions after the verb form nevím 'I don't know', the most likely source of the insubordinate structures. This finding further motivates the interpersonal functions served by the insubordination patterns: the argumentative variant marks a high degree of confidence about p not being true, while the slightly rising contour of the explicative pattern marks a low degree of confidence in p being true, thus necessarily projecting tentativeness. The results strengthen the status of these patterns as conventional grammatical units distinct from their syntactic source; they show that their phonic properties provide salient interpretive cues; and they also contribute to the question of how we conceptualize the emergence of insubordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To help novice learners overcome the obstacles of learning computational thinking (CT) through programming, it is vital to identify difficult CT components. This study aimed to determine the computational concepts and practices that learners may have difficulties acquiring and discuss how programming instructions should be designed to facilitate learning CT in online learning environments. Participants included 92 undergraduate students enrolled in an online course. Data were collected from a CT knowledge test and coding journals. Results revealed that four computational concepts (i.e., parallelism, conditionals, data, and operators) and two computational practices (i.e., testing and debugging and abstracting and modularizing) were identified as CT components that were difficult to learn. The findings of this study imply that CT instructions should offer additional instructional supports to enhance the mastery of difficult computational concepts and practices. Further research is necessary to investigate instructional approaches to successful CT learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robert Hartman's parallelism argument aims to show that resultant moral luck exists. The gist of the argument is this: because there is circumstantial moral luck in a particular circumstantial luck scenario and that scenario is analogous in important ways to a particular resultant luck scenario, the resultant luck scenario is plausibly an instance of resultant moral luck (and hence, resultant moral luck exists). I argue that there is a principled way of denying that circumstantial moral luck is present in the circumstantial luck scenario. Doing so is not enough, however, to reject Hartman's general analogical line of reasoning since an alternative parallelism argument based on a resultant luck scenario and a circumstantial luck scenario of another kind can be made. Nevertheless, I argue that the analogy between the circumstantial luck scenario and the resultant luck scenario in both the alternative parallelism argument and its original counterpart is too weak to support the claim that resultant moral luck is present in the resultant luck scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-dimensional data anonymization approaches (e.g., Mondrian) ensure more fine-grained data privacy by providing a different anonymization strategy applied for each attribute. Many variations of multi-dimensional anonymization have been implemented on different distributed processing platforms (e.g., MapReduce, Spark) to take advantage of their scalability and parallelism supports. According to our critical analysis on overheads, either existing iteration-based or recursion-based approaches do not provide effective mechanisms for creating the optimal number of and relative size of resilient distributed datasets (RDDs), thus heavily suffer from performance overheads. To solve this issue, we propose a novel hybrid approach for effectively implementing a multi-dimensional data anonymization strategy (e.g., Mondrian) that is scalable and provides high-performance. Our hybrid approach provides a mechanism to create far fewer RDDs and smaller size partitions attached to each RDD than existing approaches. This optimal RDD creation and operations approach is critical for many multi-dimensional data anonymization applications that create tremendous execution complexity. The new mechanism in our proposed hybrid approach can dramatically reduce the critical overheads involved in re-computation cost, shuffle operations, message exchange, and cache management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]