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Metody mierzenia efektów realizacji funkcji personalnej we współczesnych przedsiębiorstwach. Zarządzanie ryzykiem jako czynnik kreowania wartości przedsiębiorstwa. Zabezpieczenie płynności finansowej w przedsiębiorstwie. Rating nadzoru korporacyjnego. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The purpose of this article is to develop the concept of R. C. Higgins sustainable corporate growth to the form applicable under conditions of unstable prices (inflation/deflation) and increasing assets to sale ratio. According to the proposed formulas, the level of sustainable growth rate is not only depending on a level of return on sales, intensity of asset management, capital structure and solutions in the field of net profit distribution, but also on price level changes, assets structure and comparative increasing expenditure on fixed assets.

Postal services market in Poland has been liberalising for several years. It manifests itself through reduction of reserved area (market which is reserved for the public postal operator) and through increasing of the number of private postal operators. But these changes didn't have a major impact on the transformation of the Polish postal market. This market is regulated by a government appointed body and position of public postal operator – Poczta Polska SA – is protected by law. According to the European Directive opening up the postal market to the competition, by 1 January 2011 Poland must implement new Postal Law. New law will change, among other things, organizational and financial conditions of business activity of Poczta Polska SA. Taking into consideration the fact that the current financial standing of the Polish public postal operator is difficult, it should be underlined that Poczta Polska SA will be forced to take radical restructuring action. The main purpose of this article is to recognize the situation in the postal services market in Poland in the context of its full liberalisation and opening to the competition. The partial goals of this article are as follows: – to give an overview of the postal services market in Poland, – to show prospects of changes of this market in the face of EU Directives implementation, – to present the situation and purpose of Poczta Polska SA in the context of full liberalisation of the postal services market.

The main goal of this article is presentation of concept, range, advantages and weakness of trade credit and accounts receivable management outsourcing. The article includes short review of outsourcing services in this field, available for polish enterprises. Considerations refer to following problems: the essence and scope of trade credit and accounts receivable management outsourcing, outsourcing-partner selection issues, opportunities and threats in the process of trade credit and accounts receivable management outsourcing, review of trade credit and accounts receivable management outsourcing services, available for polish enterprises, especially in the field of economic intelligence, payments monitoring and services,factoring, trade credit insurance and debt recovery.

This article aims at a short presentation of particular types of non-commercial and commercial partnerships, as well as presentation of growth opportunities and constraints in the operation of a joint stock company in conditions of market economy with a special emphasis placed on possibilities of developing the model of growth strategy analysis of a joint stock company in comparison with methods of evaluating this strategy described in the literature of the subject hitherto. The choice of a joint stock company as the main object of analysis was determined by specific characteristics of this legal form of a company, which create most favourable conditions for mobilizing all economic mechanisms of a company’s growth. Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

This article describes the essence of venture capital market. Changes of the market and natural evolution of family businesses cause that family venture capital are becoming more important. This funds are stand out by many of the characteristics in comparison to the others. It can make them more efficient concerning invested capital as well as for economy. The article highlights importance of family venture capital in economy and demand for analysis how they function. The emphasis is put on the characteristics which are transferred from family businesses to family venture capital. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The growing meaning in activity of enterprise of breakthrough such immaterial assets, as the knowledge and the intellectual property lay down at bases of appearing term „the new economy”. Present conceptions and the theories of management exhibit the part of knowledge in effective functioning organization. This question take in special meaning in conditions of development of sectors economy leaning on knowledge, in which customer and adapted to his needs – product high margin of profit – becomes with key factor of growth of value enterprise. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

Factoring is a modern and innovative way of current financing of the enterprises. It constitutes the essential and important source of improvement the financial liquidity and grades the threats of payment gridlock. Although the factoring plays a very important role, Polish enterprises don’t use this source of financing very often. The paper present the activities of the enterprises in the scope of factoring. It also shows the main barriers of factoring development in the opinion of the examined company. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The aim of the paper is to present the corporate governance codes that have been worked out in India since the end of the XX-th century. The genesis and development of those documents, divided into official and private, were summarized. The analysis revealed that India is very active in corporate governance area, but the achievements concerning codes’ provisions are much grater in theory than in practice. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The article analyzes the investment activity of companies making their debut on the WSE. It has been shown that, firstly, they acquire a lot of capital, many times more than they had prior to the issue. This raises the question whether they will be able to effectively invest it. And secondly, much of the capital is invested in short-term deposits and current assets. However, investment in fixed assets is the dominant direction of investment only for companies going public during the bear market. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The aim of this article is to present the role of information management in enterprises with underline the barriers in this process. The barriers can be limited by development, knowledge and skills for information understanding. Moreover, there is presented the information as necessity of making a decision process. In last part of the article the problems in barriers in information management were presented on the example of cement industry enterprises. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

This study is an attempt to approximate the complex issues relating to the differentiation strategy of products implemented by a manufacturing plant. Based on theoretical knowledge as well as their own professional experience, the authors found it appropriate to conduct the subject literature queries, remaining in direct relation to the topic of the research. In the further part of the paper it was considered appropriate to develop a manufacturing plant strategy model based on product diversity. The authors intend to move the conducted theoretical considerations to the field of practice, assessment of quality of the product differentiation in terms of its impact on the profitability manifested by an increase in the value of the studied manufacturing plant. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The contemporary management requires quite new ideas to create the leading strategic positions of an enterprise in the variable and competitive environment. Some of these ideas are connected with functioning of enterprise’s network as a new way to coordinate the partners’ economic behavior. In this article the new instrument of modeling of returns creating is proposed–network leverage. It comes out by the higher profits at the wider range of heterarchical relations with independent partners. The key calculations have been illustrated by a case. All of proposed formulas are adequate to common financial systems of data record. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The article firstly presents the essence and causes of using controlling in small business. Nextly it shows staged methodology of controlling concept constructing for these kinds of businesses. It is based on presented premises and conviction of lack on this subject knowledge among small business entrepreneurs. The article also describes next stages, bringing closer problems connected with strategic selection of controlling concept in small business, choice of structures, aims, tools and controlling organization. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The issues of the profitability of equity constitutes an important aspect in the enterprise management, particularly as an element which can increase market value. Against this background the realistic estimate of the return on equity and its impact on the effectiveness of the enterprise come into a relevant prominence. The main aim of the article is to draw attention to the variety of assessment methods return on equity, existing in the literature on the subject. This paper shows the results of theoretical and empirical research on the comparative analysis of rates of return on equity, based on the net profit, comprehensive income, cumulative retained earnings and cash flows. The adoption of a particular method of estimating the return on equity may differentiate assessment of the effectiveness of the enterprise. The empirical studies have been included in selected fuel industry companies quoted in the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period 2009–2011. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

Managerial elasticity and knowledge are key factors contributing to the value creation capabilities of the firm. Both factors are affected by developments in information and communication technologies. These technologies contribute to elasticity of production and stimulate organizational innovation at both intra- and inter-firm level. Knowledge – commonly accepted as a factor contributing to value creation capabilities of the firm is also affected by developments in ICT technologies, in particular by so called „migration”. The knowledge migration processes, in turn, create a challenge for managers who have to respond promptly to these changes. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The author in this article seeks to answer the question - whether investors can beat the market by concentrating their portfolios on companies that practice good corporate governance? However, the author has not given conclusive answers. In those countries where the legal system is effective and the level of investor protection is high, good governance should be reflected in the prices of shares. Companies of these countries have already adopted best practice in governance. The scope of corporate governance improving remains marginal. Consequently, it does not translate into a significant change in firms performance and their value. Additional benefits of good corporate governance practices to be found in those countries, where the level of investor protection is weaker (lower effectiveness of formal and informal institutions) and the risk of tunneling and expropriation of minority shareholders is greater. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The aim of this article was to identify and describe social responsible enterprises in Poland. The basis of identification process was the assumption, that social responsible enterprises have strategy, that consist of targets an measures in three dimensions: financial, ecological and social. Translation the strategy into the targets and measures in following dimensions, is a necessary condition of sustainable growth strategy. The data source were survey results in non-financial enterprises in Poland, in a half 2012 year. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The aim of the article is to present the comprehensive income established by International Financial Reporting Standards. Statement of comprehensive income was implemented by polish accounting law in 2009 for the entities using international financial reporting standards. In the article were explained main categories which influence on the comprehensive income. Some of the entities can present their total comprehensive income for a period as a single statement of comprehensive income, or in two statements – an income statement and a statement of comprehensive income. Three examples of these statements shows that in the practise there are not one scheme presentation of the income. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

Aim of this paper is to show the importance of measuring the effects of the implementation of HR processes management personnel function in modern enterprises. In the empirical part of the article presents the results of studies that used secondary sources, and the partial results of primary research carried out on the population 50 companies, using a questionnaire and direct interviews. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The aim of this article is to assess the situation of long-run IPO returns on the Polish stock market. The research was conducted to verification of hypothesis about negative average abnormal long-run IPO returns over 2009–2011 in the context of the agency and investment decisions theory. Stock price, issuing rights value and dividend were subjects of analysis. It has been confirmed that there was a loss in the long-term. The results of research are convergent with the situation of stock markets around the world. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.

The paper is an attempt to describe an impact of a shale gas production in the US on selected energy markets. Potential shale gas resources and production methods have been presented. The paper has focused on the US gas market, and an impact resulted from a growing production of shale gas. The American shale gas revolution and it’s economic, political, ecological, and safety aspects have been discussed. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.