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540 results on '"PANDIT, VIRAJ"'

13. Acute care surgery: An evolving paradigm

Author

Jurkovich, Gregory J., Davis, Kimberly A., Burlew, Clay Cothren, Dente, Christopher J., Galante, Joseph M., Goodwin, Joel S., II, Joseph, Bellal, de Moya, Marc, Becher, Robert D., and Pandit, Viraj

Published
2017
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37. Hafnium or zirconium high-k fab cross-contamination issues

Author

Vermeire, Bert, Pandit, Viraj S., Parks, Harold G., Raghavan, Srini, Ramkumar, Krishnaswami, and Jeon, Joong

Subjects
Contamination (Technology) -- Causes of, Semiconductor device, Business, Computers, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Hf and Zr contamination during immersion in process solutions is most likely to occur in neutral and caustic solutions. Both Hf and Zr contamination are introduced onto the wafer surface if they are present in an ammonium hydroxide peroxide mixture solution (which is caustic), but such contamination is removed using existing acid cleans. Large mounts of wafer-to-wafer cross contamination occurs in plasma etch tools. Particles can cause cross contamination in a thermal reactor during high-temperature anneals of high-k dielectric layers. Residual surface cross contamination does not diffuse into the wafers during thermal processing. If contamination remains on a wafer, gate oxide integrity degradation is only observed at high concentrations. Near surface minority carrier lifetime is also affected, but bulk lifetime is not. Index Terms--Cleaning, cross contamination, hafnium dioxide (Hf[O.sub.2]), high-k dielectric, zirconium dioxide (Zr[O.sub.2]).

Published
2004

45. Frailty Syndrome in Patients With Lower Extremity Amputation: Simplifying How We Calculate Frailty.

Author

Pandit, Viraj, Tan, Tze-Woei, Kempe, Kelly, Chitwood, Joshua, Kim, Hyein, Horst, Vernon, Zhou, Wei, and Nelson, Peter

Subjects
*LEG amputation, *OPERATIVE surgery, *SURGICAL complications, *PATIENT readmissions, *DEATH rate, *PREDICTION models, *FORECASTING
Abstract

Frailty syndrome is an established predictor of adverse outcomes after surgical procedures. Our study aimed to compare the simplified National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 5-factor–modified frailty index (mFI-5) to its prior 11-factor–modified frailty index (mFI-11) with respect to the predictive ability for mortality, postoperative complications, and unplanned 30-d readmission in patients undergoing lower limb amputation. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2005-2012) databank was queried for all geriatric patients (>65 y) who underwent above-knee and below-knee amputations. We calculated each mFI by dividing the number of factors present for a patient by the total number of available factors. To assess the correlation between the mFI-5 and mFI-11, we used Spearman's rho rank coefficient. We then compared the two indices for each outcome (30-d complication, 30-d mortality, and 30-d readmission) and C-Statistic using predictive models. A total of 8681 patients were included with mean age of 76 ± 9 y, complication rate 35.8%, mortality rate 10.2%, and readmission rate 15.9%. There was no difference in type of amputation in frail and nonfrail. Correlation between the mFI-5 and mFI-11 was above 0.9 for all outcome measures. Both mFI-5 and mFI-11 indexes had strong predictive ability for mortality, postoperative complications, and 30-d readmissions. In patients undergoing major lower limb amputation, we found mFI-5 and the mFI-11 were equally effective in predicting postoperative outcomes. Frailty remained a strong predictor of postoperative complications, mortality, and 30-d readmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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