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1. Form and Function

Author

Doucet, Daniel, Paine, Timothy D., D. Allison, Jeremy, editor, Paine, Timothy D., editor, Slippers, Bernard, editor, and Wingfield, Michael J., editor

Published
2023
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2. Alloionema similis n. sp., a genetically divergent sibling species of A. appendiculatum Schneider, 1859 (Rhabditida: Alloionematidae) from invasive slugs in California, USA

Author

Holovachov, Oleksandr, Boström, Sven, Tandingan De Ley, Irma, Mc Donnell, Rory J, Alvarado, Salomon, Paine, Timothy D, and De Ley, Paul

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Genetics, Microbiology, Animals, California, Female, Gastropoda, Genetic Variation, Male, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S, RNA, Ribosomal, 28S, Rhabditida, Species Specificity, Zoology, Veterinary Sciences, Mycology & Parasitology, Veterinary sciences
Abstract

A new species of Alloionema Schneider, 1859, A. similis n. sp., and the known species A. appendiculatum Schneider, 1859 were isolated from cadavers of invasive slugs in California. Both species are described based on morphology, morphometrics and molecular data. Alloionema similis n. sp. is morphologically very similar to A. appendiculatum but can be distinguished by a more posterior position of the excretory pore in the Kleinform females and longer tail in the Kleinform males. Substantial differences between the two species are, however, found in both 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. Sequence analysis revealed unambiguous autapomorphies in nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of rRNA genes, separating A. appendiculatum and A. similis n. sp. Molecular phylogenies were inferred from concatenated secondary-structure based multiple sequence alignments of nearly complete 18S and the D1-D3 domains of the 28S rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses placed these two species as sister taxa in a monophyletic clade, separately from Neoalloionema tricaudatum Ivanova, Pham Van Luc & Spiridonov, 2016 and N. indicum Nermuť, Půža & Mráček, 2016.

Published
2016

3. Fitness Effects of Food Resources on the Polyphagous Aphid Parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae).

Author

Charles, Jennifer J and Paine, Timothy D

Subjects
Animals, Aphids, Hymenoptera, Feeding Behavior, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Conservation biological control involving the polyphagous aphid parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck, may include provisioning resources from a variety of plant sources. The fitness of adult A. colemani was enhanced with the provision of food resources such as floral nectar from a range of both native and introduced plant species and aphid honeydew under laboratory conditions. However, enhanced fitness appeared to be species specific rather than associated with the whether the plant was a native or an introduced species. Parasitoid survival and fecundity were enhanced significantly in response to the availability of floral nectar and honeydew compared to the response to available extrafloral nectar. These positive effects on the parasitoid's reproductive activity can improve the effectiveness of conservation biological control in nursery production systems because of the abundance and diversity of floral resources within typical production areas. Additionally, surrounding areas of invasive weeds and native vegetation could serve as both floral resources and honeydew food resources for A. colemani.

Published
2016

4. First record of Closterocerus chamaeleon, parasitoid of the Eucalyptus Gall Wasp Ophelimus maskelli (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae), in the New World

Author

Burks, Roger A, Mottern, Jason L, Pownall, Nicole G, Waterworth, Rebeccah, and Paine, Timothy D

Subjects
Zoology, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Biological Sciences, Natural enemy, exotic pest, biological control, Evolutionary biology
Abstract

The uniparental parasitoid Closteroceruschamaeleon (Girault) is discovered to be fortuitously present on a population of the invasive Eucalyptus Gall Wasp Ophelimusmaskelli (Ashmead) in Riverside, California. This is the first report from the New World of Closteroceruschamaeleon, which has proven to be a highly effective natural enemy of Ophelimusmaskelli in the Mediterranean Basin. The taxonomy and identification of Closteroceruschamaeleon is discussed.

Published
2015

5. Evidence of a Genetic Basis for Differences in Parasitization Success between Strains of Avetianella longoi (Siscaro).

Author

Umeda, Colin and Paine, Timothy D

Subjects
Animals, Wasps, Crosses, Genetic, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Quantitative Trait Loci, Female, Male, Crosses, Genetic, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, General Science & Technology
Abstract

When the cerambycid, Phoracantha recurva, invaded California in the mid 1990's a parasitoid wasp was imported from its native range in Australia as part of a biological control program. The wasp was later identified to be Avetianella longoi, which had already been released years earlier to control the congener longhorned beetle, Phoracantha semipunctata. Despite being recognized as the same species, the two wasps exhibited differential success on P. recurva eggs, indicating the presence of two separate strains. Here we determine if the differentiating factor between the two strains of A. longoi is a heritable genetic trait. All four pairings between the two strains were conducted, resulting in two homogenous and two heterogeneous crosses. All crosses except one produced viable F1 female offspring. F1 females were allowed to oviposit on P. recurva eggs and the survival of their offspring was compared to determine if survival can be affected by paternal contributions. The result was that the offspring of females with fathers from the second introduced strain showed significantly increased survival compared to F1 females with parents from the first introduced strain. This increased survival demonstrated that there is a heritable dominant trait that is associated with increased survival on P. recurva host eggs.

Published
2015

6. First record of Closteroceruschamaeleon, parasitoid of the Eucalyptus Gall Wasp Ophelimusmaskelli (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae), in the New World.

Author

Burks, Roger A, Mottern, Jason L, Pownall, Nicole G, Waterworth, Rebeccah, and Paine, Timothy D

Subjects
Natural enemy, biological control, exotic pest, Evolutionary Biology, Zoology
Abstract

The uniparental parasitoid Closteroceruschamaeleon (Girault) is discovered to be fortuitously present on a population of the invasive Eucalyptus Gall Wasp Ophelimusmaskelli (Ashmead) in Riverside, California. This is the first report from the New World of Closteroceruschamaeleon, which has proven to be a highly effective natural enemy of Ophelimusmaskelli in the Mediterranean Basin. The taxonomy and identification of Closteroceruschamaeleon is discussed.

Published
2015

9. Introduction

Author

Paine, Timothy D., Lieutier, François, Paine, Timothy D., editor, and Lieutier, Francois, editor

Published
2016
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12. Slugs: A Guide to the Invasive and Native Fauna of California

Author

Mc Donnell, Rory J, Paine, Timothy D, and Gormally, Michael J

Subjects
slugs, mollusc control, pests
Abstract

The first thorough key to the identification of slugs in California. You may think all slugs look alike, but on closer examination you will be surprised at how they differ. Color photographs.

Published
2009

14. Manipulation of plant defense responses by the tomato psyllid (Bactericerca cockerelli) and its associated endosymbiont Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous.

Author

Casteel, Clare L, Hansen, Allison K, Walling, Linda L, and Paine, Timothy D

Subjects
Animals, Hemiptera, Rhizobiaceae, Lycopersicon esculentum, Salicylic Acid, Cyclopentanes, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Insect Vectors, Symbiosis, Signal Transduction, Plant Diseases, Female, Male, Oxylipins, Host-Pathogen Interactions, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Some plant pathogens form obligate relationships with their insect vector and are vertically transmitted via eggs analogous to insect endosymbionts. Whether insect endosymbionts manipulate plant defenses to benefit their insect host remains unclear. The tomato psyllid, Bactericerca cockerelli (Sulc), vectors the endosymbiont "Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous" (Lps) during feeding on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Lps titer in psyllids varied relative to the psyllid developmental stage with younger psyllids harboring smaller Lps populations compared to older psyllids. In the present study, feeding by different life stages of B. cockerelli infected with Lps, resulted in distinct tomato transcript profiles. Feeding by young psyllid nymphs, with lower Lps levels, induced tomato genes regulated by jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) (Allene oxide synthase, Proteinase inhibitor 2, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 5, Pathogenesis-related protein 1) compared to feeding by older nymphs and adults, where higher Lps titers were found. In addition, inoculation of Lps without insect hosts suppressed accumulation of these defense transcripts. Collectively, these data suggest that the endosymbiont-like pathogen Lps manipulates plant signaling and defensive responses to benefit themselves and the success of their obligate insect vector on their host plant.

Published
2012

15. Forest Entomology and Pathology

Author

D. Allison, Jeremy, Paine, Timothy D., Slippers, Bernard, and Wingfield, Michael J.

Subjects
Integrated Pest Management, Entomology, Forest, Ecology, Pathology, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences::PSVT Zoology: Invertebrates::PSVT7 Insects (entomology), bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences::PSTP Plant pathology & diseases, bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVR Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques, bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management
Abstract

This open access book will provide an introduction to forest entomology, the principles and techniques of forest insect pest management, the different forest insect guilds/feeding groups, and relevant forest insect pest management case studies. In addition to covering 30% of the earth, forest ecosystems provide numerous timber and non-timber products that affect our daily lives and recreational opportunities, habitat for diverse animal communities, watershed protection, play critical roles in the water cycle, and mitigate soil erosion and global warming. In addition to being the most abundant organisms in forest ecosystems, insects perform numerous functions in forests, many of which are beneficial and critical to forest health. Conversely, some insects damage and/or kill trees and reduce the capacity of forests to provide desired ecosystem services. The target audience of this book is upper-level undergraduate and graduate students and professionals interested in forest health and entomology. ; A comprehensive companion textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in Forest Entomology has not been published since the text by Coulson and Witter in 1984. Comprehensive case studies to accompany chapters on specific feeding guilds and pest management. This text will have a chapter addressing the invasion biology of forest insects. This text will have a companion volume co-edited by the same four editors (Volume 1: Allison, Paine, Slippers and Wingfield; Volume 2: Slippers, Wingfield, Paine and Allison).

Published
2023
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16. Forest insect population dynamics

Author

Allison, Jeremy D., Paine, Timothy D., Slippers, Bernard, Wingfield, Michael J., Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Produción Vexetal e Proxectos de Enxeñaría, Garnas, Jeff R., Ayres, Matthew P., Lombardero Díaz, María Josefa, Allison, Jeremy D., Paine, Timothy D., Slippers, Bernard, Wingfield, Michael J., Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Produción Vexetal e Proxectos de Enxeñaría, Garnas, Jeff R., Ayres, Matthew P., and Lombardero Díaz, María Josefa

Abstract

Most insect species are rare most of the time, but populations of certain taxa exhibit dramatic fluctuations in abundance across years. These fluctuations range from highly regular, cyclical dynamics to mathematical chaos. Peaks in abundance, or “population outbreaks” are notable both for the damage they can cause in natural and planted forests and for the rich body of research and theory they have inspired focused on elucidating drivers of population fluctuations across time and space. This chapter explores some of the key mechanisms that explain the population dynamics of outbreaking species, including variation in intrinsic growth rates, lagged endogenous feedbacks linked to top-down and/or bottom-up effects, nonlinearities in the density dependent relationship, and the existence of multiple stable and unstable equilibria, among others. We explore some basic mathematical and graphical approaches to modeling and representing these dynamics and provide a suite of empirical examples from the recent and historical literature

Published
2023

17. Imported parasitic wasp helps control red gum lerp psyllid

Author

Dahlsten, Donald L., Daane, Kent M., Paine, Timothy D., Sime, Karen R., Lawson, Andrew B., Rowney, David L., Roltsch, William J., Andrews Jr., John W., Kabashima, John N., Shaw, David A., Robb, Karen L., Geisel, Pamela M., Chaney, William E., Ingels, Chuck A., Varela, Lucia G., Bianchi, Mary L., and Taylor, Gary

Subjects
Pest Management, river red gum, eucalyptus, red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspsis brimblecombei, parasitic wasp, Psyllaephagus bliteus, biological control
Abstract

The red gum lerp psyllid is an insect native to Australia, where it feeds upon eucalyptus species. Since 1998 this psyllid has spread throughout California, resulting in millions of dollars in damage and control costs. To help suppress the red gum lerp psyllid, a biological control program was initiated and a psyllid-specific parasitic wasp was imported from Australia in 1999 and released in 2000. In most coastal regions this biological control agent has provided substantial control, but in some interior regions the psyllid still remains a problem. Researchers are continuing their investigations to determine if full statewide suppression will be realized eventually, or if further importation of new parasitoid species is needed.

Published
2005

20. 10

Author

Paine, Timothy D. and Paine, Timothy D.

Published
2006
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33. Contributors

Author

Acorn, John H., primary, Adams, Michael E., additional, Adler, Peter H., additional, Albuquerque, Gilberto S., additional, Alexander, Richard D., additional, Altstein, Miriam, additional, Andersen, Svend O., additional, Anderson, Norman H., additional, Andow, David A., additional, Antolin, Michael F., additional, Arensburger, Peter, additional, Arlian, Larry G., additional, Aspöck, Horst, additional, Aspöck, Ulrike, additional, Atkinson, Peter W., additional, Baumann, Arnd, additional, Beckage, Nancy E., additional, Bellinger, Peter, additional, Berenbaum, May R., additional, Berg, Martin B., additional, Bernays, Elizabeth A., additional, Björkman, Christer, additional, Black, Scott Hoffman, additional, Blair, Seth S., additional, Blenau, Wolfgang, additional, Blum, Murray S., additional, Bonning, Bryony C., additional, Bradley, Timothy J., additional, Brakefield, Paul M., additional, Brittain, John E., additional, Brower, Lincoln P., additional, Brune, Andreas, additional, Burkholder, Wendell E., additional, Byers, George W., additional, Cardé, Ring T., additional, Chapman, R.F., additional, Cheng, Lanna, additional, Christiansen, Kenneth A., additional, Clark, Thomas M., additional, Cochran, Donald G., additional, Cohen, Ephraim, additional, Ćokl, Andrej, additional, Courtney, Gregory W., additional, Covell, Charles V., additional, Craig, Catherine, additional, Crane, Eva, additional, Cranston, Peter S., additional, Crumly, Charles R., additional, Dahlem, Gregory A., additional, Dahlsten, Donald L., additional, DeFoliart, Gene R., additional, Denholm, Ian, additional, Denlinger, David L., additional, Devine, Gregor J., additional, Dickinson, Michael, additional, Dietrich, Christopher H., additional, Dingle, Hugh, additional, Douglas, Angela E., additional, Dowell, Robert V., additional, Dudley, Robert, additional, Edman, John D., additional, Eldridge, Bruce F., additional, Elkinton, Joseph S., additional, Engel, Michael S., additional, Erber, Joachim, additional, Federici, Brian A., additional, Feldman, Lewis J., additional, Ferreira, Clélia, additional, Foster, R. Nelson, additional, Frankie, Gordon W., additional, Franks, Nigel R., additional, French, Andrew S., additional, Futuyma, Douglas J., additional, Gentry, Erin C., additional, Gerry, Alec C., additional, Ghiradella, Helen, additional, Gillespie, Rosemary G., additional, Giribet, Gonzalo, additional, Goff, M. Lee, additional, Gordh, Gordon, additional, Gotthard, Karl, additional, Grbić, Miodrag, additional, Greenberg, Les, additional, Grimaldi, David, additional, Grossmann, Christin, additional, Gullan, Penny J., additional, Gwynne, Darryl T., additional, Hallman, Guy, additional, Hare, J. Daniel, additional, Harrison, Jon F., additional, Hastriter, Michael W., additional, Headrick, David H., additional, Heinrich, Bernd, additional, Held, David W., additional, Hellenthal, Ronald A., additional, Hendrichs, Jorge, additional, Henk, Adam D., additional, Hinkle, Nancy C., additional, Hoddle, M.S., additional, Hogue, James N., additional, Houck, Marilyn A., additional, Howarth, Francis G., additional, Hoy, Ron, additional, Hurd, Lawrence E., additional, Ingrisch, Sigfrid, additional, Irwin, Michael E., additional, Jander, Rudolf, additional, Janssens, Frans, additional, Jeanne, Robert L., additional, Joron, Mathieu, additional, Josephson, Robert, additional, Kampmeier, Gail E., additional, Kaneshiro, Kenneth Y., additional, Kanost, Michael R., additional, Kaplan, Alan I., additional, Keiper, Joe B., additional, Kennedy, George G., additional, Kirkendall, Lawrence R., additional, Klass, Klaus-Dieter, additional, Klotz, John, additional, Klowden, Marc J., additional, Koch, Markus, additional, Kogan, Marcos, additional, Kruess, Andreas, additional, Land, Michael F., additional, Lane, Robert S., additional, Leak, Stephen G.A., additional, Lee, Richard E., additional, Lehane, M.J., additional, Leppla, Norman C., additional, Leskosky, Richard J., additional, Lewis, Vernard R., additional, Liebherr, James K., additional, Liu, Paul Z., additional, Lloyd, James E., additional, Loudon, Catherine, additional, Lynn, Dwight E., additional, Majerus, Michael E.N., additional, Martin, Jon H., additional, Masaki, Sinzo, additional, Mason, Linda J., additional, Matsumura, Fumio, additional, McHugh, Joseph V., additional, Meinking, Terri L., additional, Merritt, Richard W., additional, Millar, Jocelyn G., additional, Miller, Thomas A., additional, Mills, Nick, additional, Mitchell, B.K., additional, Mockford, Edward L., additional, Moffett, Mark W., additional, Monath, Thomas P., additional, Morse, John C., additional, Moulds, Max S., additional, Mound, Laurence A., additional, Mullens, Bradley A., additional, Nachtigall, Werner, additional, Nagy, Lisa, additional, Navajas, Maria, additional, Nedvěd, Oldřich, additional, New, Tim R., additional, Nishida, Gordon M., additional, Normark, Benjamin B., additional, O’Brochta, David A., additional, Oconnor, Barry M., additional, O’Donnell, Sean, additional, O’Grady, Patrick M., additional, Otte, Daniel, additional, Page, Terry L., additional, Paine, Timothy D., additional, Palmer, James O., additional, Papaj, Daniel R., additional, Pass, Günther, additional, Patel, Nipam H., additional, Pettersson, Mats W., additional, Pinto, John D., additional, Plarre, Rudy, additional, Platzer, Edward G., additional, Poinar, George, additional, Potter, Daniel A., additional, Powell, Jerry A., additional, Price, Roger D., additional, Prokopy, Ronald, additional, Purcell, Alexander H., additional, Quicke, Donald L.J., additional, Radovsky, Frank J., additional, Rankin, Susan M., additional, Reisen, William K., additional, Rentz, D.C.F., additional, Resh, Vincent H., additional, Riddiford, Lynn M., additional, Ridsdill-Smith, James, additional, Ritzmann, Roy E., additional, Robinson, Alan, additional, Robinson, Gene E., additional, Roderick, George K., additional, Rosenberg, David M., additional, Ross, Edward S., additional, Rust, Michael K., additional, Sartori, Michel, additional, Saul-Gershenz, Leslie, additional, Schaefer, Carl W., additional, Schick, Katherine N., additional, Schmidt, Justin O., additional, Scott, Michelle Pellissier, additional, Scott, Thomas W., additional, Scriber, J. Mark, additional, Sehnal, František, additional, Sherman, Irwin W., additional, Sherman, Ronald A., additional, Simberloff, Daniel, additional, Simmons, Leigh W., additional, Simpson, S.J., additional, Smedley, Scott R., additional, Smith, Edward H., additional, Sonenshine, Daniel E., additional, Sorensen, John T., additional, Spagna, Joseph C., additional, Sparks, Beverly, additional, Sperling, Felix A.H., additional, Statzner, Bernhard, additional, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, additional, Stehr, Frederick W., additional, Stewart, Kenneth W., additional, Stiling, Peter, additional, Storer, Andrew J., additional, Stork, Nigel E., additional, Stouthamer, Richard, additional, Strand, Michael R., additional, Strausfeld, Nicholas J., additional, Sturm, Helmut, additional, Suarez, R.K., additional, Sullivan, Daniel J., additional, Takeda, Satoshi, additional, Tauber, Catherine A., additional, Tauber, Maurice J., additional, Taylor, Orley R., additional, Telfer, William H., additional, Tennessen, K.J., additional, Terra, Walter R., additional, Thies, Carsten, additional, Thompson, F. Christian, additional, Thompson, S.N., additional, Thorp, James H., additional, Thorp, Robbin W., additional, Tilgner, Erich H., additional, Torkkeli, Päivi H., additional, Traniello, James F.A., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Vail, Karen M., additional, Driesche, R.G. Van, additional, Vaughan, Mace, additional, Vincent, Charles, additional, Virant-Doberlet, Meta, additional, Visscher, P. Kirk, additional, Vittum, Patricia J., additional, Walker, Gregory P., additional, Wallace, J. Bruce, additional, Webb, Graham C., additional, Weintraub, Phyllis, additional, Weirauch, Christiane, additional, Welter, Stephen C., additional, Weseloh, Ronald M., additional, Wheeler, Diana E., additional, Whiting, Michael F., additional, Will, Kipling W., additional, Williams, Stanley C., additional, Winterton, Shaun L., additional, Wood, David L., additional, Wootton, Robin J., additional, Yack, Jayne, additional, Zablotny, James E., additional, Zill, Sasha N., additional, and Zwick, Peter, additional

Published
2009
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50. Evaluations of Insecticides and Fungicides for Reducing Attack Rates of a new invasive ambrosia beetle (Euwallacea Sp., Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Infested Landscape Trees in California

Author

Eatough Jones, Michele, primary, Kabashima, John, additional, Eskalen, Akif, additional, Dimson, Monica, additional, Mayorquin, Joey S., additional, Carrillo, Joseph D., additional, Hanlon, Christopher C., additional, and Paine, Timothy D., additional

Published
2017
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