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The gut microbiome and its link with human health and disease have gained a lot of attention recently. The microbiome executes its functions in the host by carrying out the transformation of dietary components and/or de novo synthesis of various essential nutrients. The presence of complex microbial communities makes it difficult to understand the host-microbiome interplay in the metabolism of dietary components. This review attempts to uncover the incredible role of the gut microbiome in the metabolism of dietary components, diet-microbiome interplay, and restoration of the microbiome. The in silico analysis performed in this study elucidates the functional description of essential/hub genes involved in the amino acid degradation pathway, which are mutually present in the host and its gut microbiome. Hence, the computational model helps comprehend the inter-and intracellular molecular networks between humans and their microbial partners.

Infectious diseases in shrimp are one of the significant constraints in shrimp aquaculture across the globe. The alarming increase of antibiotic resistance in bacteria has rendered antibiotic therapy a controversial subject today. Therefore, the practice of antibiotic therapy in aquaculture needs to be dissuaded and appropriate alternatives have to be found out. For the past few decades, the field of nanotechnology and biotechnology has proposed novel and effective solutions involving the use of nanoparticles, biofilm-based vaccines, algal extracts, phytobiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to combat infectious diseases. Algal extracts, phytobiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are compounds of biological origin due to which they are safe to use in aquaculture settings. With the advent of green and bio-nanotechnology, nanomaterials are also becoming a safer alternative to antibiotic therapy. Vaccines developed from antigenic components of bacterial biofilms are more promising than regular vaccines synthesized from antigens of planktonic forms. Some of these methods have extended applications in shrimp aquaculture in the form of immunomodulants, diagnostic tools, drug and vaccine carriers. The hazards of chemotherapy in shrimp aquaculture can be overcome by replacing antibiotics and other chemical agents with these new approaches. Adopting these strategies makes aquaculture-based food more organic, consumer-friendly and helps in establishing sustainable aquaculture. This review reveals the ill effects of antibiotic therapy in shrimp aquaculture and casts light on the advantages and the research gaps in these strategies that need to be addressed.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) tumor is an uncommon entity described mainly in the lymph nodes. We report two men with intra-abdominal FDC tumors--one arising from the colon and other presenting as a mesenteric mass. Both patients underwent successful surgical excision of the tumor.