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1. Anticounterfeiting and Fraud Mitigation Solutions for High-value Food Products

Author: V. Maritano, P. Barge, A. Biglia, L. Comba, D. Ricauda Aimonino, C. Tortia, and P. Gay
Subjects: Counterfeiting, Drink, Food, Fraud, Traceability, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: Globalization and the increasing complexity of supply chains have allowed food fraud to expand to a great extent. Some of the most serious effects of these deceitful activities are damage to a brand’s reputation and trust, economic losses, and public health risks. The usual victims of food fraud are dairy, meat, fish, and seafood products, as well as fats/oils and alcoholic drinks. The purpose of this review paper is to present an updated analysis of the currently available anticounterfeit technologies and their application to the four most fraud-affected food supply chains. An assessment that was conducted to determine when the adoption of a combination of technologies could enhance food safety and brand protection is also provided. The obtained results indicate that electronic and data-driven technologies (RFID devices and digital traceability systems) are still in their infancy in the food sectors that are subjected the most to fraudulent activities. Research is necessary to develop innovative digital and physical technologies to “outsmart” such fraudsters and to prevent their illicit actions in the food sector.
Published: 2024
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2. The Effectiveness of Protocol Tapes with Preservice Teachers.

Author: Pell, Sarah W. J. and Gay, Lorraine R.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of audiovisual aids in the instruction of junior-level preservice teachers. The tapes used were vignettes of persons demonstrating specific teaching skills in the areas of lesson organization, questioning, using student ideas, praise and corrective feedback, and variety and variation in teaching styles. Ninety-six subjects were assigned to one of four groups. All groups were pretested and posttested with identical measures. For each of the five topics, the treatment groups were: tapes only; tapes plus instruction; instruction only; and control. It was hypothesized that preservice teachers who receive instruction and view protocol tapes will score significantly higher on related posttests than teachers who only receive instruction or who only view tapes. An unexpected consequence of this study was the finding that the control group, which received neither verbal nor visual instruction related to the topics of the tapes, performed just as well on related posttests as groups that did receive such instruction. The results of this study support the contention that no generalizations can be made concerning the effectiveness of media in instruction and that each type of media must be evaluated individually. (JD)
Published: 2024

3. Searches for Neutrinos in the Direction of Radio-bright Blazars with the ANTARES Telescope

Author: A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, Y. Becherini, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, L. Caramete, F. Carenini, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. S. M. Cruz, A. F. Díaz, B. De Martino, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, D. van Eijk, S. El Hedri, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, J. García, C. Gatius Oliver, P. Gay, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, L. Haegel, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, Y. A Kovalev, Y. Y Kovalev, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, A. Lazo, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, S. Le Stum, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, R. Muller, S. Navas, E. Nezri, B. Ó Fearraigh, E. Oukacha, A. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, S. Peña-Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, A. Plavin, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, A. Pushkarev, N. Randazzo, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Romanov, A. Sánchez-Losa, A. Saina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, J. Seneca, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, S. J. Tingay, S. Troitsky, B. Vallage, G. Vannoye, V. Van Elewyck, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, ANTARES Collaboration, T. Hovatta, S. Kiehlmann, I. Liodakis, V. Pavlidou, A. C. S Readhead, and OVRO Collaboration
Subjects: Neutrino astronomy, Blazars, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Active galaxies, especially blazars, are among the most promising extragalactic candidates for high-energy neutrino sources. To date, ANTARES searches included these objects and used GeV–TeV γ -ray flux to select blazars. Here, a statistically complete blazar sample selected by their bright radio emission is used as the target for searches of origins of neutrinos collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope over 13 yr of operation. The hypothesis of a neutrino–blazar directional correlation is tested by pair counting and a complementary likelihood-based approach. The resulting posttrial p -value is 3.0% (2.2 σ in the two-sided convention). Additionally, a time-dependent analysis is performed to search for temporal clustering of neutrino candidates as a means of detecting neutrino flares in blazars. None of the investigated sources alone reaches a significant flare detection level. However, the presence of 18 sources with a pretrial significance above 3 σ indicates a p = 1.4% (2.5 σ in the two-sided convention) detection of a time-variable neutrino flux. An a posteriori investigation reveals an intriguing temporal coincidence of neutrino, radio, and γ -ray flares of the J0242+1101 blazar at a p = 0.5% (2.9 σ in the two-sided convention) level. Altogether, the results presented here suggest a possible connection of neutrino candidates detected by the ANTARES telescope with radio-bright blazars.
Published: 2024
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4. Search for non-standard neutrino interactions with 10 years of ANTARES data

Author: The ANTARES collaboration, A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, M. Chabab, T. N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, G. de Wasseige, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, D. van Eijk, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, Y. Gatelet, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N. R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, R. Le Breton, S. LeStum, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lincetto, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, B. Martino, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, E. Nezri, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, C. Pieterse, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, N. Randazzo, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Romanov, A. Sánchez-Losa, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, J. Seneca, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, T. Thakore, S. J. Tingay, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Non-standard interactions of neutrinos arising in many theories beyond the Standard Model can significantly alter matter effects in atmospheric neutrino propagation through the Earth. In this paper, a search for deviations from the prediction of the standard 3-flavour atmospheric neutrino oscillations using the data taken by the ANTARES neutrino telescope is presented. Ten years of atmospheric neutrino data collected from 2007 to 2016, with reconstructed energies in the range from ∼16 GeV to 100 GeV, have been analysed. A log-likelihood ratio test of the dimensionless coefficients ε μτ and ε ττ − ε μμ does not provide clear evidence of deviations from standard interactions. For normal neutrino mass ordering, the combined fit of both coefficients yields a value 1.7σ away from the null result. However, the 68% and 95% confidence level intervals for ε μτ and ε ττ − ε μμ , respectively, contain the null value. Best fit values, one standard deviation errors and bounds at the 90% confidence level for these coefficients are given for both normal and inverted mass orderings. The constraint on ε μτ is among the most stringent to date and it further restrains the strength of possible non-standard interactions in the μ − τ sector.
Published: 2022
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5. Hint for a TeV neutrino emission from the Galactic Ridge with ANTARES

Author: A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, Y. Becherini, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M.C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, L. Caramete, F. Carenini, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, T.N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J.A.B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A.F. Díaz, B. De Martino, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, D. van Eijk, S. El Hedri, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, M. Fasano, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, J. García, C. Gatius Oliver, P. Gay, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, L. Haegel, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A.J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J.J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C.W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, A. Lazo, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, S. Le Stum, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J.A. Martínez-Mora, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, A. Neronov, E. Nezri, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Păun, G.E. Păvălaş, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, N. Randazzo, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Romanov, A. Sánchez-Losa, A. Saina, F. Salesa Greus, D.F.E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, D. Savchenko, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, J. Seneca, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, S.J. Tingay, B. Vallage, G. Vannoye, V. Van Elewyck, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, J.D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: ANTARES, Neutrino telescope, Galactic Centre, Cosmic ray, Pion-decay model, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Interactions of cosmic ray protons, atomic nuclei, and electrons in the interstellar medium in the inner part of the Milky Way produce a γ-ray flux from the Galactic Ridge. If the γ-ray emission is dominated by proton and nuclei interactions, a neutrino flux comparable to the γ-ray flux is expected from the same sky region.Data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope are used to constrain the neutrino flux from the Galactic Ridge in the 1-100 TeV energy range. Neutrino events reconstructed both as tracks and showers are considered in the analysis and the selection is optimized for the search of an excess in the region |l|
Published: 2023
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6. Customized Care: Addressing the Unique Mental Health Needs of Online Students

Author: Online Learning Consortium (OLC), Kristen Gay, and Dylan Barth
Abstract: The mental health landscape in higher education has reached a critical juncture, with an increasing number of students experiencing severe psychological issues. Recent studies have found that over 60% of college students meet the criteria for at least one mental health problem, with significant portions reporting symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation (Flannery, 2023; Alonso, 2023). Encouragingly, more students are seeking mental health counseling, yet a substantial gap remains, with over 60% not receiving the care they need (Alonso, 2023; Sutton, 2023). The COVID-19 pandemic has further complicated these trends, significantly impacting student enrollment patterns and increasing the need for quality online education and telemental health services. The study aims to address the mental health crisis by focusing specifically on the needs of online students and support strategies that can more effectively support this population. Through a comprehensive, global survey of 338 respondents from diverse roles in higher education, the researchers sought to understand the changing demand and utilization of mental health services among online students, the steps institutions are taking to customize these services, the unique mental health needs online students face, and the barriers preventing them from seeking help. This research reveals that online student demand and utilization of mental health services have significantly increased over the past year, with key challenges including isolation, diverse schedules, and less visible mental health issues. Also, educators identify barriers like lack of awareness, limited service availability, and time constraints in seeking support as especially significant for online students. [This study was collaborated with Uwill.]
Published: 2024

7. Empowering Change Together: Student Perspectives on Quality Online, Digital, and Blended Learning

Author: Online Learning Consortium (OLC), Nicole L. Weber, and Kristen Gay
Abstract: As the higher education landscape undergoes rapid transformation, educators continue to seek best practices for creating quality digital, blended, and online learning experiences. However, disparate definitions of quality and differing instructor and student preferences complicate this work. This report addresses the pressing need to bridge the gap between student and faculty expectations, highlighting the critical role of student voices in defining quality education. In seeking to better understand what quality digital learning looks like from a student perspective and how students think quality digital learning can best center diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) principles, data was analyzed from four student panels at recent Online Learning Consortium conferences and a framework was developed based on insights students shared. During these panels, students called for digital learning educators, practitioners, and leaders to: (1) get beyond face-to-face replication; (2) take collaborative action on DEI; (3) keep humans and connection at the center of learning; (4) incorporate intentional and deep design; (5) structure learning experiences for success; (6) support professional development opportunities for their instructors; and (7) nurture a culture of belonging. Readers of the report will access actionable strategies tailored for leaders, instructors, and support staff which can be used to leverage digital, blended, and online learning as a part of their institution's strategy.
Published: 2024

8. CLPNets: Coupled Lie-Poisson Neural Networks for Multi-Part Hamiltonian Systems with Symmetries

Author: Eldred, Christopher, Gay-Balmaz, François, and Putkaradze, Vakhtang
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: To accurately compute data-based prediction of Hamiltonian systems, especially the long-term evolution of such systems, it is essential to utilize methods that preserve the structure of the equations over time. We consider a case that is particularly challenging for data-based methods: systems with interacting parts that do not reduce to pure momentum evolution. Such systems are essential in scientific computations. For example, any discretization of a continuum elastic rod can be viewed as interacting elements that can move and rotate in space, with each discrete element moving on the group of rotations and translations $SE(3)$. We develop a novel method of data-based computation and complete phase space learning of such systems. We follow the original framework of \emph{SympNets} (Jin et al, 2020) building the neural network from canonical phase space mappings, and transformations that preserve the Lie-Poisson structure (\emph{LPNets}) as in (Eldred et al, 2024). We derive a novel system of mappings that are built into neural networks for coupled systems. We call such networks Coupled Lie-Poisson Neural Networks, or \emph{CLPNets}. We consider increasingly complex examples for the applications of CLPNets: rotation of two rigid bodies about a common axis, the free rotation of two rigid bodies, and finally the evolution of two connected and interacting $SE(3)$ components. Our method preserves all Casimir invariants of each system to machine precision, irrespective of the quality of the training data, and preserves energy to high accuracy. Our method also shows good resistance to the curse of dimensionality, requiring only a few thousand data points for all cases studied, with the effective dimension varying from three to eighteen. Additionally, the method is highly economical in memory requirements, requiring only about 200 parameters for the most complex case considered., Comment: 52 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

9. Real-time modelling of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in England 2020-2023: a challenging data integration

Author: Birrell, Paul J, Blake, Joshua, Kandiah, Joel, Alexopoulos, Angelos, van Leeuwen, Edwin, Pouwels, Koen, Ghosh, Sanmitra, Starr, Colin, Walker, Ann Sarah, House, Thomas A, Gay, Nigel, Finnie, Thomas, Gent, Nick, Charlett, André, and De Angelis, Daniela
Subjects: Statistics - Applications
Abstract: A central pillar of the UK's response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was the provision of up-to-the moment nowcasts and short term projections to monitor current trends in transmission and associated healthcare burden. Here we present a detailed deconstruction of one of the 'real-time' models that was key contributor to this response, focussing on the model adaptations required over three pandemic years characterised by the imposition of lockdowns, mass vaccination campaigns and the emergence of new pandemic strains. The Bayesian model integrates an array of surveillance and other data sources including a novel approach to incorporating prevalence estimates from an unprecedented large-scale household survey. We present a full range of estimates of the epidemic history and the changing severity of the infection, quantify the impact of the vaccination programme and deconstruct contributing factors to the reproduction number. We further investigate the sensitivity of model-derived insights to the availability and timeliness of prevalence data, identifying its importance to the production of robust estimates., Comment: 35 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2024

10. On Watanabe's theta graph diffeomorphism in the 4-sphere

Author: Gay, David T.
Subjects: Mathematics - Geometric Topology, 57K40 (Primary) 57R50, 57R52, 57R65 (Secondary)
Abstract: Watanabe's theta graph diffeomorphism, constructed using Watanabe's clasper surgery construction which turns trivalent graphs in 4-manifolds into parameterized families of diffeomorphisms of 4-manifolds, is a diffeomorphism of $S^4$ representing a potentially nontrivial smooth mapping class of $S^4$. The "(1,2)-subgroup" of the smooth mapping class group of $S^4$ is the subgroup represented by diffeomorphisms which are pseudoisotopic to the identity via a Cerf family with only index 1 and 2 critical points. This author and Hartman showed that this subgroup is either trivial or has order 2 and explicitly identified a diffeomorphism that would represent the nontrivial element if this subgroup is nontrivial. Here we show that the theta graph diffeomorphism is isotopic to this one possibly nontrivial element of the (1,2)-subgroup. To prove this relation we develop a diagrammatic calculus for working in the smooth mapping class group of $S^4$., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2024

11. Coca4ai: checking energy behaviors on AI data centers

Author: Gay, Paul, Bilinski, Éric, and Ligozat, Anne-Laure
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: Monitoring energy behaviors in AI data centers is crucial, both to reduce their energy consumption and to raise awareness among their users which are key actors in the AI field. This paper shows a proof of concept of easy and lightweight monitoring of energy behaviors at the scale of a whole data center, a user or a job submission. Our system uses software wattmeters and we validate our setup with per node accurate external wattmeters. Results show that there is an interesting potential from the efficiency point of view, providing arguments to create user engagement thanks to energy monitoring., Comment: accepted at ICT4S 2024
Published: 2024

12. Search for Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Coincidences Using HAWC and ANTARES Data

Author: H. A. Ayala Solares, S. Coutu, D. Cowen, D. B. Fox, T. Grégoire, F. McBride, M. Mostafá, K. Murase, S. Wissel, AMON Team, A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, M. Chabab, T. N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, G. de Wasseige, B. De Martino, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, T. van Eeden, D. van Eijk, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, J. García, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, R. Le Breton, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, S. Le Stum, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, E. Nezri, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, C. Pieterse, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, N. Randazzo, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Romanov, A. Sánchez-Losa, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, J. Seneca, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, S. J. Tingay, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, ANTARES Collaboration, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, O. Chaparro-Amaro, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, C. de León, R. Diaz Hernandez, M. A. DuVernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, M. Fernández Alonso, N. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, A. Lara, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, I. Martinez-Castellanos, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, E. Varela, X. Wang, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, A. Zepeda, H. Zhou, and HAWC Collaboration
Subjects: High energy astrophysics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: In the quest for high-energy neutrino sources, the Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network has implemented a new search by combining data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory and the Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch (ANTARES) neutrino telescope. Using the same analysis strategy as in a previous detector combination of HAWC and IceCube data, we perform a search for coincidences in HAWC and ANTARES events that are below the threshold for sending public alerts in each individual detector. Data were collected between 2015 July and 2020 February with a live time of 4.39 yr. Over this time period, three coincident events with an estimated false-alarm rate of
Published: 2023
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13. Biological use influences the impact of inflammation on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis.

Author: Karpouzas, George, Ormseth, Sarah, van Riel, Piet, Gonzalez-Gay, Miguel, Corrales, Alfonso, Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt, Sfikakis, Petros, Dessein, Patrick, Tsang, Linda, Hitchon, Carol, El-Gabalawy, Hani, Pascual-Ramos, Virginia, Contreras-Yáñez, Irazú, Colunga-Pedraza, Iris, Galarza-Delgado, Dionicio, Azpiri-Lopez, Jose, Semb, Anne, Misra, Durga, Hauge, Ellen-Margrethe, and Kitas, George
Subjects: Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Biological Therapy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Inflammation, Humans, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Antirheumatic Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Inflammation, Aged, Biomarkers, C-Reactive Protein, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA. METHODS: We studied 4370 participants without cardiovascular disease in a 10-country observational cohort of patients with RA. Endpoints were (1) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death; and (2) any ischaemic cardiovascular events (iCVE) including MACE plus revascularisation, angina, transient ischaemic attack and peripheral arterial disease. RESULTS: Over 26 534 patient-years, 239 MACE and 362 iCVE occurred. The interaction between 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and bDMARD use was significant for MACE (p=0.017), suggesting the effect of DAS28-CRP on MACE risk differed among bDMARD users (n=515) and non-users (n=3855). DAS28-CRP (per unit increase) is associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.37)) but not users (HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.20)). The interaction between CRP (per log unit increase) and bDMARD use was also significant for MACE (p=0.011). CRP associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.30)), but not users (HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.17)). No interaction was observed between bDMARD use and DAS28-CRP (p=0.167) or CRP (p=0.237) for iCVE risk. CONCLUSIONS: RA activity and inflammatory markers associated with risk of MACE in bDMARD non-users but not users suggesting the possibility of biological-specific benefits locally on arterial wall independently of effects on systemic inflammation.
Published: 2024

14. Constraints on the energy spectrum of the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux from the ANTARES neutrino telescope

Author: ANTARES Collaboration, Albert, A., Alves, S., André, M., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Becherini, Y., Belhorma, B., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carenini, F., Carr, J., Carretero, V., Cartraud, T., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El, Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., De Martino, B., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Eddymaoui, A., van Eeden, T., van Eijk, D., Hedri, S. El, Khayati, N. El, Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L. A., Gagliardini, S., García, J., Oliver, C. Gatius, Gay, P., Geißelbrecht, N., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Guidi, C., Haegel, L., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Huang, F., Illuminati, G., Jisse-Jung, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamoureux, M., Lazo, A., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Stum, S. Le, Loucatos, S., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Fearraigh, B. Ó, Oukacha, E., Păun, A., Păvălaş, G. E., Peña-Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Riccobene, G., Romanov, A., Losa, A. Sánchez, Saina, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Seneca, J., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Vallage, B., Vannoye, G., Van Elewyck, V., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., and Zúñiga, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: High-significance evidences of the existence of a high-energy diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos have emerged in the last decade from several observations by the IceCube Collaboration. The ANTARES neutrino telescope took data for 15 years in the Mediterranean Sea, from 2007 to 2022, and collected a high-purity all-flavour neutrino sample. The search for a diffuse cosmic neutrino signal using this dataset is presented in this article. This final analysis did not provide a statistically significant observation of the cosmic diffuse flux. However, this is converted into limits on the properties of the cosmic neutrino spectrum. In particular, given the sensitivity of the ANTARES neutrino telescope between 1 and 50 TeV, constraints on single-power-law hypotheses are derived for the cosmic diffuse flux below 20 TeV, especially for power-law fits of the IceCube data with spectral index softer than 2.8.
Published: 2024
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15. cPAPERS: A Dataset of Situated and Multimodal Interactive Conversations in Scientific Papers

Author: Sundar, Anirudh, Xu, Jin, Gay, William, Richardson, Christopher, and Heck, Larry
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: An emerging area of research in situated and multimodal interactive conversations (SIMMC) includes interactions in scientific papers. Since scientific papers are primarily composed of text, equations, figures, and tables, SIMMC methods must be developed specifically for each component to support the depth of inquiry and interactions required by research scientists. This work introduces Conversational Papers (cPAPERS), a dataset of conversational question-answer pairs from reviews of academic papers grounded in these paper components and their associated references from scientific documents available on arXiv. We present a data collection strategy to collect these question-answer pairs from OpenReview and associate them with contextual information from LaTeX source files. Additionally, we present a series of baseline approaches utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) in both zero-shot and fine-tuned configurations to address the cPAPERS dataset., Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure
Published: 2024

16. A Discrete Exterior Calculus of Bundle-valued Forms

Author: Braune, Theo, Tong, Yiying, Gay-Balmaz, François, and Desbrun, Mathieu
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 53A70
Abstract: The discretization of Cartan's exterior calculus of differential forms has been fruitful in a variety of theoretical and practical endeavors: from computational electromagnetics to the development of Finite-Element Exterior Calculus, the development of structure-preserving numerical tools satisfying exact discrete equivalents to Stokes' theorem or the de Rham complex for the exterior derivative have found numerous applications in computational physics. However, there has been a dearth of effort in establishing a more general discrete calculus, this time for differential forms with values in vector bundles over a combinatorial manifold equipped with a connection. In this work, we propose a discretization of the exterior covariant derivative of bundle-valued differential forms. We demonstrate that our discrete operator mimics its continuous counterpart, satisfies the Bianchi identities on simplicial cells, and contrary to previous attempts at its discretization, ensures numerical convergence to its exact evaluation with mesh refinement under mild assumptions., Comment: 58 pages, 20 figures, Fix erroneous line break
Published: 2024

17. Is the EJRA proportionate and therefore justified? A critical review of the EJRA policy at Cambridge

Author: Linton, Oliver, Rau, Raghavendra, Baert, Patrick, Bossaerts, Peter, Crowcroft, Jon, Evans, G. R., Ewart, Paul, Gay, Nick, Kattuman, Paul, Scholtes, Stefan, Sabourian, Hamid, and Smith, Richard J.
Subjects: Economics - General Economics
Abstract: This paper critically evaluates the HESA (Higher Education Statistics Agency) Data Report for the Employer Justified Retirement Age (EJRA) Review Group at the University of Cambridge (\cite{CambridgeHESA2024}), identifying significant methodological flaws and misinterpretations. Our analysis reveals issues such as unclear application of data filters, inconsistent variable treatment, and erroneous statistical conclusions. The Report suggests that the EJRA increased job creation rates at Cambridge, but we show Cambridge consistently had lower job creation rates for Established Academic Careers compared to other Russell Group universities, both before and after EJRA implementation in 2011, with no evidence for a significant change in this deficit post implementation. This suggests that EJRA is not a significant factor driving job creation rates. Since other universities without an EJRA exhibit higher job creation rates, this suggests job creation can be sustained without such a policy. We conclude that the EJRA did not achieve its intended goal of increasing opportunities for young academics and may have exacerbated existing disparities compared to other leading universities. We recommend EJRA be abolished at Cambridge since it does not meet its aims and could be viewed as unlawful age discrimination.\newline \it{This version is a revision reflecting some of the comments made by members of the university EJRA review group in public discussion, see \cite{Holmes24}.}, Comment: This is a revision of our earlier paper
Published: 2024

18. The restricted Siegel disc as coadjoint orbit

Author: Gay-Balmaz, François, Ratiu, Tudor S., and Tumpach, Alice B.
Subjects: Mathematics - Symplectic Geometry, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 53D17, 70H06, 35F21, 47B99
Abstract: The restricted Siegel disc is a homogeneous space related to the connected component $T_0(1)$ of the Universal Teichm\"uller space via the period mapping. In this paper we show that it is a coadjoint orbit of the universal central extension of the restricted symplectic group or, equivalently, an affine coadjoint orbit of the restricted symplectic group with cocycle given by the Schwinger term., Comment: 16 pages
Published: 2024

19. Acoustic Positioning for Deep Sea Neutrino Telescopes with a System of Piezo Sensors Integrated into Glass Spheres

Author: Albert, A., Alves, S., André, M., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Becherini, Y., Belhorma, B., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carenini, F., Carr, J., Carretero, V., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El, Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., De Martino, B., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Eddymaoui, A., van Eeden, T., van Eijk, D., Hedri, S. El, Khayati, N. El, Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gagliardini, S., García, J., Oliver, C. Gatius, Gay, P., Geißelbrecht, N., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Guidi, C., Haegel, L., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Huang, F., Illuminati, G., Jisse-Jung, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamoureux, M., Lazo, A., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Stum, S. Le, Loucatos, S., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Fearraigh, B. Ó, Oukacha, E., Păun, A., Păvălaş, G. E., Peña-Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Riccobene, G., Romanov, A., Sánchez-Losa, A., Saina, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schüssler, F., Seneca, J., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Vallage, B., Vannoye, G., Van Elewyck, V., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., and Zúñiga, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Position calibration in the deep sea is typically done by means of acoustic multilateration using three or more acoustic emitters installed at known positions. Rather than using hydrophones as receivers that are exposed to the ambient pressure, the sound signals can be coupled to piezo ceramics glued to the inside of existing containers for electronics or measuring instruments of a deep sea infrastructure. The ANTARES neutrino telescope operated from 2006 until 2022 in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth exceeding 2000m. It comprised nearly 900 glass spheres with 432mm diameter and 15mm thickness, equipped with photomultiplier tubes to detect Cherenkov light from tracks of charged elementary particles. In an experimental setup within ANTARES, piezo sensors have been glued to the inside of such - otherwise empty - glass spheres. These sensors recorded signals from acoustic emitters with frequencies from 46545 to 60235Hz. Two waves propagating through the glass sphere are found as a result of the excitation by the waves in the water. These can be qualitatively associated with symmetric and asymmetric Lamb-like waves of zeroth order: a fast (early) one with $v_e \approx 5$mm/$\mu$s and a slow (late) one with $v_\ell \approx 2$mm/$\mu$s. Taking these findings into account improves the accuracy of the position calibration. The results can be transferred to the KM3NeT neutrino telescope, currently under construction at multiple sites in the Mediterranean Sea, for which the concept of piezo sensors glued to the inside of glass spheres has been adapted for monitoring the positions of the photomultiplier tubes., Comment: submitted to "Experimental Astronomy"
Published: 2024

20. iTBLS: A Dataset of Interactive Conversations Over Tabular Information

Author: Sundar, Anirudh, Richardson, Christopher, Gay, William, and Heck, Larry
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: This paper introduces Interactive Tables (iTBLS), a dataset of interactive conversations situated in tables from scientific articles. This dataset is designed to facilitate human-AI collaborative problem-solving through AI-powered multi-task tabular capabilities. In contrast to prior work that models interactions as factoid QA or procedure synthesis, iTBLS broadens the scope of interactions to include mathematical reasoning, natural language manipulation, and expansion of existing tables from natural language conversation by delineating interactions into one of three tasks: interpretation, modification, or generation. Additionally, the paper presents a suite of baseline approaches to iTBLS, utilizing zero-shot prompting and parameter-efficient fine-tuning for different computing situations. We also introduce a novel multi-step approach and show how it can be leveraged in conjunction with parameter-efficient fine-tuning to achieve the state-of-the-art on iTBLS; outperforming standard parameter-efficient fine-tuning by up to 15% on interpretation, 18% on modification, and 38% on generation., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

21. First-order quantum breakdown of superconductivity in amorphous superconductors

Author: Charpentier, Thibault, Perconte, David, Léger, Sébastien, Amin, Kazi Rafsanjani, Blondelle, Florent, Gay, Frédéric, Buisson, Olivier, Ioffe, Lev, Khvalyuk, Anton, Poboiko, Igor, Feigel'man, Mikhail, Roch, Nicolas, and Sacépé, Benjamin
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract: Continuous quantum phase transitions are widely assumed and frequently observed in various systems of quantum particles or spins. Their characteristic trait involves scaling laws governing a second-order, gradual suppression of the order parameter as the quantum critical point is approached. The localization of Cooper pairs in disordered superconductors and the resulting breakdown of superconductivity have long stood as a prototypical example. Here, we show a departure from this paradigm, showcasing that amorphous superconducting films of indium oxide undergo a distinctive, discontinuous first-order quantum phase transition tuned by disorder. Through systematic measurements of the plasmon spectrum in superconducting microwave resonators, we provide evidence for a marked jump of both the zero-temperature superfluid stiffness and the transition temperature at the critical disorder. This discontinuous transition sheds light on the previously overlooked role of repulsive interactions between Cooper pairs and the subsequent competition between superconductivity and insulating Cooper-pair glass. Furthermore, our investigation shows that the critical temperature of the films no longer relates to the pairing amplitude but aligns with the superfluid stiffness, consistent with the pseudogap regime of preformed Cooper pairs. Our findings raise fundamental new questions into the role of disorder in quantum phase transitions and carry implications for superinductances in quantum circuits., Comment: Updated text
Published: 2024

22. Search for neutrino counterparts of gravitational-wave events detected by LIGO and Virgo during run O2 with the ANTARES telescope

Author: A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, T. N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer Molla, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, G. de Wasseige, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N. R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, R. Le Breton, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lincetto, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, G. Maggi, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, M. Moser, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, E. Nezri, C. Nielsen, A. Nuñez-Castiñeyra, B. O’Fearraigh, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, N. Randazzo, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, B. Strandberg, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, T. Thakore, S. J. Tingay, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, A. Zegarelli, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract An offline search for a neutrino counterpart to gravitational-wave (GW) events detected during the second observation run (O2) of Advanced-LIGO and Advanced-Virgo performed with ANTARES data is presented. In addition to the search for long tracks induced by $$\nu _\mu $$ νμ ($${\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }$$ ν¯μ ) charged current interactions, a search for showering events induced by interactions of neutrinos of any flavour is conducted. The severe spatial and time coincidence provided by the gravitational-wave alert allows regions above the detector horizon to be probed, extending the ANTARES sensitivity over the entire sky. The results of this all-neutrino-flavour and all-sky time dependent analysis are presented. The search for prompt neutrino emission within ±500 s around the time of six GW events yields no neutrino counterparts. Upper limits on the neutrino spectral fluence and constraints on the isotropic energy radiated via high-energy neutrinos (from a few TeV to a few tens of PeV) are set for each GW event analysed.
Published: 2020
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23. Measurement of the atmospheric νe and νμ energy spectra with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

Author: A. Albert, S. Alves, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, M. Bendahman, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M.C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, V. Carretero, S. Celli, M. Chabab, T.N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer-Molla, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A.F. Díaz, G. de Wasseige, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, N. El Khayati, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, R. García, Y. Gatelet, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, K. Graf, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A.J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J.J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, F. Huang, G. Illuminati, C.W. James, B. Jisse-Jung, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N.R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, R. Le Breton, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lincetto, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, L. Maderer, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J.A. Martínez-Mora, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, M. Moser, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, E. Nezri, A. Nuñez-Castiñeyra, B. O'Fearraigh, M. Organokov, G.E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, P. Piattelli, C. Pieterse, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, N. Randazzo, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, F. Salesa Greus, D.F.E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez-Losa, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, T. Thakore, S.J. Tingay, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, A. Zegarelli, J.D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Neutrino telescope, Atmospheric neutrinos, ANTARES, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: This letter presents a combined measurement of the energy spectra of atmospheric νe and νμ in the energy range between ∼100 GeV and ∼50 TeV with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The analysis uses 3012 days of detector livetime in the period 2007–2017, and selects 1016 neutrinos interacting in (or close to) the instrumented volume of the detector, yielding shower-like events (mainly from νe+ν‾e charged current plus all neutrino neutral current interactions) and starting track events (mainly from νμ+ν‾μ charged current interactions). The contamination by atmospheric muons in the final sample is suppressed at the level of a few per mill by different steps in the selection analysis, including a Boosted Decision Tree classifier. The distribution of reconstructed events is unfolded in terms of electron and muon neutrino fluxes. The derived energy spectra are compared with previous measurements that, above 100 GeV, are limited to experiments in polar ice and, for νμ, to Super-Kamiokande.
Published: 2021
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24. The Important Role Social Capital Plays in Navigating the Computing Education Ecosystem for Black Girls

Author: Camille Ferguson, Vanora Thomas, Juan Del Toro, Daniel Light, Kamau Bobb, Peta-Gay Clarke, Shameeka Emanuel, Ed Gronke, Mary Jo Madda, and Imani Jennings
Abstract: Black women represent the greatest underrepresentation in STEM fields, particularly the technology sector. According to a 2015 article in "The Verge," Black women make up between 0% and 7% of the staff at the eight largest technology firms in the United States. This points to a glaring problem in terms of equity and inclusivity in the technology sector. Similar to their underrepresentation in the STEM sector, Black women's underrepresentation in the tech sector is related to pervasive and persistent prejudice and biased policies that endure in the United States, which have limited--and continue to limit--their access to quality education and spaces where Black women's cultural capital (i.e., ways of being) is acknowledged and appreciated. For most people, including Black women, social networks often make available opportunities and pathways toward realizing the roles they can play in the world or a particular industry. These webs of relationships and the embedded quality in them can be defined as an individual's social capital and be applied to any industry, including STEM and technology fields. In a practical sense, social capital allows an individual to leverage relationships for resources (e.g., information about internships and jobs or encouragement to persist through a difficult college course). In turn, these resources can contribute to economic opportunities (i.e., jobs) or social opportunities, such as relationships with gatekeepers who work in STEM fields that may lead to opportunities like jobs, projects, or financial backing. Research suggests that the social networks of Black young women rarely overlap with the networks of predominantly White and Asian males, who are overrepresented in the technology field. This weakens Black women's awareness of opportunities and training, and undermines their motivation to persist in the STEM sector. As a result of this increasing understanding of the role of social capital in career development, K-12 and higher education programs that are focused on equity in STEM fields have increasingly turned to the concept of social capital to address the traditional underrepresentation of certain groups, particularly Blacks, Latinos, and women in STEM fields. The following research investigates the experiences of Black girls who attended a program, Google's Code Next, designed to engage Black and Latinx youth in computer science. We argue that it is crucial for computer science programs not just to teach hard coding skills but also to build on young Black women's social capital to accommodate the young women in creating and expanding their tech social capital, enabling them to successfully navigate STEM and technology education and career pathways. Specifically, this article explores a subprogram of Code Next and how it has contributed to young Black women's persistence in STEM, and particularly in technology. The findings suggest that the young women employed an expanded sense of social capital in addition to an expanded cultural capital (i.e., language, skills, ways of being) and worldview (i.e., sense of belonging and self-efficacy) to make sense of their possible selves in the world of technology.
Published: 2024
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25. Opening the 'Gait' to Unit Rate

Author: A. Susan Gay, Jeanine Haistings, Jason L. Rucker, Lindsay Garcia, and Megan Koenigsman
Abstract: The lesson described in this article was developed and taught by a team of mathematics educators and physical therapists, with the shared goal of broadening students' perception of how mathematics concepts are applied in the real world. This lesson gives students authentic experience with the Gait Speed Test as a physical therapist would administer it. In the lesson, sixth- graders generate walking speed data using a fixed distance and measuring time in seconds, convert that to an appropriate unit rate, and interpret that unit rate in the context of health and physical function.
Published: 2024
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26. FCC Physics Opportunities

Author: A. Abada, M. Abbrescia, S. S. AbdusSalam, I. Abdyukhanov, J. Abelleira Fernandez, A. Abramov, M. Aburaia, A. O. Acar, P. R. Adzic, P. Agrawal, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. J. Aguilera-Verdugo, M. Aiba, I. Aichinger, G. Aielli, A. Akay, A. Akhundov, H. Aksakal, J. L. Albacete, S. Albergo, A. Alekou, M. Aleksa, R. Aleksan, R. M. Alemany Fernandez, Y. Alexahin, R. G. Alía, S. Alioli, N. Alipour Tehrani, B. C. Allanach, P. P. Allport, M. Altınlı, W. Altmannshofer, G. Ambrosio, D. Amorim, O. Amstutz, L. Anderlini, A. Andreazza, M. Andreini, A. Andriatis, C. Andris, A. Andronic, M. Angelucci, F. Antinori, S. A. Antipov, M. Antonelli, M. Antonello, P. Antonioli, S. Antusch, F. Anulli, L. Apolinário, G. Apollinari, A. Apollonio, D. Appelö, R. B. Appleby, Ara. Apyan, Arm. Apyan, A. Arbey, A. Arbuzov, G. Arduini, V. Arı, S. Arias, N. Armesto, R. Arnaldi, S. A. Arsenyev, M. Arzeo, S. Asai, E. Aslanides, R. W. Aßmann, D. Astapovych, M. Atanasov, S. Atieh, D. Attié, B. Auchmann, A. Audurier, S. Aull, S. Aumon, S. Aune, F. Avino, G. Avrillaud, G. Aydın, A. Azatov, G. Azuelos, P. Azzi, O. Azzolini, P. Azzurri, N. Bacchetta, E. Bacchiocchi, H. Bachacou, Y. W. Baek, V. Baglin, Y. Bai, S. Baird, M. J. Baker, M. J. Baldwin, A. H. Ball, A. Ballarino, S. Banerjee, D. P. Barber, D. Barducci, P. Barjhoux, D. Barna, G. G. Barnaföldi, M. J. Barnes, A. Barr, J. Barranco García, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, W. Bartmann, V. Baryshevsky, E. Barzi, S. A. Bass, A. Bastianin, B. Baudouy, F. Bauer, M. Bauer, T. Baumgartner, I. Bautista-Guzmán, C. Bayındır, F. Beaudette, F. Bedeschi, M. Béguin, I. Bellafont, L. Bellagamba, N. Bellegarde, E. Belli, E. Bellingeri, F. Bellini, G. Bellomo, S. Belomestnykh, G. Bencivenni, M. Benedikt, G. Bernardi, J. Bernardi, C. Bernet, J. M. Bernhardt, C. Bernini, C. Berriaud, A. Bertarelli, S. Bertolucci, M. I. Besana, M. Besançon, O. Beznosov, P. Bhat, C. Bhat, M. E. Biagini, J.-L. Biarrotte, A. Bibet Chevalier, E. R. Bielert, M. Biglietti, G. M. Bilei, B. Bilki, C. Biscari, F. Bishara, O. R. Blanco-García, F. R. Blánquez, F. Blekman, A. Blondel, J. Blümlein, T. Boccali, R. Boels, S. A. Bogacz, A. Bogomyagkov, O. Boine-Frankenheim, M. J. Boland, S. Bologna, O. Bolukbasi, M. Bomben, S. Bondarenko, M. Bonvini, E. Boos, B. Bordini, F. Bordry, G. Borghello, L. Borgonovi, S. Borowka, D. Bortoletto, D. Boscherini, M. Boscolo, S. Boselli, R. R. Bosley, F. Bossu, C. Botta, L. Bottura, R. Boughezal, D. Boutin, G. Bovone, I. Božović Jelisavc̆ić, A. Bozbey, C. Bozzi, D. Bozzini, V. Braccini, S. Braibant-Giacomelli, J. Bramante, P. Braun-Munzinger, J. A. Briffa, D. Britzger, S. J. Brodsky, J. J. Brooke, R. Bruce, P. Brückman De Renstrom, E. Bruna, O. Brüning, O. Brunner, K. Brunner, P. Bruzzone, X. Buffat, E. Bulyak, F. Burkart, H. Burkhardt, J.-P. Burnet, F. Butin, D. Buttazzo, A. Butterworth, M. Caccia, Y. Cai, B. Caiffi, V. Cairo, O. Cakir, R. Calaga, S. Calatroni, G. Calderini, G. Calderola, A. Caliskan, D. Calvet, M. Calviani, J. M. Camalich, P. Camarri, M. Campanelli, T. Camporesi, A. C. Canbay, A. Canepa, E. Cantergiani, D. Cantore-Cavalli, M. Capeans, R. Cardarelli, U. Cardella, A. Cardini, C. M. Carloni Calame, F. Carra, S. Carra, A. Carvalho, S. Casalbuoni, J. Casas, M. Cascella, P. Castelnovo, G. Castorina, G. Catalano, V. Cavasinni, E. Cazzato, E. Cennini, A. Cerri, F. Cerutti, J. Cervantes, I. Chaikovska, J. Chakrabortty, M. Chala, M. Chamizo-Llatas, H. Chanal, D. Chanal, S. Chance, A. Chancé, P. Charitos, J. Charles, T. K. Charles, S. Chattopadhyay, R. Chehab, S. V. Chekanov, N. Chen, A. Chernoded, V. Chetvertkova, L. Chevalier, G. Chiarelli, G. Chiarello, M. Chiesa, P. Chiggiato, J. T. Childers, A. Chmielińska, A. Cholakian, P. Chomaz, M. Chorowski, W. Chou, M. Chrzaszcz, E. Chyhyrynets, G. Cibinetto, A. K. Ciftci, R. Ciftci, R. Cimino, M. Ciuchini, P. J. Clark, Y. Coadou, M. Cobal, A. Coccaro, J. Cogan, E. Cogneras, F. Collamati, C. Colldelram, P. Collier, J. Collot, R. Contino, F. Conventi, C. T. A. Cook, L. Cooley, G. Corcella, A. S. Cornell, G. H. Corral, H. Correia-Rodrigues, F. Costanza, P. Costa Pinto, F. Couderc, J. Coupard, N. Craig, I. Crespo Garrido, A. Crivellin, J. F. Croteau, M. Crouch, E. Cruz Alaniz, B. Curé, J. Curti, D. Curtin, M. Czech, C. Dachauer, R. T. D’Agnolo, M. Daibo, A. Dainese, B. Dalena, A. Daljevec, W. Dallapiazza, L. D’Aloia Schwartzentruber, M. Dam, G. D’Ambrosio, S. P. Das, S. DasBakshi, W. da Silva, G. G. da Silveira, V. D’Auria, S. D’Auria, A. David, T. Davidek, A. Deandrea, J. de Blas, C. J. Debono, S. De Curtis, N. De Filippis, D. de Florian, S. Deghaye, S. J. de Jong, C. Del Bo, V. Del Duca, D. Delikaris, F. Deliot, A. Dell’Acqua, L. Delle Rose, M. Delmastro, E. De Lucia, M. Demarteau, D. Denegri, L. Deniau, D. Denisov, H. Denizli, A. Denner, D. d’Enterria, G. de Rijk, A. De Roeck, F. Derue, O. Deschamps, S. Descotes-Genon, P. S. B. Dev, J. B. de Vivie de Régie, R. K. Dewanjee, A. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Cicco, B. M. Dillon, B. Di Micco, P. Di Nezza, S. Di Vita, A. Doblhammer, A. Dominjon, M. D’Onofrio, F. Dordei, A. Drago, P. Draper, Z. Drasal, M. Drewes, L. Duarte, I. Dubovyk, P. Duda, A. Dudarev, L. Dudko, D. Duellmann, M. Dünser, T. du Pree, M. Durante, H. Duran Yildiz, S. Dutta, F. Duval, J. M. Duval, Ya. Dydyshka, B. Dziewit, S. Eisenhardt, M. Eisterer, T. Ekelof, D. El Khechen, S. A. Ellis, J. Ellis, J. A. Ellison, K. Elsener, M. Elsing, Y. Enari, C. Englert, H. Eriksson, K. J. Eskola, L. S. Esposito, O. Etisken, E. Etzion, P. Fabbricatore, A. Falkowski, A. Falou, J. Faltova, J. Fan, L. Fanò, A. Farilla, R. Farinelli, S. Farinon, D. A. Faroughy, S. D. Fartoukh, A. Faus-Golfe, W. J. Fawcett, G. Felici, L. Felsberger, C. Ferdeghini, A. M. Fernandez Navarro, A. Fernández-Téllez, J. Ferradas Troitino, G. Ferrara, R. Ferrari, L. Ferreira, P. Ferreira da Silva, G. Ferrera, F. Ferro, M. Fiascaris, S. Fiorendi, C. Fiorio, O. Fischer, E. Fischer, W. Flieger, M. Florio, D. Fonnesu, E. Fontanesi, N. Foppiani, K. Foraz, D. Forkel-Wirth, S. Forte, M. Fouaidy, D. Fournier, T. Fowler, J. Fox, P. Francavilla, R. Franceschini, S. Franchino, E. Franco, A. Freitas, B. Fuks, K. Furukawa, S. V. Furuseth, E. Gabrielli, A. Gaddi, M. Galanti, E. Gallo, S. Ganjour, Jia. Gao, Jie. Gao, V. Garcia Diaz, M. García Pérez, L. García Tabarés, C. Garion, M. V. Garzelli, I. Garzia, S. M. Gascon-Shotkin, G. Gaudio, P. Gay, S.-F. Ge, T. Gehrmann, M. H. Genest, R. Gerard, F. Gerigk, H. Gerwig, P. Giacomelli, S. Giagu, E. Gianfelice-Wendt, F. Gianotti, F. Giffoni, S. S. Gilardoni, M. Gil Costa, M. Giovannetti, M. Giovannozzi, P. Giubellino, G. F. Giudice, A. Giunta, L. K. Gladilin, S. Glukhov, J. Gluza, G. Gobbi, B. Goddard, F. Goertz, T. Golling, D. Gonçalves, V. P. Goncalves, R. Gonçalo, L. A. Gonzalez Gomez, S. Gorgi Zadeh, G. Gorine, E. Gorini, S. A. Gourlay, L. Gouskos, F. Grancagnolo, A. Grassellino, A. Grau, E. Graverini, H. M. Gray, Ma. Greco, Mi. Greco, J.-L. Grenard, O. Grimm, C. Grojean, V. A. Gromov, J. F. Grosse-Oetringhaus, A. Grudiev, K. Grzanka, J. Gu, D. Guadagnoli, V. Guidi, S. Guiducci, G. Guillermo Canton, Y. O. Günaydin, R. Gupta, R. S. Gupta, J. Gutierrez, J. Gutleber, C. Guyot, V. Guzey, C. Gwenlan, Ch. Haberstroh, B. Hacışahinoğlu, B. Haerer, K. Hahn, T. Hahn, A. Hammad, C. Han, M. Hance, A. Hannah, P. C. Harris, C. Hati, S. Haug, J. Hauptman, V. Haurylavets, H-J. He, A. Hegglin, B. Hegner, K. Heinemann, S. Heinemeyer, C. Helsens, Ana. Henriques, And. Henriques, P. Hernandez, R. J. Hernández-Pinto, J. Hernandez-Sanchez, T. Herzig, I. Hiekkanen, W. Hillert, T. Hoehn, M. Hofer, W. Höfle, F. Holdener, S. Holleis, B. Holzer, D. K. Hong, C. G. Honorato, S. C. Hopkins, J. Hrdinka, F. Hug, B. Humann, H. Humer, T. Hurth, A. Hutton, G. Iacobucci, N. Ibarrola, L. Iconomidou-Fayard, K. Ilyina-Brunner, J. Incandela, A. Infantino, V. Ippolito, M. Ishino, R. Islam, H. Ita, A. Ivanovs, S. Iwamoto, A. Iyer, S. Izquierdo Bermudez, S. Jadach, D. O. Jamin, P. Janot, P. Jarry, A. Jeff, P. Jenny, E. Jensen, M. Jensen, X. Jiang, J. M. Jiménez, M. A. Jones, O. R. Jones, J. M. Jowett, S. Jung, W. Kaabi, M. Kado, K. Kahle, L. Kalinovskaya, J. Kalinowski, J. F. Kamenik, K. Kannike, S. O. Kara, H. Karadeniz, V. Karaventzas, I. Karpov, S. Kartal, A. Karyukhin, V. Kashikhin, J. Katharina Behr, U. Kaya, J. Keintzel, P. A. Keinz, K. Keppel, R. Kersevan, K. Kershaw, H. Khanpour, S. Khatibi, M. Khatiri Yanehsari, V. V. Khoze, J. Kieseler, A. Kilic, A. Kilpinen, Y.-K. Kim, D. W. Kim, U. Klein, M. Klein, F. Kling, N. Klinkenberg, S. Klöppel, M. Klute, V. I. Klyukhin, M. Knecht, B. Kniehl, F. Kocak, C. Koeberl, A. M. Kolano, A. Kollegger, K. Kołodziej, A. A. Kolomiets, J. Komppula, I. Koop, P. Koppenburg, M. Koratzinos, M. Kordiaczyńska, M. Korjik, O. Kortner, P. Kostka, W. Kotlarski, C. Kotnig, T. Köttig, A. V. Kotwal, A. D. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, J. Kozaczuk, G. A. Kozlov, S. S. Kozub, A. M. Krainer, T. Kramer, M. Krämer, M. Krammer, A. A. Krasnov, F. Krauss, K. Kravalis, L. Kretzschmar, R. M. Kriske, H. Kritscher, P. Krkotic, H. Kroha, M. Kucharczyk, S. Kuday, A. Kuendig, G. Kuhlmann, A. Kulesza, Mi. Kumar, Mu. Kumar, A. Kusina, S. Kuttimalai, M. Kuze, T. Kwon, F. Lackner, M. Lackner, E. La Francesca, M. Laine, G. Lamanna, S. La Mendola, E. Lançon, G. Landsberg, P. Langacker, C. Lange, A. Langner, A. J. Lankford, J. P. Lansberg, T. Lari, P. J. Laycock, P. Lebrun, A. Lechner, K. Lee, S. Lee, R. Lee, T. Lefevre, P. Le Guen, T. Lehtinen, S. B. Leith, P. Lenzi, E. Leogrande, C. Leonidopoulos, I. Leon-Monzon, G. Lerner, O. Leroy, T. Lesiak, P. Lévai, A. Leveratto, E. Levichev, G. Li, S. Li, R. Li, D. Liberati, M. Liepe, D. A. Lissauer, Z. Liu, A. Lobko, E. Locci, E. Logothetis Agaliotis, M. P. Lombardo, A. J. Long, C. Lorin, R. Losito, A. Louzguiti, I. Low, D. Lucchesi, M. T. Lucchini, A. Luciani, M. Lueckhof, A. J. G. Lunt, M. Luzum, D. A. Lyubimtsev, M. Maggiora, N. Magnin, M. A. Mahmoud, F. Mahmoudi, J. Maitre, V. Makarenko, A. Malagoli, J. Malclés, L. Malgeri, P. J. Mallon, F. Maltoni, S. Malvezzi, O. B. Malyshev, G. Mancinelli, P. Mandrik, P. Manfrinetti, M. Mangano, P. Manil, M. Mannelli, G. Marchiori, F. Marhauser, V. Mariani, V. Marinozzi, S. Mariotto, P. Marquard, C. Marquet, T. Marriott-Dodington, R. Martin, O. Martin, J. Martin Camalich, T. Martinez, H. Martinez Bruzual, M. I. Martínez-Hernández, D. E. Martins, S. Marzani, D. Marzocca, L. Marzola, S. Masciocchi, I. Masina, A. Massimiliano, A. Massironi, T. Masubuchi, V. A. Matveev, M. A. Mazzoni, M. McCullough, P. A. McIntosh, P. Meade, L. Medina, A. Meier, J. Meignan, B. Mele, J. G. Mendes Saraiva, F. Menez, M. Mentink, E. Meoni, P. Meridiani, M. Merk, P. Mermod, V. Mertens, L. Mether, E. Métral, M. Migliorati, A. Milanese, C. Milardi, G. Milhano, B. L. Militsyn, F. Millet, I. Minashvili, J. V. Minervini, L. S. Miralles, D. Mirarchi, S. Mishima, D. P. Missiaen, G. Mitselmakher, T. Mitsuhashi, J. Mnich, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, R. N. Mohapatra, N. Mokhov, J. G. Molson, R. Monge, C. Montag, G. Montagna, S. Monteil, G. Montenero, E. Montesinos, F. Moortgat, N. Morange, G. Morello, M. Moreno Llácer, M. Moretti, S. Moretti, A. K. Morley, A. Moros, I. Morozov, V. Morretta, M. Morrone, A. Mostacci, S. Muanza, N. Muchnoi, M. Mühlegger, M. Mulder, M. Mulders, B. Müller, F. Müller, A.-S. Müller, J. Munilla, M. J. Murray, Y. Muttoni, S. Myers, M. Mylona, J. Nachtman, T. Nakamoto, M. Nardecchia, G. Nardini, P. Nason, Z. Nergiz, A. V. Nesterenko, A. Nettsträter, C. Neubüser, J. Neundorf, F. Niccoli, O. Nicrosini, Y. Nie, U. Niedermayer, J. Niedziela, A. Niemi, S. A. Nikitin, A. Nisati, J. M. No, M. Nonis, Y. Nosochkov, M. Novák, A. Novokhatski, J. M. O’Callaghan, C. Ochando, S. Ogur, K. Ohmi, K. Oide, V. A. Okorokov, Y. Okumura, C. Oleari, F. I. Olness, Y. Onel, M. Ortino, J. Osborne, P. Osland, T. Otto, K. Y. Oyulmaz, A. Ozansoy, V. Özcan, K. Özdemir, C. E. Pagliarone, H. F. Pais da Silva, E. Palmieri, L. Palumbo, A. Pampaloni, R.-Q. Pan, M. Panareo, O. Panella, G. Panico, G. Panizzo, A. A. Pankov, V. Pantsyrny, C. G. Papadopoulos, A. Papaefstathiou, Y. Papaphilippou, M. A. Parker, V. Parma, M. Pasquali, S. K. Patra, R. Patterson, H. Paukkunen, F. Pauss, S. Peggs, J.-P. Penttinen, G. Peón, E. E. Perepelkin, E. Perez, J. C. Perez, G. Perez, F. Pérez, E. Perez Codina, J. Perez Morales, M. Perfilov, H. Pernegger, M. Peruzzi, C. Pes, K. Peters, S. Petracca, F. Petriello, L. Pezzotti, S. Pfeiffer, F. Piccinini, T. Pieloni, M. Pierini, H. Pikhartova, G. Pikurs, E. Pilicer, P. Piminov, C. Pira, R. Pittau, W. Płaczek, M. Plagge, T. Plehn, M.-A. Pleier, M. Płoskoń, M. Podeur, H. Podlech, T. Podzorny, L. Poggioli, A. Poiron, G. Polesello, M. Poli Lener, A. Polini, J. Polinski, S. M. Polozov, L. Ponce, M. Pont, L. Pontecorvo, T. Portaluri, K. Potamianos, C. Prasse, M. Prausa, A. Preinerstorfer, E. Premat, T. Price, M. Primavera, F. Prino, M. Prioli, J. Proudfoot, A. Provino, T. Pugnat, N. Pukhaeva, S. Puławski, D. Pulikowski, G. Punzi, M. Putti, A. Pyarelal, H. Quack, M. Quispe, A. Racioppi, H. Rafique, V. Raginel, M. Raidal, N. S. Ramírez-Uribe, M. J. Ramsey-Musolf, R. Rata, P. Ratoff, F. Ravotti, P. Rebello Teles, M. Reboud, S. Redaelli, E. Renner, A. E. Rentería-Olivo, M. Rescigno, J. Reuter, A. Ribon, A. M. Ricci, W. Riegler, S. Riemann, B. Riemann, T. Riemann, J. M. Rifflet, R. A. Rimmer, R. Rinaldesi, L. Rinolfi, O. Rios Rubiras, T. Risselada, A. Rivetti, L. Rivkin, T. Rizzo, T. Robens, F. Robert, A. J. Robson, E. Rochepault, C. Roda, G. Rodrigo, M. Rodríguez-Cahuantzi, C. Rogan, M. Roig, S. Rojas-Torres, J. Rojo, G. Rolandi, G. Rolando, P. Roloff, A. Romanenko, A. Romanov, F. Roncarolo, A. Rosado Sanchez, G. Rosaz, L. Rossi, A. Rossi, R. Rossmanith, B. Rousset, C. Royon, X. Ruan, I. Ruehl, V. Ruhlmann-Kleider, R. Ruiz, L. Rumyantsev, R. Ruprecht, A. I. Ryazanov, A. Saba, R. Sadykov, D. Saez de Jauregui, M. Sahin, B. Sailer, M. Saito, F. Sala, G. P. Salam, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, C. A. Salgado, S. Salini, J. M. Sallese, T. Salmi, A. Salzburger, O. A. Sampayo, S. Sanfilippo, J. Santiago, E. Santopinto, R. Santoro, A. Sanz Ull, X. Sarasola, I. H. Sarpün, M. Sauvain, S. Savelyeva, R. Sawada, G. F. R. Sborlini, A. Schaffer, M. Schaumann, M. Schenk, C. Scheuerlein, I. Schienbein, K. Schlenga, H. Schmickler, R. Schmidt, D. Schoerling, A. Schoning, T. Schörner-Sadenius, M. Schott, D. Schulte, P. Schwaller, C. Schwanenberger, P. Schwemling, N. Schwerg, L. Scibile, A. Sciuto, E. Scomparin, C. Sebastiani, B. Seeber, M. Segreti, P. Selva, M. Selvaggi, C. Senatore, A. Senol, L. Serin, M. Serluca, N. Serra, A. Seryi, L. Sestini, A. Sfyrla, M. Shaposhnikov, E. Shaposhnikova, B. Yu. Sharkov, D. Shatilov, J. Shelton, V. Shiltsev, I. P. Shipsey, G. D. Shirkov, A. Shivaji, D. Shwartz, T. Sian, S. Sidorov, A. Siemko, L. Silvestrini, N. Simand, F. Simon, B. K. Singh, A. Siódmok, Y. Sirois, E. Sirtori, R. Sirvinskaite, B. Sitar, T. Sjöstrand, P. Skands, E. Skordis, K. Skovpen, M. Skrzypek, E. Slade, P. Slavich, R. Slovak, V. Smaluk, V. Smirnov, W. Snoeys, L. Soffi, P. Sollander, O. Solovyanov, H. K. Soltveit, H. Song, P. Sopicki, M. Sorbi, L. Spallino, M. Spannowsky, B. Spataro, P. Sphicas, H. Spiesberger, P. Spiller, M. Spira, T. Srivastava, J. Stachel, A. Stakia, J. L. Stanyard, E. Starchenko, A. Yu. Starikov, A. M. Staśto, M. Statera, R. Steerenberg, J. Steggemann, A. Stenvall, F. Stivanello, D. Stöckinger, L. S. Stoel, M. Stöger-Pollach, B. Strauss, M. Stuart, G. Stupakov, S. Su, A. Sublet, K. Sugita, L. Sulak, M. K. Sullivan, S. Sultansoy, T. Sumida, K. Suzuki, G. Sylva, M. J. Syphers, A. Sznajder, M. Taborelli, N. A. Tahir, E. Tal Hod, M. Takeuchi, C. Tambasco, J. Tanaka, K. Tang, I. Tapan, S. Taroni, G. F. Tartarelli, G. Tassielli, L. Tavian, T. M. Taylor, G. N. Taylor, A. M. Teixeira, G. Tejeda-Muñoz, V. I. Telnov, R. Tenchini, H. H. J. ten Kate, K. Terashi, A. Tesi, M. Testa, C. Tetrel, D. Teytelman, J. Thaler, A. Thamm, S. Thomas, M. T. Tiirakari, V. Tikhomirov, D. Tikhonov, H. Timko, V. Tisserand, L. M. Tkachenko, J. Tkaczuk, J. Ph. Tock, B. Todd, E. Todesco, R. Tomás Garcia, D. Tommasini, G. Tonelli, F. Toral, T. Torims, R. Torre, Z. Townsend, R. Trant, D. Treille, L. Trentadue, A. Tricoli, A. Tricomi, W. Trischuk, I. S. Tropin, B. Tuchming, A. A. Tudora, B. Turbiarz, I. Turk Cakir, M. Turri, T. Tydecks, J. Usovitsch, J. Uythoven, R. Vaglio, A. Valassi, F. Valchkova, M. A. Valdivia Garcia, P. Valente, R. U. Valente, A.-M. Valente-Feliciano, G. Valentino, L. Vale Silva, J. M. Valet, R. Valizadeh, J. W. F. Valle, S. Vallecorsa, G. Vallone, M. van Leeuwen, U. H. van Rienen, L. van Riesen-Haupt, M. Varasteh, L. Vecchi, P. Vedrine, G. Velev, R. Veness, A. Ventura, W. Venturini Delsolaro, M. Verducci, C. B. Verhaaren, C. Vernieri, A. P. Verweij, O. Verwilligen, O. Viazlo, A. Vicini, G. Viehhauser, N. Vignaroli, M. Vignolo, A. Vitrano, I. Vivarelli, S. Vlachos, M. Vogel, D. M. Vogt, V. Völkl, P. Volkov, G. Volpini, J. von Ahnen, G. Vorotnikov, G. G. Voutsinas, V. Vysotsky, U. Wagner, R. Wallny, L.-T. Wang, R. Wang, K. Wang, B. F. L. Ward, T. P. Watson, N. K. Watson, Z. Wa̧s, C. Weiland, S. Weinzierl, C. P. Welsch, J. Wenninger, M. Widorski, U. A. Wiedemann, H.-U. Wienands, G. Wilkinson, P. H. Williams, A. Winter, A. Wohlfahrt, T. Wojtoń, D. Wollmann, J. Womersley, D. Woog, X. Wu, A. Wulzer, M. K. Yanehsari, G. Yang, H. J. Yang, W.-M. Yao, E. Yazgan, V. Yermolchik, Ay. Yilmaz, Al. Yilmaz, H.-D. Yoo, S. A. Yost, T. You, C. Young, T.-T. Yu, F. Yu, A. Zaborowska, S. G. Zadeh, M. Zahnd, M. Zanetti, L. Zanotto, L. Zawiejski, P. Zeiler, M. Zerlauth, S. M. Zernov, G. Zevi Dell Porta, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, C. Zhang, H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, Y.-M. Zhong, J. Zhou, D. Zhou, P. Zhuang, G. Zick, F. Zimmermann, J. Zinn-Justin, L. Zivkovic, A. V. Zlobin, M. Zobov, J. Zupan, J. Zurita, and The FCC Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.
Published: 2019
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27. Measuring the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters and constraining the 3+1 neutrino model with ten years of ANTARES data

Author: The ANTARES collaboration, A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martí, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, R. Bormuth, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzas, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, R. Donà, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, L. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, T. Grégoire, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N. R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, C. Lachaud, R. Lahmann, R. Le Breton, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lincetto, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, G. Maggi, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, S. Navas, E. Nezri, C. Nielsen, A. Nuñez, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălas, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, P. Piattelli, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, C. Racca, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, A. Salah-Eddine, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, T. Thakore, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Oscillation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The ANTARES neutrino telescope has an energy threshold of a few tens of GeV. This allows to study the phenomenon of atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance due to neutrino oscillations. In a similar way, constraints on the 3+1 neutrino model, which foresees the existence of one sterile neutrino, can be inferred. Using data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope from 2007 to 2016, a new measurement of Δm 32 2 and θ 23 has been performed — which is consistent with world best-fit values — and constraints on the 3+1 neutrino model have been derived.
Published: 2019
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28. Sexual dimorphism and the multi-omic response to exercise training in rat subcutaneous white adipose tissue

Author: Many, Gina M, Sanford, James A, Sagendorf, Tyler J, Hou, Zhenxin, Nigro, Pasquale, Whytock, Katie L, Amar, David, Caputo, Tiziana, Gay, Nicole R, Gaul, David A, Hirshman, Michael F, Jimenez-Morales, David, Lindholm, Malene E, Muehlbauer, Michael J, Vamvini, Maria, Bergman, Bryan C, Fernández, Facundo M, Goodyear, Laurie J, Hevener, Andrea L, Ortlund, Eric A, Sparks, Lauren M, Xia, Ashley, Adkins, Joshua N, Bodine, Sue C, Newgard, Christopher B, and Schenk, Simon
Subjects: Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Medical Physiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Physical Activity, Women's Health, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Animals, Male, Female, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Rats, Sex Characteristics, Adipose Tissue, White, Subcutaneous Fat, Adipogenesis, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Multiomics, MoTrPAC Study Group, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, Medical physiology, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract: Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) is a dynamic storage and secretory organ that regulates systemic homeostasis, yet the impact of endurance exercise training (ExT) and sex on its molecular landscape is not fully established. Utilizing an integrative multi-omics approach, and leveraging data generated by the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC), we show profound sexual dimorphism in the scWAT of sedentary rats and in the dynamic response of this tissue to ExT. Specifically, the scWAT of sedentary females displays -omic signatures related to insulin signaling and adipogenesis, whereas the scWAT of sedentary males is enriched in terms related to aerobic metabolism. These sex-specific -omic signatures are preserved or amplified with ExT. Integration of multi-omic analyses with phenotypic measures identifies molecular hubs predicted to drive sexually distinct responses to training. Overall, this study underscores the powerful impact of sex on adipose tissue biology and provides a rich resource to investigate the scWAT response to ExT.
Published: 2024

29. Reproductive parameters of Bering‐Chukchi‐Beaufort Seas bowhead whales

Author: George, John C Craig, Givens, Geof H, Horstmann, Lara, Suydam, Robert, Scheimreif, Kayla, Stimmelmayr, Raphaela, Sheffield, Gay, Sformo, Todd L, Person, Brian, Von Duyke, Andrew, Sousa, Leandra, Frantz, Rita M, and Tarpley, Raymond
Subjects: Ecological Applications, Environmental Sciences, Women's Health, Reproductive health and childbirth, age at sexual maturity, Arctic, birth interval, bowhead whale, calving interval, fetus, length at sexual maturity, pregnancy rate, productivity, reproduction, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Zoology, Marine Biology & Hydrobiology, Ecological applications
Abstract: Data from Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus), harvested during 1973–2021 by aboriginal subsistence hunters, were used to estimate reproductive parameters: length at sexual maturity (LSM), age at sexual maturity (ASM), pregnancy rate (PR), and calving interval. Sexual maturity (N = 187 females) was determined from the presence/absence of corpora in the ovaries, or a fetus. Using sampling bias-corrected logistic regression, LSM was estimated at 13.5 m, 95% CI [13.0, 13.8]. There was a downward trend in LSM over time, statistically significant with one method but marginal with another. A growth model translated this estimate to an ASM estimate of 23.5 years, 95% CI [20.4, 26.7]. Pregnancy rate was determined from mature females (N = 125), and from a subset limited to certain autumn-caught whales (n = 37) to reduce bias. The PR was estimated at 0.46 globally, 95% CI [0.36, 0.55] and 0.38 for the autumn sample, 95% CI [0.20, 0.51]. Both estimated PRs are consistent with a 3-year calving interval, because the larger estimate includes two cohorts of pregnant whales harvested in spring, and bowhead whale gestation is longer than 12 months. These analyses represent the most conclusive empirical estimates of ASM, LSM, and PR for this bowhead whale stock from the largest available data sets to date.
Published: 2024

30. The cosmic ray shadow of the Moon observed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

Author: A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J. -J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martít, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, R. Bormuth, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, I. Felis, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, L. A. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, T. Grégoire, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N. R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, C. Lachaud, R. Lahmann, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, S. Navas, E. Nezri, A. Nuñez, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, P. Piattelli, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, C. Racca, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract One of the main objectives of the ANTARES telescope is the search for point-like neutrino sources. Both the pointing accuracy and the angular resolution of the detector are important in this context and a reliable way to evaluate this performance is needed. In order to measure the pointing accuracy of the detector, one possibility is to study the shadow of the Moon, i.e. the deficit of the atmospheric muon flux from the direction of the Moon induced by the absorption of cosmic rays. Analysing the data taken between 2007 and 2016, the Moon shadow is observed with $$3.5\sigma $$ 3.5σ statistical significance. The detector angular resolution for downward-going muons is $$0.73^{\circ }\pm 0.14^{\circ }.$$ 0.73∘±0.14∘. The resulting pointing performance is consistent with the expectations. An independent check of the telescope pointing accuracy is realised with the data collected by a shower array detector onboard of a ship temporarily moving around the ANTARES location.
Published: 2018
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31. Symmetry breaking due to multi-angle matter-neutrino resonance in neutron star merger remnants

Author: Padilla-Gay, Ian, Shalgar, Shashank, and Tamborra, Irene
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Neutron star merger remnants are unique sites for exploring neutrino flavor conversion in dense media. Because of the natural excess of $\bar{\nu}_e$ over $\nu_e$, the neutrino-neutrino potential can cancel the matter potential, giving rise to matter-neutrino resonant flavor conversion. Under the assumption of two (anti)neutrino flavors and spatial homogeneity, we solve the neutrino quantum kinetic equations to investigate the occurrence of the matter-neutrino resonance within a multi-angle framework. We find that isotropy is broken spontaneously, regardless of the mass ordering. Relying on a hydrodynamical simulation of a binary neutron star merger remnant with a black hole of $3\ M_\odot$ and an accretion torus of $0.3\ M_\odot$, we find that complete flavor conversion caused by the matter-neutrino resonance is unlikely, although the matter and neutrino potentials cancel at various locations above the disk. Importantly, the matter-neutrino resonant flavor conversion crucially depends on the shape of the neutrino angular distributions. Our findings suggest that an accurate modeling of the neutrino angular distributions is necessary to understand flavor conversion physics in merger remnants, its implications on the disk physics and synthesis of the elements heavier than iron., Comment: 31 pages, 18 figures. Minor changes, matches version accepted for publication in JCAP. Supplemental material: https://sid.erda.dk/share_redirect/e2zTyjhG3B/index.html
Published: 2024
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32. The New Horizons Extended Mission Target: Arrokoth Search and Discovery

Author: Buie, Marc W., Spencer, John R., Porter, Simon B., Benecchi, Susan D., Parker, Alex H., Stern, S. Alan, Belton, Michael, Binzel, Richard P., Borncamp, David, DeMeo, Francesca, Fabbro, S., Fuentes, Cesar, Furusawa, Hisanori, Fuse, Tetsuharu, Gay, Pamela L., Gwyn, Stephen, Holman, Matthew J., Karoji, H., Kavelaars, J. J., Kinoshita, Daisuke, Miyazaki, Satoshi, Mountain, Matt, Noll, Keith S., Osip, David J., Petit, Jean-Marc, Reid, Neill I., Sheppard, Scott S., Showalter, Mark, Steffl, Andrew J., Sterner, Ray E., Tajitsu, Akito, Tholen, David J., Trilling, David E., Weaver, Harold A., Verbiscer, Anne J., Wasserman, Lawrence H., Yamashita, Takuji, Yanagisawa, Toshifumi, Yoshida, Fumi, and Zangari, Amanda M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Following the Pluto fly-by of the New Horizons spacecraft, the mission provided a unique opportunity to explore the Kuiper Belt in-situ. The possibility existed to fly-by a Kuiper Belt object (KBO) as well as to observe additional objects at distances closer than are feasible from earth-orbit facilities. However, at the time of launch no KBOs were known about that were accessible by the spacecraft. In this paper we present the results of 10 years of observations and three uniquely dedicated efforts -- two ground-based using the Subaru Suprime Camera, the Magellan MegaCam and IMACS Cameras, and one with the Hubble Space Telescope -- to find such KBOs for study. In this paper we overview the search criteria and strategies employed in our work and detail the analysis efforts to locate and track faint objects in the galactic plane. We also present a summary of all of the KBOs that were discovered as part of our efforts and how spacecraft targetability was assessed, including a detailed description of our astrometric analysis which included development of an extensive secondary calibration network. Overall, these efforts resulted in the discovery of 89 KBOs including 11 which became objects for distant observation by New Horizons and (486958) Arrokoth which became the first post-Pluto fly-by destination., Comment: Accepted to PSJ. 40 pages, 10 figures, 10 tables
Published: 2024

33. Results of the follow-up of ANTARES neutrino alerts

Author: Albert, A., Alves, S., André, M., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aubert, J. -J., Aublin, J., Baret, B., Basa, S., Becherini, Y., Belhorma, B., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bissinger, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzas, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carenini, F., Carr, J., Carretero, V., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Moursli, R. Cherkaoui El, Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cruz, A. S. M., Díaz, A. F., De Martino, B., Distefano, C., Di Palma, I., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., van Eeden, T., van Eijk, D., Hedri, S. El, Khayati, N. El, Enzenhöfer, A., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippini, F., Fusco, L., Gagliardini, S., García, J., Oliver, C. Gatius, Gay, P., Geißelbrecht, N., Glotin, H., Gozzini, R., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Guidi, C., Haegel, L., Hallmann, S., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hößl, J., Hofestädt, J., Huang, F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jisse-Jung, B., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamoureux, M., Lazo, A., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Levi, G., Stum, S. Le, Loucatos, S., Maderer, L., Manczak, J., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Fearraigh, B. Ó, Oukacha, E., Pāun, A., Pāvālas, G. E., Peña-Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Piattelli, P., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Riccobene, G., Romanov, A., Sánchez-Losa, A., Saina, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Schnabel, J., Schumann, J., Schüssler, F., Seneca, J., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Tingay, S. J., Vallage, B., Vannoye, G., Van Elewyck, V., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Lipunov, V., Antipov, G., Balanutsa, P., Buckley, D., Budnev, N., Chasovnikov, A., Cheryasov, D., Francile, C., Gabovich, A., Gorbovskoy, E., Gorbunov, I., Gress, O., Kornilov, V., Kuznetsov, A., Iyudin, A., Podesta, R., Podesta, F., Lopez, R. Rebolo, Senik, V., Sierra-Rucart, M., Svertilov, S., Tiurina, N., Vlasenko, D., Yashin, I., Zhirkov, K., Croft, S., Kaplan, D. L., Anderson, G. E., Williams, A., Dobie, D., Bannister, K. W., Hancock, P. J., Evans, P. A., Kennea, J. A., Osborne, J. P., Cenko, S. B., Antier, S., Atteia, J. L., Boër, M., Klotz, A., Chaty, S., Hodapp, K., and Savchenko, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: High-energy neutrinos could be produced in the interaction of charged cosmic rays with matter or radiation surrounding astrophysical sources. To look for transient sources associated with neutrino emission, a follow-up program of neutrino alerts has been operating within the ANTARES Collaboration since 2009. This program, named TAToO, has triggered robotic optical telescopes (MASTER, TAROT, ROTSE and the SVOM ground based telescopes) immediately after the detection of any relevant neutrino candidate and scheduled several observations in the weeks following the detection. A subset of ANTARES events with highest probabilities of being of cosmic origin has also been followed by the Swift and the INTEGRAL satellites, the Murchison Widefield Array radio telescope and the H.E.S.S. high-energy gamma-ray telescope. The results of twelve years of observations are reported. No optical counterpart has been significantly associated with an ANTARES candidate neutrino signal during image analysis. Constraints on transient neutrino emission have been set. In September 2015, ANTARES issued a neutrino alert and during the follow-up, a potential transient counterpart was identified by Swift and MASTER. A multi-wavelength follow-up campaign has allowed to identify the nature of this source and has proven its fortuitous association with the neutrino. The return of experience is particularly important for the design of the alert system of KM3NeT, the next generation neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea., Comment: 27 pages, 14 figures, submitted to JCAP
Published: 2024

34. Large-Language-Model Empowered Dose Volume Histogram Prediction for Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy

Author: Dong, Zehao, Chen, Yixin, Gay, Hiram, Hao, Yao, Hugo, Geoffrey D., Samson, Pamela, and Zhao, Tianyu
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Treatment planning is currently a patient specific, time-consuming, and resource demanding task in radiotherapy. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) prediction plays a critical role in automating this process. The geometric relationship between DVHs in radiotherapy plans and organs-at-risk (OAR) and planning target volume (PTV) has been well established. This study explores the potential of deep learning models for predicting DVHs using images and subsequent human intervention facilitated by a large-language model (LLM) to enhance the planning quality. We propose a pipeline to convert unstructured images to a structured graph consisting of image-patch nodes and dose nodes. A novel Dose Graph Neural Network (DoseGNN) model is developed for predicting DVHs from the structured graph. The proposed DoseGNN is enhanced with the LLM to encode massive knowledge from prescriptions and interactive instructions from clinicians. In this study, we introduced an online human-AI collaboration (OHAC) system as a practical implementation of the concept proposed for the automation of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) planning. In comparison to the widely-employed DL models used in radiotherapy, DoseGNN achieved mean square errors that were 80$\%$, 76$\%$ and 41.0$\%$ of those predicted by Swin U-Net Transformer, 3D U-Net CNN and vanilla MLP, respectively. Moreover, the LLM-empowered DoseGNN model facilitates seamless adjustment to treatment plans through interaction with clinicians using natural language.
Published: 2024

35. Gravitational wave turbulence: a multiple time scale approach for quartic wave interactions

Author: Gay, Benoît and Galtier, Sébastien
Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: Wave turbulence is by nature a multiple time scale problem for which there is a natural asymptotic closure. The main result of this analytical theory is the kinetic equation that describes the long-time statistical behaviour of such turbulence composed of a set of weakly nonlinear interacting waves. In the case of gravitational waves, it involves four-wave interactions and two invariants, energy and wave action. Although the kinetic equation of gravitational wave turbulence has been published with the Hadad-Zakharov metric, along with their physical properties, the detailed derivation has not been shown. Following the seminal work of Newell (1968) for gravity/surface waves, we present the multiple time scale method, rarely used to derive the kinetic equations, and clarify the underlying assumptions and methodology. This formalism is applied to a wave amplitude equation obtained using an Eulerian approach. It leads to a kinetic equation slightly different from the one originally published, with a wave equation obtained using a Hamiltonian approach; we verify, however, that the two formulations are fully compatible when the number of symmetries used is the same. We also show that the exact solutions (Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectra) exhibit the same power laws and cascade directions. Furthermore, the use of the multiple time scale method reveals that the system retains the memory of the initially condition up to a certain level (second order) of development in time., Comment: 38 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2024

36. Are magnetic monopoles at the origin of magneto-electricity in spin ices?

Author: Alexanian, Y., Scoarnec, J., Decorse, C., Robert, J., Ballou, R., Lhotel, E., Debray, J., Gay, F., Simonet, V., and de Brion, S.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: The possibilities of combining several degrees of freedom inside a unique material have recently been highlighted in their dynamics and proposed as information carriers in quantum devices where their cross-manipulation by external parameters such as electric and magnetic fields could enhance their functionalities. An emblematic example is that of electromagnons, spin-waves dressed with electric dipoles, that are fingerprints of multiferroics. Point-like objects have also been identified, which may take the form of excited quasiparticles. This is the case for magnetic monopoles, the exotic excitations of spin ices, that have been recently proposed to carry an electric dipole although experimental evidences remain elusive. Presently, we investigate the electrical signature of a classical spin ice and a related compound that supports quantum fluctuations. Our in-depth study clearly attributes magnetoelectricity to the correlated spin ice phase distinguishing it from extrinsic and single-ion effects. Our calculations show that the proposed model conferring magnetoelectricity to monopoles is not sufficient, calling for higher order contributions.
Published: 2024

37. EERO: Early Exit with Reject Option for Efficient Classification with limited budget

Author: Valade, Florian, Hebiri, Mohamed, and Gay, Paul
Subjects: Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: The increasing complexity of advanced machine learning models requires innovative approaches to manage computational resources effectively. One such method is the Early Exit strategy, which allows for adaptive computation by providing a mechanism to shorten the processing path for simpler data instances. In this paper, we propose EERO, a new methodology to translate the problem of early exiting to a problem of using multiple classifiers with reject option in order to better select the exiting head for each instance. We calibrate the probabilities of exiting at the different heads using aggregation with exponential weights to guarantee a fixed budget .We consider factors such as Bayesian risk, budget constraints, and head-specific budget consumption. Experimental results, conducted using a ResNet-18 model and a ConvNext architecture on Cifar and ImageNet datasets, demonstrate that our method not only effectively manages budget allocation but also enhances accuracy in overthinking scenarios.
Published: 2024

38. Encapsulation of Saccharomyces spp. for Use as Probiotic in Food and Feed: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author: Grambusch, Isabel Marie, Schmitz, Caroline, Schlabitz, Cláudia, Ducati, Rodrigo Gay, Lehn, Daniel Neutzling, and Volken de Souza, Claucia Fernanda
Published: 2024
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39. Domesticated animal reservoirs of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in agricultural farms in Laguna and Quezon provinces, Philippines

Author: Paller, Vachel Gay V., Mendoza, David Lester A., and Macaraig, Jeph Roxy M.
Published: 2024
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40. Numerical methodology to model offshore systems composed of slender structures

Author: Gay Neto, Alfredo, Martins, Guilherme Rocha, do Amaral, Giovanni Aiosa, and Franzini, Guilherme Rosa
Published: 2024
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41. Functional attributes of conifers expanding into temperate semi-arid grasslands modulate carbon and nitrogen fluxes in response to prescribed fire

Author: Gay, Justin D., Currey, Bryce, Davis, Kimberley T., and Brookshire, E. N. Jack
Published: 2024
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42. The Impact of the Communities that Care Approach in Reducing Violence and Crime Within an Urban, High-Burden Community

Author: Gorman-Smith, Deborah, Garthe, Rachel C., Schoeny, Michael E., Cosey-Gay, Franklin N., Harris, Sr., Chris, Brown, C. Hendricks, and Villamar, Juan A.
Published: 2024
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43. Isatuximab, lenalidomide, dexamethasone and bortezomib in transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: the randomized phase 3 BENEFIT trial

Author: Leleu, Xavier, Hulin, Cyrille, Lambert, Jerome, Bobin, Arthur, Perrot, Aurore, Karlin, Lionel, Roussel, Murielle, Montes, Lydia, Cherel, Brieuc, Chalopin, Thomas, Slama, Borhane, Chretien, Marie-Lorraine, Laribi, Kamel, Dingremont, Claire, Roul, Christophe, Mariette, Clara, Rigaudeau, Sophie, Calmettes, Claire, Dib, Mamoun, Tiab, Mourad, Vincent, Laure, Delaunay, Jacques, Santagostino, Alberto, Macro, Margaret, Bourgeois, Emmanuelle, Orsini-Piocelle, Frederique, Gay, Julie, Bareau, Benoit, Bigot, Noemie, Vergez, François, Lebreton, Pierre, Tabrizi, Reza, Waultier-Rascalou, Agathe, Frenzel, Laurent, Le Calloch, Ronan, Chalayer, Emilie, Braun, Thorsten, Lachenal, Florence, Corm, Selim, Kennel, Celine, Belkhir, Rakiba, Bladé, Jean-Sebastien, Joly, Bertrand, Richez-Olivier, Valentine, Gardeney, Helene, Demarquette, Helene, Robu-Cretu, Daniela, Garderet, Laurent, Newinger-Porte, Muriel, Kasmi, Amine, Royer, Bruno, Decaux, Olivier, Arnulf, Bertrand, Belhadj, Karim, Touzeau, Cyrille, Mohty, Mohamad, Manier, Salomon, Moreau, Philippe, Avet-Loiseau, Hervé, Corre, Jill, and Facon, Thierry
Published: 2024
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44. Pivotal role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related XBP1s/miR-22/SIRT1 axis in acute myeloid leukemia apoptosis and response to chemotherapy

Author: Philippe, Céline, Jaud, Manon, Féral, Kelly, Gay, Alexandre, Van Den Berghe, Loïc, Farce, Manon, Bousquet, Marina, Pyronnet, Stéphane, Mazzolini, Laurent, Rouault-Pierre, Kevin, and Touriol, Christian
Published: 2024
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45. Maternal diet quality trajectories from pregnancy to 3.5 years postpartum and associated maternal factors

Author: Sexton-Dhamu, Meaghan J., Szymlek-Gay, Ewa A., Livingstone, Katherine M., Wen, Li Ming, and Zheng, Miaobing
Published: 2024
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46. False lumen hemodynamics and partial thrombosis in chronic aortic dissection of the descending aorta

Author: Ruiz-Muñoz, Aroa, Guala, Andrea, Dux-Santoy, Lydia, Teixidó-Turà, Gisela, Valente, Filipa, Garrido-Oliver, Juan, Galian-Gay, Laura, Gutiérrez, Laura, Fernandez-Galera, Rubén, Casas-Masnou, Guillem, González-Alujas, Teresa, Cuéllar-Calabria, Hug, Carrasco-Poves, Alejandro, Morales-Galán, Alberto, Johnson, Kevin M., Wieben, Oliver, Ferreira-González, Ignacio, Evangelista, Arturo, and Rodriguez-Palomares, Jose
Published: 2024
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47. CTNND1 is involved in germline predisposition to early-onset gastric cancer by affecting cell-to-cell interactions

Author: Herrera-Pariente, Cristina, Bonjoch, Laia, Muñoz, Jenifer, Fernàndez, Guerau, Soares de Lima, Yasmin, Mahmood, Romesa, Cuatrecasas, Miriam, Ocaña, Teresa, Lopez-Prades, Sandra, Llargués-Sistac, Gemma, Domínguez-Rovira, Xavier, Llach, Joan, Luzko, Irina, Díaz-Gay, Marcos, Lazaro, Conxi, Brunet, Joan, Castillo-Manzano, Carmen, García-González, María Asunción, Lanas, Angel, Carrillo, Marta, Hernández San Gil, Raquel, Quintero, Enrique, Sala, Nuria, Llort, Gemma, Aguilera, Lara, Carot, Laura, Diez-Redondo, Pilar, Jover, Rodrigo, Ramon y Cajal, Teresa, Cubiella, Joaquín, Castells, Antoni, Balaguer, Francesc, Bujanda, Luis, Castellví-Bel, Sergi, and Moreira, Leticia
Published: 2024
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48. CEO optimism and the use of credit default swaps: evidence from the US life insurance industry

Author: Cheng, Jiang, Fung, Hung-Gay, Lin, Tzu-Ting, and Wen, Min-Ming
Published: 2024
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49. Search for dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with 11 years of ANTARES data

Author: A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, B. Baret, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Bissinger, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. Bouta, M.C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, T.N. Chau, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A.F. Díaz, G. de Wasseige, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, F. Filippini, L. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, R. Gozzini, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, C. Guidi, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A.J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J.J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, C.W. James, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N.R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, R. Le Breton, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lincetto, D. Lopez-Coto, S. Loucatos, G. Maggi, J. Manczak, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J.A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, M. Moser, A. Moussa, R. Muller, L. Nauta, S. Navas, E. Nezri, C. Nielsen, A. Nuñez-Castiñeyra, B. O'Fearraigh, M. Organokov, G.E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, M. Perrin-Terrin, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, A. Salah-Eddine, D.F.E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, B. Strandberg, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, T. Thakore, S.J. Tingay, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, A. Zegarelli, J.D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Dark matter indirect detection, Neutrino telescope, Galactic Centre, ANTARES, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Neutrino detectors participate in the indirect search for the fundamental constituents of dark matter (DM) in form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). In WIMP scenarios, candidate DM particles can pair-annihilate into Standard Model products, yielding considerable fluxes of high-energy neutrinos. A detector like ANTARES, located in the Northern Hemisphere, is able to perform a complementary search looking towards the Galactic Centre, where a high density of dark matter is thought to accumulate. Both this directional information and the spectral features of annihilating DM pairs are entered into an unbinned likelihood method to scan the data set in search for DM-like signals in ANTARES data. Results obtained upon unblinding 3170 days of data reconstructed with updated methods are presented, which provides a larger, and more accurate, data set than a previously published result using 2101 days. A non-observation of dark matter is converted into limits on the velocity-averaged cross section for WIMP pair annihilation.
Published: 2020
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50. Long-term monitoring of the ANTARES optical module efficiencies using $$^{40}\mathrm{{K}}$$ 40K decays in sea water

Author: A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martí, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, R. Bormuth, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, I. Felis, G. Ferrara, L. A. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, T. Grégoire, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, C. Lachaud, R. Lahmann, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, S. Navas, E. Nezri, A. Nuñez, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, P. Piattelli, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, C. Racca, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Cherenkov light induced by radioactive decay products is one of the major sources of background light for deep-sea neutrino telescopes such as ANTARES. These decays are at the same time a powerful calibration source. Using data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope from mid 2008 to 2017, the time evolution of the photon detection efficiency of optical modules is studied. A modest loss of only 20% in 9 years is observed. The relative time calibration between adjacent modules is derived as well.
Published: 2018
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