Search

The prophylactic administration of ceftiofur to newly hatched chicks is a common practice in some hatcheries worldwide to mitigate early gastrointestinal infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. In spite of the crucial role of the gut microbiome for the broiler's health, there is still limited information on how the microbial composition is affected by such procedure. We investigated the effects of posthatch prophylactic application of ceftiofur on the cecal microbiota of 14-day-old broilers fed regular or sanguinarine-supplemented diets. DNA samples were extracted from cecal contents, amplified for the V3-V4 regions of the microbial 16S rRNA gene, and sequenced in a high-throughput sequencing platform (Illumina MiSeq). After downstream bioinformatics and statistical analyses, our results demonstrated that both ceftiofur and sanguinarine treatments similarly increased the proportions of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera Bacteroides and Megamonas, whereas reduced the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Lachnospiraceae in the ceca of the birds. Such changes are probably associated with increased carbohydrate fermentation processes favoring the production of short-chain fatty acids. This was also corroborated by the functional prediction findings, which suggest an increase in some metabolic pathways associated with digestibility in broilers receiving ceftiofur. Considering that antimicrobial stewardship in animal production systems is strongly needed to mitigate the threat of antimicrobial resistance, our findings show that supplementation with a phytogenic feed additive can lead to a similar microbial composition in the ceca of commercial broiler chickens, suggesting that the use of alternative products could lead to functional modifications without increasing pressure for antimicrobial resistance. Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-07T09:14:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AP-Posthatch-prophylactic-2020.pdf: 1523214 bytes, checksum: 814d02246982ec61f3cacd90fae08f0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

BackgroundThe proximal femoral head separation (FHS) or epiphysiolysis is a prevalent disorder affecting the chicken femur epiphysis, being considered a risk factor to infection which can cause bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis in broilers. To identify the genetic mechanisms involved in epiphysiolysis, differentially expressed (DE) genes in the femur of normal and FHS-affected broilers were identified using RNA-Seq technology. Femoral growth plate (GP) samples from 35-day-old commercial male broilers were collected from 4 healthy and 4 FHS-affected broilers. Sequencing was performed using an Illumina paired-end protocol. Differentially expressed genes were obtained using the edgeR package based on the False Discovery Rate (FDR ResultsApproximately 16 million reads/sample were generated with 2 × 100 bp paired-end reads. After data quality control, approximately 12 million reads/sample were mapped to the reference chicken genome (Galgal5). A total of 12,645 genes were expressed in the femur GP. Out of those, 314 were DE between groups, being 154 upregulated and 160 downregulated in FHS-affected broilers. In the functional analyses, several biological processes (BP) were overrepresented. Among them, those related to cell adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM), bone development, blood circulation and lipid metabolism, which are more related to chicken growth, are possibly involved with the onset of FHS. On the other hand, BP associated to apoptosis or cell death and immune response, which were also found in our study, could be related to the consequence of the FHS.ConclusionsGenes with potential role in the epiphysiolysis were identified through the femur head transcriptome analysis, providing a better understanding of the mechanisms that regulate bone development in fast-growing chickens. In this study, we highlighted the importance of cell adhesion and extracellular matrix related genes in triggering FHS. Furthermore, we have shown new insights on the involvement of lipidemia and immune response/inflammation with FHS in broilers. Understanding the changes in the GP transcriptome might support breeding strategies to address poultry robustness and to obtain more resilient broilers.

Locomotor problems are among one of the main concerns in the current poultry industry, causing major economic losses and affecting animal welfare. The most common bone anomalies in the femur are dyschondroplasia, femoral head separation (FHS), and bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO), also known as femoral head necrosis (FHN). The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes in the articular cartilage (AC) of normal and FHS-affected broilers by RNA-Seq analysis. In the transcriptome analysis, 12,169 genes were expressed in the femur AC. Of those, 107 genes were DE (FDR AvBD1, AvBD2, ANK1, EPX, ADA, RHAG) that could trigger changes in the broiler´s femoral growth plate was identified. Moreover, these results could be helpful to better understand FHN in chickens and possibly in humans.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-21 Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa The success of cattle tick fixation largely depends on the secretion of substances that alter the immune response of the host. The majority of these substances are expressed by the parasite salivary gland and secreted in tick saliva. It is known that hosts can mount immune responses against ticks and bovine European breeds, and bovine industrial crossbreeds are more susceptible to infestations than are Bos indicus cattle. To identify candidates for the development of novel control strategies for the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, a salivary gland transcriptome analysis of engorged females fed on susceptible or resistant hosts was performed. Using RNA-Seq, transcriptomes were de novo assembled and produced a total of 235,451 contigs with 93.3% transcriptome completeness. Differential expression analysis identified 137 sequences as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ticks raised on tick-susceptible or tick-resistant cattle. DEGs predicted to be secreted proteins include innexins, which are transmembrane proteins that form gap junction channels; the transporters Na+/dicarboxylate, Na+/tricarboxylate, and phosphate transporter and a putative monocarboxylate transporter; a phosphoinositol 4-phosphate adaptor protein; a cysteine-rich protein containing a trypsin inhibitor-like (TIL) domain; a putative defense protein 3 containing a reeler domain; and an F-actin-uncapping protein LRRC16A with a CARMIL_C domain; these genes were upregulated in ticks fed on tick-susceptible cattle. DEGs predicted to be non-secreted proteins included a small heat shock protein and the negative elongation factor B-like, both acting in a coordinated manner to increase HSP transcript levels in the salivary glands of the ticks fed on tick-susceptible cattle; the 26S protease regulatory subunit 6B and another chaperone with similarity to calnexin, also upregulated in ticks fed on tick-susceptible cattle; an EF-hand calcium binding protein and a serine carboxypeptidase (SCP), both involved in the blood coagulation cascade and upregulated in ticks fed on tick-susceptible cattle; and two ribosomal proteins, the 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2 and the 60S ribosomal protein L19. These results help to characterize cattle tick salivary gland gene expression in tick-susceptible and tick-resistant hosts and suggest new putative targets for the control of tick infestations, as those genes involved in the mechanism of stress response during blood feeding. Embrapa Agr Informat, Campinas, Brazil Univ Fed Pelotas, Programa Posgrad Biotecnol, CNPq 157460 2018 5, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Technol, Jaboticabal, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Technol, Jaboticabal, Brazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa: 01.11.07.002.03.00

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-11-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) on the performance and microbial composition of a two-stage UASB system treating coffee processing wastewater was assessed. The system was operated with OLR up to 18.2 g COD (L d)−1 and effluent recirculation. Methane production and effluent characteristics were monitored. The microbial composition was examined through next-generation sequencing and qPCR from the anaerobic sludge of the first reactor (R1) operated at low and high OLR. The system showed operational stability, obtaining a maximum methane production of 2.2 L CH4 (L d)−1, with a removal efficiency of COD and phenolic compounds of 84 and 73%, respectively. The performance of R1 at high OLR in steady conditions was associated with an appropriate proportion of nutrients (particularly Fe) and a marked increase of the syntrophic bacteria Syntrophus and Candidatus Cloacimonas, and acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, mainly Methanosaeta, Methanoculleus, Methanobacterium and Methanomassiliicoccus. Post-Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation Department of Rural Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal Faculty of Technology, Jaboticabal Embrapa Informática Agropecuária, Campinas Post-Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation Department of Rural Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal

Differential gene expression profiles and metabolic networks are valuable tools for the genetic characterization of agronomic traits. In this study, we used large-scale expression analyses to identify modified biological processes in caffeine-free coffee plants. The first step was the large-scale sequencing of RNA from young and developing tissues of caffeine-free plants (AC1) and plants with normal concentrations of the compound (MN). The resulting 65,000 sequences were analyzed in silico for identification of 171 genes with differential expression between treatments, and establishment of metabolic networks associated with levels of caffeine. Few genes were mapped onto metabolic pathways, indicating that low caffeine has no major effects on physiological processes. The differential expression observed in silico was validated for 12 selected genes in field experiments using qPCR. The expression profile of 5 genes differed on the analyses, and the rest confirmed the in silico profile. Among the validated genes two of them, FIG and LSM-l, may control other agronomic traits associated with low caffeine content in coffee tissues. These genes are potential markers for use in association with other current markers for assisted selection of low-caffeine coffee. Therefore, they may improve the efficiency and effectiveness of coffee breeding programs.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:02:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-06-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Drought is the abiotic stress that most influences the sugarcane energy production, and has become even more critical after sugarcane cultivation expanded to regions with water scarcity. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to develop and use cultivars that are more adapted to drought stress. The present work analyzed biometrics, physiological behavior and the gene expression profiles of sugarcane subjected to different periods of water deficit simulating field conditions. The cultivars SP81-3250 (drought-tolerant) and RB855453 (drought-sensitive) were cultivated in a greenhouse at three levels of soil–water potential (control, moderate and severe). The biometric, physiological and molecular characteristics of these cultivars were evaluated at 30, 60 and 90 days post-treatment. We found significant differences in the biometric and physiological parameters in response to the treatments. The de novo assembly of the transcriptomes allowed us to identify a total of 5236 genes that were exclusive to either of the two cultivars. We analyzed 2635 genes exclusive to the drought-tolerant cultivar and involved in the response to prolonged water deficit. Some of these genes showed a very interesting expression profile: DNA helicase, NAC proteins, E3 ligase, serine/threonine kinase and proteins of the salicylic acid pathway. This work also identified 39 orphan genes in the drought-tolerant cultivar that can be considered target genes for future studies regarding water stress. Departamento de Tecnologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Departamento de Engenharia Rural Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Laboratório Multiusuário de Bioinformática Embrapa Informática Agropecuária Centro Avançado da Pesquisa Tecnológica do Agronegócio de Cana (IAC/APTA) Departamento de Tecnologia Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Departamento de Engenharia Rural Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Studies evaluating the structure and diversity of bacterial communities in arid environments including the rhizosphere of local and adapted plant species are important. Therefore, we used a sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene for describing the structure and diversity of soil bacterial community in three zones: Agreste, Transition and Sertao. The bacterial community was clustered in 9,838 OTUs in Agreste, 8,388 OTUs in the transition, and 14,849 OTUs for Sertao. Among the most abundant phyla, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were abundant in Agreste and Sertao, respectively, while Actinobacteria were abundant in Transition and Sertao. Specifi c taxa of Proteobacteria, in Agreste, and Actinobacteria, in Sertao, exhibited differences according to biotic and abiotic conditions. Thus, the structure and diversity of bacterial community were different in these areas and were infl uenced by environmental and soil conditions.

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus has substantial economic impact on the cattle breeding industry and, chemical control and tick resistance development are the major concern. There is a worldwide search for new options, and control using vaccines has been the main focus nowadays. Studies performed in Brazil found that Bm86-based immunization of bovines reduced the infestation of R. (B.) microplus of vaccinated bovines by 45% to 60%. Native Boophilusmicroplus tripsin inhibitors (BmTIs) with trypsin-, kallikrein-, and elastase-inhibiting activities have been used as immunogens in bovines reaching 72.8.% of efficacy. The reverse vaccinology approach has also been used for antigen search using transcriptome analysis to identify and characterize potential antigens. Study has generated more than 600 million sequences using RNA-seq of larvae, nymphs, salivary glands, intestines, and ovaries of the tick R. (B) microplus. Based on the set of transcripts obtained using this strategy, a total of 20,326 protein sequences have been identified. A pipeline analysis built in house identified the protein sequences that were most likely to be immunogenic based on the overall structural characteristic analysis.

Sugarcane production is strongly influenced by drought, which is a limiting factor for agricultural productivity in the world. In this study, the gene expression profiles obtained by de novo assembly of the leaf transcriptome of two sugarcane cultivars that differ in their physiological response to water deficit were evaluated by the RNA-Seq method: drought-tolerant cultivar (SP81-3250) and drought-sensitive cultivar (RB855453). For this purpose, plants were grown in a greenhouse for 60 days and were then submitted to three treatments: control (-0.01 to -0.015 MPa), moderate water deficit (-0.05 to -0.055 MPa), and severe water deficit (-0.075 to -0.08 MPa). The plants were evaluated 30, 60, and 90 days after the beginning of treatment. Sequencing on an Illumina platform (RNA-Seq) generated more than one billion sequences, resulting in 177,509 and 185,153 transcripts for the tolerant and sensitive cultivar, respectively. These transcripts were aligned with sequences from Saccharum spp, Sorghum bicolor, Miscanthus giganteus, and Arabidopsis thaliana available in public databases. The differentially expressed genes detected during the prolonged period of water deficit permit to increase our understanding of the molecular patterns involved in the physiological response of the two cultivars. The tolerant cultivar differentially expressed a larger number of genes at 90 days, while in the sensitive cultivar the number of differentially expressed genes was higher in 30 days. Both cultivars perceived the lack of water, but the tolerant cultivar responded more slowly than the sensitive cultivar. The latter requires rapid activation of different water-deficit stress response mechanisms for its survival. This rapid activation of metabolic pathways in response to water stress does not appear to be the key mechanism of drought tolerance in sugarcane. There is still much to clarify on the molecular and physiological pattern of plants in response to drought. Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-18T23:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 APDenovoBelesinigmr.pdf: 2671244 bytes, checksum: 3d44fdea6f4ce2511339c190355611a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 Article gmr16028845.

The cachara (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum) is a Neotropical freshwater catfish from family Pimelodidae (Siluriformes) native to Brazil. The species is of relative economic importance for local aquaculture production and basic biological information is under development to help boost efforts to domesticate and raise the species in commercial systems. The complete cachara mitochondrial genome was obtained by assembling Illumina RNA-seq data from pooled samples. The full mitogenome was found to be 16,576 bp in length, showing the same basic structure, order, and genetic organization observed in other Pimelodidae, with 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rNA genes, 22 trNAs, and a control region. Observed base composition was 24.63% T, 28.47% C, 31.45% A, and 15.44% G. With the exception of NAD6 and eight tRNAs, all of the observed mitochondrial genes were found to be coded on the H strand. A total of 107 SNPs were identified in P. reticulatum mtDNA, 67 of which were located in coding regions. Of these SNPs, 10 result in amino acid changes. Analysis of the obtained sequence with 94 publicly available full Siluriformes mitogenomes resulted in a phylogenetic tree that generally agreed with available phylogenetic proposals for the order. The first report of the complete Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum mitochondrial genome sequence revealed general gene organization, structure, content, and order similar to most vertebrates. Specific sequence and content features were observed and may have functional attributes which are now available for further investigation.

The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus complex currently consists of five taxa, namely R. australis, R. annulatus, R. (B.) microplus clade A sensu, R. microplus clade B sensu, and R. (B.) microplus clade C sensu. Mitochondrial DNA-based methods help taxonomists when they are facing the morpho-taxonomic problem of distinguishing members of the R. (B.) microplus complex. The purpose of this study was to perform molecular characterization of ticks in all five regions of Brazil and infer their phylogenetic relationships. Molecular analysis characterized 10 haplotypes of the COX-1 gene. Molecular network analysis revealed that haplotype H-2 was the most dispersed of the studied populations (n = 11). Haplotype H-3 (n = 2) had the greatest genetic differentiation when compared to other Brazilian populations. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree of the COX-1 gene obtained strong support. In addition, it was observed that the population of R. (B.) microplus haplotype H-3 exhibited diverging branches among the other Brazilian populations in the study. The study concludes that the different regions of Brazil have R. (B.) microplus tick populations with distinct haplotypes. Resumo Carrapatos do complexo R. (B.) microplus se distribuem em cinco taxa: R. australis, R. annulatus, R. (B.) microplus clado A sensu R. microplus clado B sensue e R. (B.) microplus clado C sensu. Métodos baseados no DNA mitocondrial podem auxiliar taxonomistas quando há dificuldades em estabelecer diferenças morfológicas para distinguir membros do complexo R. (B.) microplus. O objetivo deste estudo foi a caracterização molecular e a inferência de relações filogenéticas em carrapatos de todas as cinco regiões geográficas do Brasil. Para o gene COX-1, a análise molecular caracterizou 10 haplótipos. Na análise molecular em rede foi observado que o haplótipo H-2 é o mais disperso entre as populações (n=11). O haplótipo H-3 (n=2) foi o que obteve maior diferenciação genética ao ser comparado com outras populações brasileiras. A árvore filogenética Bayesiana de gene COX-1 gerou suporte robusto e foi observado que a população de R. (B.) microplus haplótipo H-3 apresentou ramificação com divergência entre as outras populações brasileiras apresentadas neste estudo. Conclui-se que as populações brasileiras possuem diversidade haplotípica com divergência entre as diversas populações de R. (B.) microplus no Brasil.

Brazil is one of the largest beef producers and exporters in the world with the Nelore breed representing the vast majority of Brazilian cattle (Bos taurus indicus). Despite the great adaptability of the Nelore breed to tropical climate, meat tenderness (MT) remains to be improved. Several factors including genetic composition can influence MT. In this article, we report a genome-wide analysis of copy number variation (CNV) inferred from Illumina1 High Density SNP-chip data for a Nelore population of 723 males. We detected >2,600 CNV regions (CNVRs) representing 6.5% of the genome. Comparing our results with previous studies revealed an overlap in 1400 CNVRs (>50%). A total of 1,155 CNVRs (43.6%) overlapped 2,750 genes. They were enriched for processes involving guanosine triphosphate (GTP), previously reported to influence skeletal muscle physiology and morphology. Nelore CNVRs also overlapped QTLs for MT reported in other breeds (8.9%, 236 CNVRs) and from a previous study with this population (4.1%, 109 CNVRs). Two CNVRs were also proximal to glutathione metabolism genes that were previously associated with MT. Genome-wide association study of CN state with estimated breeding values derived from meat shear force identified 6 regions, including a region on BTA3 that contains genes of the cAMP and cGMP pathway. Ten CNVRs that overlapped regions associated with MT were successfully validated by qPCR. Our results represent the first comprehensive CNV study in Bos taurus indicus cattle and identify regions in which copy number changes are potentially of importance for the MT phenotype. Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-02T00:31:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pone.0157711.pdf: 1881794 bytes, checksum: 295c01f8a4b9690dd3bf6d9a3eff9c5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Mastitis is an inflammatory response in the mammary gland caused by an influx of somatic cells, composed mainly of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes. The speed and efficacy of the host’s immune response to the invasive pathogen affects the establishment, persistence and severity of the infection. To characterize the gene expression and response mechanism to infection by Streptococcus agalactiae ( S. agalactiae ) in zebu dairy cows of the Gyr breed, we carried out a transcriptome study of the cells present in the milk from 17 animals. Milk samples were collected before inoculation (hour 0) and 4, 9 and 24 h after inoculation of the bacteria into one of the quarters and at 0 and 24 h from one of the quarters not inoculated. The transcriptome analysis was done by the microarray and real-time PCR techniques. The microarray technique revealed the existence of 32 differentially expressed genes between inoculation and 4 h afterward. The validation of these results by real-time PCR was done for eight genes. Besides these eight genes, the expression of six others was evaluated by real-time PCR even though they did not present a significant difference by the microarray technique. Of the 14 genes analyzed by real-time PCR, all showed a significant difference in expression for at least one of the comparisons between times. This analysis indicated an increase in the expression of all the genes that presented a significant difference in relation to hour 0, with most of them presenting maximum expression 24 h after inoculation of the pathogen. Comparison of the gene expression between the inoculated and non-inoculated quarters showed greater expression in nine genes in the inoculated quarters. Analyses of gene networks revealed three modules with distinct characteristics 24 h after inoculation and showed that some mechanisms are altered in Gyr dairy cows after infection of the mammary gland by S. agalactiae . In this study it was possible to verify changes in the expression of at least 14 genes related to the immune response of zebuine animals against intramammary infection caused by S. agalactiae . These genes can play important roles in fighting intramammary infection and maintaining the tissue during infection.

High density genotyping panels have been used in a wide range of applications. From population genetics to genome-wide association studies, this technology still offers the lowest cost and the most consistent solution for generating SNP data. However, in spite of the application, part of the generated data is always discarded from final datasets based on quality control criteria used to remove unreliable markers. Some discarded data consists of markers that failed to generate genotypes, labeled as missing genotypes. A subset of missing genotypes that occur in the whole population under study may be caused by technical issues but can also be explained by the presence of genomic variations that are in the vicinity of the assayed SNP and that prevent genotyping probes from annealing. The latter case may contain relevant information because these missing genotypes might be used to identify population-specific genomic variants. In order to assess which case is more prevalent, we used Illumina HD Bovine chip genotypes from 1,709 Nelore (Bos indicus) samples. We found 3,200 missing genotypes among the whole population. NGS re-sequencing data from 8 sires were used to verify the presence of genomic variations within their flanking regions in 81.56% of these missing genotypes. Furthermore, we discovered 3,300 novel SNPs/Indels, 31% of which are located in genes that may affect traits of importance for the genetic improvement of cattle production.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:49:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052006000400003.pdf: 722782 bytes, checksum: 754e1d88d26d3c9100e96094625d2ba4 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:49:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-54052006000400003.pdf: 722782 bytes, checksum: 754e1d88d26d3c9100e96094625d2ba4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:00:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052006000400003.pdf: 722782 bytes, checksum: 754e1d88d26d3c9100e96094625d2ba4 (MD5) S0100-54052006000400003.pdf.txt: 51822 bytes, checksum: 46eb4f41156227f0b0cd08e1d2b3a538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:17:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052006000400003.pdf: 722782 bytes, checksum: 754e1d88d26d3c9100e96094625d2ba4 (MD5) S0100-54052006000400003.pdf.txt: 51822 bytes, checksum: 46eb4f41156227f0b0cd08e1d2b3a538 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:17:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-54052006000400003.pdf: 722782 bytes, checksum: 754e1d88d26d3c9100e96094625d2ba4 (MD5) S0100-54052006000400003.pdf.txt: 51822 bytes, checksum: 46eb4f41156227f0b0cd08e1d2b3a538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) A escaldadura da folha, causada pela bactéria Xanthomonas albilineans colonizadora do xilema, é uma das principais doenças da cana-de-açúcar. A sintomatologia na fase crônica é caracterizada principalmente pelo aparecimento de uma faixa branca paralela à nervura central da folha, que evolui até queimar totalmente, sendo também observado brotação de gemas laterais no colmo. Neste trabalho, a técnica de macroarranjos de cDNA foi empregada para o estudo da expressão de 3.575 ESTs (espressed sequence tags) em folhas de cana-de-açúcar. Foram utilizadas duas variedades, uma resistente (SP82-1176) e outra suscetível (SP78-4467) a Xanthomonas albilineans as quais foram infectadas mecanicamente por ferimentos. As membranas dos macroarranjos foram confeccionadas a partir de ESTs de bibliotecas de folha e cartucho de cana-de-açúcar provenientes do projeto SUCEST e hibridizadas contra sondas de cDNA de plantas infectadas e controle marcadas com isótopos radioativos. Analisando os resultados dos macroarranjos foi possível verificar um comportamento diferenciado para cada variedade durante o ataque do patógeno. Após realizadas análises estatísticas identificamos na variedade resistente ESTs com expressão induzida relacionadas com biossíntese de isoprenoides, proteínas LRR transmembrânica, ziper de leucina, lignificação, tolerância ao frio, diferenciação de plastídeos, sistemas de defesa e de adaptação da planta ao meio ambiente. As ESTs reprimidas na variedade resistente foram àquelas relacionadas com genes responsáveis pela síntese de proteínas do controle da expansão da parede celular, detoxificação e transporte de auxina. Na variedade susceptível foram reprimidas ESTs relacionadas a genes de proteínas das respostas de defesa da planta, biossíntese de Etileno e regulação da transcrição. The leaf scald disease, caused by the xylem-invading pathogen Xanthomonas albilineans, is one of the most devastating diseases of sugarcane. Chronic symptoms are characterized by white pencil-line streaks surrounding invaded leaf vascular bundles, which may result in fully burnt leaves, and by lateral bud development. In this work, using a macroarray approach, we analyzed the expression profile of 3,575 ESTs (expressed sequence tags) of sugarcane, in two sugarcane varieties, classified as susceptible (SP78-4467) or resistant (SP82-1176) to Xanthomonas albilineans infection. Membranes were constructed with ESTs from sugarcane leaf roll tissues and hybridized with radio labeled cDNAs from infected and non-infected sugarcane tissue. Data analysis showed a different pattern of expression during pathogen infection. This approach allowed the identification of differentially induced ESTs for proteins involved isoprenoid biosynthesis, transmembrane LRR protein, leucine zipper, lignification, cold tolerance, plant response and environmental adaptation in the resistant variety. Repressed ESTs in this variety were related to proteins involved in plant cellular expansion, detoxification, and auxin transport. In the susceptible variety, the differentially repressed ESTs were related to proteins involved in plant defense response, Ethylene biosynthesis, and transcription regulation. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal Departamento de Tecnologia Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal Departamento de Tecnologia

The Citrus leprosis disease (CiL) is associated to a virus (CiLV) transmitted by Brevipalpus spp. mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). CiL is endemic in Brazil and its recently spreading to Central America represents a threat to citrus industry in the USA. Electron microscopy images show two forms of CiLV: a rare nuclear form, characterized by rod-shaped naked particle (CiLV-N) and a common cytoplasmic form (CiLV-C) associated with bacilliform-enveloped particle and cytoplasmic viroplasm. Due to this morphological feature, CiLV-C has been treated as Rhabdovirus-like. In this paper we present the complete nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of CiLV-C. It is a bipartite virus with sequence similarity to ssRNA positive plant virus. RNA1 encodes a putative replicase polyprotein and an ORF with no known function. RNA2 encodes 4 ORFs. pl5, p24 and p61 have no significant similarity to any known proteins and p32 encodes a protein with similarity to a viral movement protein. The CiLV-C sequences are associated with typical symptoms of CiL by RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that CiLV-C is probably a member of a new family of plant virus evolutionarily related to Tobamovirus.

Citrus sudden death (CSD) is a new disease that has killed approximately 1 million orange trees in Brazil. Here we report the identification of a new virus associated with the disease. RNAs isolated from CSD-affected and nonaffected trees were used to construct cDNA libraries. A set of viral sequences present exclusively in libraries of CSD-affected trees was used to obtain the complete genome sequence of the new virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this virus is a new member of the genus Marafivirus . Antibodies raised against the putative viral coat proteins allowed detection of viral antigens of expected sizes in affected plants. Electron microscopy of purified virus confirmed the presence of typical isometric Marafivirus particles. The screening of 773 affected and nonaffected citrus trees for the presence of the virus showed a 99.7% correlation between disease symptoms and the presence of the virus. We also detected the virus in aphids feeding on affected trees. These results suggest that this virus is likely to be the causative agent of CSD. The virus was named Citrus sudden death-associated virus .

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:06:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000900015.pdf: 49088 bytes, checksum: d1a7fbbf19e30df27d1816356ffd81d0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:06:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000900015.pdf: 49088 bytes, checksum: d1a7fbbf19e30df27d1816356ffd81d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-11-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000900015.pdf: 49088 bytes, checksum: d1a7fbbf19e30df27d1816356ffd81d0 (MD5) S1516-35982002000900015.pdf.txt: 34595 bytes, checksum: 4d431bd7c64547f297e6cea6bcaee7fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-11-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000900015.pdf: 49088 bytes, checksum: d1a7fbbf19e30df27d1816356ffd81d0 (MD5) S1516-35982002000900015.pdf.txt: 34595 bytes, checksum: 4d431bd7c64547f297e6cea6bcaee7fd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000900015.pdf: 49088 bytes, checksum: d1a7fbbf19e30df27d1816356ffd81d0 (MD5) S1516-35982002000900015.pdf.txt: 34595 bytes, checksum: 4d431bd7c64547f297e6cea6bcaee7fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-11-01 Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar a influência do período de arraçoamento sobre parâmetros zootécnicos, desenvolvimento visceral e composição da carcaça de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 630 frangos da linhagem Cobb-500®, divididos em três programas de alimentação, a partir do 8º até o 50º dia de vida: ad libitum (AL - alimento durante 24 horas), arraçoamento diurno (AD - alimento à vontade das 7-19 h e restrito durante o período noturno 19-7 h) e arraçoamento noturno (AN - alimento à vontade das 19-7 h e restrito durante o período diurno 7-19h). A água foi fornecida à vontade para todos os grupos durante o período experimental. O período de arraçoamento (12 horas noturno ou diurno) reduziu significativamente o peso vivo final das aves. No entanto, aves arraçoadas durante o período noturno consumiram menos ração e mostraram melhor índice de conversão alimentar. O uso dos diferentes períodos de arraçoamento não afetou o desenvolvimento do fígado, moela, coração e comprimento do intestino. Aves arraçoadas por 12 horas, tanto no período noturno quanto no diurno, apresentaram maior teor de gordura na carcaça. O teor de cinzas não foi afetado pelo programa alimentar. Os resultados deste experimento sugerem que a adaptação ao novo programa alimentar foi muito lenta. Assim, as aves não foram capazes de manter o consumo de alimento compatível com seu desenvolvimento, ocorrendo com isso prejuízo no desempenho produtivo (peso vivo), bem como na composição da carcaça (gordura). This investigation was carried out to study the feeding period influence on broilers performance, viscera development, and carcass composition. A total of 630 broiler chickens, Cobb-500® strain, were allocated in three feeding programs from 8th day to 50th day of life: ad libitum (AL - food available 24 hours), diurnal feeding (DF - food provided ad libitum from 7 am to 7 pm and fed restricted from 7 pm to 7 am) and nocturnal feeding (NF- food provided ad libitum from 7 pm to 7 am and fed restricted from 7 am to 7 pm). The water was provided ad libitum for all groups during experimental period. The feeding period (12 hours at nocturnal and diurnal) significantly decreased the broilers' final body weight. However, broilers fed at night showed lower feed intake and had better feed conversion index. The different feeding periods did not affect liver, gizzard, heart and intestine length development. Broilers fed for 12 hours during the night and during the day showed higher carcass fat content. Ash content was not affected by feeding program. The results suggested that the adaptation to feeding program was slow, thus, the broilers were not able to keep the feed consumption compatible with their development, with lower productive performance and higher carcass fat. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Depto. de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal UNESP FCAV curso de Zootecnia UNESP FCAV UNESP FCAV Depto. de Cências Exatas UNESP FMVZ Depto. de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal UNESP FCAV curso de Zootecnia UNESP FCAV UNESP FCAV Depto. de Cências Exatas UNESP FMVZ Depto. de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:55:31Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:55:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-02-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:48:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-02-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:15:34Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:15:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-02-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Estudaram-se o efeito do estresse térmico sobre a temperatura cloacal, a perda de peso corporal e a expressão da proteína de estresse de 70 kDa (Hsp70) em três genótipos de galinhas de pescoço-pelado. Foram usadas 12 aves de cada genótipo (Na/Na, Na/na e na/na), com peso corporal médio de 2,100kg e criadas em temperatura termoneutra. Seis aves de cada grupo serviram como controle e as seis restantes foram submetidas a estresse térmico gradativo (28ºC - 36ºC). A temperatura cloacal e o peso das aves foram avaliados antes e depois do estresse. Amostras de fígado foram coletadas e os níveis de Hsp70 foram quantificados por western blotting com anticorpo monoclonal específico para Hsp70 de galinha. As aves heterozigotas (Na/na) tiveram variação de temperatura cloacal significativamente menor e menor perda de peso corporal durante o estresse térmico do que as dos outros genótipos. Não foi observada diferença significativa (P>0,05) para o aumento de Hsp70 no fígado. Aves heterozigotas parecem ter pequena vantagem sobre os outros genótipos durante estresse térmico gradativo, talvez devido ao efeito de heterose. The variation in cloacal temperature, body weight loss and expression of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) in three naked neck broiler genotypes during heat stress were studied. Twelve birds of each genotype (Na/Na, Na/na and na/na) were reared to market weight (approximately 2.1kg) at thermoneutral temperature. Six birds from each group served as controls and the remaining six underwent gradual heat stress (from 28ºC to 36ºC). Cloacal temperature and body weight were measured before and after exposure to heat. Liver samples were collected and Hsp70 levels were quantified using western blotting with monoclonal anti-chicken Hsp70 antibody. Heterozygous (Na/na) birds had a significantly lower cloacal temperature variation and less body weight loss during heat stress than the other genotypes. There was no significant difference in the Hsp70 levels among the genotypes. Heterozygous birds (Na/na) appeared to have a slight advantage over the other genotypes during gradual heat stress, perhaps because of a heterotic effect. UNESP-Jaboticabal Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias USP - Piracicaba, SP Escola Superior de Agricultura Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Federal de Pelotas-UFPel Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel Departamento de Zootecnia UNESP-Jaboticabal Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias

Background A successful development of herbivorous insects into plant tissues depends on coordination of metabolic processes. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to recognize such attacks, and to trigger a defense response. To understand the transcriptional basis of this response, we compare gene expression profiles of two coffee genotypes, susceptible and resistant to leaf miner (Leucoptera coffella). A total of 22000 EST sequences from the Coffee Genome Database were selected for a microarray analysis. Fluorescence probes were synthesized using mRNA from the infested and non-infested coffee plants. Array hybridization, scanning and data normalization were performed using Nimble Scan® e ArrayStar® platforms. Genes with foldchange values +/-2 were considered differentially expressed. A validation of 18 differentially expressed genes was performed in infected plants using qRT-PCR approach. Results The microarray analysis indicated that resistant plants differ in gene expression profile. We identified relevant transcriptional changes in defense strategies before insect attack. Expression changes (>2.00-fold) were found in resistant plants for 2137 genes (1266 up-regulated and 873 down-regulated). Up-regulated genes include those responsible for defense mechanisms, hypersensitive response and genes involved with cellular function and maintenance. Also, our analyses indicated that differential expression profiles between resistant and susceptible genotypes are observed in the absence of leaf-miner, indicating that defense is already build up in resistant plants, as a priming mechanism. Validation of selected genes pointed to four selected genes as suitable candidates for markers in assisted-selection of novel cultivars. Conclusions Our results show evidences that coffee defense responses against leaf-miner attack are balanced with other cellular functions. Also analyses suggest a major metabolic reconfiguration that highlights the complexity of this response.

In this paper, we study the behavior of immune memory against antigenic mutation. Using a dynamic model proposed in previous studies, we have performed simulations of several inoculations, where in each virtual sample the viral population undergoes mutations. Our results suggest that the sustainability of the immunizations is dependent on viral variability and that the memory lifetimes are not random, what contradicts what was suggested by recent works. We show that what may cause an apparent random behavior of the immune memory is the antigenic variability.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:04:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1415-47572004000100007.pdf: 100447 bytes, checksum: 093d8cc5e5712b9614aa330032b1ccf5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:04:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1415-47572004000100007.pdf: 100447 bytes, checksum: 093d8cc5e5712b9614aa330032b1ccf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:55:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1415-47572004000100007.pdf: 100447 bytes, checksum: 093d8cc5e5712b9614aa330032b1ccf5 (MD5) S1415-47572004000100007.pdf.txt: 27533 bytes, checksum: 80154f5f5bad8dd8216a6c69988fbaa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:15:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1415-47572004000100007.pdf: 100447 bytes, checksum: 093d8cc5e5712b9614aa330032b1ccf5 (MD5) S1415-47572004000100007.pdf.txt: 27533 bytes, checksum: 80154f5f5bad8dd8216a6c69988fbaa0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:15:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1415-47572004000100007.pdf: 100447 bytes, checksum: 093d8cc5e5712b9614aa330032b1ccf5 (MD5) S1415-47572004000100007.pdf.txt: 27533 bytes, checksum: 80154f5f5bad8dd8216a6c69988fbaa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The hepatic expression and plasma concentrations of IGF-I were investigated in three broiler chicken strains selected for different growth rates (HP-Hubbard-Pettersen, a fast growing strain; NN-Naked-neck, a strain with an intermediate growth rate and a heterozygous genotype, and C-Caipira, a slow growing crossbred strain). The chickens were studied at 1, 21 and 42 days of age and had free access to food throughout the study. Hepatic IGF-I mRNA expression was assessed by dot blot analysis using a randomly labeled chicken IGF-I cDNA as the probe and plasma IGF-I concentrations were assayed by radioimmunoassay. The hepatic levels of IGF-I mRNA increased from 1 to 21 days of age in all strains, with NN chickens showing a higher (p < 0.05) IGF-I expression than the other strains. Plasma IGF-I concentrations increased (p < 0.05) with broiler chicken age, but there were no significant differences among the strains. These results indicate that despite differences in the growth rates among the strains, the changes in the expression of IGF-I mRNA in liver and in the plasma levels of IGF-I were independent of broiler chicken strain, but varied with chicken age. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:46:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf: 552417 bytes, checksum: d06336e99aaaef70b0304d828dbdd649 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf: 552417 bytes, checksum: d06336e99aaaef70b0304d828dbdd649 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf: 552417 bytes, checksum: d06336e99aaaef70b0304d828dbdd649 (MD5) S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf.txt: 26116 bytes, checksum: 53bc1b46bc442eb00aa0d0d3f4669b31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:17:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf: 552417 bytes, checksum: d06336e99aaaef70b0304d828dbdd649 (MD5) S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf.txt: 26116 bytes, checksum: 53bc1b46bc442eb00aa0d0d3f4669b31 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:17:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf: 552417 bytes, checksum: d06336e99aaaef70b0304d828dbdd649 (MD5) S0100-204X2003000600005.pdf.txt: 26116 bytes, checksum: 53bc1b46bc442eb00aa0d0d3f4669b31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito do nível energético da dieta no desempenho e nos níveis hormonais após um período de restrição alimentar. O experimento foi em parcelas subdivididas, com os tratamentos principais em um esquema fatorial 2x2. O consumo de ração das aves foi reduzido em 30% em relação ao grupo controle, do 7º ao 14º dia de idade, sendo posteriormente alimentadas ad libitum com dietas contendo baixa (2.900 kcal EM/kg) ou alta energia (3.200 kcal EM/kg), até os 49 dias de idade. Aves alimentadas com o maior nível energético mostraram um menor consumo de ração, melhor conversão alimentar e decréscimo na quantidade de proteína da carcaça. A gordura abdominal e total da carcaça não foram afetadas pelo nível energético ou programa alimentar, assim como o peso corporal aos 49 dias de idade. Os níveis séricos do fator de crescimento tipo insulina-1 (FCI-1) foram reduzidos durante a restrição, mas aumentou com a realimentação. O programa alimentar e o nível energético não afetaram as concentrações de T3, T4 e hormônio de crescimento. A restrição alimentar em 30% do consumo ad libitum não é suficiente para promover alterações na qualidade da carcaça nem nas concentrações dos hormônios metabólicos, com exceção do FCI-1, que apresenta um rápido aumento após a restrição. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of diet energy level on performance and hormonal profiles of broilers during post restriction period. It was a split-plot experiment, and the main treatments were in a 2x2 factorial scheme. Birds were fed restricted to 30% of the ad libitum intake, from 7 to 14 days of age. After the restriction period, birds were fed ad libitum with diets containing low (2,900 kcal ME/kg) or high (3,200 kcal ME/kg) energy until 49 days of age. Broilers fed with high energy ration showed lower feed intake and better feed conversion and decreased carcass protein; however, abdominal fat pad, and total carcass fat were not affected by ration energy levels or feeding program. Neither diet energy level nor feed restriction program changed body weight at 49 days. The profile of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was reduced during the feed restriction period, but increased at refeeding period. Feeding program and ration energy level did not affect T3, T4 and growth hormone serum concentrations. Feed restriction at 30% of ad libitum intake is not enough to promote changes on carcass quality, related to fat deposition, and on metabolic hormone levels, except IGF-1 seric level that has rapid increase after feed restriction. Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Tecnologia Unesp Dep. de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Tecnologia Unesp Dep. de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:46:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf: 137531 bytes, checksum: 7016424679f994ec7270f190e7c1b28c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:46:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf: 137531 bytes, checksum: 7016424679f994ec7270f190e7c1b28c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:36:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf: 137531 bytes, checksum: 7016424679f994ec7270f190e7c1b28c (MD5) S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf.txt: 25475 bytes, checksum: caa486e30d87ef0104eee26fe8b3ac31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:15:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf: 137531 bytes, checksum: 7016424679f994ec7270f190e7c1b28c (MD5) S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf.txt: 25475 bytes, checksum: caa486e30d87ef0104eee26fe8b3ac31 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:15:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf: 137531 bytes, checksum: 7016424679f994ec7270f190e7c1b28c (MD5) S0100-204X2002000700002.pdf.txt: 25475 bytes, checksum: caa486e30d87ef0104eee26fe8b3ac31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-07-01 O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do nível de restrição alimentar sobre o ganho compensatório e composição da carcaça de frangos Ross. Foram utilizados frangos machos, submetidos a restrição alimentar quantitativa de 30% e 70% do consumo diário das aves alimentadas ad libitum, entre o 8º e o 14º dias de idade e realimentados ad libitum até 42 dias de idade, em um experimento inteiramente casualizado, segundo um esquema em parcelas subdivididas, tendo como parcelas o programa alimentar (ad libitum, restrição 30% e 70%) e subparcelas a idade das aves (dias). O ganho de peso, peso da carcaça, peso do intestino e quantidade total de gordura dos frangos restritos a 70% foram significativamente menores aos 42 dias de idade; no entanto, não foram verificadas diferenças significativas quanto a estes parâmetros entre frangos restritos em 30% e os alimentados ad libitum. A conversão alimentar, o comprimento do intestino e a gordura abdominal não foram afetados pelo programa alimentar. Os resultados obtidos nestes experimentos evidenciam que frangos de corte submetidos a restrição alimentar de 30% apresentaram ganho compensatório durante o período de realimentação; no entanto, a restrição de 70% é muito severa, afetando de forma negativa tanto o desempenho quanto a qualidade da carcaça dos frangos. The present experiment was conducted to study the influence of feed restriction levels on compensatory gain and carcass composition of broiler. Ross male chickens from 1 to 42 days of age were used. The experiment was performed in a split-plot design in which main plots were the feeding program (ad libitum, fed restricted at 30% and 70%) and broilers age as sub-plots. Feed restriction was applied during the second week (8th to 14th day of age) when birds were restricted to 30% and 70% of ad libitum intake. Before and after the feed restriction period, broilers were fed ad libitum. Weight gain, carcass weight, intestine weight and total fat of broilers restricted at 70% were significantly lower at 42 days of age; however, significant differences were not verified for these parameters between birds restricted at 30% and those fed ad libitum. Feed:gain ratio, intestine length and abdominal fat were not affected by feeding program. These results provide evidence that broilers fed restricted at 30% presented compensatory gain during the refeeding period, and that feed restriction at 70% is too severe, affecting negatively the performance and carcass quality of broiler. Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista Fac. de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Dep. de Ciências Exatas