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The North Water Polynya is one of the most productive Arctic regions on Earth, sustaining the world's northernmost Inuit communities for millennia. The polynya is a large and persistent region of open water surrounded by sea ice and exhibits high primary productivity, is a biodiversity hotspot, and is a key habitat and migration corridor for Arctic species. Many aspects of the ecosystem structure and the role of resident species in the North Water Polynya remain uncertain. To shed light on these, we developed the first representation of the North Water Polynya food web using the Ecopath modelling framework. Modelled trophic flows indicated that pelagic and benthic communities were primarily connected by Age 1+ Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), walrus (Odobenus rosmarus), and ringed seal (Pusa hispida). Large copepods, Age 1+ Arctic cod, and bivalves were key prey species. Overall productivity in the North Water Polynya was higher compared to Western Baffin Bay and Western Greenland, corroborating expectations of relatively high productivity within the polynya. This model provides a baseline description of the North Water Polynya ecosystem structure and function prior to future climate-driven food web changes and the emergence of large-scale commercial fisheries.

The implications of Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Financial Relations between the Central Government and Regional Governments, are improvements to Law Number 28 of 2009 concerning Regional Taxes and Regional Levies. In Law Number 1 of 2022, there are changes to the components of regional tax types in districts/cities in Indonesia, one of the aims of which is to increase the regional PAD. The seriousness of the Regency/City Government in implementing the regulations in this Law will be very beneficial for regional income from the tax sector. For this reason, research was carried out on the following problems: First, what is the regional government's view of the implications of Law Number 1 of 2022 in West Sumatra? Second, how is the implementation of Law Number 1 of 2022 regarding the existence of Regional Taxes in West Sumatra? Third, what are the obstacles faced and the solutions implemented in implementing Law Number 1 of 2022 in West Sumatra? To answer the research focus, this research uses empirical juridical research methods with research specifications from the West Sumatra Bapenda, Padang City Government Bapenda and West Pasaman Regency Bapenda, and is analyzed through literature review and data analysis methods using qualitative-juridical. A number of stages must be carried out by the government, such as completing the drafting of implementing Regional Regulations as intended in the a quo statutory regulations, conducting regional potential studies with consultants to determine the potential for regional tax revenue in the Regency/City, then carrying out socialization to the community as mandatory taxes, as well as technical guidance to tax collector employees within the Regional Government Organization (OPD) in order to maximize the potential of regional wealth in Regencies/Cities in West

Smilax myosotiflora is a wild creeping plant that was scientifically proven to possess antioxidant, aphrodisiac and synergistic effects. However, the composition of the plant can be varied by locations and this will affect the efficacy of the plant bioactivities. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the morphology, and the compositions of nutritional and chemical in the plant from different regions in Malaysia. S. myosotiflora was collected from Kelantan, Perak, and Pahang rainforests. The morphology and nutritional composition of the plant were determined through SEM-EDX and proximate analysis accordingly. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid compounds (TFC) were determined while the GC-MS analyses were run on the plant for its chemical profile. It was found that the morphologies of S. myosotiflora tubers were comparable among different areas. Carbon, oxygen and potassium were the main elements with only a low intensity of calcium detected on the surfaces of the Kelantan tubers. S. myosotiflora were significantly different in nutritional compounds but not in TPC and TFC between the samples. There were 15 identical compounds detected in the chloroform extract of S. myosotiflora samples, where 2-methyl-7- phenylindole was the most abundant. Considering the highest TPC, TFC and the most ingredients obtained through the GC-MS, Perak is the best location to harvest and promote the cultivation of S. myosotiflora plant. However, more studies should be performed on S. myosotiflora to explore more benefits for the pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors.

At PT. Asia Pacific Fibers Tbk., the growth of polyester production industries is anticipated to enable the production of high-quality fiber in response to client demand. One of the divisions in charge of reviewing client complaints about thread sample issues is client Technical Service. In order to analyze the sample complaints, a lengthy procedure of reviewing the history of consumer purchases of yarn samples in a summary of the customer complaint list book was undertaken. In order to handle the process of processing customer complaints regarding thread samples by implementing the Laravel Framework, an application is required. The Laravel framework is an open source platform that aids in the speedy, reliable, and simple development of applications. Lean Software Development (LSD), which is based on the Agile Development model, is complicated in how Laravel handles coding on the Hypertext Preprocessor. the process that includes phases for needs analysis, design, system implementation, and testing. Blackbox is used to test application functionalities before User approval Testing (UAT) is done to gauge user approval of new apps. The Laravel Framework's UAT test results, which were attained by 85% in the building of consumer thread example complaint applications, can assist businesses in managing customer complaint data and adhering to business requirements.

Abstract Background The use of naso‐esophageal feeding tubes (NFT) at home could represent an alternative way to reduce the costs for owners and facilitate enteral feeding until recovery of a spontaneous appetite. Objective To describe the use of NFT at home in dogs and cats and evaluate the satisfaction of owners and their capacity to handle the device. Animals One hundred nineteen client‐owned animals (90 cats and 29 dogs) which remained anorexic during hospitalization and were discharged with NFT for at least 24 hours after placement. Methods Medical records were reviewed retrospectively, and owners were contacted by telephone calls. Complications were reported according to their relative severity (minor and major). Owners were asked to report their experience and comfort with NFT management. Results Naso‐esophageal feeding tubes were kept in place at home for a median of 6 days (range, 1‐17) and 62.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.3‐70.7) of animals recovered a spontaneous appetite while wearing NFT, 60% (95% CI: 44.4‐75.6) of the remaining animals recovered a spontaneous appetite after removal. Overall complication rate was 65.5% (95% CI: 57.0‐74.0), but only 18.5% (95% CI: 11.5‐25.5) required a consultation and no life‐threatening complication occurred. Owners were satisfied in 94.1% (95% CI: 89.9‐98.3) of cases. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Although most animals discharged with NFT at home presented complications, no major adverse effects were reported and NFT were easily handled by owners. This study provides evidence that NFT can be well tolerated at home.

Abstract Background Compared to humans, colorectal polyps are relatively rare in dogs. Epidemiological and prognostic data remain accordingly sparse, although they could help veterinary clinicians in the management of these cases. Objectives To report the epidemiological data of dogs with colorectal polyps and identify factors associated with recurrence and survival. Animals Fifty‐eight client‐owned dogs with colorectal polyps admitted to 7 veterinary hospitals (53 dogs from France, 5 dogs from Spain, and 4 dogs from Portugal) were included. Methods Retrospective multicentric cohort study. Medical records and long‐term outcome of the dogs were reviewed. When available, histological samples were reassessed by 2 board‐certified pathologists according to the revised Vienna classification (RVC). Results The West Highland White Terrier (WHWT) breed was significantly associated with the presence of colorectal polyps (OR: 20; 95% CI: 7.5‐52; P

The objective of this research is to find out the language shift in one of Sundanese dialects known as Bantenese (SBD) and the reasons underlied, in the spoken area of South Tangerang, which could bring to endangered of extinction. The SBD is spoken by the native in South Tangerang in several areas along Cisadane river which is adjacent to Tangerang district. The observation was carried out on two things, namely the use of SBD words among the native speakers and the use of Sundanese among children. This is a qualitative-descriptive research using participant observation and informal interviews. Observations were made in six sub-districts, where the majority of the native people are Sundanese. The observation involved observation, interview, taking notes, and recording techniques. The results showed that there was language shift in SBD among the Sundanese ethnic population in South Tangerang. The main reason is the negative perspective of speakers of SBD. As the consequence, the language is not transmitted to next generation thus led to endangerement.

Abstract Unilateral termination of employment by PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok was the result of a strike by workers demanding unpaid overtime wages from 2016 to 2022. Government involvement, in the form of monitoring and supervising the termination of employment and the fulfillment of workers' rights by companies, particularly by the local Manpower Office, is necessary. The issues addressed in this research are: 1) The mechanism of employment termination carried out by PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok; 2) The fulfillment of the rights of workers affected by the employment termination by PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok; and 3) The actions taken by the Solok District Manpower Office in response to the employment termination by PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok. To address these issues, a normative empirical research method is used, which involves examining the implementation of regulations and how they are applied in society. Both primary and secondary data are used, collected through interviews and document studies. Based on the research results, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The mechanism of employment termination by PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok is considered unilateral and not in accordance with the reasons stated in Article 153 and Article 154A of the Manpower Law, as updated by the Job Creation Law; 2) The company has provided severance pay and compensation to the workers affected by the employment termination, but the amounts are not appropriate for the workers; and 3) The Solok District Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service and Manpower Office has attempted to resolve the dispute by summoning both parties before mediation and holding several meetings with the management of PT Tirta Investama (Aqua) Solok to advocate for the rights of terminated workers in a mutually beneficial manner.

Objectives: To assess health-related quality of life (QoL) in caregivers of elderly patients with chronic disabilities receiving, or not receiving, social worker support.Methods: This multicenter open-label randomized study assigned caregivers to receive an information booklet, exclusively, or with social worker support. Caregivers completed Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale quarterly, and Zarit Burden Interview each semester, for 24 months. We reported caregiver QoL mean changes at 12 and 24 months (M12, M24). Longitudinal QoL analysis up to M24 used mixed models for repeated measures (MMRM).Results: Among the 179 caregivers randomized from 2015 to 2019, the SF-36 physical and mental component summary showed no significant changes at M12 and M24, in terms of neither anxiety nor burden. However, depression significantly increased (M12: 1.4 ± 4.0; M24: 1.7 ± 4.1) with significant adjusted mean increase using MMRM at M24: 3.4 [0.6–2.5] in the control group, exclusively.Conclusion: These findings call for better recognition of the social support to prevent caregiver QoL deterioration and alleviate their depression early in the course of the disease.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02626377.

Cet article cherche à retrouver les sources idéologiques, littéraires, folkloriques et démonologiques qui ont convergé dans la construction du personnage de la duchesse imaginé par Cervantès dans Segunda parte del ingenioso caballero don Quijote de la Mancha (1615). Pourquoi la « Señora » du palais aragonais est-elle une « chasseuse » ? Pourquoi son domaine de prédilection semble être la nuit ? Avec son entourage de fêtards déments, la « lucífera » semble désigner cette société courtoise (digne de Lope?) qui n'a pas reconnu la valeur de Cervantès et qui, dans cette emblématique et nocturne « casa de placer », se complaît dans une oisiveté vile et anti-chevaleresque.

The purpose of this research is to develop teaching materials for beginning reading using pop-up book media that are valid, practical, and effective. The research method used is a 4D model including Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The teaching materials developed were analyzed by a team of experts. The research subjects were class II students. Practically, teaching materials are obtained through questionnaires for teacher and student responses. The effectiveness of teaching materials is seen from the control of student activities and learning outcomes. The results of the validation analysis are 86.84 very valid categories, the results of the practicality test are average and 91.64 are very practical categories and the effectiveness test results are obtained an average of 96 with very high categories Based on these results, it can be concluded that the initial reading teaching materials using pop up book media developed for Grade II Elementary School students are valid, practical, and effective.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan menyimak siswa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurang tepatnya bahan ajar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak siswa. Mengembangkan bahan ajar menyimak berbasis media audio visual diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak siswa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dikembangkan bahan ajar menyimak berbasis media audio visual dengan pengintegrasikan pendidikan karakter positif peserta didik kelas V sekolah dasar. Tujuan yang hendaknya dicapai dalam pengembangan bahan ajar ini adalah untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar menyimak berbasis media audio visual yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan (research and development). Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu model 4-D yang terdiri dari tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (development), dan penyebaran (disseminate). Data penelitian dari uji validitas diperoleh melalui lembar validasi RPP dan bahan ajar. Data kepraktisan dikumpul melalui lembar observasi keterlaksanaan RPP dan angket respon guru serta siswa. Keefektifan dilihat dari aktivitas dan proses hasil belajar siswa berupa penilaian karakter dan keterampilan menyimak siswa. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dari uji validitas yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dihasilkan sangat valid. Hasil observasi, angket, dan wawancara dengan guru juga menyatakan bahwa bahan ajar ini praktis. Pada tahap uji efektivitas, didapatkan hasil rata-rata. Hasil penilaian keterampilan menyimak berbasis media audio visual siswa untuk penilaian keterampilan proses juga telah berada pada kategori sangat baik, dan didapatkan hasil bahwa 93% siswa mampu menyimak berbasis media audio visual. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar menyimak berbasis media audio visual untuk kelas V SD yang telah dihasilkan dapat dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif.

Most of the cutting models developed in the literature attest only to the presence of cutting forces in the balance of mechanical energy resulting from cutting. However, several studies [1–4] have highlighted the presence of cutting moments during machining, and particularly for milling. From a theoretical point of view, a complete energy balance must integrate all the components of the mechanical actions (forces and moments). The predictive model of this study proposes to characterize the evolution of the moments in the cutting zone for milling. The objective is to determine a model similar to the cutting forces which expresses a relationship with the chip section define by the Kc coefficient but by integrating the specific behavior of the moments. This work gives perspectives from an energetic point of view for which the part of moments in the energy balance could be substantial for specific configurations as small-radius tools or high-speed milling.

Background: Flaxseed promotes bone health and possibly induces bone regeneration. However, the capacity of flaxseed to induce the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts remains unreported. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effects of flaxseed extract on the osteoblast differentiation potential of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Methods: SHED cultured in osteoblast induction media (OIM) were treated with 4 mg/mL flaxseed extract. RNA was collected and extracted with Total RNA Mini Kit (Geneaid) from cells cultured at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 and subjected to reverse-transcriptase PCR for osteoblast markers (OSX, OCN, and DMP1). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined by ALP assay, and Alizarin Red-S staining was performed to evaluate calcium deposition in SHED. Results: All osteoblast markers were expressed in all samples analyzed. OSX expression was reduced in the SHED treated with flaxseed extract. In addition, the SHED treated with flaxseed extract had lower ALP activity than the control (p < 0.05). Calcium deposition was positive in the SHED cultured in OIM only. Conclusions: Flaxseed can reduce the expression of osteoblast markers, ALP activity, and calcium deposition in SHED. Thus, flaxseed potentially inhibits the osteoblast differentiation of SHED.

Stunting is caused by multidimensional factors and not only caused by malnutrition experienced by pregnant women and children under five years. This research is library research. The results of the study stated that the stunting problem occurs starting from the womb and will be seen when the child reaches the age of two years, some of the effects of stunting can be seen, among others, impaired child height and weight growth, child growth and development is not optimal, does not have a good effect. on children's intelligence and learning abilities, and children are susceptible to disease. The most decisive intervention to reduce the prevalence of stunting, therefore, needs to be carried out in the first 1,000 days of a toddler's life, including good nutrition for pregnant women which of course is also needed by the baby in the womb, healthy food intake and nutrition as a complementary food for breast milk for children - children (make sure children get good nutrition, especially during pregnancy until the age of 1000 children), maintain a clean environment and most importantly provide awareness to parents, especially mothers to have the knowledge and apply good parenting for children.

A 2-year-long time series of currents and acoustic backscatter from an acoustic Doppler current profiler, moored over the eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope from October 2003 to September 2005, were used to assess the dynamics and variability of the sound-scattering layer. It has been shown that acoustic backscatter is dominated by a synchronized diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton. Our results show that DVM timings (i) were synchronous with sunlight and (ii) were modified by moonlight and sea ice, which attenuates light transmission to the water column. Moreover, DVM is modified or completely disrupted during highly energetic current events. Thicker ice observed during winter–spring 2005 lowered the backscatter values but favored extending DVM toward the midnight sun. In contrast to many previous studies, DVM occurred through the intermediate water layer during the ice-free season of the midnight sun in 2004. In 2005, the midnight-sun DVM was likely impacted by a high acoustic scattering generated by suspended particles. During full moon at low cloud cover, the nighttime moonlight illuminance led to zooplankton avoidance of the subsurface layer, disrupting DVM. Moreover, DVM was disrupted by upwelling, downwelling, and eddy passing. We suggest that these deviations are consistent with DVM adjusting to avoid enhanced water dynamics. For upwelling and downwelling, zooplankton likely respond to the along-slope water dynamics dominated by surface- and depth-intensified flow, respectively. This drives zooplankton to adjust DVM by aggregating in the low or upper intermediate water layer for upwelling and downwelling, respectively. The baroclinic eddy reversed DVM below the eddy core.

The purpose of this teaching material development is to produce a teaching material that is a valid, practical, and effective oriented description of Guided Writing. This type of development study with model 4-D models consisting of definition define, design, development, and dissemination (disseminate). Research Data from validity tests is obtained through RPP validation sheets and teaching materials. Practicality Data is collected through an observation sheet of RPP implementation and a response to the teacher and student responses. The effectiveness of students ' learning activities and processes in the form of character assessment and student writing skills. Collected Data is analyzed descriptively. Results of the study of the validity of the instrument teaching materials obtained 98.04 categorized very valid. The results of observations, polls, and interviews with teachers also stated that this teaching material is practical. The results of the effectiveness of teaching materials based on trials and the dissemination of skills assessment of the students ' descriptions for the assessment of the process skills have also been in excellent categories, and the results of the results from the 95.19 trial acquisition in the dissemination process obtained the 95.75 value. The acquisition shows that the teaching materials of a guided strategy-oriented description of the class IV SD that has been produced can be declared valid, practical, and effective.

This research is motivated by the low ability in writing Pantun for elementary school students. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of the ability to write pantun for elementary school students using the field trip method. This research was a classroom action research carried out in grade 5 of SDN 01 Nan Sabaris, Padang Pariaman Regency consisting of 30 students. The research procedure consisted of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. Data collection techniques used the method of observation, measurement of learning test results and documentation. Data analysis techniques consisted of quantitative data. Quantitative data used to analyze the results of the ability to write Pantun by measuring the percentage of mastery learning and class average. The results showed that the students' initial ability score in writing rhymes was 67.00, cycle I got a score of 72.00, and cycle II got a score of 83.00. This research proved that there was an increase in the ability to write rhymes for elementary school students using the field trip method. The implication of this research is to be used as a reference for teachers in implementing the learning process of Pantun writing for elementary school students.

Reading is one of the most fundamental skills a child needs to learn to succeed in life. Developing good reading habits is vital to your child’s future not just academically, but in everyday life as well. It is responsible of all parties, parents, school and government or child care observer in improving the ability children’s reading. In the other hand, there are large number of children’s story books which are labeled according to the age and level of the child’s own development, but in fact incompatible with their age. The children’s story books in the form of short stories, novels or comics are dominated by foreign markets such as Walt Disney series, Japan comics series , and many more. This is one of the reasons why the theme of this study is selected. Children need to be given reading materials that are appropriate with their age and closed to their tradition so young learners have a responsibility towards the surrounding environment and they also grow their love for the region they live in. One of the best resources for reading material is story book based on oral story of local tradition. The purpose of this research is to develop the oral story of local tradition from Samiran village, Selo sub-district, Central Java to supporting the literacy program especially in reading. The research applied was Research and Development and located in Samiran village Central Java. The subjects of this study was 20 children in Pertiwi Kindergarten Samiran, level Kindergarten B at the aged of 5 – 6 year. Keywords: children’s story book; oral story of local tradition; literacy program References A, T. (1984). Sastra dan Ilmu Sastra. Dunia Pustaka Jaya. Amirrachman, A. (2007). Revitalisasi Kearifan Lokal: Studi Resolusi Konflik di Kalimantan Barat, Maluku, dan Poso. Jakarta: ICIP dan Eropean Commision. 2007. Danandjaja. (2005). Folklor Indonesia: Ilmu gosip, dongeng dan lain-lainnya [Indonesian Folklore: The study on gossip, fairy tale, and others]. Jakarta, Graffiti. Graffiti, Jakarta, 2005. Finnegan, R. (1992). Oral Tradition and the Verbal Art: A Guide to Research Practice. London: Routledge. Routledge,London, 1992. Imroatun, I. (2018). Alternatif Media Pengembangan Literasi Baca Tulis Berbahasa Nasional Bagi Siswa Raudlatul Athfal. Al Hikmah Proceedings on Islamic Early Childhood Education, 103–112. Imroatun, I. (2017). Media Belajar Bigbook Bagi Pengembangan Baca Nyaring Anak Usia Dini. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pembelajaran Baca, Tulis, Dan Hitung Tingkat Permulaan Bagi Anak Usia Dini, 119–127. Kurniawan, H. (2018). Pengembangan Lingkungan Belajar Literasi Untuk Anak Usia Dini. Aṣ-Ṣibyān: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 45–56. http://jurnal.uinbanten.ac.id/index.php/assibyan/article/view/1352 Ma’isyah, N. (2018). Pengembangan Modul Membaca Lancar Pokok Bahasan Lingkungan Yang Bernuansa Kontekstual. Aṣ-Ṣibyān: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(2), 137–146. Mawadah, A. H. (2018). Pemanfaatan Big Book Sebagai Media Literasi Anak Usia Dini. Aṣ-Ṣibyān: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 57–72. Mufid, A. S. (2010). Revitalisasi Kearifan Lokal dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Harmoni - Jurnal Multikultural & Multireligius Vol. IX No. 34. IX(34), 2010. Prihantoro, A., & Hidayat, F. (2019). Melakukan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Ulumuddin : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 9(1), 49–60. Rahmawati, E. (2016). How Children Learn A Foreign Language, A Literature Study on Teaching English to Young Learners. Aṣ-Ṣibyān: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 1(2), 119–125. Rosenberg, B. A. T. (1987). The complexity of oral tradition. Oral Tradition. Tetrahedron Letters, 28(44), 5241–5244.

The purpose of this exploratory study is to highlight, in the context of initial teacher training, the possible transformations brought by a training environment based on a situation of peer co-analysis, and thus to find out whether it can offer opportunities for professional learning. The approach seeks to identify the traces of re-elaboration of the experience that emerge from the exchanges carried out by the students during the time of co-analysis. It then consists of identifying the traces of learning in the teaching activity of the trainees. Two students in their second year of the Master’s degree in teaching and training, who had previously been trained in the role of tutor (observer/analyst), took part in the study. The results show that the situation allows them, under certain conditions, to appropriate and consolidate professional knowledge. In particular, the co-constructed proposals should relate to the students’ concerns, respond to problems raised by the tutor, and be formulated by the tutor. The instructor’s assistance also seems necessary. Impacts on training are then envisaged.

The purposes of the study were to analyze the profile of the development of literacy teaching materials in writing prose and produce prototypes of teaching materials for students' prose writing which included the development of positive characters written by elementary school children. Writing habits with the planting of characters familiarize students to be positive following what is usually done. This is based on the character of students currently still concerning. The model of developing prose literacy for elementary students used is the Plomp model with steps: preliminary research, prototyping phase, and assessment phase. Participants in this study, namely experts, elementary students, and elementary school teachers. Data obtained by triangulating data and analyzed by processing quantitative descriptive data. The research findings indicate that the characteristic profile of students tends to be difficult in writing prose essays. The profile of needs analysis shows that elementary students are very fond of fantasy fairy tales, fables, parables, myths, realistic tales, and sage. The prototype of literacy teaching materials writes valid prose according to the needs of students.

Los capítulos 16-17 de la Segunda parte de Don Quijote encierran una sátira política y una sátira ad hominem. El personaje de don Diego forma parte de un amplio grupo de falsos caballeros, de los cuales don Quijote es la piedra de toque desde el capítulo 6. Dentro del itinerario menipeo de don Quijote, la indumentaria que viste el hidalgo de Miranda apunta a un blanco que muchos lectores del Siglo de Oro podían entrever. Además, dentro de un contexto militar que lleva a «proveer las costas de Nápoles y Sicilia y la isla de Malta» ante la amenaza del «Turco [que] bajaba con una poderosa armada» (II, 1), la figura del «caballero del verde gabán» se tornaba bastante controvertida.

Le 500e anniversaire de la mort de Léonard de Vinci représente un moment particulier pour la célébration de l’œuvre de l’artiste florentin et apparait comme une opportunité de valorisation artistique. Cependant, autour de l’organisation des manifestations en France et en Italie vont se greffer une série de déclarations et d’enjeux politiques qui projettent l’organisation de ces évènements dans le jeu conflictuel entre la France et l’Italie. Ainsi, nous observons comment la dimension culturelle participe d’une dimension globale qui oppose l’Italie et la France.

Mathematics teaches students logical thinking, analysis, synthesis, critical, and creative. As high as students are able to work together in solving the problems faced. To achieve all of that we need an effective learning process, one of which is by applying realistic mathematical learning. The background of this research is the low learning outcomes of mathematics in grade I students of SD Negeri 019 Bumi Ayu. The purpose of this study is to improve student mathematics learning outcomes. The form of research used is classroom action research. The study was conducted in 2 cycles, each through the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results of the study showed the basic score of students completeness was 46.1%, the percentage of completeness in cycle I was 73%, and the percentage of completeness in cycle II was 92.3%. On the basic score the number of students who completed was 12 people, while the number of students who did not complete was 14 people. In the first cycle the number of students who completed was 19 people, while the number of students who did not complete was 7 people. In cycle II the number of students who completed was 24 while the number of students who did not complete was 2 people. Based on the data obtained above, it can be concluded that by applying realistic mathematics learning (PMR) can improve the learning outcomes of grade I students of SD Negeri 019 Bumi Ayu

This study aims to develop learning to read understanding based on CIRC strategies as an effort to instill character education in grade VI elementary schools that is valid, practical, and effective. This type of research is research and development. The development model used is a 4-D model consisting of the stages of defining, designing, developing and disseminating. This research data from the validity test was obtained through the validation sheet of teaching materials. Practicality data was collected through observation sheets of the implementation of the lesson plans, teacher and student response questionnaires, and interviews with teachers. Based on the validity test obtained the percentage of RPP 91.3% with a very valid category. This means that the RPP component is in accordance with the Ministry of Education Regulation No. 41 of 2007. The results of the validity of teaching materials with a percentage of 90% with a very valid category, this means that teaching materials that have been developed are in accordance with curriculum demands. The practicality test results of the implementation of lesson plans with a percentage of 95.3% with the category of very practical, during the trial teacher has no difficulty in implementing learning. The percentage of teacher responses to the questionnaire was 92.5% with a very practical category, the teacher stated the teaching material developed was different from the previous teaching material, easy to use in learning. The percentage of questionnaire responses of students was 90.2% with a very practical category, teaching materials were also interesting for students because they were designed with more interesting colors and drawings. Judging from the effectiveness test, the character values in the trials averaged 82.8%, while in the distribution of the students' character values 81%. In reading skills, the percentage while testing is 85%, while in the spread is 89%. Based on the above description, it can be concluded that the reading materials for understanding CIRC-based strategies developed can be declared valid, practical and effective

Deer antler velvet (DAV) has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine, including treatment on toothache [1]. Due to its rapid and regenerative capacity, deer antlers were proposed to be the good model for bone remodelling in mammals [2]. The data presented in this work is on the liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profile and bioactive potential of Malayan deer antler velvet (DAV) on different Candida species that has clinical importance. Aqueous extraction of DAV samples was subjected to Liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) profiling. Reverse phase (RP) separation was used due to the process extraction using water as a solvent to separate polar compound. The data was interpreted using Profile Analysis 2.1V. The DAV samples were also tested for the effect on the biofilm formation of seven Candida species in a 96 well plate [3]. The biofilms were developed for 72 h in aerobic environment. Following that, the biofilms biomass was determined using crystal violet assay.

This article is grounded in social constructivist perspectives of learning: its purpose is to provide an overview of the "Interactions Sociales et Acquisition" (ISA) [Social Interactions and Acquisition] French group's research that examines how a peer-assisted learning (PAL) group context facilitates students' acquisition of motor and social skills in physical education (PE). Issues addressed include the pairing of students in dyads and how training them to endorse tutor and tutee roles facilitates students to work in small groups. The effects of peer interaction on social relations and the inclusion of students with special needs are also overviewed. Findings regarding the influence of student interactions on learning were derived using a variety of data collection methodologies, including quantitative data used to test the effectiveness of various interactive procedures and qualitative analyses of verbal protocols to better understand the interactive dynamics involved in such learning devices. The ISA work highlights the complementary value of both of these methodological approaches for studying group work effects. ISA findings suggest that PE teachers prepare students for functional interaction group work by taking into consideration the students' characteristics (like gender or desire for control) in the constitution of dyads and then effectively training the tutors to deliver the expected content. Cooperative learning (CL) contexts also provided a viable alternative for facilitating the inclusion of students with disabilities or those with lower initial skill levels.

Background: Antibacterial agents from natural sources have been suggested as alternatives for treating infectious diseases due to their low side effects. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) exhibits some antibacterial properties, but its effects against oral pathogens are poorly understood. This study investigated flaxseed extracts' antibacterial effects against such pathogens. Methods: Non-polar and polar extracts of flaxseed, with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH), were prepared by sequential Soxhlet extraction. All extracts were qualitatively screened through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activities of flaxseed extracts with different volumes per disc (Oxoid, Badhoevedorp, Netherlands) (5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 µL/disc) were evaluated against four different oral pathogens: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Enterococcus faecalis, using the disc diffusion method. Flaxseed extracts' inhibitory activities against the tested oral pathogens were examined by measuring the inhibition zone diameter. Results: Polar extract (methanolic extract) demonstrated significant antibacterial activity (p

Abstract Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of elderly persons with leprosy in the state of Alagoas. Method: a descriptive epidemiological study of leprosy cases among the elderly reported to the Disease Notification Information System between 2005 and 2015 was carried out. Results: a total of 896 cases were identified, with a predominance of 60-69 years old (60.5%), who were male (50.4%), had no schooling (34.8%), no source of income (54.1%), multibacillary forms of the disease (67.9%), and a high proportion of grade I (30.3%) and II (11.8%) disability at diagnosis. Hyperendemicity was noted during the survey period, with a mean detection rate of 29.48 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Conclusion: leprosy is a growing disease among the elderly and early detection should be encouraged in this population to prevent the impairment of active aging.

The goal of the research was to design a mobile application of inventory system in a minimart. In an application of using the mobile-based inventory minimart, J2EE system development used Waterfall method with the stages of analysis, design, coding, and implementation. The control of application inventory items at the minimart was intended for mobile-based users who controlled the supply of goods on the markets. It was to facilitate employee minimart in organizing, processing, monitoring the movement of inventory items that occurred in the minimart. The application of control inventory-based mobile minimart was to make users inventory, with a menu that was available in the form of product items, a promotion that had a limited promotion item reservations. The application can make employees in a minimart organize, process, and monitor the movement of inventory item more easily.