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From the perspective of national economy, leasing represents a means of reorientating investments by attracting several new external financial sources in economy and a solution for launching on the market the products that have a limited demand and a low level of purchasing. Leasing represents an important factor in developing and making foreign trade more efficient through the possibility of entering on new markets and of opening new partnerships. Also, leasing attracts important financial resources since it has principal factors such as efficiency and safety.

An internal public auditing mission is a complex process with multiple objectives and auditable objects, which offers a most complete management of the audited entity’s identified risks and proposes solutions and recommendations for limiting their impact. In the informatics segment, the calculators, informatics systems (the operation systems, the informatics applications used in the entity, the accounting management systems of the data bases), the communication networks, the procedures and operations adjacent to the informatics systems, the policies in the system are subjected to control and evaluation. To this end, due to the importance the use of the calculator grants within the entities, in some countries there have been elaborated several normative acts regulating the use, control and auditing of the electronic devices used for processing the data. Thus, the most important regulations referring to the auditing within the computerized information systems (CIS - Computerized Information Systems) are the ISA ( International Standards on Auditing) and IAPS ( International Auditing Practice Statement) standards elaborated by IFAC ( International Federation of Accountants).

Within the computerised information system of entities, the auditors have to evaluate both the risks and the control of the system. Thus, there has been a change from an approach focused on the control of the system to an approach focused on the risks to which this is exposed. The shift towards risk evaluation allows for the auditor to notice the efficacy and efficiency of the control exercised over the audited system in a much better manner. The notion of risk in the computerised information system represents the probability of appearance of a failure with negative consequences over the functioning of the system. Regarded as a whole, the computerised information system of entities is exposed to a series of risks. The process of risk management plays a special role in the identification and control of risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostatic lithiasis is commonly found in patients over 50 years of age, is rare under 40 years of age and very rare in children. Asymptomatic prostatic calculus is frequently highlighted by routine ultrasound examination or radiological examinations. The association of prostatic lithiasis with chronic prostatitis and benign prostate hyperplasia is common. The vast majority of prostatic calculi are latent progressive, being incidentally discovered on prostate ultrasound, basin radiographs or adenomectomy. There is no pathognomonic symptomatology for prostate disease. Symptoms, when present, may be due to prostatic hypertrophy, urethral strictures or chronic prostatitis. In this review, we will describe the prevalence, ethiopathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment options currently available for prostatic lithiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The objective of the study was to evaluate the internal ureteral drainage with a double J stent in treating symptomatic obstructive uropathy (lithiasic or physiologic) during pregnancy. Material and Methods. Between 2011-2017 we retrospective analysed 40 pregnant women who were admitted with renal colic, flank pain, urinary symptoms and inconstant fever. Renal ultrasound revealed hydronephrosis with clinical and paraclinical signs of acute pyelonephrytis in 19 (47.5%) patients. The age of pregnancy was between 20 - 30 weeks. All the cases where monitored by white blood cell count, serum creatinine levels, urinalysis, and urine culture. All ureteric stents were inserted successfully under local, spinal or general anesthesia. Antibiotic therapy was associated. Results. A total of 32/40 (80%) patients had a clinical improvement immediately or soon after intervention. All patients had complete resolution of the hydronephrosis on follow-up renal ultrasound and regression of hydronephrosis and urinary symptoms after ureteral stenting. Minor complications were reported as (stent irritation, stent encrustation, and stent migration). The post-natal evaluation confirmed that 18/40 (57%) patients had urinary calculus disease 22/40 (55%) patients with physiologic hydronephrosis during pregnancy. All pregnancies progressed uneventfully and 25/40 (62.5%) women had normal vaginal deliveries. The ureteric stent was removed 2 weeks after delivery and endoscopic removal of ureteral stone. Follow up renal ultrasound was normal. Conclusions. Ureteral stenting is a very efficient therapeutic option in treating pregnant women with renal colic and hydronephrosis. Ureteric double J stenting during pregnancy can be safe, with good symptom relief and has a low complication rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]