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A research team of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University continued the fieldwork between 1 September 2022 and 31 December 2023 on two Early and Middle Iron Age sites, Dédestapolcsány-Verebce-bérc and Dédestapolcsány-Várerdő, in the frame of a project investigating Early Iron Age crises. New excavation trenches were opened at the fortified settlement in the north of the Bükk Mountains (Northern Hungary). One was an extension of a trench opened in 2022, where remains of a burnt house had been identified. Metal detector surveys recovered some new fascinating stray metal finds (e.g., an akinakes, battle axes, and the bronze protective sheath of a sword) and new assemblages (iron tool deposits and a hoard of gold jewellery and amber beads). Eleven more graves were excavated in the cemetery (Várerdő) north of the coeval settlement. The most interesting grave was the burial of an adult man with rich grave goods such as an ironworking toolkit, pottery, and other items.

As part of a new research project, the team of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University has been investigating the Early Iron Age hillfort at Dédestapolcsány-Verebce-bérc since 2020. Based on the results of previous fieldwalk sessions and metal detector surveys, we conducted excavations in 2022 to investigate the effects of the Iron Age siege on the settlement. We unearthed the remains of two buildings, one of which was apparently damaged by fire. A metal detector survey was also carried out simultaneously with the excavations, yielding a Late Bronze Age and several Middle Iron Age depots comprising bronze and iron artefacts.

During its long history, humanity left traces everywhere, therefore it is inevitable that finds, hoards or burials are going to be found accidentally besides professional excavations. That kind of a discovery occurred in Tiszakürt (Hungary), where a grave of the Mezőcsát group has been found. In this paper the three vessels – two urns and a beaker – of the grave will be presented. We do not have the skeleton, however, we do have an exquisite description of the grave. This description is important since it allows us to examine the burial practice as well.

It is necessary to extensively investigate the causes of road accidents with the utmost precision to harness future technological advancements, such as autonomous driving and intelligent accident prevention systems. Nevertheless, since most accidents are attributed to simple human errors, unraveling the complex root-cause factors poses a considerable challenge. This is where fuzzy logic can offer a potential solution: it is essential to understand even seemingly straightforward errors, such as speeding, to identify external factors that could play a pivotal role in future accident prevention. A more in-depth examination and comprehension of elements like road curvature, slope, and their correlation with accidents are necessary. Additionally, it is crucial to explore how the frequency of accidents on specific road segments varies under diverse weather conditions. This article analyzes which curves can be considered more dangerous and the factors that render them risky. The fuzzy model presented in this article is primarily capable of estimating the risk of a given road segment based on its curvature characteristics. The model results presented in the article indicate that sections of the road can become more risky due to multiple curves and curves with a radius of less than 80 m. The model assesses risk based on the physical characteristics of road segments, primarily the curvature radius, while, typically, other road risk assessment models rely on traffic volume and accident counts.