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BackgroundThere is limited knowledge regarding the potential benefits of physical activity in patients with metastatic breast cancer. ObjectiveThe Advanced stage Breast cancer and Lifestyle Exercise (ABLE) Trial aimed to assess the feasibility of a physical activity intervention in women with metastatic breast cancer and to explore the effects of physical activity on functional, psychological, and clinical parameters. MethodsThe ABLE Trial was a single-arm, 6-month intervention study with a home-based, unsupervised, and personalized walking program using an activity tracker. At baseline and 6 months, we assessed anthropometrics, functional fitness, physical activity level, sedentary behavior, quality of life, fatigue, and tumor progression. Paired proportions were compared using the McNemar test and changes of parameters during the intervention were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman rank correlations. ResultsOverall, 49 participants (mean age 55 years; recruitment rate 94%) were enrolled and 96% adhered to the exercise prescription (attrition rate 2%). Statistically significant improvements in the 6-minute walking distance test (+7%, P

The article presents the discussion on etiology of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) suspected to be related to prenatal environmental risk factors. Topics include examining the association between parental occupational exposure to solvents and TGCT risk among their offspring; and impact of the fetal environment is also supported by large geographical variation in incidence and the evolution of TGCT incidence among migrant populations.

Simple Summary: Testicular cancer is the most common cancer among men below 40 years old, and its causes remain largely unknown. Marked geographic differences in the occurrence along with the relatively young age at diagnosis suggest a possible role of environmental and occupational exposures that occur early in life, probably already during embryonic development. Using data from a French case–control study, we investigated associations between paternal occupational exposure to five heavy metals and welding fumes before and at birth and testicular cancer risk in sons. We estimated exposures from job titles and considered other potential risk factors in the statistical analyses. We found no association. Thus, further research is necessary to identify potentially modifiable risk factors. Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in young men. Its causes are largely unknown, although prenatal occupational and environmental exposures have been suggested. We investigated paternal occupational exposure to heavy metals and welding fumes and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) in their offspring. A total of 454 cases and 670 controls were included from a French nationwide case–control study. The INTEROCC job exposure matrix was used to assign occupational exposures (cadmium, chromium, iron, nickel, lead, and welding fumes) to the fathers' jobs. Odds ratios (ORs) for TGCT were estimated using conditional logistic regression models for frequency-matched sets. Three complementary analytical approaches were used: (1) single-agent analysis, (2) analysis by groups, and (3) principal component analysis (PCA). The proportion of paternal exposure to different heavy metals and welding fumes ranged from 0.7% (cadmium) to 11.3% (lead). Based on PCA, three principal components explained 93.5% of the cumulative variance. No associations were found between heavy metals or welding fumes and TGCT. In this study, paternal occupational exposure to heavy metals or welding fumes was not associated with TGCT development in their sons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While head and neck cancer incidence decreased worldwide due to reduced tobacco and alcohol consumption, oral tongue cancer (OTC) incidence has been reported to be increasing in several countries. Our study examines the incidence trends of OTC in France from 1990 to 2018, globally and by age; and compares the incidence trends with the evolution of the incidence of other human papilloma virus‐unrelated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, that is, cancers of the remaining subsites of the oral cavity (RSOCC) and laryngeal cancers for the period 1990 to 2018. World age‐standardized incidence rates of oral tongue cancers (C02), cancers of the remaining subsites of the oral cavity (RSOCC, C03‐06) and laryngeal cancers (C32) were estimated using the French National Network of Cancer Registries for the period 1990 to 2018. Trends in national incidence rates were estimated from a mixed‐effect Poisson model including age and year effects using penalized splines and a district‐random effect. In women aged 30 and 40, a significant increase in OTC incidence was observed, while ROSCC showed a nonsignificant incidence decrease. In young men aged 25, a marginally significant increase of OTC incidence years was observed, while incidence rates of RSOCC significantly declined. The results suggest a tendency towards diverging incidence trends for OTC compared to RSOCC and laryngeal cancer in young adults. The observed trends may reflect changes in underlying exposures or emerging exposures not yet identified, and stress the need to further investigate the etiology of oral tongue cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In Europe, 20,000 Adolescent and Young Adults (AYAs) aged 15–25 years are diagnosed with cancer annually. Although prognosis is good, AYA cancer survivors are at greater risk of second primary cancers, cardiovascular disease, and various long-term effects. Benefits of physical activity (PA) in AYAs reported in current studies remain difficult to generalize; none has been performed in France. This single-arm intervention study tested the feasibility of combining hospital-based supervised and home-based unsupervised physical activity sessions (PAS) and providing cancer prevention recommendations for AYAs. Methods: The AYAs attended PAS concomitant to treatment and participated in one face-to-face prevention interview. PA (international physical activity questionnaire), 6-min walk distance (6MWD), sedentarity, anthropometrics, quality of life (QoL), and fatigue were assessed at baseline (T1) and end of intervention (T2). PA, satisfaction and cancer prevention behaviors were assessed 1 year after baseline (T3). Results: Fifty-nine AYAs (mean 19 years) participated in the study. Acceptability and attrition were 80% and 12%, respectively. Between T1 and T2, 6MWD and global QoL improved (p < 0.001), and fatigue decreased (p = 0.003). Total PA improved and sitting time decreased (p < 0.001) overall (T1–T3). Assessment at T3 showed interindividual differences in how participants considered risk factors (e.g., more attention to PA, UV exposures, nutrition). Conclusion: Combined supervised and unsupervised home-based PAS in AYAs undergoing cancer treatment is acceptable and feasible. The program contributes to maintaining and improving physical fitness and QoL, while reducing fatigue and other cancer and treatment symptoms. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the physical activity interest and preferences of cancer patients aged over 70 years during oncological treatments and to explore how demographic characteristics may modulate preferences. Methods: From April to May 2018, this cross‐sectional study collected data from self‐administered questionnaire regarding physical activity interest and preferences in cancer patients receiving oncological treatments in a regional cancer centre. Results: A total of 144 patients completed the questionnaire. Two thirds (n = 95) showed interest in participating in dedicated physical activity programme during oncologic treatments. Patients preferred to exercise in group activities, under the supervision of an exercise instructor, once a week, at a moderate intensity, for 30 min session, in a community fitness centre. Women significantly preferred exercises to improve flexibility (p = 0.03) and to receive counselling in a group (p = 0.03), whereas men preferred to practise strength training (p = 0.02) and to receive counselling with brochures (p = 0.02). As age increases, participants were significantly more inclined to practise physical activity to improve their balance (p = 0.01). Conclusion: These preliminary results will facilitate the design of programmes considering current physical activity preferences in older adults with cancer, which could ensure better adherence to physical activity programmes and, in turn, improved health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) are the most frequent cancers in young men in developed countries and their incidence rate has doubled worldwide over the past 40 years. Early life exposures to pesticides are suspected to increase TGCT risk. Our research aimed at estimating adult TGCT risk associated with parental domestic use of pesticides during early periods of child development.Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 304 TGCT cases, aged 18-45 years old, recruited in 20 French university hospitals, and 274 controls frequency-matched on hospital and birth year. Participants' mothers provided information on their domestic use of pesticides from 1 year before start of pregnancy to 1 year after their son's birth, for gardening activities, treatment of indoor plants, pets, wood and mold, and pest control. Odds ratios (OR) for TGCT (overall and by histological subtype) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression.Results: Prevalence of reported domestic use of pesticides was 77.3% for insecticides, 15.9% for fungicides and 12.1% for herbicides. While no association was found for any use of insecticides (OR = 1.27, CI = 0.80-2.01) or herbicides (OR = 1.15, CI = 0.67-2.00), elevated risks of TGCT overall (OR = 1.73, CI = 1.04-2.87) and non-seminoma subtype (OR = 2.44, CI = 1.26-4.74) were observed for any use of fungicides. When specific purposes were examined, using fungicides and/or insecticides for woodwork (OR = 2.35, CI = 1.06-5.20) and using insecticides on cats and dogs (OR = 1.95, CI = 1.12-3.40) were associated with increased risk of non-seminoma subtype. We found no association for seminoma subtype.Conclusions: Although recall bias may partially explain the elevated ORs, our study provides some evidence of a positive association between domestic use of pesticides during early periods of development, particularly fungicides and risk of adult TGCT and non-seminoma. Given the common domestic use of pesticides in France, further research on TGCT risk is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This secondary analysis of the ABLE Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03148886) aimed to assess physical activity preferences before and after a 6‐month physical activity intervention for women recently diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer and to investigate demographic and clinical correlates of these preferences. Methods: Forty‐nine patients participated in the ABLE Trial, a single‐arm, unsupervised 6‐month physical activity intervention with activity trackers. At baseline and 6 months, physical activity preferences, physical activity level, clinical variables, demographics and social vulnerability were assessed. Results: At baseline, 49 participants were included, among whom 85% were interested in receiving physical activity counselling and 89% were interested in following a physical activity programme designed for metastatic breast cancer. At the end of the study, more participants preferred practising in a community fitness centre (66%) rather than at home (19% vs. 44% at baseline, p =.03). A higher social vulnerability score and not being treated by chemotherapy at baseline were significantly associated with lower desire to receive physical activity counselling (p =.01 and p =.04 respectively). Conclusions: This study will help design future studies within patients with metastatic breast cancer in accordance with their preferences. Designing tailored physical activity interventions according to the participant's preferences may be one key to success for adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: About 5% of breast cancer cases are metastatic at diagnosis, and 20%-30% of localized breast cancer cases become secondarily metastatic. Patients frequently report many detrimental symptoms related to metastasis and treatments. The physical, biological, psychological, and clinical benefits of physical activity during treatment in patients with localized breast cancer have been demonstrated; however, limited literature exists regarding physical activity and physical activity behavior change in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of a 6-month physical activity intervention with activity trackers in patients with metastatic breast cancer (the Advanced stage Breast cancer and Lifestyle Exercise, ABLE Trial). Secondary objectives are to examine the effects of physical activity on physical, psychological, anthropometrics, clinical, and biological parameters. Methods: We plan to conduct a single-center, single-arm trial with 60 patients who are newly diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. Patients will receive an unsupervised and personalized 6-month physical activity program that includes an activity tracker Nokia Go and is based on the physical activity recommendation. Patients will be encouraged to accumulate at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Baseline and 6-month assessments will include anthropometric measures, functional tests (eg, 6-minute walk test and upper and lower limb strength), blood draws, patient-reported surveys (eg, quality of life and fatigue), and clinical markers of tumor progression (eg, Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria). Results: Data collection occurred between October 2016 and January 2018, and the results are expected in August 2018. Conclusions: The ABLE Trial will be the first study to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an unsupervised and personalized physical activity intervention performed under real-life conditions with activity trackers in patients with metastatic breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The aim of this practice evaluation was to assess weight trends during and after a nutritional intervention in cancer patients and survivors., Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2014 and October 2020 in adults with different cancer types managed at the Léon-Bérard Cancer Center, undergoing treatment or during post-treatment follow-up, with a BMI≥25kg/m 2 and who had at least 3 consultations with a nutrition physician. Nutritional management focused on behavioral, metabolic and nutritional aspects. Anthropometrics measurements, i.e., waist circumference, weight and BMI, were monitored prospectively during the nutritional consultation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the nutritional intervention on the anthropometrics measurements., Results: Overall, 247 patients were included in the analysis. The median duration of the nutritional intervention was 7.2months. Between the first and the last nutrition consultation, waist circumference was reduced in 97.2% of the patients, with a median loss of 10cm; weight and BMI were reduced in 85.0% and 83.8% of the patients respectively. Six months after the end of the nutritional intervention, 53.7% of patients had stable or continued reduced weight., Conclusion: This analysis of practice shows the positive impact of a nutritional intervention during cancer treatments on anthropometric parameters, and maintenance or continued weight loss at distance from the intervention in half of the patients., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer undergo physical transformations due to disease and treatments occurring alongside puberty and adolescence. Although physical activity is recommended for its benefits, its practice among AYA with cancer remains insufficient. The aim of the Éducation Thérapeutique et Activité Physique: Engagement des Adolescents et Jeunes Adultes atteints de cancer study is to identify the evolution of AYA with cancer medical knowledge and powers (power to act, to express oneself) over life and cancer care, and their role in commitment in adapted physical activity (APA) and therapeutic patient education during and after oncological treatments., Methods and Analysis: This prospective mixed methods monocentre study will be conducted in a French comprehensive cancer centre. Observations will be conducted two times a week during medical consultations, APA interventions and therapeutic education sessions for AYA with cancer. Semidirective interviews will involve 70 participants, including AYA with cancer aged 15-25, health professionals, APA teachers and parents. Quantitative data will be collected on AYA's social characteristics and participation in physical activity intervention and therapeutic education sessions. A correspondence factor analysis will supplement inductive analysis of ethnographic qualitative data, involving patient coresearchers. The results will help to improve the understanding of AYAs' medical knowledge and powers, their commitment in physical activity and to develop strategies to increase their participation., Ethics and Dissemination: This study complies with reference methodology MR004 of the French National Data Protection Authority and was registered by the Data Protection Officer of the Leon Berard Cancer Center on the activity registry of the institution (Ref. N°R201-004-259; 5 July 2022). Ethics approval has been obtained from the Centre Léon Bérard ethics board (Ref. N°2022-006; 20 July 2022). Oral informed consent will be obtained from all participants before data collection. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, national and international conferences., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)