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El problema de ruteo vehicular combinado con el manejo de inventario es un tema complejo reconocido en su tratamiento por la literatura científica. En este trabajo se presenta un problema de este tipo con la particularidad que tiene como objetivo la optimización del indicador tráfico de carga, así como un modelo y procedimiento matemático para la resolución de este problema en una entidad comercializadora de combustibles de la región oriental de Cuba. Para ello se utilizaron métodos heurísticos combinados, de descomposición y reducción, integrados con programación lineal binaria, para la determinación del ruteo vehicular hacia los clientes. Todo ello para simplificar el problema y ofrecer una solución satisfactoria basada en el cumplimiento de niveles de inventarios de acuerdo a un nivel de cobertura planificado y el uso racional de los vehículos. Finalmente, se probó en un caso de estudio basado en una situación real operativa de la empresa en cuestión. || The inventory routing problem is a complex topic recognized by the scientific literature. This work shows up this kind of problem, particularly a problem with freight traffic indicator as an objective for optimization, also a mathematical model and procedure for the resolution of this problem in an entity that sales fuel in eastern region of Cuba. For it, we were used heuristics combined methods of decomposition and reduction, integrated with binary linear programming, for the determination of the routing for vehicles toward the clients. The objective was to simplify the problem and to offer a satisfying performance based on the achievement of inventory levels according to a planned covering level, the rational use of the vehicles. Finally, it was proven in a case of study based on a real operative situation of the company studied.

Decarbonization of the building sector is one of the key challenges to achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality by 2050, established in the European Green Deal. In this sense, current trends focus on the promotion of onsite renewable energy sources, as well as on the electrification of heating and cooling demands and sector coupling approaches through Power-to-heat strategies. This minimizes energy transportation losses while creating an increased need for storage systems. In this scenario, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems gain importance and provide the required flexibility, although the experience with high storage periods and volumes, fast response capacity, easy integration into building facilities and cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions is still scarce. This paper focuses on a TRNSYS (Transient System Simulation Program) modelling and simulation analysis of different integration strategies of a TES system based on Phase Change Materials (PCM) into a real-scale tertiary building. The target building (CARTIF III) is located in Valladolid, Spain, within a Mediterranean climatic area, and incorporates different energy systems including a local photovoltaic (PV) field and a geothermal heat pump (HP). The combination of the PCM storage with the PV and the geothermal HP is studied for the cooling season (in summer) aiming at maximizing the overall system energy efficiency and minimizing the energy import from the grid, thus pursuing a Smart Island concept. Results from this study will feed the solution design for the actual integration project that will be addressed within the framework of a upcoming EU research project.

Diversos estudios han demostrado que el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) es una propuesta educativa innovadora, que se caracteriza porque promueve que el aprendizaje sea significativo y contribuye a desarrollar una serie de habilidades y competencias indispensables para el crecimiento intelectual de cualquier persona. Sin embargo, esta estretegia implica repensar los problemas como problemas para aprender partiendo de preguntas que sean relevantes para los alumnos en el contexto del aprendizaje de ciencias. Y es justamente, el planteamiento de estas preguntas lo que hace complejo al ABP, pues platear “buenas preguntas” no es fácil, se requiere no sólo de habilidad y práctica sino también un conocimiento mínimo del tema y motivación para iniciar una investigación. Por lo anterior, una de las preocupaciones es encontrar los mecanismos que permitan introducir y motivar al estudiante para que sea capaz de plantear preguntas (problemas). En el presente trabajo se describen la propuesta de una serie de actividades que tienen como propósito preparar a un grupo de estudiantes de bachillerato para que planteen “buenas preguntas” de investigación sobre el tema de minerales. Para lograrlo, se considera el uso de varios recursos como: la visita a los museos, la lectura y análisis de textos y la actividad experimental.

El objetivo del trabajo es plantear una agenda de investigación para el estudio de la organización cuyo fin es integrar empresas. Se reflexiona sobre los problemas organizacionales que enfrenta y la forma en que ha sido objeto de estudio en algunos proyectos de investigación mexicanos y españoles. El análisis y la comparación proveen pautas no solo para su estudio sino también para su fortalecimiento y promoción.

Es pretén mostrar la incidència que està tenint l’assentament de les anomenades noves tecnologies de la informació i comunicació en el món del dret, presentant els recursos disponibles a través d’Internet (pàgines web gestionades per l’Administració i iniciatives privades), juntament amb els més tradicionals i usats fins ara (paper, bases de dades en CD-ROM, etc.). Conèixer els recursos disponibles i les eines adequades per recuperar la informació al web és una tasca dura —però imprescindible—, a la qual cal dedicar temps i recursos; i és aquí on apareix la figura del documentalista com a agent mitjancer entre la informació demanada pels professionals del dret i la localització d’aquesta informació.

Se pretende mostrar la incidencia que está teniendo el asentamiento de las llamadas nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación en el mundo del derecho, presentando los recursos disponibles a través de Internet (páginas web gestionadas por la Administración e iniciativas privadas), junto con los más tradicionales y usados hasta el momento (papel, bases de datos en CD-ROM, etc.). Conocer los recursos disponibles y las herramientas adecuadas para recuperar la información en la Web es una tarea dura pero imprescindible a la que hay que dedicar tiempo y recursos, y es aquí dónde aparece la figura del documentalista como agente mediador entre la información demandada por los profesionales del derecho y la localización de la misma.

Solid tumors are abnormal mass of tissue, which affects the organs based on its malignancy and leads to the dysfunction of the affected organs. The major problem associated with treatment of solid tumors is delivering anticancer therapeutics to the deepest layers/core of the solid tumor. Deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) hinders the therapeutics to travel towards the core of the tumor. Therefore, conventional anticancer therapeutics can only reduce the tumor size and that also for a limited duration, and tumor recurrence occurs once the therapy is discontinued. Additionally, by the time the cancer is diagnosed, the cancer cells already started affecting the major organs of the body such as lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and brain, due to their ability to metastasize and lung is the primary site for them to be infiltrated. To facilitate the anticancer therapeutics to penetrate the deeper layers of tumor, and to provide concurrent treatment of both the solid tumor and metastasis, we have designed and developed a Bimodal Light Assisted Skin Tumor and Metastasis Treatment (BLAST), which is a combination of photothermal and chemotherapeutic moieties. The BLAST is composed of 2D boron nitride (BN) nanosheet with adsorbed molecules of BCL-2 inhibitor, Navitoclax (NAVI) on its surface, that can breakdown excessive ECM network and thereby facilitate dissociation of the solid tumor. The developed BLAST was evaluated for its ability to penetrate solid tumors using 3D spheroids for the uptake, cytotoxicity, growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, penetration, and downregulation of proteins upon laser irradiation. The in vivo therapeutic studies on a skin cancer mice model revealed that the BLAST with and without laser were able to penetrate the solid tumor, reduce tumor volume in mice, dissociate the protein network, and prevent lung metastasis as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Post analysis of serum and blood components revealed the safety and efficacy of BLAST in mice. Hence, the developed BLAST holds strong promise in solid tumor treatment and metastasis prevention simultaneously., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Md Nurunnabi serves as Scientific Advisory Board member for KB BioMed Inc., and Filament LLC (Dunatech), and owns equity for DunaTech LLC. Md Nurunnabi and Himanshu Bhatt is an inventor on patents related to the tools and methods reported in this manuscript (owned and managed by University of Texas at El Paso)., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In this work, titanium dioxide scaffolds were synthesized. Titanium isopropoxide (IV) was used as a precursor in its formation, using a polymeric network of galactopyranose as a template. The powder sample obtained was evaluated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA). According to the results, it was found that these scaffolds can be successfully synthesized in solution using the sol-gel method. The synthesized scaffolds have diameters from 50 nm with porosity of approximately 0.3-10 nm. Important parameters, such as pH and the concentration of the metallic precursors, were optimized in this solution. The values of maximum average roughness R(max) and roughness value (Ra) were 0.50 and 1.45, respectively. XRD diffraction analysis shows the formation of crystalline phases in the TiO 2 scaffold at 700 °C. The use of biological polymers represents an alternative for the synthesis of new materials at low cost, manipulating the conditions in the production processes and making the proposed system more efficient.