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The goal of the present paper is to determine, from a spatial and temporal perspective, the distribution patterns of drought, obtaining areas of extreme hydrological risk in the departments of the Buenos Aires province (Argentina). The hydrologic constants (Field Capacity and Permanent Wilting Point) are analyzed and a synthesis map elaborated. Then, the relationship with data from agricultural emergencies caused by drought is established. As drought is highly related to climate variability and its influence over soils, an analysis which might allow to identify temporal and spatial patterns of drought and so risk areas is considered hereby relevant. The obtained results show the drought-affected areas distributed by department, the relationship with the hydrologic constants and their risk with respect to the analyzed event. The present paper belongs to the research project: "Water , development and uncertainty. The reduction of availability a paradigm of inequity" which is in process at UNLP-FAHCE-CIG since 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]