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Introduction: Academic dental educators play a major role in training future dentists. They help students to develop medical knowledge and behavioural skills that improve the quality and rigor of their future practice. Therefore, their experience and knowledge are critical to ensure effective learning. However, a French national workshop revealed that most junior assistant professors lack educational skills at the beginning of their career. The aim of this study was to assess educational training needs of junior assistant professors in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics., Materials and Methods: An electronic survey was sent to junior assistant professors belonging to Departments of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics within the 16 French dental schools in 2016. This survey was designed to collect data regarding their motivations, teaching expertise and interest in pedagogy., Results: Sixty of the 69 junior educators turned in their answers, which represents a response rate of 87%. About 86.7% of respondents cited their attraction to teaching as one of the main reasons behind their application. The major difficulty encountered by junior faculty was related to course preparation. Only 15% had received educational training despite the fact that 98.3% were convinced of the usefulness of such a training for junior teachers., Conclusion: This study identified the motivations and difficulties encountered by junior assistant professors. This collection of educational needs should be considered when planning a national programme for educational training of dental faculty that will promote the acquisition of teaching skills and improve the education of dental students., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Irreversible pulpitis is a highly painful inflammatory condition of the dental pulp which represents a common dental emergency. Recommended care is partial endodontic treatment. The dental literature reports major difficulties in achieving adequate analgesia to perform this emergency treatment, especially in the case of mandibular molars. In current practice, short-course, orally administered corticotherapy is used for the management of oral pain of inflammatory origin. The efficacy of intraosseous local steroid injections for irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars has already been demonstrated but resulted in local comorbidities. Oral administration of short-course prednisolone is simple and safe but its efficacy to manage pain caused by irreversible pulpitis has not yet been demonstrated. This trial aims to evaluate the noninferiority of short-course, orally administered corticotherapy versus partial endodontic treatment for the emergency care of irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars., Methods/design: This study is a noninferiority, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at the Bordeaux University Hospital. One hundred and twenty subjects will be randomized in two 1:1 parallel arms: the intervention arm will receive one oral dose of prednisolone (1 mg/kg) during the emergency visit, followed by one morning dose each day for 3 days and the reference arm will receive partial endodontic treatment. Both groups will receive planned complete endodontic treatment 72 h after enrollment. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with pain intensity below 5 on a Numeric Scale 24 h after the emergency visit. Secondary outcomes include comfort during care, the number of injected anesthetic cartridges when performing complete endodontic treatment, the number of antalgic drugs and the number of patients coming back for consultation after 72 h., Discussion: This randomized trial will assess the ability of short-term corticotherapy to reduce pain in irreversible pulpitis as a simple and rapid alternative to partial endodontic treatment and to enable planning of endodontic treatment in optimal analgesic conditions., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02629042 . Registered on 7 December 2015. (Version n°1.1 28 July 2015).

Aim: The aim of this study was to measure variations in dentinal pH following the placement of various forms of calcium hydroxide in either the root canal or the pulp chamber., Methodology: Extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared, and the root canals instrumented using a conventional technique. Three cavities were drilled through the root dentine to within 1 mm of the canal wall at the cervical, middle and apical thirds. A total of 125 teeth were randomly divided into five groups; group 1: pure aqueous calcium hydroxide paste (calcium hydroxide/distilled water solution) was placed in the root canal; group 2: the same aqueous calcium hydroxide paste was placed in the pulp chamber; group 3: Hycal, a new form of calcium hydroxide paste, was placed in the pulp chamber; group 4: calcium hydroxide gutta-percha points were placed in the root canal; group 5: control group, wet canal (distilled water) without medication. The access cavities and apical ends were sealed, and the teeth were placed in individual vials containing phosphate-buffered saline, and stored at 37 degrees C. The pH was measured in the dentinal cavities at 8 h and at 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days using a calibrated microelectrode., Results: At 8 h and 1, 2, and 3 days, the highest pH values were obtained when the aqueous calcium hydroxide paste was placed in the pulp chamber. At 7 days, the pH had increased in the Hycal group without being significantly different from the aqueous calcium hydroxide paste placed either in the root canal or in the pulp chamber. At 14 days, Hycal( had the highest pH values (pH 10.65); however, at 21 days no significant difference was noted amongst these first three groups. Control group values ranged from 7.88 to 8.60; the pH created by the calcium hydroxide gutta-percha points was lower than for the control group. Whatever the product or placement location, cervical pH was similar to middle pH, and greater than apical. However, there was no significant difference between the three when all groups were combined. Overall, aqueous calcium hydroxide paste placed in the pulp chamber provided the highest pH values during the experiment, except at day 14. The aqueous calcium hydroxide paste placed in the root canal or Hycal had similar values at days 7 and 21., Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, an aqueous calcium hydroxide paste placed in the pulp chamber increased dentinal pH more than the other techniques. The pH of dentine is affected by the form of calcium hydroxide used.