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In this paper the authors aim to assess the results of psychomotor treatment of 5 patients with cranial injuries admitted to the Division of Infantile Neuropsychiatry at Gaslini Hospital from 1983 to 1985 and to evaluate the role of this treatment in a pathology with multiple, complex functional disorders. Evolution was excellent in 3 out of 5 patients who presented level 1-3 coma with limited post-traumatic sequelae (epilepsy and dysfunction of the left side in A.D., epilepsy and learning disorders in C.F., motor impairment and learning disorders in V.D.) Effective control was achieved in epileptic patients together with a good recovery in those with learning handicaps. Only slight fine motor disorders remained in the case (A.D.) with left hemiparesis. The two cases with level 5 coma that developed into apallic syndrome both attained full postural and motor autonomy, although a slight paretic deficit remained in the left side in one case (V.A.) and vague cerebellar signs in the other (G.D.). Moreover, despite continuing residual difficulties involving concentration and instability of attention, together with slight affective and emotional problems, both girls acquired satisfactory knowledge and responsibility regarding their own psychomotor status and achieved good personal autonomy and a stable ego structure. These results appear to confirm the hypothesis that psychomotor treatment is an effective method of achieving an adequate recomposition of the psychophysical and functional unit of body, damaged by injury.

Unlabelled: The aim of the work has been to verify the efficacy of a psychomotor rehabilitative treatment undertaken at a late age in two children with multiple handicaps: sensorial (visual and hearing impairment), motor (apostural-akinetic stage) and relational (autistic behavior)., Methods: Salvatore C, and Ivan S., admitted to the "G. Gaslini" Institute after discharge from an Institution for homeless infants, were affected by prenatal rubella sequelae. They were taken in charge at age 11 and 24 months., Treatment: manipulation and body-to-body interaction to reassure the children, relieve their feelings of fright and reduce the stereotyped behaviour; stimulation of the acquisition of the body-image; strengthening of the unimpaired sensorial skills and of the residual auditory and visual possibilities; postural and motor stimulation, following the autogenetic development; stimulation to achieve spatial organization and orientation; adjusting of interventional and relation modalities common to all the persons interacting with the children., Results: we obtained a significant reduction of stereotyped behaviour and progressive improvement of the active research of productive interaction with the environment in both children; Salvatore C. was able to walk with little aid after one year of treatment; furthermore he reached a lively and organized motility, supported by a motivational drive. Ivan S. was able to walk with bilateral help after 4 months of treatment; the cognitive development improved at a slower pace; the child became able to reach for objects but used them only in stereotyped or elementary activities. From this observation it seems possible to confirm our hypothesis that psychomotor education is useful even if undertaken lately and in the absence of a supporting family.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Longterm effects of early rehabilitative treatment are evaluated in 37 premature infants at neurological risk. The late neurological and psychomotor development of this group of children (experimental group) is compared with that of another 35 at risk premature infants (control group), who received only conventional follow-up care. The two groups do not differ in birth-weight, gestational age, sex and neonatal disorders. At 6 years of age the children of the experimental group have a significantly better neurological status and score higher than the control group, on mean mental indices. They also have lower incidence of neurodevelopmental sequelae (learning disabilities and behaviour problems). However children both in the experimental group and the control group have poor visual-motor integration. Similar results are found also in children, who were low-risk premature infants and who have normal intelligence. Our data suggest that a prescribed early rehabilitative treatment for high-risk preterm infants appears enhance the quality of late development. Treated children have the greatest improvement in all measured outcomes at 6 years (included neurological status, motor and overall development), but do not achieve the same level of neurological and behavioral development as full-term control children. One might question whether the latter finding indicate limited efficacy of early treatment or rather the need to consider separate series of norms for the preterm infant in assessing its outcome. This question requires additional follow-up studies.