113 results on '"P, Böckerman"'
Search Results
2. Genetic basis of STEM occupational choice and regional economic performance: a UK biobank genome-wide association study
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Zhu, Chen, Zhao, Qiran, He, Jianbo, Böckerman, Petri, Luo, Siyang, and Chen, Qihui
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- 2023
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3. School achievement in adolescence and the risk of mental disorders in early adulthood: a Finnish nationwide register study
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Weckström, Tarja, Elovainio, Marko, Pulkki-Råback, Laura, Suokas, Kimmo, Komulainen, Kaisla, Mullola, Sari, Böckerman, Petri, and Hakulinen, Christian
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- 2023
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4. Genetic basis of STEM occupational choice and regional economic performance: a UK biobank genome-wide association study
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Chen Zhu, Qiran Zhao, Jianbo He, Petri Böckerman, Siyang Luo, and Qihui Chen
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STEM ,Occupational choice ,Genome-wide association study ,Polygenic score ,Assortative mating ,Comparative economic development ,Medicine ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals are regarded as the highly skilled labor force that fosters economic productivity, enterprise innovation, and international competitiveness of a country. This study aims to understand the genetic predisposition to STEM occupations and investigate its associations with regional economic performance. We conducted a genome-wide association study on the occupational choice of STEM jobs based on a sample of 178,976 participants from the UK Biobank database. Results We identified two genetic loci significantly associated with participants’ STEM job choices: rs10048736 on chromosome 2 and rs12903858 on chromosome 15. The SNP heritability of STEM occupations was estimated to be 4.2%. We also found phenotypic and genetic evidence of assortative mating in STEM occupations. At the local authority level, we found that the average polygenic score of STEM is significantly and robustly associated with several metrics of regional economic performance. Conclusions The current study expands our knowledge of the genetic basis of occupational choice and potential regional disparities in socioeconomic developments.
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- 2023
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5. Effect of weight on depression using multiple genetic instruments.
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Jutta Viinikainen, Petri Böckerman, Barton Willage, Marko Elovainio, Jaana T Kari, Terho Lehtimäki, Jaakko Pehkonen, Niina Pitkänen, and Olli Raitakari
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
A striking global health development over the past few decades has been the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. At the same time, depression has become increasingly common in almost all high-income countries. We investigated whether body weight, measured by body mass index (BMI), has a causal effect on depression symptoms in Finland. Using data drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (N = 1,523, mean age 41.9, SD 5), we used linear regression to establish the relationship between BMI and depression symptoms measured by 21-item Beck's Depression Inventory. To identify causal relationships, we used the Mendelian randomization (MR) method with weighted sums of genetic markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) as instruments for BMI. We employ instruments (polygenic risk scores, PGSs) with varying number of SNPs that are associated with BMI to evaluate the sensitivity of our results to instrument strength. Based on linear regressions, higher BMI was associated with a higher prevalence of depression symptoms among females (b = 0.238, p = 0.000) and males (b = 0.117, p = 0.019). However, the MR results imply that the positive link applies only to females (b = 0.302, p = 0.007) but not to males (b = -0.070, p = 0.520). Poor instrument strength may explain why many previous studies that have utilized genetic instruments have been unable to identify a statistically significant link between BMI and depression-related traits. Although the number of genetic markers in the instrument had only a minor effect on the point estimates, the standard errors were much smaller when more powerful instruments were employed.
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- 2024
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6. Effect of Information Intervention on Prescribing Practice for Neuropathic Pain in Older Patients: A Nationwide Register-Based Study
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Ahomäki, Iiro, Böckerman, Petri, Pehkonen, Jaakko, and Saastamoinen, Leena
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- 2023
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7. Labour market trajectories after part-time sickness absence: a nationwide cohort study from Finland
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Eira Viikari-Juntura, Svetlana Solovieva, Taina Leinonen, Jenni Blomgren, Petri Böckerman, Laura Salonen, and Elli Hartikainen
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Medicine - Abstract
Objectives The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) enables return to part-time work from full sickness absence. However, subsequent labour market outcomes of pSA users depend on various individual and work-related characteristics. We investigated labour market paths of private and public sector employees after having a pSA spell. Moreover, we examined individual and work-related factors associated with following them.Design Longitudinal register-based cohort study.Setting Finnish employed population.Participants 9896 receivers of partial sickness allowance aged 45–56 in the years 2010–2014.Outcome We constructed labour market trajectories based on the proportion of time spent in various labour market statuses measured over 3 years after the end of the pSA spell using multiresponse trajectory analysis. We then examined how different individual and work-related factors were associated with assignment to the different trajectory groups using logistic regression analyses.Results The majority of the pSA users followed paths where work participation was consistently elevated (Sustained Work group, 40.4%), or only slightly reduced (Slightly Reduced Work group, 31.6%). Moreover, more than 1/10th of the users followed a path where receiving partial work disability benefits became predominant (Partial Work Disability group, 12.5%). The rest followed paths where other non-employment (Other Non-Employed group, 7.8%) or full work disability (Full Work Disability group, 7.7%) became the prevailing status. Lower educational level and income predicted assignment to all other groups than the Sustained Work group. Additional predictors were identified, yet these differed between the trajectory groups.Conclusions The majority of the pSA users maintained a connection to working life, yet weaker working life paths were also identified. The paths were determined by various individual and work-related factors that can help health professionals and employers to better target support measures particularly towards individuals whose connection to working life is at risk to weaken after the use of pSA.
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- 2023
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8. The effects of COVID-19-era unemployment and business closures upon the physical and mental health of older Europeans: Mediation through financial circumstances and social activity
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Jason Settels and Petri Böckerman
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Health ,COVID-19 ,Lost work ,Social activity ,Financial circumstances ,Aging ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
COVID-19-era lockdown policies resulted in many older persons entering unemployment, facing financial difficulties and social restrictions, and experiencing declining health. Employing the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe's first COVID-19 module (summer 2020) (N = 11,231) and the Karlson-Holm-Breen method for decomposition of effects within non-linear probability models (logistic regression modelling), we examined associations of pandemic-era lost work with older Europeans' (50–80 years of age) self-assessed health, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms, and mediation through households' difficulties making ends meet, loneliness, and curtailed face-to-face contact with non-relatives. We find that lost work was associated with detriments in all three health outcomes. Total mediation was 23% for worsened self-assessed health, 42% for depressive symptoms, and 23% for anxiety symptoms. In all cases, combined mediation through the two social activity variables was approximately twice the magnitude of mediation through household financial difficulties. This evidence highlights the extent of employment's value for friendship formation and sustenance, and social activity, during the pandemic-era social restrictions. This might be accentuated among older persons because of the social constrictions often concomitant to advancing age. These results emphasize that the social correlates of lost employment, beyond the financial concomitants, should receive thorough research and policy attention, perhaps especially for older adults during public health crises.
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- 2023
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9. Which outcomes should always be measured in intervention studies for improving work participation for people with a health problem? An international multistakeholder Delphi study to develop a core outcome set for Work participation (COS for Work)
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Akizumi Tsutsumi, Lode Godderis, Stefania Curti, Wei Zhang, Alysha Meyers, Ute Bültmann, Emilie Friberg, William Shaw, Yeliz Prior, Ira Madan, Matthias Bethge, Miranda Langendam, Subas Neupane, Timo Hannu, Sosei Yamaguchi, Gunnel Hensing, Diane Lacaille, Jean François Gehanno, Petri Böckerman, Frederieke Schaafsma, Gary Macfarlane, Alexander Hoorntje, Nadine Foster, Clas-Håkan Nygård, Regina Kunz, Jos H Verbeek, Yogindra Samant, Shyam Pingle, Janice Hegewald, Ivan Steenstra, Paul Landsbergis, Per Lytsy, Johannes Anema, Donna Urquhart, Lene Aasdahl, Andreas Hoff, Margarita Ravinskaya, Suzanne M.M. Verstappen, Carel T.J. Hulshof, Jan L. Hoving, Debbie Berkowitz, Jonas Bühler, Trevor Coons, Caroline Crosse, Angela de Boer, Diana Dorstyn, Nicola Goodson, Christine Graveline, Douglas Gross, Karen Walseth Hara, Svenja Janssen, Raymond Lam, Maria Luiza Comper, Steve Mantis, Kohle Merry, Irene Larsen Oyeflaten, Alexis Snyder, Ingrid Sturkenboom, Yvonne Suijkerbuijk, Ilse van Ee, Yvonne van Zaanen, and Karen Walker Bone
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective Synthesising evidence of the effects of interventions to improve work participation among people with health problems is currently difficult due to heterogeneity in outcome measurements. A core outcome set for work participation is needed.Study design and setting Following the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials methodology, we used a five-step approach to reach international multistakeholder consensus on a core outcome set for work participation. Five subgroups of stakeholders took part in two rounds of discussions and completed two Delphi voting rounds on 26 outcomes. A consensus of ≥80% determined core outcomes and 50%–80% consensus was required for candidate outcomes.Results Fifty-eight stakeholders took part in the Delphi rounds. Core outcomes were: ‘any type of employment including self-employment’, ‘proportion of workers that return to work after being absent because of illness’ and ‘time to return to work’. Ten candidate outcomes were proposed, among others: ‘sustainable employment’, ‘work productivity’ and ‘workers’ perception of return to work’.Conclusion As a minimum, all studies evaluating the impact of interventions on work participation should include one employment outcome and two return to work outcomes if workers are on sick leave prior to the intervention.
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- 2023
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10. Transmission of Mental Disorders in Adolescent Peer Networks.
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Alho, Jussi, Gutvilig, Mai, Niemi, Ripsa, Komulainen, Kaisla, Böckerman, Petri, Webb, Roger T., Elovainio, Marko, and Hakulinen, Christian
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EATING disorders ,MENTAL illness ,NINTH grade (Education) ,DELAYED diagnosis ,SOCIAL networks - Abstract
Key Points: Question: Is having peers with a mental disorder in the same social network during adolescence associated with later risk of mental disorder? Findings: In this cohort study including more than 700 000 individuals in Finland, analysis of nationwide, interlinked registry data found that having classmates diagnosed with a mental disorder in the ninth grade of comprehensive school was associated with increased risk of receiving a mental disorder diagnosis later in life. Increased risk remained after adjusting for an array of parental, school-level, and area-level confounders. Meaning: The findings of this study suggest that mental disorders might be socially transmitted within adolescent peer networks. Importance: Previous research indicates that mental disorders may be transmitted from one individual to another within social networks. However, there is a lack of population-based epidemiologic evidence that pertains to the full range of mental disorders. Objective: To examine whether having classmates with a mental disorder diagnosis in the ninth grade of comprehensive school is associated with later risk of being diagnosed with a mental disorder. Design, Setting, and Participants: In a population-based registry study, data on all Finnish citizens born between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 1997, whose demographic, health, and school information were linked from nationwide registers were included. Cohort members were followed up from August 1 in the year they completed ninth grade (approximately aged 16 years) until a diagnosis of mental disorder, emigration, death, or December 31, 2019, whichever occurred first. Data analysis was performed from May 15, 2023, to February 8, 2024. Exposure: The exposure was 1 or more individuals diagnosed with a mental disorder in the same school class in the ninth grade. Main Outcomes and Measures: Being diagnosed with a mental disorder during follow-up. Results: Among the 713 809 cohort members (median age at the start of follow-up, 16.1 [IQR, 15.9-16.4] years; 50.4% were males), 47 433 had a mental disorder diagnosis by the ninth grade. Of the remaining 666 376 cohort members, 167 227 persons (25.1%) received a mental disorder diagnosis during follow-up (7.3 million person-years). A dose-response association was found, with no significant increase in later risk of 1 diagnosed classmate (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02), but a 5% increase with more than 1 diagnosed classmate (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04-1.06). The risk was not proportional over time but was highest during the first year of follow-up, showing a 9% increase for 1 diagnosed classmate (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14), and an 18% increase for more than 1 diagnosed classmate (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13-1.24). Of the examined mental disorders, the risk was greatest for mood, anxiety, and eating disorders. Increased risk was observed after adjusting for an array of parental, school-level, and area-level confounders. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest that mental disorders might be transmitted within adolescent peer networks. More research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the possible transmission of mental disorders. This cohort study examines the transmission of mental disorders among adolescents observed in follow-up after school exposure to 1 or more classmates diagnosed with a mental disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Lost mind, lost job? Unequal effects of corporate downsizings on employees
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Böckerman, Petri, Haapanen, Mika, and Johansson, Edvard
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We investigate whether employees with mental health disorders are likelier to be laid off during corporate downsizings. Our study uses nationwide administrative data from all private sector firms and their employees in Finland from 2001 to 2017 and focuses on firms with at least 20 employees that reduced their workforce by at least 20% over two consecutive years. We analyse whether the employees who were laid off had more diagnosed mental health disorders prior to downsizing compared than those who were not laid off. Controlling for employee characteristics, our baseline results show that a mental health disorder diagnosis in the 3 years before downsizing increases the likelihood of being laid off by about 6 percentage points. This highlights the increased vulnerability of employees with mental health disorders in mass layoff situations.
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- 2024
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12. Harsh times: do stressors lead to labor market losses?
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Maczulskij, Terhi and Böckerman, Petri
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- 2019
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13. Moving to become healthier?
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Edvard Johansson, Petri Böckerman, and Seppo Koskinen
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Self-reported health ,Migration ,Place effects ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper examines individuals’ health and whether it improves when individuals move from a region with poorer health on average to a region with better health on average. We used data from Finland, which is a country with large regional differences in health behaviours and outcomes. We found no evidence that moving from a less healthy region to a healthier region would have any significant effect on the health of individuals who move compared with the health of other individuals. We also examined the potential heterogeneity in the analysed relationships. We found evidence of a relationship between moving itself and health improvements, but this generally true only for our subsample of individuals who had only average or poorer health before moving.
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- 2020
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14. Establishment and Characterization of a Novel Gill Cell Line, LG-1, from Atlantic Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.)
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Hilde Sindre, Mona C. Gjessing, Johanna Hol Fosse, Lene C. Hermansen, Inger Böckerman, Marit M. Amundsen, Maria K. Dahle, and Anita Solhaug
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cleaner fish ,lumpfish ,respiration ,epithelial ,endothelial ,virus ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
The use of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) as a cleaner fish to fight sea lice infestation in farmed Atlantic salmon has become increasingly common. Still, tools to increase our knowledge about lumpfish biology are lacking. Here, we successfully established and characterized the first Lumpfish Gill cell line (LG-1). LG-1 are adherent, homogenous and have a flat, stretched-out and almost transparent appearance. Transmission electron microscopy revealed cellular protrusions and desmosome-like structures that, together with their ability to generate a transcellular epithelial/endothelial resistance, suggest an epithelial or endothelial cell type. Furthermore, the cells exert Cytochrome P450 1A activity. LG-1 supported the propagation of several viruses that may lead to severe infectious diseases with high mortalities in fish farming, including viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Altogether, our data indicate that the LG-1 cell line originates from an epithelial or endothelial cell type and will be a valuable in vitro research tool to study gill cell function as well as host-pathogen interactions in lumpfish.
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- 2021
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15. Vaikuttavatko osallistavat johtamismenetelmät yritysten tuottavuuteen?
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Petri Böckerman, Mari Kangasniemi, and Antti Kauhanen
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Labor. Work. Working class ,HD4801-8943 ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
Tässä artikkelissa tutkitaan osallistavien johtamismenetelmien vaikutusta tuottavuuteen Suomen yksityisellä sektorilla. Aiempi tutkimus osoittaa, että tuottavammat yritykset käyttävät myös useammin osallistavia johtamismenetelmiä. Kausaalisuuden osoittaminen on kuitenkin vaikeaa, koska yritykset valikoituvat käyttämään erilaisia johtamismenetelmiä. Tämän vuoksi voi olla niin, että ainoastaan korkeamman tuottavuuden yrityksissä on ”varaa” kokeilla uusia menettelytapoja, tai että erityisen huonosti menestyvissä yrityksissä ”pitää” kokeilla uusia menettelytapoja, jotta ne pärjäisivät kilpailussa muiden yritysten kanssa. Tutkimus toteutetaan yhdistämällä johtamismenetelmiä kartoittava yksityisen sektorin yrityksiä edustava kysely Tilastokeskuksen yritysrekistereihin. Regressiomalleihin perustuvat tulokset osoittavat, että osallistavilla johtamismenetelmillä ja työnteon muodoilla ei ole selkeää positiivista yhteyttä yritysten työn tuottavuuteen, kun muut tuottavuuteen vaikuttavat keskeiset tekijät sekä yritysten tuottavuushistoria on huomioitu malleissa. Tulokset osoittavat myös sen, että eri johtamismenetelmien käytöllä on yhteyksiä esimerkiksi organisaatiotasojen määrään ja korkeasti koulutettujen osuuteen yrityksessä.
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- 2019
16. Health endowment and later-life outcomes in the labour market: Evidence using genetic risk scores and reduced-form models
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Jaakko Pehkonen, Jutta Viinikainen, Petri Böckerman, Niina Pitkänen, Terho Lehtimäki, and Olli Raitakari
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between health endowment and later-life outcomes in the labour market. The analysis is based on reduced-form models in which labour market outcomes are regressed on genetic variants related to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. We use linked Finnish data that have many strengths. Genetic risk scores constitute exogenous measures for health endowment, and accurate administrative tax records on earnings, employment and social income transfers provide a comprehensive account of an individual’s long-term performance in the labour market. The results show that although the direction of an effect is generally consistent with theoretical reasoning, the effects of health endowment on outcomes are statistically weak, and the hypothesis of no effect can be rejected only in one case: genetic endowment related to obesity influences male earnings and employment in prime age. Due to the sample size (N = 1651), the results should be interpreted with caution and should be confirmed in larger samples and in other institutional settings. JEL classification: D62, I1, I12, J01, J24, J3, J7, Keywords: Genetics, Health endowment, Earnings, Employment, Social income transfers, Reduced-form regression
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- 2019
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17. Alternative measures of body composition and wage premium: New evidence from Indonesia.
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Md Nazmul Ahsan and Petri Böckerman
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between body composition and earnings in a developing country setting. We use body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference. Exploiting the panel structure of our longitudinal survey, we find that along with BMI, waist circumference is related to higher earnings in Indonesia.
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- 2019
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18. The Role of Social Ties in Explaining Heterogeneity in the Association Between Economic Growth and Subjective Well-Being
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Böckerman, Petri, Laamanen, Jani-Petri, and Palosaari, Esa
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- 2016
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19. The biometric antecedents to happiness.
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Petri Böckerman, Alex Bryson, Jutta Viinikainen, Christian Hakulinen, Mirka Hintsanen, Jaakko Pehkonen, Jorma Viikari, and Olli Raitakari
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
It has been suggested that biological markers are associated with human happiness. We contribute to the empirical literature by examining the independent association between various aspects of biometric wellbeing measured in childhood and happiness in adulthood. Using Young Finns Study data (n = 1905) and nationally representative linked data we examine whether eight biomarkers measured in childhood (1980) are associated with happiness in adulthood (2001). Using linked data we account for a very rich set of confounders including age, sex, body size, family background, nutritional intake, physical activity, income, education and labour market experiences. We find that there is a negative relationship between triglycerides and subjective well-being but it is both gender- and age-specific and the relationship does not prevail using the later measurements (1983/1986) on triglycerides. In summary, we conclude that none of the eight biomarkers measured in childhood predict happiness robustly in adulthood.
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- 2017
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20. Dark Passage
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Böckerman, Petri, Haapanen, Mika, and Jepsen, Christopher
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We study the effects of parental death on children’s mental health. Combining nationwide administrative data for Finnish citizens born between 1971 and 1986, we utilize an event study methodology to analyze hospitalization for mental health–related reasons by the age of 30. We find no clear evidence of increased hospitalization following the death of a parent of a different sex, but there are significant effects for boys losing their fathers and, to a lesser extent, girls losing their mothers. We analyze the effects in a country that has committed substantial financial resources to implement school health care for all pupils. In countries where such policies do not exist or where the coverage of primary health-care services in schools is not universal, the negative effects on mental health may arguably be even larger.
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- 2023
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21. Creatine and entrepreneurship
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Rietveld, Cornelius A., Böckerman, Petri, Viinikainen, Jutta, Bryson, Alex, Raitakari, Olli, and Pehkonen, Jaakko
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- 2016
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22. The Negative Association of Obesity with Subjective Well-Being: Is it All About Health?
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Böckerman, Petri, Johansson, Edvard, Saarni, Samuli I., and Saarni, Suoma E.
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- 2014
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23. Integron, Plasmid and Host Strain Characteristics of Escherichia coli from Humans and Food Included in the Norwegian Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Programs.
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Marianne Sunde, Gunnar Skov Simonsen, Jannice Schau Slettemeås, Inger Böckerman, and Madelaine Norström
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli (n=331) isolates from humans with bloodstream infections were investigated for the presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons. The integron cassettes arrays were characterized and the findings were compared with data from similar investigations on resistant E. coli from meat and meat products (n=241) produced during the same time period. All isolates were obtained from the Norwegian monitoring programs for antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens and in the veterinary sector. Methods used included PCR, sequencing, conjugation experiments, plasmid replicon typing and subtyping, pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis and serotyping. Integrons of class 1 and 2 occurred significantly more frequently among human isolates; 45.4% (95% CI: 39.9-50.9) than among isolates from meat; 18% (95% CI: 13.2 -23.3), (p
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- 2015
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24. The effect of polytechnic reform on migration
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Böckerman, Petri and Haapanen, Mika
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- 2013
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25. The contribution of morbidity and unemployment for the reduced labor market participation of individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 in Finland
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Kallionpää, Roope A., Johansson, Edvard, Böckerman, Petri, Peltonen, Juha, and Peltonen, Sirkku
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Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a multisystem disorder associated with, for example, a high risk for cancer, a variety of behavioral and cognitive deficits, low educational attainment and decreased income. We now examined the labor market participation of individuals with NF1. We analyzed the numbers of days of work, unemployment, and sickness allowance among 742 Finnish individuals with NF1 aged 20–59 years using nationwide register data from Statistics Finland and the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. The individuals with NF1 were compared with a control cohort of 8716 individuals matched with age, sex, and the area of residence. Individuals with NF1 had a significantly lower number of working days per year than the controls (rate ratio [RR] 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.95). Unemployment (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.58–2.02), and sickness absence (RR 1.44, 95% CI 1.25–1.67) were more frequent in the NF1 than in the control group. The causes of sickness allowances were highly concordant with the previously reported morbidity profile of NF1 including neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, mental and behavioral diseases, and neurological diseases. In conclusion, NF1 significantly interferes with labor market participation viaboth unemployment and morbidity. Unemployment seems to cause more days of not working than sickness absence.
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- 2023
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26. Elusive Effects of Unemployment on Happiness
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Böckerman, Petri and Ilmakunnas, Pekka
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- 2006
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27. Alcohol-related mortality, drinking behavior, and business cycles: Are slumps really dry seasons?
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Johansson, Edvard, Böckerman, Petri, Prättälä, Ritva, and Uutela, Antti
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- 2006
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28. Perception of Job Instability in Europe
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Böckerman, Petri
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- 2004
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29. Prospective multicentre cohort trial on acute appendicitis and microbiota, aetiology and effects of antimicrobial treatment: study protocol for the MAPPAC (Microbiology APPendicitis ACuta) trial
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Sanja, Vanhatalo, Eveliina, Munukka, Suvi, Sippola, Sirpa, Jalkanen, Juha, Grönroos, Harri, Marttila, Erkki, Eerola, Saija, Hurme, Antti J, Hakanen, Paulina, Salminen, and P, Böckerman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,appendicitis ,appendicitisaetiology ,medicine.drug_class ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Antibiotics ,Administration, Oral ,Gastroenterology and Hepatology ,030230 surgery ,Placebo ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Feces ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antibiotic resistance ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Protocol ,microbiota ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,antimicrobial resistance ,Finland ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,medicine.disease ,appendectomy ,appendicolith ,Appendicitis ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Clinical trial ,Cohort ,Acute Disease ,Etiology ,Administration, Intravenous ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
IntroductionBased on the epidemiological and clinical data, acute appendicitis can present either as uncomplicated or complicated. The aetiology of these different appendicitis forms remains unknown. Antibiotic therapy has been shown to be safe, efficient and cost-effective for CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Despite appendicitis being one of the most common surgical emergencies, there are very few reports on appendicitis aetiology and pathophysiology focusing on the differences between uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis. Microbiology APPendicitis ACuta (MAPPAC) trial aims to evaluate these microbiological and immunological aspects including immune response in the aetiology of these different forms also assessing both antibiotics non-responders and appendicitis recurrence. In addition, MAPPAC aims to determine antibiotic and placebo effects on gut microbiota composition and antimicrobial resistance.Methods and analysisMAPPAC is a prospective clinical trial with both single-centre and multicentre arm conducted in close synergy with concurrent trials APPendicitis ACuta II (APPAC II) (per oral (p.o.) vs intravenous+p.o. antibiotics,NCT03236961) and APPAC III (double-blind trial placebo vs antibiotics,NCT03234296) randomised clinical trials. Based on the enrolment for these trials, patients with CT-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis are recruited also to the MAPPAC study. In addition to these conservatively treated randomised patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis, MAPPAC will recruit patients with uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis undergoing appendectomy. Rectal and appendiceal swabs, appendicolith, faecal and serum samples, appendiceal biopsies and clinical data are collected during the hospital stay for microbiological and immunological analyses in both study arms with the longitudinal study arm collecting faecal samples also during follow-up up to 12 months after appendicitis treatment.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital District of Southwest Finland (Turku University Hospital, approval number ATMK:142/1800/2016) and the Finnish Medicines Agency. Results of the trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03257423
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- 2019
30. Ultrastructure of the nerve cells and sensilla of Geocentrophora baltica (Platyhelminthes, Lecithoepitheliata) and the surface sensilla in the Geocentrophora group
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Böckerman, Inger, Raikova, Olga I., Reuter, Maria, and Timoshkin, Oleg
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- 1995
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31. Ultrastructure of the ciliary pits in the Geocentrophora group (Platyhelminthes, Lecithoepitheliata)
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Raikova, Olga I., Reuter, Maria, Böckerman, Inger, and Timoshkin, Oleg A.
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- 1995
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32. The rare disease neurofibromatosis 1 as a source of hereditary economic inequality: Evidence from Finland
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Johansson, Edvard, Kallionpää, Roope A., Böckerman, Petri, Peltonen, Sirkku, and Peltonen, Juha
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This study investigated whether individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) fare worse than individuals without NF1 in terms of economic well-being. NF1 is relatively common in the population and provides an informative case of a rare hereditary disease.
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- 2022
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33. The effects of COVID-19-era unemployment and business closures upon the physical and mental health of older Europeans: Mediation through financial circumstances and social activity
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Settels, Jason and Böckerman, Petri
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COVID-19-era lockdown policies resulted in many older persons entering unemployment, facing financial difficulties and social restrictions, and experiencing declining health. Employing the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe's first COVID-19 module (summer 2020) (N = 11,231) and the Karlson-Holm-Breen method for decomposition of effects within non-linear probability models (logistic regression modelling), we examined associations of pandemic-era lost work with older Europeans' (50–80 years of age) self-assessed health, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms, and mediation through households' difficulties making ends meet, loneliness, and curtailed face-to-face contact with non-relatives. We find that lost work was associated with detriments in all three health outcomes. Total mediation was 23% for worsened self-assessed health, 42% for depressive symptoms, and 23% for anxiety symptoms. In all cases, combined mediation through the two social activity variables was approximately twice the magnitude of mediation through household financial difficulties. This evidence highlights the extent of employment's value for friendship formation and sustenance, and social activity, during the pandemic-era social restrictions. This might be accentuated among older persons because of the social constrictions often concomitant to advancing age. These results emphasize that the social correlates of lost employment, beyond the financial concomitants, should receive thorough research and policy attention, perhaps especially for older adults during public health crises.
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- 2023
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34. Stature and long-term labor market outcomes: Evidence using Mendelian randomization.
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Böckerman, Petri, Viinikainen, Jutta, Vainiomäki, Jari, Hintsanen, Mirka, Pitkänen, Niina, Lehtimäki, Terho, Pehkonen, Jaakko, Rovio, Suvi, and Raitakari, Olli
- Abstract
We use the Young Finns Study (N = ∼2000) on the measured height linked to register-based long-term labor market outcomes. The data contain six age cohorts (ages 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18, in 1980) with the average age of 31.7, in 2001, and with the female share of 54.7. We find that taller people earn higher earnings according to the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation. The OLS models show that 10 cm of extra height is associated with 13% higher earnings. We use Mendelian randomization, with the genetic score as an instrumental variable (IV) for height to account for potential confounders that are related to socioeconomic background, early life conditions and parental investments, which are otherwise very difficult to fully account for when using covariates in observational studies. The IV point estimate is much lower and not statistically significant, suggesting that the OLS estimation provides an upward biased estimate for the height premium. Our results show the potential value of using genetic information to gain new insights into the determinants of long-term labor market success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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35. Terveys - avain menestykseen työmarkkinoilla?
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BÖCKERMAN, PETRI and MACZULSKIJ, TERHI
- Abstract
Copyright of Yhteiskuntapolitiikka is the property of University of Helsinki, Faculty of Political Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
36. Did the Finnish depression of the early 1990s have a silver lining? The effect of unemployment on long-term physical activity.
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Salokangas, Henri, Böckerman, Petri, Huikari, Sanna, Korhonen, Marko, Korpelainen, Raija, and Svento, Rauli
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This paper studies the impact of long-term unemployment on physical activity. We examined the effects 6 and 15 years following a severe business cycle downturn in Finland over the period 1991–1994. The study sample comprised residents of Northern Finland. The unemployed individuals were 23–26 years old during the downturn. Physical activity, measured by MET minutes and meeting WHO guidelines, was higher 15 years later among those people who experienced the longest periods of unemployment in 1991–1994. Physical activity was somewhat lower among people with relatively shorter periods of unemployment. • We study the effect of unemployment on long-term physical activity. • We use the Finnish Depression of the early 1990s as a source of an abrupt labor market shock. • The effect is varies in terms of the months spent unemployed during the recession. • Unemployment is generally not linked to increased physical activity. • The link is found for those with longest periods of unemployment during the recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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37. Does better education mitigate risky health behavior? A mendelian randomization study.
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Viinikainen, Jutta, Bryson, Alex, Böckerman, Petri, Kari, Jaana T., Lehtimäki, Terho, Raitakari, Olli, Viikari, Jorma, and Pehkonen, Jaakko
- Abstract
Education and risky health behaviors are strongly negatively correlated. Education may affect health behaviors by enabling healthier choices through higher disposable income, increasing information about the harmful effects of risky health behaviors, or altering time preferences. Alternatively, the observed negative correlation may stem from reverse causality or unobserved confounders. Based on the data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study linked to register-based information on educational attainment and family background, this paper identifies the causal effect of education on risky health behaviors. To examine causal effects, we used a genetic score as an instrument for years of education. We found that individuals with higher education allocated more attention to healthy habits. In terms of health behaviors, highly educated people were less likely to smoke. Some model specifications also indicated that the highly educated consumed more fruit and vegetables, but the results were imprecise in this regard. No causal effect was found between education and abusive drinking. In brief, inference based on genetic instruments showed that higher education leads to better choices in some but not all dimensions of health behaviors. • Higher education is associated with better health behaviors. • Reverse causality or unobserved confounders may explain this correlation. • We use genetic instruments to identify the linkage between education and health behaviors. • We find that the highly educated smoke less and pay more attention to healthy habits. • No association was found between education and abusive drinking patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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38. The relationship between physical work and the height premium: Finnish evidence.
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Böckerman, Petri, Johansson, Edvard, Kiiskinen, Urpo, and Heliövaara, Markku
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HUMAN body composition ,WAGES ,AGE groups ,WORK capacity evaluation ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Abstract: This paper examines the role of physical strength in the determination of the height wage premium by using the “Health 2000 in Finland” data that contain both self-reported information on the physical strenuousness of work, and information on muscle mass from medical examinations. The results suggest that there are generally no distinct differences in the height premium between four different work strain categories. We also find that muscle mass is positively associated with wages per se. The premium is both statistically and economically more significant for men than for women. In terms of occupational sorting, we observe that the shortest men do physically very demanding work and the tallest do sedentary work, even after controlling for the influences of age and education. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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39. Obesity and labour market success in Finland: The difference between having a high BMI and being fat.
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Johansson, Edvard, Böckerman, Petri, Kiiskinen, Urpo, and Heliövaara, Markku
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OBESITY ,LABOR market ,OVERWEIGHT persons ,BODY mass index ,HUMAN body composition ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,WOMEN'S employment - Abstract
Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between obesity and labour market success in Finland, using various indicators of individual body composition along with body mass index (BMI). Weight, height, fat mass and waist circumference are measured by health professionals. We find that only waist circumference has a negative association with wages for women, whereas no obesity measure is significant in the linear wage models for men. However, all measures of obesity are negatively associated with women''s employment probability and fat mass is negatively associated with men''s employment probability. We also find that the use of categories for waist circumference and fat mass has a substantial influence on the results. For example, the category for high fat mass is associated with roughly 5.5% lower wages for men. All in all, the results indicate that in the absence of measures of body composition, there is a risk that labour market penalties associated with obesity are measured with bias. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2009
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40. The Job Satisfaction-Productivity Nexus: A Study Using Matched Survey and Register Data
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Böckerman, Petri and Ilmakunnas, Pekka
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The authors examine the role of employee job satisfaction in Finnish manufacturing plants over the period 1996–2001 to determine the extent to which it affects establishment-level productivity. Using matched data on job satisfaction from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) and information on establishment productivity from longitudinal register data linked to the ECHP, they estimate that the effect of an increase in the establishment's average level of employee job satisfaction on productivity is positive, but its magnitude varies depending on the specification of the model. The authors use an instrumental variables point estimate and find that an increase in the measure of job satisfaction by one within-plant standard deviation increases value-added per hours worked in manufacturing by 6.6%.
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- 2012
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41. Sosiaalista Eurooppaa rakentamassa.
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BÖCKERMAN, PETRI and SAARI, JUHO
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Following the French and Dutch "no" to the Constitution, the EU Directorate-General Communication commissioned a wide-ranging Special Eurobarometer on the subject of Europe's future. One of the main aims of the survey was to take stock of European people's expectations of different policies. In this article, we analyse EU citizens' viewpoints on the assignment of competence to EU level in matters of social affairs, gender equality and health. Specifically, we focus on country differences and individual characteristics that explain EU citizens' opinions about these issues. Furthermore, we are interested to study EU citizens' views about the harmonisation of social welfare systems within the European Union. This is a particularly interesting question because the harmonisation of social welfare systems is ruled out in EU treaties. For the Special Eurobarometer, almost 25,000 people were interviewed in the 25 EU Member States using the Eurobarometer survey methodology. The survey frame consists of those aged 15 years and over. A multi-stage, random (probability) sample design was applied in all Member States. In each country, a number of households were drawn with a probability proportional to the population size (for a total coverage of the country) and to population density. In each household, a respondent was drawn at random. All interviews were conducted face-to-face in people's homes by using the appropriate national language. We analyse EU citizens' responses to the assignment of competence and harmonisation by using probit and ordered probit models. There is considerable support among EU citizens for the view that more competence should be assigned to the EU level. In most EU member countries, the majority of the respondents favour the idea that more competence should be given to the EU level on the social dimension. However, the results reveal large country differences in notions about the assignment of competence to the EU level in matters of social affairs, gender equality and health. Citizens from Cyprus, Luxembourg and Belgium are most in favour of this particular idea. Approval of the assignment of competence to the EU level is also strong in Portugal. One explanation for this is that citizens in Portugal see the European Union as a vehicle for modernisation. In contrast, citizens from the UK, Estonia and Austria take the most negative stand on this issue. The most important individual characteristics that explain EU citizens' viewpoints about the strengthening of the social dimension are respondent's age and their opinions about the EU and globalisation. In matters of social affairs, gender equality and health, young people are substantially more inclined to assign competence to the EU level than older people. In addition, those who take a positive stand on the EU and/or globalisation are favourable to the idea of giving more competence to the EU level. Based on these results, it seems that EU citizens have accepted the idea that the European Union has a prominent role to play in strengthening the social dimension, because individual EU member countries are too small players in the global economy to wield any influence on these issues. Interestingly, young people take the most critical position on the harmonisation of social welfare systems within the European Union. Furthermore, those who view globalisation positively are also favourable to the idea of harmonising social welfare systems within the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
42. Early health, risk aversion and stock market participation
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Böckerman, Petri, Conlin, Andrew, and Svento, Rauli
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To examine the relationship between early health status and financial decisions in adulthood, we link information on birth weight in 1966 from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort to data from the Finnish Central Securities Depository over the period of 1995–2010. We find that persons predisposed to poor health status in early childhood (indicated by low birth weight) avoid participating in the stock market in adulthood, with a 10% increase in birth weight associated with a 1.9% increase in probability of participation. The link between birth weight and stock market participation is partially channeled by poor early health status being associated with higher risk aversion. Early health status is not significantly related to risk taking in terms of the stock portfolio’s composition.
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- 2021
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43. Do childhood infections affect labour market outcomes in adulthood and, if so, how?
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Viinikainen, Jutta, Bryson, Alex, Böckerman, Petri, Elovainio, Marko, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Juonala, Markus, Lehtimäki, Terho, Pahkala, Katja, Rovio, Suvi, Pulkki-Råback, Laura, Raitakari, Olli, and Pehkonen, Jaakko
- Abstract
• The study examines infection-related hospitalizations (IRHs) in childhood. • Having an additional IRH is associated with weaker labour market outcomes (LMO). • The links between IRHs and LMO are similar during early and later childhood. • The connection is partly mediated through education but not through adult health. • IRH prevention and/or educational support for children who suffer from IRH is needed. A burgeoning body of literature suggests that poor childhood health leads to adverse health outcomes, lower educational attainment and weaker labour market outcomes in adulthood. We focus on an important but under-researched topic, which is the role played by infection-related hospitalization (IRH) in childhood and its links to labour market outcomes later in life. The participants aged 24–30 years in 2001 N = 1706 were drawn from the Young Finns Study, which includes comprehensive registry data on IRHs in childhood at ages 0–18 years. These data are linked to longitudinal registry information on labour market outcomes (2001–2012) and parental background (1980). The estimations were performed using ordinary least squares (OLS). The results showed that having an additional IRH is associated with lower log earnings (b = -0.110, 95 % confidence interval (CI): −0.193; −0.026), fewer years of being employed (b = −0.018, 95 % CI: −0.031; −0.005), a higher probability of receiving any social income transfers (b = 0.012, 95 % CI: −0.002; 0.026) and larger social income transfers, conditional on receiving any (b = 0.085, 95 % CI: 0.025; 0.145). IRHs are negatively linked to human capital accumulation, which explains a considerable part of the observed associations between IRHs and labour market outcomes. We did not find support for the hypothesis that adult health mediates the link. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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44. Do good working conditions make you work longer? Analyzing retirement decisions using linked survey and register data
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Böckerman, Petri and Ilmakunnas, Pekka
- Abstract
•We analyze the role of working conditions in employees’ retirement behavior.•We use two nationally representative cross-sectional surveys linked to register data.•Job dissatisfaction arising from adverse working conditions leads to intentions to retire.•Intentions to retire lead to actual retirement during the follow-up period.
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- 2020
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45. Moving to become healthier?
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Johansson, Edvard, Böckerman, Petri, and Koskinen, Seppo
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This paper examines individuals’ health and whether it improves when individuals move from a region with poorer health on average to a region with better health on average. We used data from Finland, which is a country with large regional differences in health behaviours and outcomes. We found no evidence that moving from a less healthy region to a healthier region would have any significant effect on the health of individuals who move compared with the health of other individuals. We also examined the potential heterogeneity in the analysed relationships. We found evidence of a relationship between moving itself and health improvements, but this generally true only for our subsample of individuals who had only average or poorer health before moving.
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- 2020
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46. Health endowment and later-life outcomes in the labour market: Evidence using genetic risk scores and reduced-form models
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Pehkonen, Jaakko, Viinikainen, Jutta, Böckerman, Petri, Pitkänen, Niina, Lehtimäki, Terho, and Raitakari, Olli
- Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between health endowment and later-life outcomes in the labour market. The analysis is based on reduced-form models in which labour market outcomes are regressed on genetic variants related to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. We use linked Finnish data that have many strengths. Genetic risk scores constitute exogenous measures for health endowment, and accurate administrative tax records on earnings, employment and social income transfers provide a comprehensive account of an individual’s long-term performance in the labour market. The results show that although the direction of an effect is generally consistent with theoretical reasoning, the effects of health endowment on outcomes are statistically weak, and the hypothesis of no effect can be rejected only in one case: genetic endowment related to obesity influences male earnings and employment in prime age. Due to the sample size (N = 1651), the results should be interpreted with caution and should be confirmed in larger samples and in other institutional settings.
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- 2019
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47. MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER IN FREE-RANGING CERVIDS ASSOCIATED WITH OVHV-2 AND CPHV-2 DNA
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Vikøren, Turid, Li, Hong, Lillehaug, Atle, Monceyron Jonassen, Christine, Böckerman, Inger, and Handeland, Kjell
- Published
- 2006
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48. Effects of nurse visit copayment on primary care use: Do low-income households pay the price?
- Author
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Haaga T, Böckerman P, Kortelainen M, and Tukiainen J
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Income, Primary Health Care, Cost Sharing, Poverty
- Abstract
Nurses are increasingly providing primary care, yet the literature on cost-sharing has paid little attention to nurse visits. We employ a staggered difference-in-differences design to examine the effects of adopting a 10-euro copayment for nurse visits on the use of public primary care among Finnish adults. We find that the copayment reduced nurse visits by 9%-10% during a one-year follow-up. There is heterogeneity by income in absolute terms, but not in relative terms. The spillover effects on general practitioner (GP) use are negative but small, with varying statistical significance. We also analyze the subsequent nationwide abolition of the copayment. However, we refrain from drawing causal conclusions from this due to the lack of credibility in the parallel trends assumption. Overall, our analysis suggests that moderate copayments can create a greater barrier to access for low-income individuals. We also provide an example of using a pre-analysis plan for retrospective observational data., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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49. Effect of weight on depression using multiple genetic instruments.
- Author
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Viinikainen J, Böckerman P, Willage B, Elovainio M, Kari JT, Lehtimäki T, Pehkonen J, Pitkänen N, and Raitakari O
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Body Mass Index, Genetic Markers, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Overweight epidemiology, Overweight genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, Depression epidemiology, Depression genetics, Obesity epidemiology, Obesity genetics
- Abstract
A striking global health development over the past few decades has been the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. At the same time, depression has become increasingly common in almost all high-income countries. We investigated whether body weight, measured by body mass index (BMI), has a causal effect on depression symptoms in Finland. Using data drawn from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (N = 1,523, mean age 41.9, SD 5), we used linear regression to establish the relationship between BMI and depression symptoms measured by 21-item Beck's Depression Inventory. To identify causal relationships, we used the Mendelian randomization (MR) method with weighted sums of genetic markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) as instruments for BMI. We employ instruments (polygenic risk scores, PGSs) with varying number of SNPs that are associated with BMI to evaluate the sensitivity of our results to instrument strength. Based on linear regressions, higher BMI was associated with a higher prevalence of depression symptoms among females (b = 0.238, p = 0.000) and males (b = 0.117, p = 0.019). However, the MR results imply that the positive link applies only to females (b = 0.302, p = 0.007) but not to males (b = -0.070, p = 0.520). Poor instrument strength may explain why many previous studies that have utilized genetic instruments have been unable to identify a statistically significant link between BMI and depression-related traits. Although the number of genetic markers in the instrument had only a minor effect on the point estimates, the standard errors were much smaller when more powerful instruments were employed., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Viinikainen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2024
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50. Labour market trajectories after part-time sickness absence: a nationwide cohort study from Finland.
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Hartikainen E, Salonen L, Solovieva S, Blomgren J, Böckerman P, Viikari-Juntura E, and Leinonen T
- Subjects
- Humans, Cohort Studies, Finland, Occupations, Sick Leave, Employment
- Abstract
Objectives: The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) enables return to part-time work from full sickness absence. However, subsequent labour market outcomes of pSA users depend on various individual and work-related characteristics. We investigated labour market paths of private and public sector employees after having a pSA spell. Moreover, we examined individual and work-related factors associated with following them., Design: Longitudinal register-based cohort study., Setting: Finnish employed population., Participants: 9896 receivers of partial sickness allowance aged 45-56 in the years 2010-2014., Outcome: We constructed labour market trajectories based on the proportion of time spent in various labour market statuses measured over 3 years after the end of the pSA spell using multiresponse trajectory analysis. We then examined how different individual and work-related factors were associated with assignment to the different trajectory groups using logistic regression analyses., Results: The majority of the pSA users followed paths where work participation was consistently elevated (Sustained Work group, 40.4%), or only slightly reduced (Slightly Reduced Work group, 31.6%). Moreover, more than 1/10th of the users followed a path where receiving partial work disability benefits became predominant (Partial Work Disability group, 12.5%). The rest followed paths where other non-employment (Other Non-Employed group, 7.8%) or full work disability (Full Work Disability group, 7.7%) became the prevailing status. Lower educational level and income predicted assignment to all other groups than the Sustained Work group. Additional predictors were identified, yet these differed between the trajectory groups., Conclusions: The majority of the pSA users maintained a connection to working life, yet weaker working life paths were also identified. The paths were determined by various individual and work-related factors that can help health professionals and employers to better target support measures particularly towards individuals whose connection to working life is at risk to weaken after the use of pSA., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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