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Objective: This study analyzed organelle toxicities of nanometals applied as free formulations or titanium rod-coating materials in rats., Methods: All materials were injected intraperitoneally, including the physiological saline applied to the control group. The first experimental group was implanted with nanosilver-coated titanium rods, and the second, third, and fourth groups received free nanosilver at rising levels. The fifth group was implanted with nanosilver, nanocopper, and nanozinc-coated titanium rods, and the sixth group received the same nanometals as free formulations. Light and electron microscopy and ICP-Mass Spectrometry were utilized to determine the neural, hepatic, and renal toxicities and tissue metal levels., Results: In brains, neuropil, myelin, and cellular damages occurred, especially in groups receiving high-dose nanosilver or nanometal combinations. Histiocyte accumulation and dark mitochondria within hepatocytes were discernible in the liver. Kidneys were the organs that were most severely affected by nanometal toxicity. The nephrotoxicity was apparent with the perturbations of the membrane infoldings and mitochondrial damage in the proximal and distal convoluted epithelia. Large angular peroxisomes developed inside the mesangial cells, and Golgi bodies increased in epithelial cells. Systemic metal levels increased on the thirtieth and prominently dropped on the sixtieth day., Conclusion: These results provide insights into the extent of injury and organelle targets of nanometals and will guide optimizing the nanomaterials and implants used in the surgical practice., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None to declare., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Management of interhemispheric pathologies requires surgical intervention through a restricted anatomical corridor ensconced within critical cerebral structures. The use of retractors to facilitate operative access may cause damage to cerebral tissue. The development of an innovative retraction technique designed to alleviate cerebral damage in such cases is imperative. In this study, we present a novel and gentle retraction method to facilitate the interhemisferic approach., Methods: We retrospectively examined data of 9 right-handed patients who underwent surgical resection of interhemispheric lesions between 2021 and 2022. All patients underwent surgery for the first time because of this pathology. All operative specimens were histologically confirmed. Clinical characteristics, operative details, and follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed., Results: The new retraction technique was successfully applied to 8 tumor patients and 1 patient with an aneurysm. Eight patients had an anterior interhemispheric approach, and 1 patient had a posterior interhemispheric approach. Complete surgical excision was achieved in all patients with no postoperative complications. Postoperative Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no signs of ischemia or contusion. All patients exhibited significant improvements in their symptoms. An illustrative video that elucidates the removal of an interhemispheric epidermoid tumor, employing the anterior ipsilateral interhemispheric approach, featuring the novel retraction method., Conclusions: The ideal retraction technique during the interhemispheric approach is still a challenge. Our novel retraction technique may help minimize brain parenchymal damage during surgical resection of interhemispheric lesions., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)