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Despite their wounding potential, air guns are accepted as low-profile weapons or toys, and are not considered as lethal weapons. The aims of this study are to determine the wounding potential of air guns and to increase the consciousness about the dangers of the air guns. The kinetic energy limits are mentioned in 11 different countries’ legislations are evaluated with respect to test results. Twelve Kraton RTM G1 (15%) Transparent Ballistic Candle Blocks were prepared as the artificial soft-tissue test media in three different test models. A 4.5 mm air pistol and a 5.5 mm air rifle were used in the tests, which were performed in 1 and 10 m ranges. The mean penetration depth of the air pistol shots was 25.60 mm and the air rifle penetration was 79.14 mm from the 1 m range for three test models. In the 10 m range, the mean penetration depth of air pistol shots was 25.30 mm, while 79.19 mm was recorded for the air rifle. Considering these penetration depths, shots at especially the neck, eyes and thorax regions, can cause fatal injuries. For that reason, the kinetic energy limits should be the main point of air gun restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PURPOSE: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among young adults has been increasing. Young adults are more likely to have a poorer prognosis. Our aim was to evaluate clinicopathologic features and recurrence rates of young patients compared to older patients. METHODS: The study was conducted from 2006 to 2012 on patients undergoing elective CRC resection at our department of sugery. Data reviewed prospectively. Clinicopathologic features and recurrence rates were compared between age groups. RESULTS:. The patients were divided into three groups according to the ages: group I--patients < or = 40 years (n = 20), group II patients between 41-70 years (n = 108), group III > 70 years (n = 38). Group I presented with more advanced pathologic T and N stage than the other groups but there were no metastatic disease at the time of presentation in group I. Group II had 12 (%12) patients with metastatic disease and group III had 1 (%3) patients at the time of presentation. Recurrence occured more frequently in group I (%40 of all group I patients) compared to the other groups (%24 of all group II patients and %14 of all group III patients). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicate that patients undergoing CRC resection <40 years seemed to have advanced disease and develop recurrence more frequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Effects of various types and diameters of guns and related treatment principles are different. Our study was performed to experimentally demonstrate the effects of different gunshots in body tissues., Methods: 9x19 mm hand-gun and 7.62x51 mm G-3 infantry rifle were used in the study. Injury models were created through hand-gun and rifle shootings at isolated soft tissue, lower extremity, liver and intestine tissue simulants made of ballistic candle. High-speed cameras were used to capture 1000 frames per second. Images were examined and wound mechanisms were evaluated., Results: It was observed that the colon content distributed more within the surrounding tissues by the rifle shootings comparing with hand-gun shootings and could be an infection source due to the large size of the cavity in the colon. Especially when the bullets hitting the bone were investigated, it was seen that much more tissue injury occurs with high speed bullets due to bullet deformation and fragmentation. However, no significant difference was found between the effect of hand-gun and rifle bullets passing through the extremity without hitting the bone., Conclusion: To know the type of the gun that caused the injury and its characteristics will allow to estimate severity and size of the injury before the treatment and to focus on different alternatives of treatment. Therefore, use of appropriate models is required in experimental studies.