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The study investigates 4G radiofrequency-modulated electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) impact on prenatal/postnatal neurogenesis in Wistar rats' dentate gyrus, crucial for memory and learning, amid concerns over gadget-related RF exposure. Thirty-five pregnant female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into seven groups (n=5/group): A-G. Group A was the control, while the rest were exposed to varying durations of electromagnetic fields. At birth, four pups/group were euthanized; the rest were exposed until postnatal day 35. Neurobehavioral tests (Y-maze, Open field), histological (Haematoxylin & Eosin), Immunohistochemical (Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1, caspase-3 assays), neurotransmitters (glutamate, serotonin, dopamine, Gamma Amino Butyric Acid), and Enzymes (Cytochrome-c-oxidase assay) were evaluated in dentate gyrus pre and postnatally. Radiofrequency radiation had mixed effects on dentate gyrus functions, impacting behavior both positively and negatively. Neurotransmitter and enzyme assays indicated mild negative effects, while histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed aberrations in both pre and postnatal exposure groups. Altogether, 4G RF induced mild alterations in the overall structure of the dentate gyrus which could interfere with neurogenesis and neural plasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and tramadol are central nervous system stimulants known for inducing emotional communion and socializing effects. FMRFamide, an RFamide peptide isolated from mollusks, plays diverse roles in physiological processes. This study aimed to evaluate FMRFamide's impact on testicular toxicity induced by MDMA/tramadol in Wistar rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=5). Group A served as the control, Group B received 2 mg/kg FMRFamide for two consecutive days. Groups C, D, and E received MDMA/tramadol (20 mg/kg) for ten days, while Group F received the same dosage along with FMRFamide. Sperm analysis, biochemical, and histological assessments were conducted. The results revealed significant body weight loss, decreased sperm count and motility, increased abnormal sperm formation, and reduced serum LH, FSH, and Testosterone levels. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) expression was intensified in Groups A, B, D, and F. Notably, FMRFamide administration attenuated the adverse effects of MDMA/tramadolinduced testicular toxicity, suggesting a potential therapeutic role in safeguarding male reproductive health. These findings highlight the importance of further exploring FMRFamide's protective mechanisms and its potential application in mitigating drug-induced reproductive toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As demand for animal protein rises, raising Japanese quail holds much potentials in bridging the gap. Phytogenics has been reported to have effect on spermiogramic parameters of animals. This research was done to ascertain the spermiogramic parameters of Japanese quails to administration of aqueous solution of egg lime molasses mixture (ELM). Fresh eggs were placed in a dish, followed by 500g of molasses and 1 liter of lime juice. It was then covered for 10 days and the entire mixture was blended. Two hundred day old Japanese quails were assigned to five treatments in a Completely Randomized Design and were subdivided into 4 replicates of 10 birds each. The control (T1) having no administration of ELM, T2 had an inclusion level of 10 mL, T3: 20 mL, T4: 30 mL and T5: 40 mL, all in 500 mL of water. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The study was carried out for 49 days. Data were collected on genitalia morphometry and fertilizing potentials. The birds administered 20 mL of ELM had significantly (p <0.05) higher left epididymis weight (0.36 ± 0.05g) compared to the other groups. The inclusion of ELM in the water significantly influenced (p <0.05) left epididymis volume, paired epididymis volume, left epididymis density, paired epididymis density and spermatozoa reserves in the right epididymis. Testosterone values significantly increased (p <0.05) with increased ELM inclusion. It can be concluded that the administration of ELM did not alter growth parameters however birds that received 20 mL per 500 mL of water had the best reproductive parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]