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La hernia inguinal supone la patología de pared abdominal más frecuente hoy en día. En el saco herniario podemos encontrar diferentes estructuras, como grasa preperitoneal, intestino delgado, colon o incluso la vejiga, resultando inusual la presencia de la trompa de Falopio y el ovario. El contenido tubo-ovárico supone un hallazgo frecuente en población pediátrica, mientras que resulta un hecho extremadamente raro en mujeres en edad reproductiva o menopáusica, siendo imprescindible su tratamiento con el fin de evitar complicaciones relacionadas con la fertilidad y la viabilidad de los anejos. Con el objetivo de revisar la bibliografía descrita al respecto dado la infrecuencia que supone este hallazgo en mujeres adultas, se presenta el siguiente caso clínico de forma resumida, con la consiguiente revisión de la literatura disponible. Se trata de una paciente mujer de 50 años, con antecedentes de mioma uterino, intervenida de forma programada de hernioplastia inguinal derecha, observando contenido tubo-ovárico en el saco herniario, en la cual se realiza hernioplastia inguinal según la técnica de Lichtenstein con preservación de anejos sin complicaciones postoperatorias. Como conclusiones finales, consideramos que los hallazgos intraoperatorios de contenido tubo-ovárico en la cirugía de hernia inguinal en mujeres adultas supone un hecho infrecuente, cuyo conocimiento y manejo resulta necesario para el cirujano general, precisando de un índice de alta sospecha con el fin de evitar complicaciones y otorgar el tratamiento quirúrgico más óptimo para el bienestar de los pacientes.

Foundation: polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism and oligoovulation. It affects women of reproductive age and can have serious health implications. Objective: to design a proposal for an educational program to achieve the prevention of complications of polycystic ovary syndrome in Ecuadorian women. Method: a descriptive, pedagogical research was developed at the Regional Autonomous University of the Andes between July and January 2022. The variables were used: topics, objectives, methods and means, and form of evaluation. For the development of this study, three phases or stages were followed: bibliographic review, development of an educational program and evaluation of the proposal by specialists. Results: the contents with which the educational program was developed were determined: Female Hormonal Health: Preventing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, aimed at Ecuadorian women. The program was made up of 5 sessions, with specific objectives and content. The methods in each session were similar; The proposed evaluation consisted of a pre- and post-program evaluation, as well as patient follow-up and a satisfaction survey. Conclusions: a proposed educational program on polycystic ovary syndrome for Ecuadorian women was developed. This program can be implemented in Primary Care health centers to increase the level of knowledge about this condition, promote healthy lifestyles and habits, and help women take preventive measure.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine-genetic-gynecological disorder that mainly affects women of childbearing age, with manifestations of hyperandrogenism and infertility in early stages of life. This work aims to describe the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome whose pathophysiology has not been fully understood, hence its diagnosis continues to be by exclusion. The Rotterdam consensus criteria have managed to improve diagnostic uniformity; however, an individualized diagnosis is necessary, which must include the study of the morphology of the ovaries. Although the literature suggests the association of this entity with the presence of obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism, they are not currently included as part of the diagnostic criteria. Treatment includes changes in lifestyle, together with inhibitors of androgen production by the ovaries, inhibitors of androgen action and insulin sensitizers; It will be established according to the patient´s reproductive interests.

Introducción: los tumores de ovario productores de andrógenos corresponden al 0,1-0,8?% de las causas de hiperandrogenismo clínico en mujeres. Los tumores de células de Leydig representan entre el 5?% y el 8?% de los tumores de ovario, que generalmente son benignos y unilaterales; entre el 7?% y el 18?% presentan como síntoma principal hirsutismo y son causa de hiperandrogenismo y virilización en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Objetivo: presentar un caso de virilización femenina secundario a tumor de células de Leydig del ovario; guiar al lector a través de la discusión de las deferentes etiologías de hiperandrogenismo en mujeres posmenopáusicas y resumir en un algoritmo el abordaje diagnóstico de pacientes con hiperandrogenismo. Presentación del caso: se presenta el caso de una mujer posmenopáusica con cuadro de hirsutismo y alopecia androgénica de un año de evolución, niveles de testosterona marcadamente elevados y resonancia nuclear magnética (RNM) pélvica que reporta una masa en la región anexial derecha. Es llevada a salpingooforectomía bilateral con reporte de tumor maligno de células de Leydig, estadio IA. Posterior a la resección se resuelve el hiperandrogenismo bioquímico y mejoran el hirsutismo y la alopecia. Discusión: se discute la manera de abordar a las pacientes posmenopaúsicas con evidencia de hiperandrogenismo según el algoritmo creado. Conclusión: es importante realizar una investigación meticulosa de los posibles diagnósticos diferenciales, al tener en cuenta que los signos de hiperandrogenismo de rápida instauración deben alertar sobre la posibilidad de una neoplasia productora de andrógenos.

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Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is the most common ovarian tumor in mares, promoting decreased ovarian activity or anestrus, in addition to virilization, possibly due to the production of testosterone and other hormones. [texto removido] This report describes the surgical treatment of a 10-year-old quarter-horse mare with GCT through right paralumbar fossa access for unilateral ovariectomy. The surgical procedure was performed with the animal in the standing position, sedated using detomidine hydrochloride in a continuous infusion in association with infiltrative anesthesia in the paralumbar fossa, perineural anesthesia and topical anesthesia of the mesovarium. The affected ovary had dimensions of 10 x 11cm, with a macroscopic appearance suggestive of a granulosa cell tumor, described as a "honeycomb", which was confirmed by histopathological exam. The animal was kept under absolute rest for four consecutive months, with ovarian activity in the following breeding season, with artificial insemination and positive pregnancy outcome. It is concluded that ovariectomy with access via the paralumbar fossa with the objective of excision of ovaries smaller than 11 cm is likely to be performed with sedation and access through the paralumbar fossa. This is the treatment of choice for GCTs, preserving the reproductive activity of mares with high zootechnical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Currently, epithelial ovarian cancer is diagnosed in advanced stages (EC IIIC) in 75-80% of cases worldwide. In this group of patients treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is started, followed by interval cytoreduction of residual disease and even require peritonectomy with application of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Objective: To identify the overall survival and progressionfree survival associated with peritonectomy, in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to ovarian cancer treated in the oncology gynecology service from January 2009 to January 2019 at the UMAE Hospital de Oncología Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Material and methods: Observational, descriptive, crosssectional, retrospective study, information was obtained from the clinical file of patients treated with peritonectomy with the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the gynecological oncology service from January 2009 to January 2019 at the UMAE Hospital de Oncología Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Results: Information was obtained from a total of 36 patients (n = 100%), 36.1% received intraperitoneal chemotherapy and 63.8% underwent cytoreduction without the application of intraoperative chemotherapy. The most frequently used drug was cisplatin followed by mitomycin. There was no statistical significance when comparing both groups, however there was a trend in favor of the use of intraoperative chemotherapy by obtaining a greater number of months in terms of overall survival. Conclusion: Peritonectomy with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is an option in selected patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer in primary and recurrent surgery, as well as in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A síndrome do ovário remanescente se caracteriza pela presença de um tecido ovariano funcional após a ovário-histerectomia (OH). Neste relato será abordado o caso de uma felina, de 2 anos de idade que começou a demonstrar comportamentos de estro 10 meses após a OH, correlacionado a ausência da tutora. Os exames de escolha para chegar a um primeiro diagnóstico foram a citologia vaginal e ultrassom abdominal. O tratamento designado foi a excisão do fragmento de tecido ovariano através da laparotomia exploratória. O exame histopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico.

La estructura macroscópica y microscópica de las gónadas de Panulirus argus y la dinámica de su desarrollo durante el ciclo reproductivo fue estudiada en 24 gónadas de langostas con un intervalo tallas entre los 61 y 127.1 mm Lc. Las colectas de los ejemplares se realizaron en la región suroeste del Golfo de Batabanó. Los tipos celulares propuestos según la morfología y diámetro (diámetro medio e intervalo de confianza 95%) en las gónadas de las hembras son: ovogonias (19.70 ± 0.63 μm,), ovocitos primarios en fase inicial del crecimiento (OI, 54.80 ± 1.81 μm), ovocitos primarios en crecimiento avanzado (OII, 95.29 ± 3.98 μm) y ovocitos maduros (OIII, 427.3 ± 28.43 μm). Se observó que los diámetros de los OII se diferencian en dos grupos en relación con el largo del cefalotórax (Lc). Se proponen cinco estadios de desarrollo gonadal: EI (inmaduro); EII (inicio del desarrollo); EIII (desarrollo medio); EIV (desarrollo final pre-ovulatorio) y EV (regresión o fase post-desove). Se describen células atrésicas en diferentes estadios del desarrollo gonadal.

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Introducción: Los teratomas quísticos maduros del ovario, se originan de las células germinales en una falla de la meiosis o de las células premeióticas. Pueden consistir en múltiples células derivadas de una o más de las 3 capas germinales (ectodermo, mesodermo y endodermo). Son los tumores benignos más comunes del ovario. Pueden aparecer a lo largo de la vida, miden menos de 10 cm, son asintomáticos y unilaterales, aunque solo un 10 % de los casos pueden ser bilaterales. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de una paciente virgen con teratoma quístico maduro de ovario bilateral. Caso clínico: Paciente de 20 años de edad, virgen. Atendida en consulta de ginecología por aumento de volumen y molestias abdominales de varios meses de evolución; se detectó una masa ovárica bilateral. Se realizó laparotomía con quistectomía bilateral. El diagnóstico histológico informó teratoma quístico maduro de ovario. Evolucionó satisfactoriamente, sin recidiva. Conclusiones: Los teratomas quísticos maduros del ovario son frecuentes en edad reproductiva y de forma unilateral; cuando lo hacen de forma bilateral tienen baja incidencia, por lo que un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos son importantes para evitar complicaciones, recidivas y garantizar la futura fertilidad de la paciente.

We describe the unusual case of a female patient with a history of two mature teratomas non-correlated in terms of location and occurrence. A 12-year-old girl presented at our consultation as a result of a growing tumor in the hypogastric region, with no further clinical signs. She had undergone surgery neonatally due to a mature cystic sacrococcygeal teratoma, which was fully removed. No clinical sequelae were noted and no additional treatment was required over a 10-year follow-up. Radiological examination showed a large 20 x 12 x 18 cm cystic mass extending from the pelvic region to the lower hemiabdomen, associated with two similar small formations adjacent to the right ovary. Tumor markers were negative, and a laparoscopic right salpingoophorectomy was carried out, with an excellent postoperative progression. Pathological examination revealed it was, again, a mature cystic teratoma. The genetic study ruled out causation in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic characteristics of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Materials and Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional observational descriptive study where the characteristics of 67 patients with a diagnosis of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors attended at the National Oncologic Institute from January 2012 to December 2021 were evaluated by electronic file. Results: The prevalence of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in the study population was 8.6%. The predominant age group was in the second and third decade of life in 80.59%. Almost 40% of the patients were of native ethnicity. The most frequent histologic type was dysgerminoma followed by immature teratoma, mixed tumor and endodermal breast tumor. 52% were nulligestosis. 96% of the patients had some symptoms at diagnosis and the main symptom was abdominal pain. There was no association between a specific tumor marker and histologic type. 95% received surgical treatment. 95.52% were able to undergo surgery, of which 89% had their fertility preserved. 60% required chemotherapy and the most commonly used scheme was Bleomycin, Etoposide and Platinum. 6% recurred, 13% died, an overall survival of 86% was obtained. Conclusion: Malignant germinal tumors in our population have a prevalence of 8.6%, they predominate in the third decade of life and in mixed race and native patients. The cause of the high prevalence in the native ethnic group is unknown. The most frequent histological type is dysgerminoma. There was no specific correlation between histologic type and associated tumor marker. 6% of patients with malignant germ cell tumors recur, 13% die, obtaining an overall survival of 87%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Os autores relatam um caso de tumor de células de Sertoli e Leydig (TCSL), estádio Ia, no ovário direito de uma paciente com 10 anos de idade. O tumor era não funcionante e as manifestações iniciais foram dor e aumento do volume abdominal. Ao exame físico palpava-se uma massa endurecida na região hipogástrica. A criança não apresentava sinais de virilização ou puberdade precoce. O tratamento foi realizado com cirurgia; salpingo-ooforectomia direita e biópsia em cunha do ovário esquerdo. Histologicamente o tumor era bem diferenciado e não apresentava elementos heterólogos. A paciente apresenta há 26 meses sobrevida livre de doença. Acreditamos que este seja o primeiro caso de TCSL de ovário em crianças com idade igual ou inferior a 10 anos, publicado na literatura médica brasileira indexada.

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Oral exposure to synthetic and natural endocrine disruptors (ED) at different stages of life is related to alterations in the reproductive system. Ruminants represent a model for studying the effects of ED in humans due to some similarities in their development. Ruminants are considered of great importance due to continuous exposure to pasture and contaminated soils and human consumption of their meat. The present review aims to describe ED effects in ruminants’ reproduction, when they are consumed in the perinatal, postnatal-pre-adulthood, and adult stages. Feeding with phytoestrogens (PE) rich forage has no nocive consequences on the male reproductive system at any stages of life; in females, they produce more significant harmful effects when administered in adulthood. In the perinatal and postnatal-pre-adulthood stages, negative effects of synthetic ED were found in both males and females. This review presents study opportunities for further research related to oral exposure to ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMO Relata-se um caso de melanoma oral disseminado em uma cadela de dois anos, com protrusão de bulbo ocular unilateral e quadro convulsivo progressivo. Os exames de imagem revelaram aumento de volume nas regiões submandibular, maxilar e cerebral, padrão nodular pulmonar e aumento das dimensões ovarianas. A citologia da massa submandibular indicou proliferação epitelial maligna, enquanto a biópsia excisional foi sugestiva de melanoma amelanótico. Na necropsia, havia uma massa gengival localmente infiltrativa e nodulações brancas nos linfonodos, nos rins, no pulmão, no cérebro e nos ovários, indicativas de metástase. O diagnóstico histopatológico consistiu de neoplasia maligna metastática indiferenciada, indicativo de melanoma amelanótico. Células caracterizadas por núcleo com cromatina espessa, múltiplos nucléolos bem evidentes, mitoses atípicas e multinucleações consistiram nos principais critérios de malignidade. No espaço peritrabecular ósseo facial, havia rara diferenciação pigmentar melanocítica, confirmada histoquimicamente pela técnica de Fontana-Massom e Giemsa. Algumas células foram positivas pela imuno-histoquímica para PNL-2 e Melan-A, e o diagnóstico de melanoma amelanótico disseminado foi firmado. A indiferenciação neoplásica marcante, com disseminação metastática multissistêmica e acometimento mútuo de sítios anatômicos pouco comuns, conjuntamente com a ampla variação dos padrões celulares, foi responsável pelo desafio diagnóstico do presente caso, ressaltando o papel decisivo da imuno-histoquímica para confirmação diagnóstica. A importância clínica deste trabalho consiste ainda em alertar a comunidade clínica e científica acerca da dificuldade diagnóstica, devendo-se considerar o melanoma amelanótico como diferencial mesmo em casos de lesões orais menos perceptíveis e/ou desprovidas de pigmentação.

Presentado en sesión de 20 de setiembre de 1950

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Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and Inhibin B (INHB) in the glycoprotein structure are members of the transforming growth factor b family and expressed by granulosa cells from puberty. AMH is a factor that increases the life span of small developing follicles. For this reason, it is widely used to determine the ovarian reserve and age. Inhibin-B secreted from granulosa cells plays a role in regulation of the Follicle Stimulating Factor (FSH) and determination of the follicle diameter. There are few studies on the effect of these two age-related hormones on ovarian histology in rats. In this study, AMH and INHB expression in ovarian tissues of female rats of different age groups, their relationship with ovarian structure and folliculogenesis were examined histologically and biochemically. Wistar Albino rats were used in the study and a total of 3 groups were formed. The ovaries of rats in the pre-oestrous period were collected, and follicle count was performed on tissue sections in batches. Expression of AMH in the follicles was identified immunohistochemically. In serum, AMH and INHB levels were assessed by ELISA method and their significance was evaluated statistically. Results from light microscopic examination determined that AMH was expressed from the granulosa cells of developing follicles. INHB expression during the prepubertal period and AMH had a protective effect on the ovarian reserve and the number of developing follicles, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: A trombose de veia ovariana (TVO) é uma condição rara mas potencialmente grave, ocorrendo predominantemente no período pós-parto. A clínica é inespecífica, geralmente manifestando-se como síndrome abdominal dolorosa febril. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 32 anos, gestante (G4P4 vaginais), a termo com quadro clínico de convulsão seguida de parada cardiorrespiratória no hospital de origem. Evoluiu para parto vaginal após drogas sedativas e hemorragia puerperal levando a choque hipovolêmico revertido após drogas vasoativas. Paciente iniciou quadro de febre persistente apesar de culturas negativas e uso de antibióticos de largo espectro. Realizado tomografia computadorizada (TC) de abdome e pelve que evidenciou tromboflebite de veia gonadal direita. Iniciado anticoagulação plena com melhora do quadro febril após 48 horas. Conclusão: A paciente do caso apresentou melhora clínica logo em seguida a anticoagulação e não houve efeitos adversos. Nos últimos 20 anos, a introdução da TC e da ressonância magnética (RNM) revolucionou o diagnóstico de tromboflebite pélvica que permite avaliar o diagnóstico e inclusive a resposta à terapia com heparina. O manejo anticoagulante da TVO persiste controverso até os dias atuais, porém quando associado à antibióticos apresentou-se segura e com boa reposta clínica.

Es un hecho que, si bien no se dispone de información reproductiva básica sobre las alpacas, la reserva ovárica normal de esta especie en comparación con otras especies tampoco está identificada. En este estudio, se caracterizaron los folículos preantrales ováricos en alpacas adultas sanas. Se recogieron diez ovarios de cinco alpacas adultas. Las muestras de la corteza ovárica se fijaron con paraformaldehído y se realizó un análisis histológico. Se determinaron los porcentajes de folículos normales y degenerados. Los folículos normales se midieron y clasificaron en estadios: primordiales, de transición, primarios y secundarios. La mayoría de los folículos preantrales presentes en la corteza ovárica de las alpacas eran estadios primordiales y de transición; Raras veces se encontraron folículos primarios (6.10%) y secundarios (0.37%). Los folículos primarios y secundarios tenían un diámetro mayor en comparación con los folículos primordiales y de transición. El mayor diámetro de ovocitos se registró en los folículos secundarios (P

Anamnesis: A 5-year-old mixed breed entire bitch was presented with bloody vaginal discharge and abdominal distension. Clinical and laboratory findings: Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography suggested the presence of a left ovarian tumor. At histopathological examination it was diagnosed as granulosa cell tumor. Treatment approach: An exploratory laparotomy was performed followed by ovariohysterectomy to remove the intra-abdominal mass. Conclusion: The clinical, ultrasonographic and histologic signs in this case support other literature reports. Ultrasonography, in combination with histopathologic analysis is a fundamental tool for detection of ovarian tumors, especially tumors of the granulosa cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: Los tumores de gran tamaño han sido descritos a través de la historia, entre ellos los ginecológicos y los de ovario cuando pesan más de 12 kg constituyen una rareza médica. Las masas tumorales en hemiabdomen inferior son causas frecuentes de consulta en cirugía general. Dentro de estas, los quistes de ovarios son los que con más frecuencia se diagnostican. Objetivo: Describir el caso de un quiste gigante de ovario en una paciente que fue atendida en consulta de cirugia general por aumento de tamaño en el abdomen de varios años de evolución. Caso clínico: Se expone el caso de una paciente femenina, con antecedentes de salud, que acude al servicio de cirugía general por aumento de volumen del abdomen, progresivo, insidioso de 2 años de evolución. Se diagnostica masa quística dependiente de ovario y en el transoperatorio se constata una tumoración quística del ovario que en el análisis histopatológico informa un cistoadenoma seroso de ovario. Conclusión: Los tumores del ovario no son tan frecuentes como los del útero y los de la mama, pero constituyen el tercer grupo de tumores benignos y malignos de la mujer. Se presentó el caso por lo infrecuente que resulta, la escasa frecuencia de reporte de estos casos lo cual aporta conocimiento a la comunidad médica sobre el tema.

Introduction: Large tumors have been described throughout history, including gynecological tumors, and ovarian tumors when they weigh more than 12 kg constitute a medical rarity. Tumor masses in lower hemiabdomen are frequent causes of consultation in general surgery. Within these, ovarian cysts are the most frequently diagnosed. Objective: To describe the case of a giant ovarian cyst in a patient who was treated in a general surgery consultation due to an increase in abdomen size of several years of evolution. Clinical case: The case of a female patient, with a history of health, which goes to the general surgery service due to an increase in abdomen volume, progressive, insidious of 2 years of evolution, is presented. Ovarian-dependent cystic mass is diagnosed and a cystic tumor of the ovary is found in the transoperative period, which in the histopathological analysis reports a serous ovarian cystadenoma. Conclusion: Ovarian tumors are not as frequent as those of the uterus and those of the breast, but they constitute the third group of benign and malignant tumors of women. The case was presented because of the infrequent result, the low frequency of reporting these cases, which brings knowledge to the medical community on the subject.

Introducción: El cáncer avanzado de ovario es una de las enfermedades oncológicas de mayor mortalidad en el mundo. En el Ecuador representa aproximadamente el 0.2% de todas las muertes. El objetivo de del estudio fue realizar una descripción clínica retrospectiva de las mujeres con cáncer avanzado de ovario. Métodos: El presente estudio observacional, retrospectivo fue realizado en el servicio de Oncología Clínica del Instituto Oncológico Nacional “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo” de Solca-Guayaquil. El período de estudio fue enero del 2003 al diciembre del 2007. Se incluyeron los registros de pacientes con diagnostico histopatológico del tipo de cáncer avanzado de ovario: con estadificación según FIGO III (IIIA-IIIB-IIIC) y IV. Las variables fueron descriptivas poblacionales y clínicas: tipo histológico, estadificación, tratamiento empleado. El cálculo de la muestra es no probabilística, en la que se incluyen todos los casos posibles. Se utiliza estadística descriptiva. Resultados: 79 casos ingresaron al análisis. Las mujeres de 50 a 59 años 20/79 casos 25.32 (IC95% 24.24-26.4%). El Adenocarcinoma papilar seroso IIIc fue la histología más prevalente 34/79 (43.04 % IC95% 41.81-44.27%). El tratamiento quimioterápico con cirugía fue el más prevalente 56/79 (70.89% IC95% 69.76-72.01). Se usó Paclitaxel+Cisplatino en 44/79 casos (55.7% IC95% 54.46-56.93%). La recidiva se presentó en 30 casos. Respuesta completa 17 casos (21.52% IC95% 20.5-22.54%), progresión en 18 casos (22.78% IC95% 21.74-23.83%). Mortalidad 11 casos (13.92% IC95% 13.07-14.78%) y abandono de tratamiento 32 casos (40.51% IC95% 39.29-41.72%). Conclusiones: La tasa de abandono es un factor que se presenta con una alta frecuencia entre los pacientes con cáncer avanzado de ovario. Esto no permite evaluar el resultado de los tratamientos que son utilizadas para tratar los cánceres de ovario en estas etapas.

El síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) es una disfunción endocrino-metabólica que afecta del 6 al 10% de las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Se caracteriza por anovulación crónica e hiperandrogenismo y la presencia de complicaciones metabólicas como obesidad y dislipidemia, hipertensión arterial, enfermedad arterial coronaria y presencia de hígado graso. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el perfil endocrino-metabólico y antropométrico en un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico de SOP. La población estuvo conformada por 81 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de ginecología del Ambulatorio Urbano tipo II “Dr. Ramón Gualdrón” de Barquisimeto-Estado Lara, de los cuales sólo 50 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios del Consenso de Rotterdam del 2003 para el diagnóstico de SOP. De acuerdo a los resultados de este estudio, el perfil endocrino de las pacientes está dado por niveles de progesterona y testosterona libre en rangos de normalidad, insulina en rango superior normal; perfil lipídico dentro de parámetros normales, así como también, el valor promedio de ácido úrico; el Índice HOMA estableció insulinorresistencia; respecto al perfil antropométrico las pacientes se ubicaron en rango de sobrepeso y el índice cintura/cadera determinó una distribución del tejido graso de tipo androide. Se puede concluir que el perfil endocrino-metabólico y antropométrico se corresponde con el SOP observando como eje fisiopatológico central el estado de insulinorresistencia demostrado por el índice de HOMA.

As éguas são animais reprodutivos estacionais, sendo influenciadas pelas mudanças na relação diária de luminosidade durante o ano, apresentando uma maior dificuldade no controle do ciclo estral, quando comparado aos bovinos. A utilização de indutores de ovulação pode melhorar a eficiência reprodutiva, sincronizando o momento das ovulações e reduzindo o período do estro. Os objetivos deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de indução do estro estimulado por implante de progesterona e o tempo de ovulação em fêmeas equinas utilizando o acetato de deslorelina como indutor de ovulação. Foram utilizadas cinco éguas em idade reprodutiva, que tiveram seu estro induzido por duas vezes cada uma. Em uma das vezes nas mesmas foi administrada com 750mg de acetato de deslorelina. Para indução do estro foi aplicado uma dose de 5mg via IM de prostaglandina F2 no D0 e inserido um dispositivo intra-vaginal que foi removido no D8, sendo concomitante a remoção aplicado uma dose de prostaglandina. Após a remoção dos dispositivos vaginais avaliou-se o crescimento folicular em intervalos de 12/12h até a ovulação. Todos os animais demonstraram comportamento de estro. Éguas tratadas com acetato de deslorelina tiveram o tempo de ovulação em média de 43,2h ±6,57 enquanto o grupo não tratado foi de 84h ±14,70, apresentando diferença significativa. Podendo-se concluir que o uso dispositivo intra-vaginal para bovinos induz a manifestação do estro em éguas; a administração de acetato de deslorelina antecipa o tempo de ovulação contribuindo para um melhor manejo reprodutivo em éguas.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian metastases constitute between 7 and 20% of ovarian tumors, and their most frequent origin is the stomach, colon, and breast, among others. The most common histological type is renal cell carcinoma, a clear cell variant, with which a large part of the differential diagnoses arise. CLINICAL CASE: A 73-year-old woman, with a history of left nephrectomy due to a renal tumor 20 years ago, who attended due to genital bleeding of six months of evolution. The Papanicolaou was negative for neoplastic cells. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a solid left parauterine lesion, 48 x 54 x 53 mm, with positive Doppler flow and endometrial thickening of 14 mm. A pipelle biopsy was obtained, the pathological result of which was an endometrial polyp with no elements of malignancy. The histopathological study of the left ovary showed infiltration of polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm, with a central nucleus, fine chromatin and prominent nucleolus in some areas, with a solid growth pattern and vessels in a sinusoidal pattern. The immunohistochemical study reported positivity for pancytokeratins (AE1/AE3), EMA, PAX-8, RCC, CD10, and vimentin. The diagnosis of ovarian metastasis from clear cell renal carcinoma was established. CONCLUSIONS: Renal cell carcinoma ovarian metastases represent a diagnostic challenge for the pathologist and a potential risk of error, which is why a high suspicion based on the clinical history, meticulous examination of microscopy and the support of studies is important. immunohistochemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the correct diagnosis of inguinal hernias can often be made by clinical examination, there are several situations in which imaging methods represent the best option for evaluating such hernias, their content, and the possible complications. In addition, bulging of the inguinal region is not always indicative of a hernia, because other lesions, including tumors, cysts, and hematomas, also affect the region. The objective of this pictorial essay is to demonstrate what can be identified within inguinal hernias. Differentiating the types of herniated structures is of absolute importance for planning the appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ovarian pregnancy ¡s an infrequent form of ectopic pregnancy presentation and it represents about 3% of the cases. The diagnosis of ovarian ectopic pregnancy is based on the clinical manifestations, vaginal ultrasound, and serial determination of Human Chorionic ß-Gonadotropin (ß-HCG), while the specific diagnosis can be made only if the embryo or cardiac activity outside the uterus is identified. The case of a 32-year-old patient attended at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Service of the Hospital Provincial General de Latacunga is presented, making an early diagnosis, with a satisfactory evolution in 48 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal is the property of Revista Brasileira de Reproducao Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el tamaño del folículo preovulatorio del cuerpo lúteo y los niveles de progesterona sanguínea en los días 6 y 12 post-ovulación en vaquillas de las razas Holstein, Brown Swiss y Criolla criadas en pastoreo en el Altiplano Ecuatoriano. Se determinó el tamaño del folículo preovulatorio, del cuerpo lúteo y los niveles sanguíneos de progesterona en los días 6 y 12 post-ovulación en nueve vaquillas de cada raza. La valoración de las estructuras ováricas se realizó mediante ultrasonografía. La concentración de progesterona sanguínea se determi-nó con el método de electroquimio-luminiscencia. Se estableció que el tamaño del folículo preovulatorio de las vaquillas Criolla fue más grande (14,6 ± 0,41 mm) que el de las Holstein (12,7 ± 0,47 mm) y Brown Swiss (12,7 ± 0,65 mm). La concentración de progesterona en los días 6 y 12 post-ovulación en las vaquillas Criolla (11,0 ±1,68 ng/ml y 18,4 ± 2,04 ng/ml, respectivamente) fue más elevada que el de las Holstein y Brown Swiss. Se observa-ron valores de asociación lineal altos y significativos (P < 0,05), entre el folículo preovulatorio; cuerpo lúteo y progesterona en las Holstein y Brown Swiss y se demostró que por cada milímetro de tamaño adicional sobre la media del Criolla del día 6, se generaría 1,67 ng/ml más de progesterona en las vaquillas Criolla (P < 0,05) que en las dos restantes. Se concluye que las vaquillas Criolla presentaron mayores niveles de progesterona en los días 6 y 12 post-ovulación en comparación con las razas Holstein y Brown Swiss, lo que generaría un mejor ambiente uterino y, por consiguiente, menores pérdidas embrionarias tempranas.

The knowledge of ovarian morphology and its seasonal variations is essential to interpret the reproductive strategies of reptiles. The ovarian morphology and histology of Liolaemus azarai, was analyzed in order to characterize its changes and to provide information to determine their reproductive cycle. One germinal bed per ovary with oogonia and primary oocytes, it demonstrates that the proliferative activity of the germ line is maintained in adult. During previtellogenic stages, all of the females captured, the oocyte grows near 30 times due to increase of cytoplasmic contents, and follicular layer with three types of cells develops. The vitellogenic stages are characterized by the incorporation of the yolk platelets and important modifications in the follicular epithelium, is organized in a layer of flats cells, this time were observed in September, October, November and December. The corpora lutea was observed in an advanced stage of development, in October and December, according to the degree of intrauterine embryonic development. The atretic follicles were observed in October and December. The early atretic showed oocyte phagocytosis, abundant follicular cells and invation of blood cells; the advanced atretic follicles were characterized by autophagic cells. These results are the first contribution to the knowledge of follicular dynamics of L. azarai, and will be useful for to interpret the unknown reproductive cycle and embryonic developmental of this specie.

BACKGROUND: Endometrioid stromal sarcoma is a rare tumor, representing 0.2% of malignant neoplasms of the uterus. Few cases of extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma, also called endometrioid stromal sarcomas, have been reported to date. CLINICAL CASE: 74-year-old woman, attended for abdominal pain of 5 days of progression. Medical history: hysterectomy and left salpingo-oophorectomy 30 years ago. The pathological anatomy study of the uterus was negative for malignancy; endometriosis was found in the ovary. The tomography reported a 23 x 21 cm mass, multicavitate, intra-abdominal, extending to the pelvic cavity, which was partially resected, in addi-tion to carrying out a colostomy. The patient was operated 20 days later, resecting the sigmoid colon segment, with a mass on the left lateral aspect, adhering to the urinary bladder and the left pelvic wall. Immunohistochemistry for S100 was focally positive. The diagnosis of sarcoma was established. The histological study of the colon reported a neoplasm related to endometriosis. Immunohistochemical studies for estrogen and progesterone receptors were positive in 80%, and for cyclin D1 in 40%; the CD10 marker was focally positive. With the results described, the diagnosis of low-grade extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma associated with colonic endometriosis was established. Actually the follow-up of the patient is satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: The histological study is decisive to establish the diagnosis of endometrial stromal sarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adnexal torsion is characterized by partial or complete rotation of the suspensory ligament of the ovary and its corresponding vascular pedicle, resulting in vascular impairment that can culminate in hemorrhagic infarction, as well as necrosis of the ovary and fallopian tube. Because there are myriad causes of acute pelvic pain, the differential diagnosis of ovarian torsion is often challenging. Consequently, radiologists should be familiar with the main imaging findings. In this regard, there are typical signs of ovarian torsion on magnetic resonance imaging, including increased ovarian volume with stromal edema and peripheral distribution of the ovarian follicles, as well as thickening of the fallopian tube, an adnexal mass (causal factor) that shifts toward the midline, and the classic, pathognomonic “whirlpool sign". The objective of this essay was to review and illustrate the various magnetic resonance imaging findings in ovarian torsion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]