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3. Photoemission from the gas phase using soft x-ray fs pulses: An investigation of the space-charge effects

Author

Verna, Adriano, Stefani, Giovanni, Offi, Francesco, Gejo, Tatsuo, Tanaka, Yoshihito, Tanaka, Kenta, Nishie, Tatsuru, Nagaya, Kiyonobu, Niozu, Akinobu, Yamamura, Ryosuke, Suenaga, Taiga, Takahashi, Osamu, Fujise, Hikaru, Togashi, Tadashi, Yabashi, Makina, and Oura, Masaki

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

An experimental and computational investigation of the space-charge effects occurring in ultrafast photoelectron spectroscopy from the gas phase is presented. The target sample CF$_3$I is excited by ultrashort (100 fs) far-ultraviolet radiation pulses produced by a free-electron laser. The modification of the energy distribution of the photoelectrons, i.e. the shift and broadening of the spectral structures, is monitored as a function of the pulse intensity. The experimental results are compared with computational simulations which employ a Barnes-Hut algorithm to calculate the effect of individual Coulomb forces acting among the particles. In the presented model, a survey spectrum acquired at low radiation fluence is used to determine the initial energy distribution of the electrons after the photoemission event. The spectrum modified by the space-charge effects is then reproduced by $N$-body calculations that simulate the dynamics of the photoelectrons subject to the individual mutual Coulomb repulsion and to the attractive force of the positive ions. The employed numerical method accounts for the space-charge effects on the energy distribution and allows to reproduce the complete photoelectron spectrum and not just a specific photoemission structure. The simulations also provide information on the time evolution of the space-charge effects on the picosecond scale. Differences with the case of photoemission from solid samples are highlighted and discussed. The presented simulation procedure, although it omits the analysis of angular distribution, constitutes an effective simplified model that allows to predict and account for space-charge effects on the photoelectron energy spectrum in time-resolved photoemission experiments with high-intensity pulsed sources., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, 1 table

Published
2020
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4. Characterization of in-gap states in epitaxial CoFe2O4(111) layers grown on Al2O3(111)/Si(111) by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering

Author

Wakabayashi, Yuki K., Tokushima, Takashi, Kuga, Kentaro, Yomosa, Hiroshi, Oura, Masaki, Fujiwara, Hidenori, Ishikawa, Tetsuya, Tanaka, Masaaki, Kiss, Takayuki, and Nakane, Ryosho

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We have studied in-gap states in epitaxial CoFe2O4(111), which potentially acts as a perfect spin filter, grown on a Al2O3(111)/Si(111) structure by using ellipsometry, Fe L2,3-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and Fe L2,3-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), and revealed the relation between the in-gap states and chemical defects due to the Fe2+ cations at the octahedral sites (Fe2+ (Oh) cations). The ellipsometry measurements showed the indirect band gap of 1.24 eV for the CoFe2O4 layer and the Fe L2,3-edge XAS confirmed the characteristic photon energy for the preferential excitation of the Fe2+ (Oh) cations. In the Fe L3-edge RIXS spectra, a band-gap excitation and an excitation whose energy is smaller than the band-gap energy (Eg = 1.24 eV) of CoF2O4, which we refer to as "below-band-gap excitation (BBGE)" hereafter, were observed. The intensity of the BBGE was strengthened at the preferential excitation energy of the Fe2+ (Oh) cations. In addition, the intensity of the BBGE was significantly increased when the thickness of the CoFe2O4 layer was decreased from 11 to 1.4 nm, which coincides with the increase in the site occupancy of the Fe2+ (Oh) cations with decreasing the thickness. These results indicate that the BBGE comes from the in-gap states of the Fe2+ (Oh) cations whose density increases near the heterointerface on the bottom Al2O3 layer. We have demonstrated that RIXS measurements and analyses in combination with ellipsometry and XAS are effective to provide an insight into in-gap states in thin-film oxide heterostructures.

Published
2019

5. Transient quantum isolation and critical behavior in the magnetization dynamics of half-metallic manganites

Author

Pincelli, Tommaso, Cucini, Riccardo, Verna, Adriano, Borgatti, Francesco, Oura, Masaki, Tamasaku, Kenji, Lee, Tien-lin, Schlueter, Christoph, Günther, Stefan, Back, Christian Horst, Dell'Angela, Martina, Ciprian, Roberta, Orgiani, Pasquale, Petrov, Aleksandr, Sirotti, Fausto, Dediu, Valentin, Bergenti, Ilaria, Graziosi, Patrizio, Granozio, Fabio Miletto, Tanaka, Yoshihito, Taguchi, Munetaka, Daimon, Hiroshi, Fujii, Jun, Rossi, Giorgio, and Panaccione, Giancarlo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We combine time resolved pump-probe Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect and Photoelectron Spectroscopy experiments supported by theoretical analysis to determine the relaxation dynamics of delocalized electrons in half-metallic ferromagnetic manganite $La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3}$. We observe that the half-metallic character of $La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3}$ determines the timescale of both the electronic phase transition and the quenching of magnetization, revealing a quantum isolation of the spin system in double exchange ferromagnets extending up to hundreds of picoseconds. We demonstrate the use of time-resolved hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TR-HAXPES) as a unique tool to single out the evolution of strongly correlated electronic states across a second-order phase transition in a complex material., Comment: Article 25 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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6. High- and Low-Energy Photoemission Study of Strongly Correlated Au–Ga–Ce Quasicrystal Approximants: Localized 4f Nature and Disorder Effects

Author

Nozue, Goro, primary, Fujiwara, Hidenori, additional, Hamamoto, Satoru, additional, Ose, Akane, additional, Tsutsumi, Miwa, additional, Kiss, Takayuki, additional, Higashiya, Atsushi, additional, Yamasaki, Atsushi, additional, Kanai-Nakata, Yuina, additional, Imada, Shin, additional, Oura, Masaki, additional, Tamasaku, Kenji, additional, Yabashi, Makina, additional, Ishikawa, Tetsuya, additional, Motouri, Azusa, additional, Labib, Farid, additional, Suzuki, Shintaro, additional, Tamura, Ryuji, additional, and Sekiyama, Akira, additional

Published
2024
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8. Atomically dispersed hexavalent iridium oxide from MnO 2 reduction for oxygen evolution catalysis

Author

Li, Ailong, primary, Kong, Shuang, additional, Adachi, Kiyohiro, additional, Ooka, Hideshi, additional, Fushimi, Kazuna, additional, Jiang, Qike, additional, Ofuchi, Hironori, additional, Hamamoto, Satoru, additional, Oura, Masaki, additional, Higashi, Kotaro, additional, Kaneko, Takuma, additional, Uruga, Tomoya, additional, Kawamura, Naomi, additional, Hashizume, Daisuke, additional, and Nakamura, Ryuhei, additional

Published
2024
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13. List of contributors

Author

Elphick, Kelvin, primary, Fischer, Peter, additional, Frost, William, additional, Fujita, Takayuki, additional, Fukami, Shunsuke, additional, Fukushima, Akio, additional, Handa, Hiroshi, additional, Hatano, Mutsuko, additional, Hillebrands, Burkard, additional, Hirohata, Atsufumi, additional, Horii, Kazuyoshi, additional, Irino, Tomoyuki, additional, Ishiguro, Yuto, additional, Ishihara, Tomoko, additional, Ishikawa, Noriaki, additional, Jędryka, Ewa, additional, Jeyadevan, Balachandran, additional, Kakuta, Masaya, additional, Kanda, Kensuke, additional, Kerber, Nico, additional, Kitamoto, Yoshitaka, additional, Kläui, Mathias, additional, Kohno, Hiroshi, additional, Kubota, Hitoshi, additional, Kubota, Takahide, additional, Kudo, Takahiro, additional, Kusakabe, Moriaki, additional, Kuwahata, Akihiro, additional, Lee, Dong-Kyu, additional, Lee, Kyung-Jin, additional, Mamiya, Hiroaki, additional, Marnitz, Luca, additional, Matsuda, Sachiko, additional, Mizuguchi, Masaki, additional, Moskaltsova, Anastasiia, additional, Murata, Keita, additional, Nakane, Jotaro J., additional, Nakatani, Yoshinobu, additional, Nowak, Ulrich, additional, Ogasawara, Takeshi, additional, Ogawa, Toru, additional, Ohkochi, Takuo, additional, Onishi, Tatsuya, additional, Ono, Teruo, additional, Oogane, Mikihiko, additional, Oura, Masaki, additional, Polewczyk, Vincent, additional, Ramos, Rafael, additional, Reiss, Günter, additional, Saito, Yoshiaki, additional, Saitoh, Eiji, additional, Sato, Nana, additional, Schmalhorst, Jan-Michael, additional, Seki, Takeshi, additional, Sekiguchi, Koji, additional, Sekino, Masaki, additional, Stadler, Bethanie J.H., additional, Sukegawa, Hiroaki, additional, Suzuki, Motohiro, additional, Takanashi, Koki, additional, Tamaru, Shingo, additional, Tashiro, Kunihisa, additional, Tatara, Gen, additional, Tomita, Satoshi, additional, Ueda, Tetsuya, additional, Ueno, Toshiyuki, additional, Vaz, Carlos A.F., additional, Wakiwaka, Hiroyuki, additional, Weißenhofer, Markus, additional, Wójcik, Marek, additional, Yabukami, Shin, additional, Yamada, Keisuke, additional, Yamaguchi, Akinobu, additional, Yanagihara, Hideto, additional, and Zamani Kouhpanji, Mohammad Reza, additional

Published
2021
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15. Incommensurate Orbital Modulation in Multiferroic CuFeO2

Author

Tanaka, Yoshikazu, Terada, Noriki, Nakajima, Taro, Kojima, Taro, Takata, Yasutaka, Mitsuda, Setsuo, Oura, Masaki, Senba, Yasunori, Ohashi, Haruhiko, and Shin, Shik

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

CuFeO_2 is one of the multiferroic materials and is the first case that the electric polarization is not explained by the magnetostriction model or the spin-current model. We have studied this material using soft x-ray resonant diffraction and found that superlattice reflection 0, 1 - 2q, 0 appears in the ferroelectric and incommensurate magnetic ordered phase at the Fe L2,3 absorption edges and moreover that the rotation of the x-ray polarization such as from {\sigma} to {\pi} or from {\pi} to {\sigma} is allowed at this reflection. These findings definitely provide direct evidence that the 3d orbital state of Fe ions has a long range order in the ferroelectric state and support the spin-dependent d-p hybridization mechanism., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures

Published
2010

16. Demonstration of efficient transfer learning in segmentation problem in synchrotron radiation X-ray CT data for epoxy resin

Author

Hamamoto, Satoru, primary, Oura, Masaki, additional, Shundo, Atsuomi, additional, Kawaguchi, Daisuke, additional, Yamamoto, Satoru, additional, Takano, Hidekazu, additional, Uesugi, Masayuki, additional, Takeuchi, Akihisa, additional, Iwai, Takahiro, additional, Seto, Yasuo, additional, Joti, Yasumasa, additional, Sato, Kento, additional, Tanaka, Keiji, additional, and Hatsui, Takaki, additional

Published
2023
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17. Femtosecond Time-Resolved HAXPES

Author

Oloff, Lars-Philip, Oura, Masaki, Chainani, Ashish, Rossnagel, Kai, Ertl, Gerhard, Series editor, Lüth, Hans, Series editor, Car, Roberto, Series editor, Rocca, Mario Agostino, Series editor, FREUND, HANS-JOACHIM, Series editor, and Woicik, Joseph, editor

Published
2016
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22. Application of soft X-ray microspectroscopic analyses to architectural structures – a case study on ceramic-tile/adhesive/mortar-structured composite materials.

Author

Oura, Masaki, Takano, Hidekazu, Hamamoto, Satoru, Hatsui, Takaki, Kurauchi, Haruhisa, Okano, Hidetoshi, Kawaharada, Masashi, Yokoyama, Kazushi, Yabashi, Makina, Akimoto, Masato, and Ishikawa, Tetsuya

Subjects
*CERAMIC tiles, *MORTAR, *COMPOSITE materials, *SOFT X rays, *SYNCHROTRON radiation, *X-ray fluorescence, *RADIATION damage
Abstract

Synchrotron radiation (SR)-based soft X-ray (SX) microspectroscopy has been applied as a promising analytical method to investigate architectural structures that comprise ceramic-tile/adhesive/mortar-structured composite materials. Microprobe X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) spectra, elemental distribution maps and microprobe near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (µNEXAFS) spectra were observed near each interface in the composite materials using an SX-beam with a beam size of 1–2 µm full-width at half-maximum (FWHM). Elemental distribution maps for O, Na, Mg, Al, and Si were obtained to clearly visualize the interfaces of the composite materials with pixel sizes of 10 and 1 µm with the aid of line profile analyses. When the photon flux of the focused SX-beam reached approximately 8 × 108 ph/s, the critical dose time ( t dose c ) for the adhesive was estimated to be 30 min ( t dose c is the time at which the peak intensity of a specific chemical state in the µNEXAFS spectrum decreases to 1/e of the initial undamaged state due to radiation damage). We demonstrated the capability of the proposed method to survey local information regarding element-specific chemical states at the ceramic-tile/adhesive and adhesive/mortar interfaces before the adhesive is severely damaged due to the intense SX-beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Application of soft X-ray microspectroscopic analyses to architectural structures – a case study on ceramic-tile/adhesive/mortar-structured composite materials

Author

Oura, Masaki, primary, Takano, Hidekazu, additional, Hamamoto, Satoru, additional, Hatsui, Takaki, additional, Kurauchi, Haruhisa, additional, Okano, Hidetoshi, additional, Kawaharada, Masashi, additional, Yokoyama, Kazushi, additional, Yabashi, Makina, additional, Akimoto, Masato, additional, and Ishikawa, Tetsuya, additional

Published
2022
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25. In situ fluorescence yield soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of electrochemical nickel deposition processes with and without ethylene glycol

Author

Yamaguchi, Akinobu, Akamatsu, Naoya, Saegusa, Shunya, Nakamura, Ryo, Utsumi, Yuichi, Kato, Masaru, Yagi, Ichizo, Ishihara, Tomoko, Oura, Masaki, Yamaguchi, Akinobu, Akamatsu, Naoya, Saegusa, Shunya, Nakamura, Ryo, Utsumi, Yuichi, Kato, Masaru, Yagi, Ichizo, Ishihara, Tomoko, and Oura, Masaki

Abstract

The electrochemical Ni deposition at a platinum electrode was investigated in a plating nickel bath in the presence and absence of ethylene glycol (EG) using fluorescence yield soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (FY-XAS) in the Ni L2,3-edge and O K-edge regions under potential control. At ≤+0.35 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the electrochemical Ni deposition was detected by the Ni L2,3-edge FY-XAS in the presence of EG whereas almost no such event was observed in the absence of EG. A drastic decrease of FY-XAS intensities in the O K-edge region was also observed in the presence of EG at >+0.35 V vs. RHE, suggesting that the nano-/micro-structured Ni deposition initiated by the removal of water molecules occurs on the Pt electrode. The complex formation of Ni2+ with EG and the adsorption of EG on the Ni surface could play an important role in the Ni deposition. This study demonstrates that the in situ FY-XAS is a powerful and surface-sensitive technique to understand (electro)chemical reactions including polyol synthesis and electrocatalysis at solid–liquid interfaces.

Published
2022

26. In situ fluorescence yield soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of electrochemical nickel deposition processes with and without ethylene glycol

Author

1000070423035, Yamaguchi, Akinobu, Akamatsu, Naoya, Saegusa, Shunya, Nakamura, Ryo, 1000080326298, Utsumi, Yuichi, 1000070709633, Kato, Masaru, 1000040292776, Yagi, Ichizo, Ishihara, Tomoko, 1000050250113, Oura, Masaki, 1000070423035, Yamaguchi, Akinobu, Akamatsu, Naoya, Saegusa, Shunya, Nakamura, Ryo, 1000080326298, Utsumi, Yuichi, 1000070709633, Kato, Masaru, 1000040292776, Yagi, Ichizo, Ishihara, Tomoko, 1000050250113, and Oura, Masaki

Abstract

The electrochemical Ni deposition at a platinum electrode was investigated in a plating nickel bath in the presence and absence of ethylene glycol (EG) using fluorescence yield soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (FY-XAS) in the Ni L2,3-edge and O K-edge regions under potential control. At ≤+0.35 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the electrochemical Ni deposition was detected by the Ni L2,3-edge FY-XAS in the presence of EG whereas almost no such event was observed in the absence of EG. A drastic decrease of FY-XAS intensities in the O K-edge region was also observed in the presence of EG at >+0.35 V vs. RHE, suggesting that the nano-/micro-structured Ni deposition initiated by the removal of water molecules occurs on the Pt electrode. The complex formation of Ni2+ with EG and the adsorption of EG on the Ni surface could play an important role in the Ni deposition. This study demonstrates that the in situ FY-XAS is a powerful and surface-sensitive technique to understand (electro)chemical reactions including polyol synthesis and electrocatalysis at solid–liquid interfaces.

Published
2022

27. Valence fluctuation in Yb3Si5 probed by synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

Author

Kuga, Kentaro, Matsunami, Masaharu, Fujiwara, Hidenori, Nozue, Goro, Ose, Akane, Sekiyama, Akira, Yasui, Akira, Hamamoto, Satoru, Oura, Masaki, and Takeuchi, Tsunehiro

Abstract

We report the direct evidence of valence fluctuation in the thermoelectric material Yb3Si5 by using synchrotron X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The Yb 3 d core level photoemission spectrum of a Yb3Si5 single crystal shows clear separation of the Yb2+ peak and Yb3+ multiplet peaks. From the spectral weight of each component, the mean valence of Yb ions is estimated to be +2.67 at 20 K. Furthermore, a Kondo resonance peak just below the Fermi energy is also observed by high-resolution soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, suggesting the valence fluctuating state in Yb3Si5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Probing gaseous molecular structure by molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions.

Author

Fukuzawa, Hironobu, Yamada, Syuhei, Sakakibara, Yuta, Tachibana, Tetsuya, Ito, Yuta, Takanashi, Tsukasa, Nishiyama, Toshiyuki, Sakai, Tsukasa, Nagaya, Kiyonobu, Saito, Norio, Oura, Masaki, Stener, Mauro, Decleva, Piero, and Ueda, Kiyoshi

Subjects
PHOTOELECTRONS, MOLECULAR structure, MOLECULAR probes, TIME-dependent density functional theory, DEPENDENCY (Psychology)
Abstract

Carbon 1s photoelectron angular distributions of an iodomethane molecule were measured relative to the recoil-frame determined by the momentum correlation between I+ and C H 3 + at photoelectron energies of 3, 6.1, and 12 eV. The energy dependent behavior of the recoil-frame photoelectron angular distributions is reproduced reasonably well by the time-dependent density functional theory with B-spline methods. We discuss potential applications of the fully differential photoelectron angular distribution measurements in the molecular frame to three-dimensional molecular structural determinations identifying the directions and lengths of the bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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33. Depth analysis of local conformation in poly(methyl methacrylate) adsorbed onto SiOxstudied by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with an Ar gas cluster ion beam

Author

Yamane, Hiroyuki, Oura, Masaki, Kawaguchi, Daisuke, Nitta, Kiyofumi, Sekizawa, Oki, Ishikawa, Tetsuya, Yamamoto, Satoru, Tanaka, Keiji, and Hatsui, Takaki

Abstract

Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with linearly polarized soft X-rays, we investigated the local conformation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) adsorbed to a SiOx/Si(111) surface. The preedge intensity of the O K-edge XAS for PMMA, originating from the O 1s → π*transition at a C=O group in the side chain, was stronger for vertically polarized incident X-rays than for horizontally polarized ones. Conversely, the XAS intensity originating from the O 1s → σ*transition showed the opposite trend. These findings suggest that the C=O group in the side chain of PMMA exhibited preferential orientation rather than an amorphous arrangement. To gain further insights, we conducted a depth profile analysis of the local conformation of PMMA using XAS combined with an argon gas cluster ion beam (GCIB). GCIB-XAS analysis revealed that the orientation of the C=O group in the side chain of PMMA differs between the region from the SiOxinterface to a distance on the order of 1 nanometer and the bulk PMMA region.

Published
2023
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37. Photoemission from the gas phase using soft x-ray fs pulses: an investigation of the space-charge effects

Author

Verna, Adriano, primary, Stefani, Giovanni, additional, Offi, Francesco, additional, Gejo, Tatsuo, additional, Tanaka, Yoshihito, additional, Tanaka, Kenta, additional, Nishie, Tatsuru, additional, Nagaya, Kiyonobu, additional, Niozu, Akinobu, additional, Yamamura, Ryosuke, additional, Suenaga, Taiga, additional, Takahashi, Osamu, additional, Fujise, Hikaru, additional, Togashi, Tadashi, additional, Yabashi, Makina, additional, and Oura, Masaki, additional

Published
2020
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38. Study on solid/solid- and solid/liquid-interface-dependent material properties for an artificial multiferroic system and additive manufacturing process

Author

Yamaguchi, Akinobu, primary, Saegusa, Shunya, additional, Nakamura, Ryo, additional, Akamatsu, Naoya, additional, Nakao, Aiko, additional, Sakurai, Ikuya, additional, Okada, Ikuo, additional, Utsumi, Yuichi, additional, Ogasawara, Takeshi, additional, Yamada, Keisuke, additional, Oura, Masaki, additional, and Ohkouchi, Takuo, additional

Published
2020
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42. Characterization of radiation from a figure-8 undulator by a gas-scattering method

Author

Tanaka, Takashi, Oura, Masaki, Ohashi, Haruhiko, Goto, Shunji, Suzuki, Yoshio, and Kitamura, Hideo

Subjects
Radiation -- Research, Physics
Abstract

A new study uses a gas scattering technique to measure the absolute flux, spatial dependence and polarization properties of of the intensity of figure-8 undulator radiation.

Published
2000

43. Deep core photoionization of iodine in CH3I and CF3I molecules : how deep down does the chemical shift reach?

Author

Boudjemia, Nacer, Jankala, Kari, Gejo, Tatsuo, Nagaya, Kiyonobu, Tamasaku, Kenji, Huttula, Marko, Piancastelli, Maria Novella, Simon, Marc, Oura, Masaki, Boudjemia, Nacer, Jankala, Kari, Gejo, Tatsuo, Nagaya, Kiyonobu, Tamasaku, Kenji, Huttula, Marko, Piancastelli, Maria Novella, Simon, Marc, and Oura, Masaki

Abstract

Hard X-ray electron spectroscopic study of iodine 1s and 2s photoionization of iodomethane (CH3I) and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) molecules is presented. The experiment was carried out at the SPring-8 synchrotron radiation facility in Japan. The results are analyzed with the aid of relativistic molecular and atomic calculations. It is shown that charge redistribution within the molecule is experimentally observable even for very deep levels and is a function of the number of electron vacancies. We also show that the analysis of Auger spectra subsequent to hard X-ray photoionization can be used to provide insight into charge distribution in molecules and highlight the necessity of quantum electrodynamics corrections in the prediction of core shell binding energies in molecules that contain heavy atoms.

Published
2019
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44. Multilateral surface analysis of the CeB6 electron‐gun cathode used at SACLA XFEL.

Author

Ohkochi, Takuo, Muro, Takayuki, Ikenaga, Eiji, Togawa, Kazuaki, Yasui, Akira, Kotsugi, Masato, Oura, Masaki, and Tanaka, Hitoshi

Subjects
SURFACE analysis, SYNCHROTRON radiation, ELECTRON emission, PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy, NUCLEAR activation analysis, CATHODES, FREE electron lasers
Abstract

The CeB6(001) single crystal used as a cathode in a low‐emittance electron gun and operated at the free‐electron laser facility SACLA was investigated using cathode lens electron microscopy combined with X‐ray spectroscopy at SPring‐8 synchrotron radiation facility. Multilateral analysis using thermionic emission electron microscopy, low‐energy electron microscopy, ultraviolet and X‐ray photoemission electron microscopy and hard X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy revealed that the thermionic electrons are emitted strongly and evenly from the CeB6 surface after pre‐activation treatment (annealing at 1500°C for >1 h) and that the thermionic emission intensity as well as elemental composition vary between the central area and the edge of the old CeB6 surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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46. Magnetic Scattering in Ni Wires Fabricated on Ferroelectric LiNbO3 Substrate for Magnetic Sensor Application

Author

Nakamura, Ryo, primary, Saegusa, Shunya, additional, Suzuki, Satoru, additional, Nakao, Aiko, additional, Utsumi, Yuichi, additional, Ohkochi, Takuo, additional, Oura, Masaki, additional, Takizawa, Yukako, additional, Saiki, Tsunemasa, additional, Lee, Taekhyeon, additional, Kim, Kab-Jin, additional, Yamada, Keisuke, additional, Ogasawara, Takeshi, additional, and Yamaguchi, Akinobu, additional

Published
2019
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