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6. Antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients exposed to MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens.

Author

Thomas, Swapna, Smatti, Maria K., Alsulaiti, Haya, Zedan, Hadeel T., Eid, Ali H., Hssain, Ali A., Abu Raddad, Laith J., Gentilcore, Giusy, Ouhtit, Allal, Althani, Asmaa A., Nasrallah, Gheyath K., Grivel, Jean‐Charles, and Yassine, Hadi M.

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, MERS coronavirus, MIDDLE East respiratory syndrome
Abstract

This study evaluated the potential for antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) in serum samples from patients exposed to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV). Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination on ADE in individuals with a MERS infection history. We performed ADE assay in sera from MERS recovered and SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccinated individuals using BHK cells expressing FcgRIIa, SARS‐CoV‐2, and MERS‐CoV pseudoviruses (PVs). Further, we analyzed the association of ADE to serum IgG levels and neutralization. Out of 16 MERS patients, nine demonstrated ADE against SARS‐CoV‐2 PV, however, none of the samples demonstrated ADE against MERS‐CoV PV. Furthermore, out of the seven patients exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination after MERS‐CoV infection, only one patient (acutely infected with MERS‐CoV) showed ADE for SARS‐CoV‐2 PV. Further analysis indicated that IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 against SARS‐CoV‐2 S1 and RBD subunits, IgG1 and IgG2 against the MERS‐CoV S1 subunit, and serum neutralizing activity were low in ADE‐positive samples. In summary, samples from MERS‐CoV‐infected patients exhibited ADE against SARS‐CoV‐2 and was significantly associated with low levels of neutralizing antibodies. Subsequent exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination resulted in diminished ADE activity while the PV neutralization assay demonstrated a broadly reactive antibody response in some patient samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. ITGB1BP1, a Novel Transcriptional Target of CD44-Downstream Signaling Promoting Cancer Cell Invasion

Author

Ahmad,Salma M S, Nazar,Hanan, Rahman,Md Mizanur, Rusyniak,Radoslaw Stefan, Ouhtit,Allal, Ahmad,Salma M S, Nazar,Hanan, Rahman,Md Mizanur, Rusyniak,Radoslaw Stefan, and Ouhtit,Allal

Abstract

Salma M S Ahmad, Hanan Nazar, Md Mizanur Rahman, Radoslaw Stefan Rusyniak, Allal Ouhtit Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, QatarCorrespondence: Allal Ouhtit, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar, Tel +974 4403-7572, Email aouhtit@qu.edu.qaAbstract: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy worldwide and has a poor prognosis, because it begins in the breast and disseminates to lymph nodes and distant organs. While invading, BC cells acquire aggressive characteristics from the tumor microenvironment through several mechanisms. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying the process of BC cell invasion can pave the way towards the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis. We have previously reported that the activation of CD44 receptor with its major ligand hyaluronan (HA) promotes BC metastasis to the liver in vivo. Next, a gene expression profiling microarray analysis was conducted to identify and validate CD44-downstream transcriptional targets mediating its pro-metastatic function from RNA samples collected from Tet CD44-induced versus control MCF7-B5 cells. We have already validated a number of novel CD44-target genes and published their underlying signaling pathways in promoting BC cell invasion. From the same microarray analysis, Integrin subunit beta 1 binding protein 1 (ITGB1BP1) was also identified as a potential CD44-target gene that was upregulated (2-fold) upon HA activation of CD44. This report will review the lines of evidence collected from the literature to support our hypothesis, and further discuss the possible mechanisms linking HA activation of CD44 to its novel potential transcriptional target ITGB1BP1.Keywords: ITGB1BP1, Breast cancer, CD44, Hyaluronan, metastasis

Published
2023

15. Awareness about Autism among School Teachers in Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Al-Sharbati, Marwan M., Al-Farsi, Yahya M., Ouhtit, Allal, Waly, Mostafa I., Al-Shafaee, Moham, Al-Farsi, Omar, Al-Khaduri, Maha, Al-Said, Mona F., and Al-Adawi, Samir

Abstract

Children with special needs such as those with autism spectrum disorder have been recorded as ostracized and stigmatized in many parts of the world. Little is known about whether such negative views are present among mainstream teachers in Oman. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate school teachers' awareness about autism spectrum disorder in an urban region in Oman. A total of 164 teachers were randomly enrolled from five schools. Misconceptions about autism spectrum disorder were found to be common among mainstream teachers in the country. We posit that such lack of awareness was likely to be rooted with sociocultural patterning as well as conflicting views often "spun" by the scientific community and mass media. Enlightened views toward children with autism spectrum disorder should be presented to Omani teachers to overcome misconceptions and negative attitudes toward children with autism spectrum disorder.

Published
2015
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18. Bacteriocin-Nanoconjugates (Bac10307-AgNPs) Biosynthesized from Lactobacillus acidophilus-Derived Bacteriocins Exhibit Enhanced and Promising Biological Activities

Author

Siddiqui, Arif Jamal, primary, Patel, Mitesh, additional, Adnan, Mohd, additional, Jahan, Sadaf, additional, Saxena, Juhi, additional, Alshahrani, Mohammed Merae, additional, Abdelgadir, Abdelmushin, additional, Bardakci, Fevzi, additional, Sachidanandan, Manojkumar, additional, Badraoui, Riadh, additional, Snoussi, Mejdi, additional, and Ouhtit, Allal, additional

Published
2023
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22. Chemoprevention of Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis by Spirulina

Author

Ouhtit, Allal, Ismail, Mohammed F., Othman, Amira, Fernando, Augusta, Abdraboh, Mohamed E., El-Kott, Attalla F., Azab, Yahia A., Abdeen, Sherif H., Gaur, Rajiv L., Gupta, Ishita, Shanmuganathan, Somya, Al-Farsi, Yahya M., Al-Riyami, Hamad, and Raj, Madhwa H.G.

Published
2014
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23. Variation in Socio-Economic Burden for Caring of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Oman: Caregiver Perspectives

Author

Al-Farsi, Yahya M., Waly, Mostafa I., Al-Sharbati, Marwan M., Al-Shafaee, Moham, Al-Farsi, Omar, Al-Fahdi, Samiya, Ouhtit, Allal, Al-Khaduri, Maha, and Al-Adawi, Samir

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether caregiver's variations in socioeconomic status (SES) has direct bearing on challenges of nurturing children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Oman. A cadre of caregivers (n = 150) from two types of SES (low-income and middle-high income) were compared based on four domains: (1) accessing and perception of remedial services, (2) utilization and perception of psychiatric services, (3) constraints for being a caregiver of children with ASD and (4) financial expenses of taking care of children with ASD. There is little indication that any particular SES fare well on these domains. Factors to mitigate such predicaments are therefore imperative in order to improve quality of life for caregivers among children with ASD.

Published
2013
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26. Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae Extract Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells

Author

Alateyah, Nouralhuda, Ahmad, Salma M. S., Gupta, Ishita, Fouzat, Arij, Thaher, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Das, Probir, Al Moustafa, Ala-Eddin, and Ouhtit, Allal

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, frequency, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, COVID-19, symptoms, Qatar, smoking, Food Science
Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant cancer in females worldwide. Drug resistance, toxicity, and the failure of current therapies to completely cure BC has challenged conventional medicine. Consequently, complementary alternative medicine has become popular due to its safety and efficacy. Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pulvialis) is a green microalga living in fresh water, and its crude extract is rich of bioactives, including carotenoids, known to inhibit cancer cell growth. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a methanol crude extract called “T1” of H. pulvialis on cell growth and migration/invasion of the BC cell line MDA-MB-231 in comparison to the fibroblast control cells. TI significantly suppressed BC cell growth, inhibited migration and invasion and induced apoptosis. Interestingly, apoptosis was mediated by a significant loss of mutant p53 protein, and increased Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Our findings support our hypothesis that T1 exerts its anti-cancer effects by inhibiting BC invasion and inducing apoptosis mediated, at least, via the p53/Bax/Bcl2 pathway. Ongoing experiments aim to identify the molecular mechanisms underpinning T1-inhibited BC cell invasion using pre-designed metastasis gene-based array method.

Published
2022

31. Novel role of BRCA1 interacting C‐terminal helicase 1 (BRIP1) in breast tumour cell invasion

Author

Rizeq, Balsam, Sif, Saïd, Nasrallah, Gheyath K., and Ouhtit, Allal

Subjects
Wound Healing, proliferation, BRIP1, Down-Regulation, Breast Neoplasms, Original Articles, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, invasion, targeted therapy, Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, breast cancer, Cell Movement, Cell Line, Tumor, metastasis, Humans, Original Article, Female, Neoplasm Invasiveness, RNA, Messenger, RNA, Small Interfering, RNA Helicases, Cell Proliferation
Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Only 5%‐10% of mutations in BRCA genes are associated with familial breast tumours in Eastern countries, suggesting the contribution of other genes. Using a microarray gene expression profiling study of BC, we have recently identified BRIP1 (fivefold up‐regulation) as a potential gene associated with BC progression in the Omani population. Although BRIP1 regulates DNA repair and cell proliferation, the precise role of BRIP1 in BC cell invasion/metastasis has not been explored yet; this prompted us to test the hypothesis that BRIP1 promotes BC cell proliferation and invasion. Using a combination of cellular and molecular approaches, our results revealed differential overexpression of BRIP1 in different BC cell lines. Functional assays validated further the physiological relevance of BRIP1 in tumour malignancy, and siRNA‐mediated BRIP1 knockdown significantly reduced BC cell motility by targeting key motility‐associated genes. Moreover, down‐regulation of BRIP1 expression significantly attenuated cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest. Our study is the first to show the novel function of BRIP1 in promoting BC cell invasion by regulating expression of various downstream target genes. Furthermore, these findings provide us with a unique opportunity to identify BRIP1‐induced pro‐invasive genes that could serve as biomarkers and/or targets to guide the design of appropriate BC targeted therapies.

Published
2020

39. Variation in socio-economic burden for caring of children with autism spectrum disorder in Oman: caregiver perspectives

Author

Farsi, Yahya M. Al-, Waly, Mostafa I., Sharbati, Marwan M. Al-, Shafaee, Mohamed Al-, Farsi, Omar Al-, Fahdi, Samiya Al-, Ouhtit, Allal, Khaduri, Maha Al-, and Adawi, Samir Al-

Subjects
Pervasive developmental disorders -- Care and treatment -- Economic aspects -- Research, Caregivers -- Services -- Economic aspects -- Research, Social classes -- Health aspects -- Research, Health
Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether caregiver's variations in socioeconomic status (SES) has direct bearing on challenges of nurturing children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Oman. A cadre of caregivers (n = 150) from two types of SES (low-income and middle-high income) were compared based on four domains: (1) accessing and perception of remedial services, (2) utilization and perception of psychiatric services, (3) constraints for being a caregiver of children with ASD and (4) financial expenses of taking care of children with ASD. There is little indication that any particular SES fare well on these domains. Factors to mitigate such predicaments are therefore imperative in order to improve quality of life for caregivers among children with ASD. Keywords Socio-economic burden * Autism * ASD * Caregiver * Oman, Introduction Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are defined by impairments within the following three categories: social interaction, communication skills, and patterns of activities (American [...]

Published
2013
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45. CD146, a novel target of CD44-signaling, suppresses breast tumor cell invasion

Author

Ouhtit, Allal, Abdraboh, Mohammed E., Hollenbach, Andrew D., Zayed, Hatem, and Raj, Madhwa H. G.

Subjects
Breast cancer, CD146, lcsh:Cytology, Biochemistry and cell biology, lcsh:R, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry, lcsh:Medicine, MMPs, CD44, lcsh:QH573-671, Metastasis
Abstract

We have previously validated three novel CD44-downstream positively regulated transcriptional targets, including Cortactin, Survivin and TGF-β2, and further characterized the players underlying their separate signaling pathways. In the present study, we identified CD146 as a potential novel target, negatively regulated by CD44. While the exact function of CD146 in breast cancer (BC) is not completely understood, substantial evidence from our work and others support the hypothesis that CD146 is a suppressor of breast tumor progression. Therefore, using molecular and pharmacological approaches both in vitro and in breast tissues of human samples, the present study validated CD146 as a novel target of CD44-signaling suppressed during BC progression. Our results revealed that CD44 activation could cause a substantial decrease of CD146 expression with an equally notable converse effect upon CD44-siRNA inhibition. More interestingly, activation of CD44 decreased cellular CD146 and increased soluble CD146 through CD44-dependent activation of MMP. Here, we provide a possible mechanism by which CD146 suppresses BC progression as a target of CD44-downstream signaling, regulating neovascularization and cancer cell motility.Other Information Published in: Cell Communication and Signaling License: In CopyrightSee article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-017-0200-3

Published
2017

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