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Abdul Gafar Victoir Coulidiaty,1 Saamou Isaac Boni,2 Raogo Ouedraogo,1 Benjamin Kouliga Koama,2 Harouna Soré,3 Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda,2 Téné Marceline Yaméogo,4 Estelle Noëla Hoho Youl1 1Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; 2Laboratoire de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; 3Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; 4Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina FasoCorrespondence: Abdul Gafar Victoir Coulidiaty, Email gafarvictoir@gmail.comBackground: Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich). Hochst, popularly known as Morula, is a plant in the Anacardiaceae family. The bark, fruits, and leaves have traditionally been used to manage a variety of health conditions, most especially diabetes. Unfortunately, there is a scarcity of data and publications on the toxicity and safety of this plant.Purpose: The current study was designed to assess the acute and chronic toxicity of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Sclerocarya birrea in albino rats.Materials and Methods: Sclerocarya birrea was extracted using an 80– 20% hydro-ethanolic solution. For the acute toxicity study, female Wistar albino rats were treated with hydro-ethanolic leaf extract at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight and followed-up for 14 days. In the chronic toxicity study, 40 healthy Wistar albino rats were divided in 4 groups. The three treatment groups were administered the leaf hydro-ethanolic extract orally at dosages of 30, 150, and 1000 mg/kg once day for 90 days and the fourth group was a control group. Body and organs weights, haematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological parameters were measured at the end of the experiment.Results: Single-dose oral administration of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Sclerocarya birrea at 5000 mg/kg produced no mortality indicating the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Following 90 days of administration of a hydro-ethanolic extract of Sclerocarya birrea leaves, there was no significant change in body and organs weights. Furthermore, biochemical, haematological and histopathological parameters did not vary significantly.Conclusion: This data indicates neither acute or chronic toxicity in rats and is consistent with the widespread and long-term usage of Sclerocarya birrea in African traditional medicine.Keywords: Sclerocarya birrea, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, diabetes

Genetic alterations in the TP63 (GenBank: NC_000003.12, ID: 8626) and CCR5 (receptor 5 chemokine co-receptor) (GenBank: NC_000003.12, ID: 1234) genes may increase the risk of developing breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the probable involvement of polymorphisms rs17506395 in the TP63 (tumour protein 63) gene and the CCR5Δ32 mutation in the occurrence of breast cancer in Burkina Faso. This case–control study included 72 patients and 72 controls. Genotyping of SNP rs17506395 (TP63) was performed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism, and genotyping of the CCR5Δ32 mutation was performed by allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction. For SNP rs17506395 (TP63), the genotypic frequencies of wild-type homozygotes (TT) and heterozygotes (TG) were, respectively, 27.72 and 72.22% in cases and 36.11 and 63.89% in controls. No mutated homozygotes (GG) were observed. For the CCR5Δ32 mutation, the genotypic frequencies of wild-type homozygotes (WT/WT) and heterozygotes (WT/Δ32) were 87.5 and 13.5%, respectively, in the cases and 89.29 and 10.71%, respectively, in the controls. No mutated homozygotes (Δ32/Δ32) were observed. None of the polymorphisms rs17506395 of the TP63 gene (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 0.69–3.17, P = 0.284) and the CCR5Δ32 mutation (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.46–3.77; P = 0.79) were associated with the occurrence of breast cancer in this study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiradical and inhibitory activity of whole plant extracts of Phyllanthus amarus and Striga hermonthica on a-amylase. Methods: The crude 70% (v/v) hydroethanolic extracts obtained were used for the assay of polyphenols, the antiradical test with DPPH, the test for the inhibition of a-amylase with DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic). The enzyme extracts were obtained from sorghum malt (Sorghum bicolor). Results: It appears from this study that the extract of P. amarus was richer in polyphenols than the extract of S. hermonthica. Regarding the antiradical activity, the extract of S. hermonthica showed an IC50 of 339.06 ± 1.43 µg/mL against 77.74 ±2.73 µg/mL for the extract of P. amarus. Regarding the anti a-amylase activity, the extract of P. amarus inhibited IMS127 and KMTC 274 respectively 43.64 ±0.59% and 66.28 ±1.97%. On the other hand, the extract of S. hermonthica presented an inhibition of 3.93 ±0.91% on IMS127 and 14.85 ±1.62% on KMTC 274. The extract of P. amarus presents a good antiradical activity and anti a-amylase compared to S. hermonthica extract. In conclusion, these results partly explain the use of these plants in traditional medicine to treat or relieve people suffering from diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is widespread among sexually active individuals. Several factors may contribute to increased risk of infection in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to determine the high-risk (HR-HPV) and low-risk (LR-HPV) oncogenic HPV genotypes among pregnant women in Ouagadougou.

Summary: Background: Few studies have investigated the global burden of sequelae and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) for survivors of epidermal necrolysis (EN). Objectives: To investigate the long‐term HRQoL for survivors of EN using validated instruments. Methods: We conducted a single‐centre study that enrolled patients who were admitted for EN between 2010 and 2017. HRQoL was assessed via phone interview using the Short Form (SF)‐36 questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, Impact of Event Scale‐Revised, and general quality‐of‐life outcomes, including EN‐specific sequelae. The primary outcome measure was the physical component summary (PCS) score of the SF‐36. Results: In total, 57 survivors of EN [19 (33%) with intensive care unit (ICU) admission] were interviewed via telephone at a median of 3·6 years (1·9–6·1) after hospital discharge. The median PCS score was 0·44 SDs below that of the age‐ and sex‐matched reference population and was significantly lower for survivors of EN who were admitted to the ICU vs. those who were not [43·7 (28·7–49·3) vs. 51·2 (39·4–56·5), P = 0·042]. The proportion of patients with EN who had HAD‐anxiety score ≥ 8 or HAD‐depression score ≥ 5 was 54% and 21%, respectively. Physical and mental outcomes did not differ between patients with EN who were admitted to the ICU and survivors of septic shock. Reported EN‐specific sequelae were cutaneous (77%), ocular (70%), psychological (60%), dental/oral (49%), genital (30%) and respiratory (18%), with median intensity on a visual analogue scale. Conclusions: Our study confirms the major burden and long‐term impact of EN on quality of life for survivors and emphasizes the need for prolonged close follow‐up after the acute phase. What's already known about this topic? Long‐term sequelae have been reported in 90% of survivors of epidermal necrolysis (EN).Few studies have investigated the global burden of sequelae and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in survivors of EN. What does this study add? Survivors of EN, particularly those admitted to the intensive care unit, had poorer physical HRQoL than the French reference population but had comparable HRQoL to survivors of septic shock.Survivors of EN exhibited symptoms of anxiety, depression and post‐traumatic stress syndrome.The most frequent sequelae were cutaneous, ocular and psychological, with visual analogue scale scores of 5/10 and 6/10.These results confirm the burden of EN on quality of life. Linked Comment:Lee and Creamer. Br J Dermatol 2020; 182:826–827. Plain language summary available online [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I Dear Editor i Patients with epidermal necrolysis (EN, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis) are managed in dermatology, intensive care units (ICU) or burn centres. In the past 2 years (2018-2019), 89 patients were managed in the 13 participating centres, including 46 patients managed in dermatology departments, 18 in intensive care units and 25 in burn units. One dermatology department and one intensive care unit from the same hospital, which is the coordinator centre of the French Reference Center, managed 36 of these 89 patients (40.5%). [Extracted from the article]

In Burkina Faso, the sesame sector is still relatively unorganized, with poor quality seeds that are unsuitable or outdated farming practices and noncompliant with recommended technical itineraries. This situation is very worrying and needs to be rectified. For this reason, we undertook this study to highlight the impact of the seeding method on the physiological, morphological, and agronomic performances of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties grown in Burkina Faso. The experiment was conducted at the Gampèla agropedagogical station located at 12°25′N, 12°22′W from Ouagadougou. Varieties S-42, 32-15, Wollega, and Humera were grown in strips (broadcast seeding) and in randomized complete blocks (row sowing). Row seeding favored plant growth and development for all varieties. Seed yield per plant for row seeding was significantly (P

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this study was conducted to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in women in the general population of three regions of Burkina Faso.

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor with a controversial prognosis due to its potentially aggressive and recurrent evolution. We report a case of brain invasion by a multi-recurrent angulo-mandibular ameloblastoma. Objective: Report the therapeutic difficulties and evolutive surprises of multi-recurrent ameloblastoma through the study of a case of cerebral invasion and a review of the literature. Observation: K. S., a 34-year-old female patient was seen in consultation in 2009 for a histologically confirmed ameloblastoma of the right mandibular angle. Operated four times after three recurrences, the patient was seen 11 years after the first diagnosis, in a pattern of intracranial hypertension syndrome and CT scan revealed a homolateral endocranial expansive process. Operated in neurosurgery in 2020, the patient died in the postoperative period. The histology of the surgical specimen obtained confirmed the diagnosis of plexiform ameloblastoma. Conclusion: The benignity of multi-recurrent ameloblastoma must be nuanced. A radical surgical treatment does not exclude recurrences and secondary localizations.