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21 results on '"Ouchi, Kenji"'

3. Novel acid trehalase belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 37 from Pleurotus sp.: cloning, expression and characterization

Author

Tsutsumi, Gaku, primary, Kuroki, Chikako, additional, Kamei, Kengo, additional, Kusuda, Mizuho, additional, Nakazawa, Masami, additional, Sakamoto, Tatsuji, additional, Ishikawa, Mariko, additional, Harada, Shinji, additional, Kobayashi, Hitoshi, additional, Ouchi, Kenji, additional, Inatomi, Satoshi, additional, Sakaguchi, Minoru, additional, Iwamoto, Takeo, additional, and Ueda, Mitsuhiro, additional

Published
2022
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10. Breakdown of continuum fracture mechanics at the nanoscale

Author

20534259, 20169882, Shimada, Takahiro, Ouchi, Kenji, Chihara, Yuu, Kitamura, Takayuki, 20534259, 20169882, Shimada, Takahiro, Ouchi, Kenji, Chihara, Yuu, and Kitamura, Takayuki

Abstract

Materials fail by the nucleation and propagation of a crack, the critical condition of which is quantitatively described by fracture mechanics that uses an intensity of singular stress field characteristically formed near the crack-tip. However, the continuum assumption basing fracture mechanics obscures the prediction of failure of materials at the nanoscale due to discreteness of atoms. Here, we demonstrate the ultimate dimensional limit of fracture mechanics at the nanoscale, where only a small number of atoms are included in a singular field of continuum stress formed near a crack tip. Surprisingly, a singular stress field of only several nanometers still governs fracture as successfully as that at the macroscale, whereas both the stress intensity factor and the energy release rate fail to describe fracture below a critically confined singular field of 2-3 nm, i.e., breakdown of fracture mechanics within the framework of the continuum theory. We further propose an energy-based theory that explicitly accounts for the discrete nature of atoms, and demonstrate that our theory not only successfully describes fracture even below the critical size but also seamlessly connects the atomic to macroscales. It thus provides a more universal fracture criterion, and novel atomistic insights into fracture.

Published
2015

21. Pleurotus eryngii Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice.

Author

Kawai J, Andoh T, Ouchi K, and Inatomi S

Abstract

Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) is consumed as a fresh cultivated mushroom worldwide and demonstrated to have multiple beneficial effects. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of P. eryngii in mice with acute lung injury (ALI). Intranasal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10  μ g/site/mouse) induced marked lung inflammation (increase in the number of inflammatory cells, protein leakage, and production of nitric oxide in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) as well as histopathological damage in the lung, 6 h after treatment. Mice administered heat-treated P. eryngii (0.3-1 g/kg, p.o. (HTPE)) 1 h before LPS challenge showed decreased pulmonary inflammation and ameliorated histopathological damage. These results suggest that HTPE has anti-inflammatory effects against ALI. Thus, P. eryngii itself may also have anti-inflammatory effects and could be a beneficial food for the prevention of ALI induced by bacterial infection.

Published
2014
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