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1. Raman spectroscopy of GaSe and InSe post-transition metal chalcogenides layers

Author

Molas, Maciej R., Tyurnina, Anastasia V., Zólyomi, Viktor, Ott, Anna K., Terry, Daniel J., Hamer, Matthew J., Yelgel, Celal, Babiński, Adam, Nasibulin, Albert G., Ferrari, Andrea C., Fal'ko, Vladimir I., and Gorbachev, Roman

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

III-VI post-transition metal chalcogenides (InSe and GaSe) are a new class of layered semiconductors, which feature a strong variation of size and type of their band gaps as a function of number of layers (N). Here, we investigate exfoliated layers of InSe and GaSe ranging from bulk crystals down to monolayer, encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride, using Raman spectroscopy. We present the N-dependence of both intralayer vibrations within each atomic layer, as well as of the interlayer shear and layer breathing modes. A linear chain model can be used to describe the evolution of the peak positions as a function of N, consistent with first principles calculations., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020
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3. Photocatalytic activity of exfoliated graphite-TiO$_2$ nanocomposites

Author

Guidetti, Gloria, Pogna, Eva A. A., Lombardi, Lucia, Tomarchio, Flavia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Joosten, Rick R. M., Ianiro, Alessandro, Soavi, Giancarlo, Sommerdijk, Nico A. J. M., Friedrich, Heiner, Pokroy, Boaz, Ott, Anna K., Goisis, Marco, Zerbetto, Francesco, Falini, Giuseppe, Calvaresi, Matteo, Ferrari, Andrea C., Cerullo, Giulio, and Montalti, Marco

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We investigate the photocatalytic performance of nanocomposites prepared in a one-step process by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite in the presence of TiO$_2$ nanoparticles (NPs) at atmospheric pressure and in water, without heating or adding any surfactant, and starting from low-cost commercial reagents. The nanocomposites show enhanced photocatalytic activity, degrading up to 40$\%$ more pollutants with respect to the starting TiO$_2$-NPs. In order to understand the photo-physical mechanisms underlying this enhancement, we investigate the photo-generation of reactive species (trapped holes and electrons) by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We observe an electron transfer process from TiO$_2$ to the graphite flakes within the first picoseconds of the relaxation dynamics, which causes the decrease of the charge recombination rate, and increases the efficiency of the reactive species photo-production., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, 1 table

Published
2019

5. Large-scale quantum-emitter arrays in atomically thin semiconductors

Author

Palacios-Berraquero, Carmen, Kara, Dhiren M., Montblanch, Alejandro R. -P., Barbone, Matteo, Latawiec, Pawel, Yoon, Duhee, Ott, Anna K., Loncar, Marko, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Atature, Mete

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

The flourishing field of two-dimensional (2D) nanophotonics has generated much excitement in the quantum technologies community after the identification of quantum emitters (QEs) in layered materials (LMs). LMs offer many advantages as platforms for quantum circuits, such as integration within hybrid technologies, valley degree of freedom and strong spin-orbit coupling. QEs in LMs, however, suffer from uncontrolled occurrences, added to the uncertainty over their origin, which has been linked to defects and strain gradients. Here, we report a scalable method to create arrays of single-photon emitting QEs in tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and tungsten disulphide (WS2) using a nanopatterned silica substrate. We obtain devices with QE numbers in the range of hundreds, limited only by the flake size, and a QE yield approaching unity. The overall quality of these deterministic QEs surpasses that of their randomly appearing counterparts, with spectral wanderings of around 0.1 meV, an order of magnitude lower than previous reports. Our technique solves the scalability challenge for LM-based quantum photonic devices.

Published
2016
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6. Atomically thin quantum light emitting diodes

Author

Berraquero, Carmen Palacios, Barbone, Matteo, Kara, Dhiren M., Chen, Xiaolong, Goykhman, Ilya, Yoon, Duhee, Ott, Anna K., Beitner, Jan, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Atatüre, Mete

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are optically active layered materials providing potential for fast optoelectronics and on-chip photonics. We demonstrate electrically driven single-photon emission from localised sites in tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and tungsten disulphide (WS2). To achieve this, we fabricate a light emitting diode structure comprising single layer graphene, thin hexagonal boron nitride and TMD mono- and bi-layers. Photon correlation measurements are used to confirm the single-photon nature of the spectrally sharp emission. These results present the TMD family as a platform for hybrid, broadband, atomically precise quantum photonics devices.

Published
2016
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7. Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Recombination Dynamics in Monolayer–Multilayer WSe2 Junctions Revealed by Time-Resolved Photoemission Electron Microscopy

Author

Xu, Ce, primary, Barden, Natalie, additional, Alexeev, Evgeny M., additional, Wang, Xiaoli, additional, Long, Run, additional, Cadore, Alisson R., additional, Paradisanos, Ioannis, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Soavi, Giancarlo, additional, Tongay, Sefaattin, additional, Cerullo, Giulio, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, Prezhdo, Oleg V., additional, and Loh, Zhi-Heng, additional

Published
2024
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11. Broadband, electrically tunable third-harmonic generation in graphene

Author

Soavi, Giancarlo, Wang, Gang, Rostami, Habib, Purdie, David G., De Fazio, Domenico, Ma, Teng, Luo, Birong, Wang, Junjia, Ott, Anna K., Yoon, Duhee, Bourelle, Sean A., Muench, Jakob E., Goykhman, Ilya, Dal Conte, Stefano, Celebrano, Michele, Tomadin, Andrea, Polini, Marco, Cerullo, Giulio, and Ferrari, Andrea C.

Published
2018
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12. Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Recombination Dynamics in Monolayer–Multilayer WSe2Junctions Revealed by Time-Resolved Photoemission Electron Microscopy

Author

Xu, Ce, Barden, Natalie, Alexeev, Evgeny M., Wang, Xiaoli, Long, Run, Cadore, Alisson R., Paradisanos, Ioannis, Ott, Anna K., Soavi, Giancarlo, Tongay, Sefaattin, Cerullo, Giulio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Prezhdo, Oleg V., and Loh, Zhi-Heng

Abstract

The ultrafast carrier dynamics of junctions between two chemically identical, but electronically distinct, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) remains largely unknown. Here, we employ time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) to probe the ultrafast carrier dynamics of a monolayer-to-multilayer (1L-ML) WSe2junction. The TR-PEEM signals recorded for the individual components of the junction reveal the sub-ps carrier cooling dynamics of 1L- and 7L-WSe2, as well as few-ps exciton–exciton annihilation occurring on 1L-WSe2. We observe ultrafast interfacial hole (h) transfer from 1L- to 7L-WSe2on an ∼0.2 ps time scale. The resultant excess h density in 7L-WSe2decays by carrier recombination across the junction interface on an ∼100 ps time scale. Reminiscent of the behavior at a depletion region, the TR-PEEM image reveals the h density accumulation on the 7L-WSe2interface, with a decay length ∼0.60 ± 0.17 μm. These charge transfer and recombination dynamics are in agreement with ab initioquantum dynamics. The computed orbital densities reveal that charge transfer occurs from the basal plane, which extends over both 1L and ML regions, to the upper plane localized on the ML region. This mode of charge transfer is distinctive to chemically homogeneous junctions of layered materials and constitutes an additional carrier deactivation pathway that should be considered in studies of 1L-TMDs found alongside their ML, a common occurrence in exfoliated samples.

Published
2024
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15. Raman spectroscopy of graphene under ultrafast laser excitation

Author

Ferrante Carino, Virga Alessandra, Benfatto Lara, Martinati Miles, De Fazio Domenico, Sassi Ugo, Fasolato Claudia, Ott Anna K., Postorino Paolo, Yoon Duhee, Cerullo Giulio, Mauri Francesco, Ferrari Andrea C., and Scopigno Tullio

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The out-of-equilibrium Raman response of graphene is addressed by pulsed laser excitation. Phonon spectrum is rationalized by revisiting the electron-phonon picture in the light of a transient broadening of the Dirac cone.

Published
2019
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16. Ultrafast Electronic Relaxation Dynamics of Atomically Thin MoS2Is Accelerated by Wrinkling

Author

Xu, Ce, Zhou, Guoqing, Alexeev, Evgeny M., Cadore, Alisson R., Paradisanos, Ioannis, Ott, Anna K., Soavi, Giancarlo, Tongay, Sefaattin, Cerullo, Giulio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Prezhdo, Oleg V., and Loh, Zhi-Heng

Abstract

Strain engineering is an attractive approach for tuning the local optoelectronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). While strain has been shown to affect the nanosecond carrier recombination dynamics of TMDs, its influence on the sub-picosecond electronic relaxation dynamics is still unexplored. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) and nonadiabatic ab initiomolecular dynamics (NAMD) to investigate the ultrafast dynamics of wrinkled multilayer (ML) MoS2comprising 17 layers. Following 2.41 eV photoexcitation, electronic relaxation at the Γ valley occurs with a time constant of 97 ± 2 fs for wrinkled ML-MoS2and 120 ± 2 fs for flat ML-MoS2. NAMD shows that wrinkling permits larger amplitude motions of MoS2layers, relaxes electron–phonon coupling selection rules, perturbs chemical bonding, and increases the electronic density of states. As a result, the nonadiabatic coupling grows and electronic relaxation becomes faster compared to flat ML-MoS2. Our study suggests that the sub-picosecond electronic relaxation dynamics of TMDs is amenable to strain engineering and that applications which require long-lived hot carriers, such as hot-electron-driven light harvesting and photocatalysis, should employ wrinkle-free TMDs.

Published
2023
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17. Weak distance dependence of hot-electron-transfer rates at the interface between monolayer MoS₂ and gold

Author

Xu, Ce, Yong, Hui Wen, He, Jinlu, Long, Run, Cadore, Alisson R., Paradisanos, Ioannis, Ott, Anna K., Soavi, Giancarlo, Tongay, Sefaattin, Cerullo, Giulio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Prezhdo, Oleg V., Loh, Zhi-Heng, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences

Subjects
Chemistry [Science], Interfaces, Charge Transfer
Abstract

Electron transport across the transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD)/metal interface plays an important role in determining the performance of TMD-based optoelectronic devices. However, the robustness of this process against structural heterogeneities remains unexplored, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) and atomic force microscopy to investigate the spatially resolved hot-electron-transfer dynamics at the monolayer (1L) MoS2/Au interface. A spatially heterogeneous distribution of 1L-MoS2/Au gap distances, along with the sub-80 nm spatial- and sub-60 fs temporal resolution of TR-PEEM, permits the simultaneous measurement of electron-transfer rates across a range of 1L-MoS2/Au distances. These decay exponentially as a function of distance, with an attenuation coefficient β ∼ 0.06 ± 0.01 Å-1, comparable to molecular wires. Ab initio simulations suggest that surface plasmon-like states mediate hot-electron-transfer, hence accounting for its weak distance dependence. The weak distance dependence of the interfacial hot-electron-transfer rate indicates that this process is insensitive to distance fluctuations at the TMD/metal interface, thus motivating further exploration of optoelectronic devices based on hot carriers. Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Ministry of Education (MOE) Accepted version We acknowledge financial support from the A*STAR Advanced Optics in Engineering Program (122 360 0008) and the Ministry of Education (MOE2018-T2-1-081 and RG109/18), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 21973006), the EU Graphene and Quantum Flagships, ERC grants Hetero2D, GSYNCOR, EPSRC grants EP/L0160871/1, EP/K01711X/1, and EP/K017144/1, and the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. CHE1900510).

Published
2021

18. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M M Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Bianco, Alberto, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A, Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Martin, Oliver, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Marzari, Nicola, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B.K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R, Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C, and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Published
2020

19. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

European Commission, García-Hernández, M. [0000-0002-5987-0647], Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raúl, Azpeitia-Urkia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Melucci, Manuela, Beton, Peter H., Patane, Amalia, Muñoz, Roberto, Méndez, Javier, Merino, César, Zhang, Xianghui, Villaro, Elvira, Ortolani, Luca, Ruffieux, Pascal, Borin Barin, Gabriela, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Pugno, Nicola, Yazdi, Reza G., Bernard, Carlo, Tortello, Mauro, Carriazo, Daniel, Parthenios, John, Rojo, Teófilo, Ott, Anna K., Tomarchio, Flavia, Coletti, Camilla, Palacio, Irene, Castellanos-Gómez, Andrés, Strupinski, Wlodek, Prevost, Henri, Cun, Huanyao, Pasternak, Iwona, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Feng, Xinliang, Coleman, Jonathan, Fasel, Román, Beyer, André, García-Hernández, Mar, Díez, Noel, Prato, Maurizio, Berger, Claire, Stenger, Ingrid, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Crema, Luigi, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Hemmi, Adrian, Hirsch, Andreas, Yang, Sheng, Ciesielski, Artur, Kenneth, Teo B. K., Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Bøggild, Peter, Berger, Reinhard, Bernal, M. Mar, Galiotis, Costas, Hodge, Stephen A., Drieschner, Simon, Garrido, Jose A., Bianco, Alberto, Kim, HoKwon, Setijadi, Eki, García Martínez, Jorge Manuel, Stampfer, Christoph, Speranza, Giorgio, Dasler, Daniela, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Duesberg, Georg S., Testi, Matteo, Lombardi, Lucia, Kaplas, Tommi, Gómez, Julio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Gölzhäuser, Armin, Schué, Léonard, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Hernández-Rodríguez, Irene, Gibertini, Marco, Vázquez, Ester, Yakimova, Rositza, Yoon, Duhee, Martínez, José I., Martín-Gago, José A., Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, López, María Francisca, Lee, Kangho, Merino-Mateo, Pablo, Kostarelos, Kostas, Seyller, Thomas, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Yim, Chanyoung, Nolan, Hugo, Kis, Andras, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Rossi, Antonio, Morandi, Vittorio, Jiménez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Li, Changfeng, Loiseau, Annick, Svirko, Yuri, Colombo, Luigi, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Mayoral, Álvaro, Treossi, Emanuele, Meyer, Andreas P., Xia, Zhenyuan, Lipsanen, Harri, Munuera, C., Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Samorì, Paolo, Turchanin, Andrey, McManus, John, Martín, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, De-Fazio, Domenico, Palermo, Vincenzo, Martínez-Izquierdo, Lidia, Taioli, Simone, Christian, Meganne, Mishra, Neeraj, Marzari, Nicola, Whelan, Patrick R., Miniussi, Elisa, European Commission, García-Hernández, M. [0000-0002-5987-0647], Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raúl, Azpeitia-Urkia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Melucci, Manuela, Beton, Peter H., Patane, Amalia, Muñoz, Roberto, Méndez, Javier, Merino, César, Zhang, Xianghui, Villaro, Elvira, Ortolani, Luca, Ruffieux, Pascal, Borin Barin, Gabriela, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Pugno, Nicola, Yazdi, Reza G., Bernard, Carlo, Tortello, Mauro, Carriazo, Daniel, Parthenios, John, Rojo, Teófilo, Ott, Anna K., Tomarchio, Flavia, Coletti, Camilla, Palacio, Irene, Castellanos-Gómez, Andrés, Strupinski, Wlodek, Prevost, Henri, Cun, Huanyao, Pasternak, Iwona, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Feng, Xinliang, Coleman, Jonathan, Fasel, Román, Beyer, André, García-Hernández, Mar, Díez, Noel, Prato, Maurizio, Berger, Claire, Stenger, Ingrid, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Crema, Luigi, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Hemmi, Adrian, Hirsch, Andreas, Yang, Sheng, Ciesielski, Artur, Kenneth, Teo B. K., Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Bøggild, Peter, Berger, Reinhard, Bernal, M. Mar, Galiotis, Costas, Hodge, Stephen A., Drieschner, Simon, Garrido, Jose A., Bianco, Alberto, Kim, HoKwon, Setijadi, Eki, García Martínez, Jorge Manuel, Stampfer, Christoph, Speranza, Giorgio, Dasler, Daniela, Garberoglio, Giovanni, Duesberg, Georg S., Testi, Matteo, Lombardi, Lucia, Kaplas, Tommi, Gómez, Julio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Gölzhäuser, Armin, Schué, Léonard, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Hernández-Rodríguez, Irene, Gibertini, Marco, Vázquez, Ester, Yakimova, Rositza, Yoon, Duhee, Martínez, José I., Martín-Gago, José A., Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, López, María Francisca, Lee, Kangho, Merino-Mateo, Pablo, Kostarelos, Kostas, Seyller, Thomas, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Yim, Chanyoung, Nolan, Hugo, Kis, Andras, Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Rossi, Antonio, Morandi, Vittorio, Jiménez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Li, Changfeng, Loiseau, Annick, Svirko, Yuri, Colombo, Luigi, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Mayoral, Álvaro, Treossi, Emanuele, Meyer, Andreas P., Xia, Zhenyuan, Lipsanen, Harri, Munuera, C., Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Samorì, Paolo, Turchanin, Andrey, McManus, John, Martín, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, De-Fazio, Domenico, Palermo, Vincenzo, Martínez-Izquierdo, Lidia, Taioli, Simone, Christian, Meganne, Mishra, Neeraj, Marzari, Nicola, Whelan, Patrick R., and Miniussi, Elisa

Abstract

We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a 'hands-on' approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors' experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to 'bottom up' approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers 'top down' techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers' and modified Hummers' methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro

Published
2020

20. Raman spectroscopy of GaSe and InSe post-transition metal chalcogenides layers

Author

Molas, Maciej R., primary, Tyurnina, Anastasia V., additional, Zólyomi, Viktor, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Terry, Daniel J., additional, Hamer, Matthew J., additional, Yelgel, Celal, additional, Babiński, Adam, additional, Nasibulin, Albert G., additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, Fal’ko, Vladimir I., additional, and Gorbachev, Roman, additional

Published
2021
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21. Weak Distance Dependence of Hot-Electron-Transfer Rates at the Interface between Monolayer MoS2 and Gold

Author

Xu, Ce, primary, Yong, Hui Wen, additional, He, Jinlu, additional, Long, Run, additional, Cadore, Alisson R., additional, Paradisanos, Ioannis, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Soavi, Giancarlo, additional, Tongay, Sefaattin, additional, Cerullo, Giulio, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, Prezhdo, Oleg V., additional, and Loh, Zhi-Heng, additional

Published
2020
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23. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, primary, Abdelkader, Amr M, additional, Alonso, Concepción, additional, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, additional, Arenal, Raul, additional, Azpeitia, Jon, additional, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, additional, Banszerus, Luca, additional, Barjon, Julien, additional, Bartali, Ruben, additional, Bellani, Sebastiano, additional, Berger, Claire, additional, Berger, Reinhard, additional, Ortega, M M Bernal, additional, Bernard, Carlo, additional, Beton, Peter H, additional, Beyer, André, additional, Bianco, Alberto, additional, Bøggild, Peter, additional, Bonaccorso, Francesco, additional, Barin, Gabriela Borin, additional, Botas, Cristina, additional, Bueno, Rebeca A, additional, Carriazo, Daniel, additional, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, additional, Christian, Meganne, additional, Ciesielski, Artur, additional, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, additional, Cole, Matthew T, additional, Coleman, Jonathan, additional, Coletti, Camilla, additional, Crema, Luigi, additional, Cun, Huanyao, additional, Dasler, Daniela, additional, De Fazio, Domenico, additional, Díez, Noel, additional, Drieschner, Simon, additional, Duesberg, Georg S, additional, Fasel, Roman, additional, Feng, Xinliang, additional, Fina, Alberto, additional, Forti, Stiven, additional, Galiotis, Costas, additional, Garberoglio, Giovanni, additional, García, Jorge M, additional, Garrido, Jose Antonio, additional, Gibertini, Marco, additional, Gölzhäuser, Armin, additional, Gómez, Julio, additional, Greber, Thomas, additional, Hauke, Frank, additional, Hemmi, Adrian, additional, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, additional, Hirsch, Andreas, additional, Hodge, Stephen A, additional, Huttel, Yves, additional, Jepsen, Peter U, additional, Jimenez, Ignacio, additional, Kaiser, Ute, additional, Kaplas, Tommi, additional, Kim, HoKwon, additional, Kis, Andras, additional, Papagelis, Konstantinos, additional, Kostarelos, Kostas, additional, Krajewska, Aleksandra, additional, Lee, Kangho, additional, Li, Changfeng, additional, Lipsanen, Harri, additional, Liscio, Andrea, additional, Lohe, Martin R, additional, Loiseau, Annick, additional, Lombardi, Lucia, additional, Francisca López, Maria, additional, Martin, Oliver, additional, Martín, Cristina, additional, Martínez, Lidia, additional, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, additional, Ignacio Martínez, José, additional, Marzari, Nicola, additional, Mayoral, Álvaro, additional, McManus, John, additional, Melucci, Manuela, additional, Méndez, Javier, additional, Merino, Cesar, additional, Merino, Pablo, additional, Meyer, Andreas P, additional, Miniussi, Elisa, additional, Miseikis, Vaidotas, additional, Mishra, Neeraj, additional, Morandi, Vittorio, additional, Munuera, Carmen, additional, Muñoz, Roberto, additional, Nolan, Hugo, additional, Ortolani, Luca, additional, Ott, Anna K, additional, Palacio, Irene, additional, Palermo, Vincenzo, additional, Parthenios, John, additional, Pasternak, Iwona, additional, Patane, Amalia, additional, Prato, Maurizio, additional, Prevost, Henri, additional, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, additional, Pugno, Nicola, additional, Rojo, Teófilo, additional, Rossi, Antonio, additional, Ruffieux, Pascal, additional, Samorì, Paolo, additional, Schué, Léonard, additional, Setijadi, Eki, additional, Seyller, Thomas, additional, Speranza, Giorgio, additional, Stampfer, Christoph, additional, Stenger, Ingrid, additional, Strupinski, Wlodek, additional, Svirko, Yuri, additional, Taioli, Simone, additional, Teo, Kenneth B K, additional, Testi, Matteo, additional, Tomarchio, Flavia, additional, Tortello, Mauro, additional, Treossi, Emanuele, additional, Turchanin, Andrey, additional, Vazquez, Ester, additional, Villaro, Elvira, additional, Whelan, Patrick R, additional, Xia, Zhenyuan, additional, Yakimova, Rositza, additional, Yang, Sheng, additional, Yazdi, G Reza, additional, Yim, Chanyoung, additional, Yoon, Duhee, additional, Zhang, Xianghui, additional, Zhuang, Xiaodong, additional, Colombo, Luigi, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C, additional, and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar, additional

Published
2020
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24. High-Mobility, Wet-Transferred Graphene Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Author

De Fazio, Domenico, primary, Purdie, David G., additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Braeuninger-Weimer, Philipp, additional, Khodkov, Timofiy, additional, Goossens, Stijn, additional, Taniguchi, Takashi, additional, Watanabe, Kenji, additional, Livreri, Patrizia, additional, Koppens, Frank H. L., additional, Hofmann, Stephan, additional, Goykhman, Ilya, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, and Lombardo, Antonio, additional

Published
2019
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25. Photocatalytic activity of exfoliated graphite–TiO2 nanoparticle composites

Author

Guidetti, Gloria, primary, Pogna, Eva A. A., additional, Lombardi, Lucia, additional, Tomarchio, Flavia, additional, Polishchuk, Iryna, additional, Joosten, Rick R. M., additional, Ianiro, Alessandro, additional, Soavi, Giancarlo, additional, Sommerdijk, Nico A. J. M., additional, Friedrich, Heiner, additional, Pokroy, Boaz, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Goisis, Marco, additional, Zerbetto, Francesco, additional, Falini, Giuseppe, additional, Calvaresi, Matteo, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, Cerullo, Giulio, additional, and Montalti, Marco, additional

Published
2019
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27. Weak Distance Dependence of Hot-Electron-Transfer Rates at the Interface between Monolayer MoS2and Gold

Author

Xu, Ce, Yong, Hui Wen, He, Jinlu, Long, Run, Cadore, Alisson R., Paradisanos, Ioannis, Ott, Anna K., Soavi, Giancarlo, Tongay, Sefaattin, Cerullo, Giulio, Ferrari, Andrea C., Prezhdo, Oleg V., and Loh, Zhi-Heng

Abstract

Electron transport across the transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD)/metal interface plays an important role in determining the performance of TMD-based optoelectronic devices. However, the robustness of this process against structural heterogeneities remains unexplored, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) and atomic force microscopy to investigate the spatially resolved hot-electron-transfer dynamics at the monolayer (1L) MoS2/Au interface. A spatially heterogeneous distribution of 1L-MoS2/Au gap distances, along with the sub-80 nm spatial- and sub-60 fs temporal resolution of TR-PEEM, permits the simultaneous measurement of electron-transfer rates across a range of 1L-MoS2/Au distances. These decay exponentially as a function of distance, with an attenuation coefficient β ∼ 0.06 ± 0.01 Å–1, comparable to molecular wires. Ab initiosimulations suggest that surface plasmon-like states mediate hot-electron-transfer, hence accounting for its weak distance dependence. The weak distance dependence of the interfacial hot-electron-transfer rate indicates that this process is insensitive to distance fluctuations at the TMD/metal interface, thus motivating further exploration of optoelectronic devices based on hot carriers.

Published
2021
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31. Large-scale quantum-emitter arrays in atomically thin semiconductors

Author

Palacios-Berraquero, Carmen, primary, Kara, Dhiren M., additional, Montblanch, Alejandro R.-P., additional, Barbone, Matteo, additional, Latawiec, Pawel, additional, Yoon, Duhee, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Loncar, Marko, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, and Atatüre, Mete, additional

Published
2017
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32. Photocatalytic activity of exfoliated graphite–TiO2 nanoparticle composites.

Author

Guidetti, Gloria, Pogna, Eva A. A., Lombardi, Lucia, Tomarchio, Flavia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Joosten, Rick R. M., Ianiro, Alessandro, Soavi, Giancarlo, Sommerdijk, Nico A. J. M., Friedrich, Heiner, Pokroy, Boaz, Ott, Anna K., Goisis, Marco, Zerbetto, Francesco, Falini, Giuseppe, Calvaresi, Matteo, Ferrari, Andrea C., Cerullo, Giulio, and Montalti, Marco

Published
2019
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33. Factors Influencing the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Racemic β-Butyrolactone Using CrIII(salphen)

Author

Reichardt, Robert, Vagin, Sergei, Reithmeier, Richard, Ott, Anna K., and Rieger, Bernhard

Abstract

The recently discovered ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of β-butyrolactone (β-BL) using CrIII(salphen) as catalyst converts racemic β-BL to isotactic enriched poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). These achiral complexes arrange themselves in a dimeric sandwich-like structure entrapping the growing polymer chain and the monomer. The polymerization mechanism discussed based on previous DFT calculations is supported by kinetic studies in here. Furthermore, the influence of different substitution patterns in salphen complexes on polymerization of β-BL was investigated. In addition, effects of different polymerization starters and additives on the broad molecular weight distribution of PHB have been investigated, which show the limitations of this catalysis.

Published
2024
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34. Atomically thin quantum light-emitting diodes

Author

Palacios-Berraquero, Carmen, primary, Barbone, Matteo, additional, Kara, Dhiren M., additional, Chen, Xiaolong, additional, Goykhman, Ilya, additional, Yoon, Duhee, additional, Ott, Anna K., additional, Beitner, Jan, additional, Watanabe, Kenji, additional, Taniguchi, Takashi, additional, Ferrari, Andrea C., additional, and Atatüre, Mete, additional

Published
2016
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35. Cover Picture: Synthesis of submicron‐sized silver azide by multi‐nozzle spray flash synthesis (Prop., Explos., Pyrotech. 7/2023).

Author

Galland, Guillaume, Comet, Marc, Ott, Anna K., Schnell, Fabien, Lallemand, Bastien, Bonnet, Benjamin, and Spitzer, Denis

Subjects
SILVER, SPRAY nozzles, SPRAYING & dusting in agriculture, POWDERS
Abstract

Keywords: micro-reactor; primary explosive; silver azide; spray flash synthesis; submicron-sized powder EN micro-reactor primary explosive silver azide spray flash synthesis submicron-sized powder 1 1 1 07/05/23 20230701 NES 230701 B The cover image is b based on the Research Article I Synthesis of submicron-sized silver azide by multi-nozzle spray flash synthesis i by Guillaume Galland et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300018. Cover Picture: Synthesis of submicron-sized silver azide by multi-nozzle spray flash synthesis (Prop., Explos., Pyrotech. Micro-reactor, primary explosive, silver azide, spray flash synthesis, submicron-sized powder. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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44. Photocatalytic activity of exfoliated graphite-TiO$_2$ nanocomposites

Author

Guidetti, Gloria, Pogna, Eva AA, Lombardi, Lucia, Tomarchio, Flavia, Polishchuk, Iryna, Joosten, Rick RM, Ianiro, Alessandro, Soavi, Giancarlo, Sommerdijk, Nico AJM, Friedrich, Heiner, Pokroy, Boaz, Ott, Anna K, Goisis, Marco, Zerbetto, Francesco, Falini, Giuseppe, Calvaresi, Matteo, Ferrari, Andrea C, Cerullo, Giulio, and Montalti, Marco

Subjects
13. Climate action, cond-mat.mes-hall, cond-mat.mtrl-sci
Abstract

We investigate the photocatalytic performance of composites prepared in a one-step process by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) at atmospheric pressure and in water, without heating or adding any surfactant, and starting from low-cost commercial reagents. These show enhanced photocatalytic activity, degrading up to 40% more pollutants with respect to the starting TiO2-NPs, in the case of a model dye target, and up to 70% more pollutants in the case of nitrogen oxides. In order to understand the photo-physical mechanisms underlying this enhancement, we investigate the photo-generation of reactive species (trapped holes and electrons) by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We observe an electron transfer process from TiO2 to the graphite flakes within the first picoseconds of the relaxation dynamics, which causes the decrease of the charge recombination rate, and increases the efficiency of the reactive species photo-production.

45. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author

Backes, Claudia, Abdelkader, Amr M., Alonso, Concepción, Andrieux-Ledier, Amandine, Arenal, Raul, Azpeitia, Jon, Balakrishnan, Nilanthy, Banszerus, Luca, Barjon, Julien, Bartali, Ruben, Bellani, Sebastiano, Berger, Claire, Berger, Reinhard, Ortega, M. M. Bernal, Bernard, Carlo, Beton, Peter H., Beyer, André, Bianco, Alberto, Bøggild, Peter, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Barin, Gabriela Borin, Botas, Cristina, Bueno, Rebeca A., Carriazo, Daniel, Castellanos-Gomez, Andres, Christian, Meganne, Ciesielski, Artur, Ciuk, Tymoteusz, Cole, Matthew T., Coleman, Jonathan, Coletti, Camilla, Crema, Luigi, Cun, Huanyao, Dasler, Daniela, De Fazio, Domenico, Díez, Noel, Drieschner, Simon, Duesberg, Georg S., Fasel, Roman, Feng, Xinliang, Fina, Alberto, Forti, Stiven, Galiotis, Costas, Garberoglio, Giovanni, García, Jorge M., Garrido, Jose Antonio, Gibertini, Marco, Gölzhäuser, Armin, Gómez, Julio, Greber, Thomas, Hauke, Frank, Hemmi, Adrian, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Irene, Hirsch, Andreas, Hodge, Stephen A., Huttel, Yves, Jepsen, Peter U., Jimenez, Ignacio, Kaiser, Ute, Kaplas, Tommi, Kim, HoKwon, Kis, Andras, Papagelis, Konstantinos, Kostarelos, Kostas, Krajewska, Aleksandra, Lee, Kangho, Li, Changfeng, Lipsanen, Harri, Liscio, Andrea, Lohe, Martin R., Loiseau, Annick, Lombardi, Lucia, Francisca López, Maria, Martin, Oliver, Martín, Cristina, Martínez, Lidia, Martin-Gago, Jose Angel, Ignacio Martínez, José, Marzari, Nicola, Mayoral, Álvaro, McManus, John, Melucci, Manuela, Méndez, Javier, Merino, Cesar, Merino, Pablo, Meyer, Andreas P., Miniussi, Elisa, Miseikis, Vaidotas, Mishra, Neeraj, Morandi, Vittorio, Munuera, Carmen, Muñoz, Roberto, Nolan, Hugo, Ortolani, Luca, Ott, Anna K., Palacio, Irene, Palermo, Vincenzo, Parthenios, John, Pasternak, Iwona, Patane, Amalia, Prato, Maurizio, Prevost, Henri, Prudkovskiy, Vladimir, Pugno, Nicola, Rojo, Teófilo, Rossi, Antonio, Ruffieux, Pascal, Samorì, Paolo, Schué, Léonard, Setijadi, Eki, Seyller, Thomas, Speranza, Giorgio, Stampfer, Christoph, Stenger, Ingrid, Strupinski, Wlodek, Svirko, Yuri, Taioli, Simone, Teo, Kenneth B. K., Testi, Matteo, Tomarchio, Flavia, Tortello, Mauro, Treossi, Emanuele, Turchanin, Andrey, Vazquez, Ester, Villaro, Elvira, Whelan, Patrick R., Xia, Zhenyuan, Yakimova, Rositza, Yang, Sheng, Yazdi, G. Reza, Yim, Chanyoung, Yoon, Duhee, Zhang, Xianghui, Zhuang, Xiaodong, Colombo, Luigi, Ferrari, Andrea C., and Garcia-Hernandez, Mar

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

2D Materials 7(2), 022001 (2020). doi:10.1088/2053-1583/ab1e0a, Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

46. Ultrafast Charge Transfer and Recombination Dynamics in Monolayer-Multilayer WSe 2 Junctions Revealed by Time-Resolved Photoemission Electron Microscopy.

Author

Xu C, Barden N, Alexeev EM, Wang X, Long R, Cadore AR, Paradisanos I, Ott AK, Soavi G, Tongay S, Cerullo G, Ferrari AC, Prezhdo OV, and Loh ZH

Abstract

The ultrafast carrier dynamics of junctions between two chemically identical, but electronically distinct, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) remains largely unknown. Here, we employ time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) to probe the ultrafast carrier dynamics of a monolayer-to-multilayer (1L-ML) WSe 2 junction. The TR-PEEM signals recorded for the individual components of the junction reveal the sub-ps carrier cooling dynamics of 1L- and 7L-WSe 2 , as well as few-ps exciton-exciton annihilation occurring on 1L-WSe 2 . We observe ultrafast interfacial hole (h) transfer from 1L- to 7L-WSe 2 on an ∼0.2 ps time scale. The resultant excess h density in 7L-WSe 2 decays by carrier recombination across the junction interface on an ∼100 ps time scale. Reminiscent of the behavior at a depletion region, the TR-PEEM image reveals the h density accumulation on the 7L-WSe 2 interface, with a decay length ∼0.60 ± 0.17 μm. These charge transfer and recombination dynamics are in agreement with ab initio quantum dynamics. The computed orbital densities reveal that charge transfer occurs from the basal plane, which extends over both 1L and ML regions, to the upper plane localized on the ML region. This mode of charge transfer is distinctive to chemically homogeneous junctions of layered materials and constitutes an additional carrier deactivation pathway that should be considered in studies of 1L-TMDs found alongside their ML, a common occurrence in exfoliated samples.

Published
2024
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47. Ultrafast Electronic Relaxation Dynamics of Atomically Thin MoS 2 Is Accelerated by Wrinkling.

Author

Xu C, Zhou G, Alexeev EM, Cadore AR, Paradisanos I, Ott AK, Soavi G, Tongay S, Cerullo G, Ferrari AC, Prezhdo OV, and Loh ZH

Abstract

Strain engineering is an attractive approach for tuning the local optoelectronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). While strain has been shown to affect the nanosecond carrier recombination dynamics of TMDs, its influence on the sub-picosecond electronic relaxation dynamics is still unexplored. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) and nonadiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics (NAMD) to investigate the ultrafast dynamics of wrinkled multilayer (ML) MoS 2 comprising 17 layers. Following 2.41 eV photoexcitation, electronic relaxation at the Γ valley occurs with a time constant of 97 ± 2 fs for wrinkled ML-MoS 2 and 120 ± 2 fs for flat ML-MoS 2 . NAMD shows that wrinkling permits larger amplitude motions of MoS 2 layers, relaxes electron-phonon coupling selection rules, perturbs chemical bonding, and increases the electronic density of states. As a result, the nonadiabatic coupling grows and electronic relaxation becomes faster compared to flat ML-MoS 2 . Our study suggests that the sub-picosecond electronic relaxation dynamics of TMDs is amenable to strain engineering and that applications which require long-lived hot carriers, such as hot-electron-driven light harvesting and photocatalysis, should employ wrinkle-free TMDs.

Published
2023
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48. Weak Distance Dependence of Hot-Electron-Transfer Rates at the Interface between Monolayer MoS 2 and Gold.

Author

Xu C, Yong HW, He J, Long R, Cadore AR, Paradisanos I, Ott AK, Soavi G, Tongay S, Cerullo G, Ferrari AC, Prezhdo OV, and Loh ZH

Abstract

Electron transport across the transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD)/metal interface plays an important role in determining the performance of TMD-based optoelectronic devices. However, the robustness of this process against structural heterogeneities remains unexplored, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) and atomic force microscopy to investigate the spatially resolved hot-electron-transfer dynamics at the monolayer (1L) MoS 2 /Au interface. A spatially heterogeneous distribution of 1L-MoS 2 /Au gap distances, along with the sub-80 nm spatial- and sub-60 fs temporal resolution of TR-PEEM, permits the simultaneous measurement of electron-transfer rates across a range of 1L-MoS 2 /Au distances. These decay exponentially as a function of distance, with an attenuation coefficient β ∼ 0.06 ± 0.01 Å -1 , comparable to molecular wires. Ab initio simulations suggest that surface plasmon-like states mediate hot-electron-transfer, hence accounting for its weak distance dependence. The weak distance dependence of the interfacial hot-electron-transfer rate indicates that this process is insensitive to distance fluctuations at the TMD/metal interface, thus motivating further exploration of optoelectronic devices based on hot carriers.

Published
2021
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49. Photocatalytic activity of exfoliated graphite-TiO 2 nanoparticle composites.

Author

Guidetti G, Pogna EAA, Lombardi L, Tomarchio F, Polishchuk I, Joosten RRM, Ianiro A, Soavi G, Sommerdijk NAJM, Friedrich H, Pokroy B, Ott AK, Goisis M, Zerbetto F, Falini G, Calvaresi M, Ferrari AC, Cerullo G, and Montalti M

Abstract

We investigate the photocatalytic performance of composites prepared in a one-step process by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite in the presence of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) at atmospheric pressure and in water, without heating or adding any surfactant, and starting from low-cost commercial reagents. These show enhanced photocatalytic activity, degrading up to 40% more pollutants with respect to the starting TiO 2 -NPs, in the case of a model dye target, and up to 70% more pollutants in the case of nitrogen oxides. In order to understand the photo-physical mechanisms underlying this enhancement, we investigate the photo-generation of reactive species (trapped holes and electrons) by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We observe an electron transfer process from TiO 2 to the graphite flakes within the first picoseconds of the relaxation dynamics, which causes the decrease of the charge recombination rate, and increases the efficiency of the reactive species photo-production.

Published
2019
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50. Synthesis and properties of (triptycenedicarboxylatio)zinc coordination networks.

Author

Vagin SI, Ott AK, Hoffmann SD, Lanzinger D, and Rieger B

Abstract

(Triptycenedicarboxylato)zinc metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on paddle wheel secondary building units (SBUs) with different axial ligands have been prepared. The reproducible formation of the layered paddle-wheel structures from triptycenedicarboxylic acid (H(2)TDC) and zinc nitrate under various conditions seems to be characteristic of this acid and is utilized for the construction of 3D frameworks by a pillaring approach. We attempted to bring additional functionalities into MOFs by employing the appropriate pillaring ligands, for example, bis(4-pyridyl)-s-tetrazine and bis(4-pyridyl)-dimethoxy-p-phenylenedivinylene, and investigated certain properties of some MOF materials, such as guest-exchange behavior, luminescence, microporosity, and stability.

Published
2009
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