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Aim: This study was aimed at examing the effect of mixture of Ocimum gratissimum extract and Vernonia amygdalina extract on lipid profile and hematological parameters of Wistar rats administered with cadmium. Methodology: Sixteen female rats were divided into four groups and designated as follows: Group 1-Control (Normal Saline,) Group 2-(Cadmium 10mg/kg bwt), Group 3 (Normal saline, leaf extract 200kg/kg bwt) Group 4 (Cadmium 10mg/kg bwt and leaf extract 200kg/kg bwt) and were treated for 28 days (4 weeks). Results: Exposure of rats to Cadmium alone (Group B) brought about significant increase in levels of Cholesterol, TAG and LDL with a decrease in HDL compared to control and rats maintained on plant extract alone (Group 3). However, treatment of Cd-exposed rats with mixture of the plant extracts (Group 4) significantly reduced Cholesterol, TAG and LDL with an increase in HDL compared to rats maintained on Cd alone (Group 2). The PCV and RBC of the rats administered with the cadmium showed a significant reduction when compared to the control group, whereas the WBC increased significantly (p< 0.05). The group administered with the leaf extract and a combination of the leaf extract and cadmium recorded an increased in the (PCV), (RBC) level of the Wistar rat and a reduction in the (WBC) level when compared to the group administered with cadmium. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that mixture of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina extracts have lipid lowering properties that may be advantageous to those with the problem of cadmium toxicity. The extracts were also found to be efficient in decreasing cholesterol, triacylglyceride, and low density lipoprotein levels, indicating that they have hypocholesterolaemic properties.

Humans have a strong link of exposure to aluminium nitrate [Al (NO3)3] toxicity from various sources. This study examined physicochemical properties and varied concentrations of bee honey (BH) in ameliorating aluminium (Al) toxicity. Thirty albino Wistar rats were used for this study. They were separated into six Groups of five rats each. Group 1 served as control, Group 2 was given Al (NO3)3 only, Group 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given Al (NO3)3 then treated with 10 %, 25 %, 50 % and 100 % BH daily for 2 weeks. Aluminium nitrate was administered at a dose of 6.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally. The physicochemical contents of BH were the same with international standard (IS). There were significant (p < 0.05) decreases in SOD, CAT, GSH and increased MDA level in the liver, kidney and brain of Group 2 when compared with Group 1. Treatment with 50 % BH significantly (p < 0.05) increased SOD, CAT, GSH and decreased MDA levels when compared with Group 2. No significant differences were indicated in CAT, SOD, GSH and MDA in the tissues of Group 3 and 6 in comparison with Group 2. However, liver histology of rats treated with 50 % BH revealed normal hepatic cells same as the control. This study strongly suggested that BH could restore altered antioxidant parameters and liver histology. In addition, BH at moderate intake it could be good alternative chelating agent for Al toxicity.

This study investigated the effects of Aspergillus niger CSA35 pretreated-cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) peel feed (CPFG) on the body weight gain and some selected biochemical parameters of pigs. Cassava peels treated with biomass of A. niger CSA35 for a period of three weeks to initiate enzymatic digestion of peels were dried, ground and used in varying proportions to formulate pig rations in combination with other feed ingredients. Twenty 85–95 days old pigs (5.85 ± 0.70 kg) were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Group 1 received 0% CPFG amidst other feed ingredients (control), while Groups 2, 3 and 4 received 40%, 60% and 100% CPFG respectively. At the end of the feeding trial (21 days), the animals were weighed and blood samples collected for biochemical analysis. Results showed that increasing the amount of the fungus-pretreated cassava peels in pig rations increased the protein, fat and carbohydrate contents of the experimental feeds. Conversely, the percentage fibre content was reduced. The weight gain of pigs fed the control diet was significantly (p

There is increase in combined ingestion of alcoholic beverages and energy drinks, but studies on their combined effects on tissue oxidative enzymes are limited. Hence, the present study examined the changes in tissue oxidative enzymes (aldehyde oxidase, AO, EC 1.2.3.1; xanthine oxidase, XO, EC 1.17.3.2; sulphite oxidase, SO, EC 1.8.3.1; and monoamine oxidase, MO, EC 1.4.3.4) in the liver, kidney, heart, brain and testes of rats exposed to red bull energy drink and ethanol. Twenty eight Wistar rats (190±5g) were used for the study. The animals were divided into four groups. Group 1 which was fed with only grower’s mash and water served as control. In addition to the normal dietand water rats in Group 2 receivedRed bull energy drink (3.5ml/kg body weight), while those in Group 3 received Ethanol (1.25g/kg body weight) by intubation. Rats in Group 4 received bothred bull and ethanol as in Groups 2 and 3.Consumption of red bull significantly (P