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Abstract Background Academic procrastination (AP), a common behavior among students, is influenced by factors such as fear of failure, task aversiveness, anxiety, and stress. Self-generated stress (SGS) refers to the subjective experience of tension that occurs in response to an existing situation. Individuals often overestimate the difficulty and attainability of a task, resulting in increased stress and extended stress duration. SGS can worsen mental and physical health problems, including bruxism. Therefore, this study investigates the possible underlying connections by examining the relationship between AP, SGS, and self-reported (SR) bruxism in medical and dental students. Methods The present cross-sectional study was undertaken among a sample of 379 students pursuing medical and dentistry degrees in Turkey. The questionnaire, including the Academic Procrastination Scale-Short Form, SR bruxism Scale, and SGS Scale, was administered to the students. According to the responses given to the SR bruxism Scale, 3 types of SR bruxism groups were created as sleep, awake, and compound. A comparative analysis was conducted on AP, SGS, and SR bruxism among medical and dental students. Furthermore, the associations among AP, SGS, and SR bruxism were assessed using the utilization of correlation tables and regression analysis. Results The prevalence of awake bruxism was higher among dental students (46.6%) compared to medical students (34.7%), suggesting a faculty-dependent trend. A significant positive correlation was observed between SGS and AP (r = 0.212, p

Abstract Aim Birth order, sibship size, breastfeeding, daycare attendance, and delivery method are known to influence the development of gut microbiota and the immune system, affecting the risk of many infectious diseases. This study aims to explore the impact of these factors, along with socioeconomic background and familial factors, on gingivitis and oral hygiene practices in early adulthood among the Turkish population. Materials and methods Patients were diagnosed using periodontal clinical and radiographic assessments, adhering to the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. The study included 18-year-old individuals diagnosed with either generalized gingivitis or clinical gingival health. Data collected included sociodemographic factors, birth order, sibship size, delivery methods, breastfeeding duration, daycare attendance, and oral hygiene behaviors. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the associations between these factors and the presence of generalized gingivitis. Results A total of 178 individuals were evaluated, including 124 with generalized gingivitis and 54 with clinical gingival health. Daycare attendance was significantly associated with gingival health. Among those with gingival health, 55.6% had attended daycare, whereas only 29% of participants with generalized gingivitis had attended daycare. Conversely, 71% of those with generalized gingivitis did not attend daycare, compared to 44.4% in the gingival health group (p = 0.001). Univariate logistic regression identified a significant association between daycare attendance and a reduced risk of generalized gingivitis (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.327, p = 0.001). Later birth order was associated with a reduced risk of gingivitis (OR = 0.470, p = 0.037). Sibship size, delivery methods, and breastfeeding duration showed no clear associations with gingivitis (p > 0.05). Conclusions The findings indicate a potential association between oral health status in adulthood and early childhood exposures, such as daycare attendance and birth order. Further research is necessary to confirm these associations and elucidate the mechanisms involved, even though these factors may contribute to gingival health in early adulthood. These insights may enhance our understanding of how early-life exposures relate to oral health outcomes and suggest that considering such factors could be beneficial in future oral health management strategies. Trial registration Trial registration is also available at clinicaltrail.gov. Clinical Trials-ID: NCT06240247. Registration Date: 22.01.2024.

In this study, an impeller and volute of a centrifugal pump were designed and numerically analyzed in order to improve the pump efficiency. Before design, experimental and theoretical studies were performed on a centrifugal water pump taken as Model Pump (MP). Design parameters were taken as 100 m3/h for volume flow rate, 18m for head and 1480 rpm for rotating speed. After the inspection of the flow field in the MP, some geometrical modifications such as impeller inlet and outlet diameters, blade inlet and exit angles, blade wrap angle, blade thickness, blade inletand exit widthswere realized to design a new pump. Numerical analyses were performed for 8 different volume flow rates overlapping with experimental operation points by Ansys-Fluent Software. In numerical studies, k-ε turbulence model and standard wall function were utilized. The experimental and computational results were compared with the model pump. According to the analysis results at design flow rate, hydraulic torque value is decreased from 56.62 Nm to 51.05 Nm, while hydraulic efficiency is increased from 55.98% to 63.09%. In addition, in order to see the roughness effect and increase the pump efficiency, the wetted surfaces of the impeller and volute were coated with a polyurethane dye material. Later, performance curves of the coated and uncoated pumps were experimentally obtained which showed that the shaft power of the pump for the coated case was decreased around 10% and the hydraulic efficiency of the pump was increased approximately 18%. According to the economic analysis by basic payback period of the polyurethane coating is less than one year and the internal income ratio for ten-year life-cycle period is around %114.