Search

Objectives: A positive association between levels of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), an index of vitamin D status, and physical balance has been reported from cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal studies are rare. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that low serum 25(OH)D levels are longitudinally associated with impaired postural sway over a 6-year follow-up period in older women. Methods: The present cohort consisted of 392 community-dwelling Japanese women aged ≥69 years. Baseline examinations included serum 25(OH)D and physical performance tests, including postural sway velocity. Standing postural sway was evaluated by measuring gravity-center sway velocity. Follow-up physical performance tests were conducted 6 years later. Results: Mean subject age and serum 25(OH)D levels were 73.3 years (SD 3.7) and 61.0 nmol/L (SD 16.9), respectively. No significant association was found between 25(OH)D levels and changes in postural sway velocity (adjusted P for trend=0.72). Women with 25(OH)D

Additional file 1: Table 1. Odds ratios for recurrent falls according to four levels of each physical activity stratified by sex. Table 2. Odds ratios for recurrent falls according to four levels of each physical activity stratified by age group. Table 3. Odds ratios for recurrent falls according to levels of leisure-time PA by non-leisure-time PA subgroup. Table 4. Odds ratios for recurrent falls according to intensity-based levels of leisure-time physical activity.

application/pdf, 論文(Article), This study aimed to clarify the self-directed learning activities of students in preparation for the OSCE, while examining the influences of such an examination on all students’ recognition of learning. A questionnaire survey was conducted, involving students who took the OSCE. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions; the first one regarded , followed by those regarding cognitive domain, aff ective domain, psychomotor domain, and self-effi cacy. Based on responses to the first question, students who were not sufficiently performing selfdirected learning activities were identifi ed at the beginning, and, focusing on changes in their self-directedness, they were classifi ed into the following 2 groups at the end of the OSCE preparatory period: those who maintained a passive attitude; and those whose selfdirectedness was enhanced. At the beginning of the period, 48.1% of all students recognized that they were not sufficiently performing self-directed learning activities. While self-directedness was subsequently enhanced in the majority of such students, 16.2% （7.8% of all students） maintained a passive attitude until the end. On comparison between the beginning and end of the period, the recognition of learning was signifi cantly enhanced in all questions in all those whose self-directedness increased during the period. In contrast, in those who maintained a passive attitude toward learning, such improvement was observed for 4 questions, excluding the . Furthermore, in all students who took the OSCE, a significant enhancement of recognition was observed for all questions regarding the knowledge and skills necessary for clinical training at the end of the period., 本研究の目的は、OSCEの実施準備期間に学習活動の主体性が低い学生に着目しその傾向を把握することと、OSCEの実施が受講学生全体の学習自覚にどう影響しているかについて明らかにすることである。対象と方法は、OSCEを受講した77名の学生に対するアンケート調査とした。質問は15項目で、最初に主体的な学習活動の自覚を質問し、以降、「認知領域」「情意領域」「精神運動領域」に関する項目と自己効力感について質問した。また、全対象学生から学習活動の主体性が低い学生に対象を絞り、さらに、終了時まで主体性が低く留まった学生と終了時には主体性が上昇した学生に分け、分析対象とした。開始時に主体性が低いと自覚していた学生は全体の48.1％であり、そのうちの多くは終了時に主体性が上昇したが、16.2％（全体の7.8％）の学生は継続して主体性が低く留まった。それぞれの学生の学習期間の開始時と終了時の比較では、主体性が上昇した学生は全ての項目で有意に自覚の上昇が認められ、主体性が低く留まった学生では「主体的な学習活動の自覚」を除き4 項目で有意に自覚の上昇が認められた。また、OSCE受講全学生における学習期間前後の比較では、臨床実習に必要な知識や技術を反映する項目の全てにおいて有意に自覚の上昇が認められた。

application/pdf, 論文(Article), 理学療法がリハビリテーション医学の中に治療手段として位置づけられ、理学療法士が専門職として実力が認められるに至るにはその国々特有の歴史がある。専門職としての理学療法士の地位を確立するために重要な役割を担っているのが理学療法士の養成と養成学校卒業後の生涯教育である。理学療法士の養成は米国が世界をリードし、日本の養成の歴史は米国のそれと比して半世紀以上の遅れがある。日本は近年やっと大学や大学院が開設され、高度専門職業人の教育制度が整備されつつある。日本の理学療法士養成の教育と生涯学習システムを紹介し、専門職養成の現状と問題点について解説する。また、新潟医療福祉大学医療技術学部理学療法学科で行われている教育内容と取り組みについても報告する。

application/pdf, 論文(Article), 低出生体重児の養育者である母親が、低出生体重児の持つ生活上の問題や状態をどのように認知し、母親の心理的側面に影響を与えているかに着目した。Lazarus のストレス認知理論の概念枠組みを参考にし、ストレス認知→ストレス反応→QOLの仮説を導きだした。ストレス認知については育児負担感、ストレス反応はバーンアウト、そしてQOLは心理的QOLを測定尺度として採用し、共分散構造分析によって因果関係を検証した。データ分析の結果、低出生体重児を育児している母親の心理的QOLは、育児負担感の「活動制限の認知」から直接的に、あるいは、バーンアウトの「情緒的疲弊」を経由して間接的に負の影響を受け、同時に育児負担感の「否定的感情の認知」からバーンアウトの「情緒的疲弊」を経由して間接的に負の影響を受けることが実証された。, The purpose is to make clear whether to influence a side concerning mother 's mental subjectivity in life which the mother who is the low birth weight infant's main caregiver has a low birth weight infant to and condition were recognized how. We find the hypothesis of the stress recognition→stress reaction→QOL referring to the stress recognition theory of Lazarus. It was verified by the co-variance structure analysis with a measurement measure as the stress recognition for a feeling of the child care burden, the stress reaction for burn out and QOL for mental QOL. The mental QOL of the mother who cares a low birth weight infant is influenced directly from the recognition of the activities limitation, of a feeling of the child care burden, the negative influence is taken indirectly from the emotional exhaustion of burn out from the recognition of the negative emotion of a feeling of the child care burden at the same time as a result of the data analysis. It was proved that the negative influence was taken indirectly through the emotional exhaustion.

application/pdf, 論文(Article), 転倒予防教室に参加した高齢女性の運動機能測定データから、各評価指標の加齢に応じた変化を明らかにすることを研究目的とした。平成14年2月から平成15年3月までに新潟県内7市町村で実施した教室に参加した、60歳以上85歳未満の女性136人を対象とした。 10m全力歩行速度、最大一歩幅、膝伸展筋力などについて、各指標と年齢との間で相関係数の検定と単回帰分析を行った。さらに指標間の関連を調べた。結果として、全指標で加齢に応じて低下の傾向が見られた。 60歳以降1歳の加齢毎に、歩行速度は1.4(m/分)遅くなり、一歩幅は1.1(cm)短くなり、一歩幅・下肢長比は1.3(%)低下し、筋力は0.85(N・m)低下することが予測できると考えた。先行する研究と比較して相関は弱かった。, The purpose of this study is to estimate the acre-related changes in measures of physical performance in older women. We analyzed the baseline data of participants in fall prevention programmes held at seven communities in Niigata Prefecture since February 2002 to March 2003. A total of 136 community-dwelling women, aged 60-84 were our subjects. The physical performance were evaluated using tests of the maximum walking speed over 10 meters and the maximum width of a step (actual distance and the rate when corrected for leg length). The knee extensor strength was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer. Results showed significant correlations between age and each evaluation item. The slope of the regression line for the each item against age was - 1.4 for the walking speed (m/min),-1.1 for the actual width (cm), -1.3 for the width/leg-length rate (%) and - 0.85 for the strength (N・m).The correlations were lower than earlier studies.

application/pdf, 論文(Article), 転倒予防外来修了者22名の背景や身体特性、日常生活における活動度、運動機能の変化を分析した。彼らの中には、身の回りのことは自立しながらも転倒に対する不安を持っていたり、各種疾患を持ち可能運動強度が低いといった特徴を持つ者も多く、それらを考慮したプログラム作りが必要である。活動度には個人差があり、それに応じた目標設定が必要である。運動機能では10m全力歩行時間と最大一歩幅、Berg Balance Testの各評価項目で改善が見られたが、特に後期高齢者ほど介入効果があったことが示唆された。, Changes in motor functions, daily activity level, physical characteristics and backgrounds of twenty-two elderly people who completed the hospital-based falls prevention program were analyzed. There were some people who could narrowly take care of themselves under some fear of falls, who were suffering from various kinds of diseases and/or whose exercise tolerance level had been declined. In consideration of such weaknesses the falls prevention program should be applied to them. There were the differences in the daily activity level among individuals. Their goals should be set based on each initial level. Results showed significant improvements in the following outcome measures: 10-meter walking time, maximum width of a step and Berg Balance Test. Positive effects of the interventions were suggested especially in those elderly people aged 75 and over.

application/pdf, 論文(Article), 出生体重や在胎期間などの出生時の条件や子どもの数、母親の学歴などの生育環境が、小学校就学時IQの規定因子になりうるのかについて検討した。対象は、平成5年12月から平成8年7月に、新潟市民病院新生児医療センターで出生、または搬送入院して生存退院し、小学校就学時にIQ検査が施行できた極低出生体重児91名である。方法は、就学時IQと出生時の条件や生育環境に関する項目についてT検定を行って統計的有意差を判定し、考察を加えた。その結果出生体重1,000g未満と在胎週数28週未満という条件が小学校就学時におけるIQの規定因子となった。しかし、生育環境との検定では有意差は認められなかった。そこで、出生時の条件を出生体重l,000g未満に限定した場合、生育環境の「子どもの数」「母親の学歴」が規定因子という結果を得た。, We have studied the environmental condition during child, such as the number of children and mother's educational background, for who born with low birth weight could influence their IQ at an elementary school admission. Ninety one children born in or transferred to the neonatal care center of Niigata city general hospital with less than 1,500 gm. between 1993 and 1998 were subjected to this study. Their IQ was measured at admission to elementary school and the relationship between the condition at their birth and the environment during their growth and development were investigated through t test and/or less than 28 weeks of fetus period was a regulatory factor towards IQ at the age of admission to elementary school.

application/pdf, 論文(Article)

application/pdf, 論文(Article)

application/pdf, 論文(Article)