Search

Solution pipes are an important geomorphological feature in carbonate rocks formed by the host rock’s dissolution due to water’s focused flow, indicating the phenomena of water focusing in particular areas. However, their visual exposures are often limited by sediment and vegetation cover, making it challenging to understand their spatial distribution and morphology. In this study, we used geophysical methods such as ground penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic gradiometer to detect and estimate the spatial distribution of solution pipes in a freshly exposed quarry site in Smerdyna, Poland. Our results indicate that both GPR and magnetometric measurements effectively detect most of the solution pipes, particularly those filled with large amounts of clay and silt particles. The GPR method, in particular, proved to be convenient due to the high contrast of the dielectric constant. The information on the positions and shapes of the pipes obtained based on these methods is crucial in understanding the link between pipe morphology and the physical conditions at the time of their formation. Furthermore, our measurements provided quasi-spatial correlations between pipe positions, the distribution of inter-pipe distances, and the potential relationship between alignments of rock joints and pipe locations. Our study demonstrates the potential of geophysical methods in detecting and understanding solution pipes, which are essential from environmental and climatic perspectives. This information can be used for future studies on pipe formation and environmental impact.

Technologies and scientific progress are of major importance in monitoring cultural heritage (CH). Studies of CH preservation play a crucial role in understanding human history, inheriting splendid nations' cultures, and safeguarding cultural diversity. The scientific community and the countries must lead a battle to maintain and preserve CH. The possibilities in the search for underground objects (using non-invasive methods) that have been forgotten are presented. This article presents the results of research conducted in the area of the Citadel in Lviv (Ukraine) and an execution site of the Second World War (Kazimierz Biskupi, Poland). This research makes it possible to highlight the problem of researching to find and adequately commemorate objects and events that are essential elements of the CH of Ukraine and Poland. The proposed non-invasive methods allow the designation of protection zones of historical and cultural significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long-period magnetotelluric soundings were carried out in the eastern part of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline in central Europe to determine the deep geoelectrical structure. It is an important area in the contact zone of the Palaeozoic terranes of Western Europe and the Proterozoic East European Craton. The research area includes the Dolsk fault zone and the Odra fault zone, which are essential geological boundaries of a regional nature separating crustal blocks of various origins. There were conducted 51 soundings on the quasi-regular mesh 150 km in SE and 225 km in NE. The research region is highly urbanized, and hence some of the data were strongly disturbed. Careful processing of data was required, and sometimes measurements had to be repeated at other locations. The collected data allow constructing 3-D models of the electrical conductivity distribution. A parallel version of the ModEM 3-D inversion code was used for modelling. The information contained in each used transfer function was also examined by performing a separate inversion of these functions. The obtained resistivity distribution models confirm the Dolsk and Odra faults' location as postulated previously by geologists. They also show that these very deep faults are reaching the lower crust. However, they do not clearly state how far the contemporary lowering of the Baltica reaches under cover of younger Palaeozoic sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]