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172 results on '"Orusa, Riccardo"'

8. Characterisation of Yersinia enterocolitica strains isolated from wildlife in the northwestern Italian Alps

Author

Carella Emanuele, Romano Angelo, Domenis Lorenzo, Robetto Serena, Spedicato Raffaella, Guidetti Cristina, Pitti Monica, and Orusa Riccardo

Subjects
yersinia enterocolitica, wildlife, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Yersiniosis is a zoonosis causing gastroenteritis, diarrhoea, and occasionally reactive arthritis and septicaemia. Cases are often linked to meat consumption and the most common aetiological agent is the Gram-negative bacilliform Yersinia enterocolitica bacterium. The occurrence of Yersinia spp. among wild animals has mostly been studied in wild boar, but it has seldom been in other species.

Published
2022
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9. Causes of Admission, Mortality and Pathological Findings in European Hedgehogs: Reports from Two University Centers in Italy and Switzerland.

Author

Prandi, Ilaria, Dervas, Eva, Colombino, Elena, Bonaffini, Giuseppe, Zanet, Stefania, Orusa, Riccardo, Robetto, Serena, Vacchetta, Massimo, Mauthe von Degerfeld, Mitzy, Quaranta, Giuseppe, Hetzel, Udo, and Capucchio, Maria Teresa

Subjects
HEDGEHOGS, WILDLIFE rescue, AUTOPSY, MORTALITY, VETERINARY pathology
Abstract

Simple Summary: A decline in European hedgehog populations has been reported in several European countries over the past years. Human activities, along with global warming and infectious diseases, appear to be the main drivers of this phenomenon. The present study aimed to determine the major causes of mortality and the main pathological findings in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) submitted to postmortem examination at two institutes of veterinary pathology, one located in Italy (Piedmont region) and one in Switzerland (Canton of Zurich). Hedgehogs were found in affected health status in the wild, mostly due to traumatic injury, poor overall condition and respiratory, gastrointestinal or neurological signs. The primary causes of death identified were infectious diseases and traumatic insults. The lungs were the most commonly affected organ, mainly displaying pneumonia, which was significantly associated with the presence of nematodes. These findings should be held in mind when treating the species presented to wildlife rescue centers and highlight the importance of proper education of the public on how to coexist and interact with hedgehog populations inhabiting urban areas. European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) are nocturnal insectivores frequently found in urban areas. In the last decades, their population has declined in various European countries and human activities have emerged as significant contributors to this trend. While the literature has mainly focused on trauma as the major cause of mortality, few authors have considered pathological findings. The present study is based on the results of full post-mortem examinations performed on 162 European hedgehogs in Italy and 109 in Switzerland. Unlike in previous studies, the main cause of mortality was infectious diseases (60.5%), followed by traumatic insults (27.7%). The lungs were the main organ affected, showing mostly lymphoplasmacytic (45.9%), granulomatous (18.1%) or suppurative (8.2%) pneumonia. Nematodes were detected in 57.2% of all lungs and were significantly associated with pneumonia (p-value < 0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first study to report infectious diseases as the main cause of hedgehog death, emphasizing the need for wildlife rescue centers to adopt appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Further research is necessary to determine the broad range of infectious agents that affect this species and elucidate their interplay with the host. Finally, citizen sensitization should be implemented to promote responsible behaviors that could reduce human-related traumatic events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. 137Cesium (137Cs) assessment in wild boars from northwestern Italy.

Author

Pattono, Daniele, Mannelli, Alessandro, Dalmasso, Alessandra, Orusa, Riccardo, Faure Ragani, Massimo, and Bottero, Maria Teresa

Subjects
WILD boar, GERMANIUM radiation detectors, ALPINE regions, ANIMAL populations, NUCLEAR power plants
Abstract

Radionuclide contamination is a serious health issue caused by nuclear experiments and plant accidents, as seen for the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear plants. Italy has been especially interested in northwestern alpine regions, as have several other nations. The aim of this work was to indagate 134Cs and 137Cs contamination in wild boars, which were considered bioindicators sampled in the Chisone/Germanasca Valley and the Pellice Valley districts (Piedmont, Italy) in two hunting seasons (2014 and 2016). In the 2014 season, only the livers of the animals (n = 48) were sampled, whereas in 2016, five different anatomical sampling sites were sampled for each animal (n = 16). The analyses were conducted in an accredited laboratory (Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente–ARPA) by the aid of an HPGe detector (Ortec) with a relative efficiency of 50%. In general, the contamination levels registered in 2014 were under the detection limit for 134Cs and low for 137Cs (Chisone/Germanasca valley: min: 0.0, max: 23.9 median 11.0 Bq/kg vs Pellice valley: min 0, max: 31.7, median: 9.6 Bq/kg) and no health concern can be supposed. In the first-year samples, the liver showed a negative correlation between age and contamination level. In the second year of sampling, low levels were confirmed (min: 3.1 Bq/kg, max: 113.3; median 17.7 Bq/kg). Multiple sampling from the same animal showed that the diaphragm (median = 27.7 Bq/kg) kidney (27.4) and tongue (27.6) were more contaminated than the liver (17.7) and spleen (15.3). Moreover, a linear mixed model revealed a negative organ-by-age interaction, meaning that interorgan differences in contamination level were greater in younger (5–11 months) than in older (18–36 months) animals. Different feeding habits can be the explanation. Our paper shows that muscle sites (diaphragm and tongue) can be useful for radionuclide pollution surveillance in wild boar populations and that younger animals show more interorgan variability in contamination levels than older animals. More investigations are needed to confirm this correlation and to fulfill the request for more data to achieve better risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Molecular Surveillance for Bocaparvoviruses and Bufaviruses in the European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus)

Author

Sarchese, Vittorio, primary, Palombieri, Andrea, additional, Prandi, Ilaria, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Bertolotti, Luigi, additional, Capucchio, Maria Teresa, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Mauthe von Degerfeld, Mitzy, additional, Quaranta, Giuseppe, additional, Vacchetta, Massimo, additional, Martella, Vito, additional, Di Martino, Barbara, additional, and Di Profio, Federica, additional

Published
2024
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16. One health surveillance strategy for coronaviruses in Italian wildlife

Author

Leopardi, Stefania, primary, Desiato, Rosanna, additional, Mazzucato, Matteo, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Obber, Federica, additional, Averaimo, Daniela, additional, Berjaoui, Shadia, additional, Canziani, Sabrina, additional, Capucchio, Maria Teresa, additional, Conti, Raffaella, additional, di Bella, Santina, additional, Festa, Francesca, additional, Garofalo, Luisa, additional, Lelli, Davide, additional, Madrau, Maria Paola, additional, Mandola, Maria Lucia, additional, Moreno Martin, Ana Maria, additional, Peletto, Simone, additional, Pirani, Silvia, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Torresi, Claudia, additional, Varotto, Maria, additional, Citterio, Carlo, additional, and Terregino, Calogero, additional

Published
2023
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19. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Kynurenine Pathway, and Lipid-Profiling Alterations as Potential Animal Welfare Indicators in Dairy Cattle

Author

Favole, Alessandra, primary, Testori, Camilla, additional, Bergagna, Stefania, additional, Gennero, Maria Silvia, additional, Ingravalle, Francesco, additional, Costa, Barbara, additional, Barresi, Sara, additional, Curti, Piercarlo, additional, Barberis, Francesco, additional, Ganio, Sandra, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Vallino Costassa, Elena, additional, Berrone, Elena, additional, Vernè, Marco, additional, Scaglia, Massimo, additional, Palmitessa, Claudia, additional, Gallo, Marina, additional, Tessarolo, Carlotta, additional, Pederiva, Sabina, additional, Ferrari, Alessio, additional, Lorenzi, Valentina, additional, Fusi, Francesca, additional, Brunelli, Laura, additional, Pastorelli, Roberta, additional, Cagnotti, Giulia, additional, Casalone, Cristina, additional, Caramelli, Maria, additional, and Corona, Cristiano, additional

Published
2023
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29. Canine Circovirus in Foxes from Northern Italy: Where Did It All Begin?

Author

Franzo, Giovanni, primary, Menandro, Maria Luisa, additional, Tucciarone, Claudia Maria, additional, Barbierato, Giacomo, additional, Crovato, Lorenzo, additional, Mondin, Alessandra, additional, Libanora, Martina, additional, Obber, Federica, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Citterio, Carlo, additional, and Grassi, Laura, additional

Published
2021
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34. The diagnostic activity on wild animals through the description of a model case report (caseous lymphadenitis by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis associated with Pasteurella spp and parasites infection in an alpine ibex – Capra ibex)

Author

Domenis, Lorenzo, Spedicato, Raffaella, Orusa, Riccardo, Goria, Maria, Sant, Serena, Guidetti, Cristina, and Robetto, Serena

Subjects
Capra ibex, Caseous lymphadenitis, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Capra ibex, Pasteurella multocida, QL1-991, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, animal diseases, Caseous lymphadenitis, Case Report, respiratory system, bacterial infections and mycoses, Zoology, Mannheimia haemolytica
Abstract

The diagnostic activity on wild animals implies a hard laboratory protocol where multiple disciplines, from biology to pathological anatomy until the biotechnological techniques, must be integrated to establish the causes of death. To demonstrate these concepts, the analytical approach adopted for an alpine ibex (Capra ibex) found dead in a mountain area of North Western Italy was described. The animal showed sub-costal and lymph nodes collections of green-yellow pus, fibrinous pleuropneumonia and catarrhal-hemorrhagic enteritis. Purulent process was ascribed to Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis or pseudotuberculosis, pleuropneumonia to Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica and enteritis to Mannheimia haemolytica. Parasitic bronchopneumonia in the caudal lobes of the lung, a severe enteric infestation by gastro-intestinal and pulmonary strongyles and coccidia were found. The cause of death in the studied ibex appeared to be a consequence of an association between various pathological processes, with bacteriological and parasitic etiology.Keywords: Capra ibex, Caseous lymphadenitis, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida

Published
2017

38. Additional file 1: of Serological survey in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Switzerland and other European countries: Sarcoptes scabiei may be more widely distributed than previously thought

Author

Haas, Chloé, Origgi, Francesco, Rossi, Sophie, López-Olvera, Jorge, Rossi, Luca, Castillo-Contreras, Raquel, Malmsten, Anna, Dalin, Anne-Marie, Orusa, Riccardo, Robetto, Serena, Pignata, Luciano, Lavín, Santiago, and Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre

Abstract

Sample composition and sampling periods for each study area. Sample size is given as total per study area and according to sex and age (J = juvenile, S = subadult, A = adult and Un = unknown) of the sampled wild boar. (DOCX 21 kb)

Published
2018
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39. CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS AS AN EMERGING MULTIHOST PATHOGEN IN WILD CARNIVORES IN NORTHWEST ITALY

Author

Blasio, Alessia Di, primary, Irico, Lara, additional, Caruso, Claudio, additional, Miceli, Ilaria, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Peletto, Simone, additional, Varello, Katia, additional, Giorda, Federica, additional, Mignone, Walter, additional, Rubinetti, Francesca, additional, Iulini, Barbara, additional, Bozzetta, Elena, additional, Acutis, PierLuigi, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Goria, Maria, additional, Masoero, Loretta, additional, and Dondo, Alessandro, additional

Published
2019
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41. Rare earth elements in marine and terrestrial matrices of Northwestern Italy: Implications for food safety and human health

Author

Squadrone, Stefania, primary, Brizio, Paola, additional, Stella, Caterina, additional, Mantia, Martino, additional, Battuello, Marco, additional, Nurra, Nicola, additional, Sartor, Rocco Mussat, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Brusa, Fulvio, additional, Mogliotti, Paola, additional, Garrone, Annalisa, additional, and Abete, Maria Cesarina, additional

Published
2019
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43. Coronavirus and paramyxovirus in bats from Northwest Italy

Author

Rizzo, Francesca, primary, Edenborough, Kathryn M., additional, Toffoli, Roberto, additional, Culasso, Paola, additional, Zoppi, Simona, additional, Dondo, Alessandro, additional, Robetto, Serena, additional, Rosati, Sergio, additional, Lander, Angelika, additional, Kurth, Andreas, additional, Orusa, Riccardo, additional, Bertolotti, Luigi, additional, and Mandola, Maria Lucia, additional

Published
2017
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45. Harmonizing methods for wildlife abundance estimation and pathogen detection in Europe—a questionnaire survey on three selected host-pathogen combinations

Author

Sonnenburg, Jana, Ryser Degiorgis, Marie Pierre, Kuiken, Thijs, Ferroglio, Ezio, Ulrich, Rainer G., Conraths, Franz J., Gortázar, Christian, Staubach, Christoph, Acevedo, Pelayo, Millán, Javier, Marco, Ignasi, Prado, Marcos Miñarro, Ruiz Fons, Francisco, Agreiter, Andreas, Cadamuro, Andrea, Calabrese, Maria S., Capelli, Gioia, Casulli, Adriano, Cetto, Ermanno, Chiari, Mario, Lavazza, Antonio, Orusa, Riccardo, Sommavilla, Gianmaria, Zamboni, Umberto, Bajer, Anna, Lipowski, Andrzej, Barlow, Alex, Learmount, Jane, Duff, J. Paul, Billinis, Charalambos, Boue, Franck, Hars, Jean, Rossi, Sophie, de Carvalho, Isabel Lopes, Núncio, Sofia, Dekkers, Leo J. M., Maas, Miriam, Deplazes, Peter, Meier, Roman, Glawischnig, Walter, Steinrigl, Adolf, Golovljova, Irina, Grunow, Roland, Jacob, Jens, Romig, Thomas, Tomaso, Herbert, Isomursu, Marja, Korro, Marja Kastriot, Linden, Annick, Morozov, Viacheslav, Stanko, Michal, Turcinaviciene, Jurga, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), University of Bern, Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Laboratoire de la rage et de la faune sauvage de Nancy (LRFSN), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Funding was provided by the EMIDA ERA-NET project APHAEA (grant no. 2811ERA117)., European Project: 219235,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2007-RTD,EMIDA(2008), Virology, European Commission, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), and Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Swine, Sus scrofa, Foxes, Disease, Wildlife, Diagnostic methods, 01 natural sciences, 0403 veterinary science, Surveys and Questionnaires, Francisella tularensis, Tularemia, Suid, 2. Zero hunger, Swine Diseases, Abundance estimation, biology, 630 Agriculture, Ecology, Arvicolinae, Questionnaire, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Herpesvirus 1, Suid, Europe, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary (all), Research Article, Pathogen detection, 040301 veterinary sciences, Harmonization, 010603 evolutionary biology, Wild boar, Echinococcosis, Environmental health, biology.animal, Animals, Animal abundance, Infecções Sistémicas e Zoonoses, Data source, Population Density, Pseudorabies, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, Herpesvirus 1, 15. Life on land, veterinary(all), Echinococcus multilocularis, 570 Life sciences, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

APHAEA project partners., [Background]: The need for wildlife health surveillance as part of disease control in wildlife, domestic animals and humans on the global level is widely recognized. However, the objectives, methods and intensity of existing wildlife health surveillance programs vary greatly among European countries, resulting in a patchwork of data that are difficult to merge and compare. This survey aimed at evaluating the need and potential for data harmonization in wildlife health in Europe. The specific objective was to collect information on methods currently used to estimate host abundance and pathogen prevalence. Questionnaires were designed to gather detailed information for three host-pathogen combinations: (1) wild boar and Aujeszky's disease virus, (2) red fox and Echinococcus multilocularis, and (3) common vole and Francisella tularensis. [Results]: We received a total of 70 responses from 19 European countries. Regarding host abundance, hunting bags are currently the most widely accessible data source for widely distributed mid-sized and larger mammals such as red fox and wild boar, but we observed large differences in hunting strategies among countries as well as among different regions within countries. For small rodents, trapping is the method of choice, but practical applications vary among study sites. Laboratory procedures are already largely harmonized but information on the sampled animals is not systematically collected. [Conclusions]: The answers revealed that a large amount of information is available for the selected host-pathogen pairs and that in theory methods are already largely harmonized. However, the comparability of the data remains strongly compromised by local differences in the way, the methods are applied in practice. While these issues may easily be overcome for prevalence estimation, there is an urgent need to develop tools for the routine collection of host abundance data in a harmonized way. Wildlife health experts are encouraged to apply the harmonized APHAEA protocols in epidemiological studies in wildlife and to increase cooperation., Funding was provided by the EMIDA ERA-NET project APHAEA (grant no. 2811ERA117).

Published
2016

46. First report ofTrichinella britovi infection in the wild boar of Aosta Valley

Author

Orusa Riccardo, Peracino Vittorio, Domenis Lorenzo, and Banchi Cristina

Subjects
endocrine system, Ecology, biology, urogenital system, Zoology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, Animal science, Trichinella britovi, Wild boar, biology.animal, Animal Science and Zoology, Sylvatic cycle, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Wild boars play a role asTrichinella reservoir in the sylvatic cycle and may pose a risk for the consumer. Therefore, all wild boars intended for human consumption must be examined forTrichinella muscle larvae according to EU legislation. Apart from prescribed meat inspection epidemiological studies are performed for identification ofTrichinella isolates in this omnivorous species and for its interaction to other sylvatic and domestic animals. In this paper, we describe the first report ofTrichinella (T.) britovi infection in the wild boar of Aosta valley.

Published
2002

47. First molecular identification of kobuviruses in wolves (<italic>Canis lupus</italic>) in Italy.

Author

Melegari, Irene, Sarchese, Vittorio, Di Profio, Federica, Robetto, Serena, Carella, Emanuele, Bermudez Sanchez, Sandra, Orusa, Riccardo, Martella, Vito, Marsilio, Fulvio, and Di Martino, Barbara

Subjects
PATHOGENIC viruses, WOLVES, VIRAL genetics, DISEASE susceptibility, DISEASES
Abstract

Canine kobuviruses (CaKoVs) were first identified in diarrhoeic and asymptomatic dogs in 2011 in the USA. Subsequent studies have demonstrated a worldwide distribution of these viruses, but it is not clear if CaKoVs play a role as enteric pathogens of dogs. More recently, CaKoV RNA has been detected in wild carnivores, including red fox, golden jackal, side-striped jackal and spotted hyena. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that wolves are susceptible to CaKoV infections. A total of 185 wolf stool samples were collected from necropsied animals and from transects in the Liguria, Piemonte and Valle D’Aosta regions of Italy, and CaKoV RNA was identified in two of these specimens. Both samples were obtained from necropsied wolves, with a prevalence rate of 4.9% (2/41). Sequence analysis of the full-length VP1 region showed that these strains displayed the highest nucleotide (nt) sequence identity (86.3-98.5%) to canine strains identified in the UK and Africa, and to kobuviruses that were previously detected in other African wild carnivores. This suggests that genetically related CaKoV strains circulate in domestic and wild carnivores, with interspecies transmission being not uncommon among carnivores of different ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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48. Epidemiological survey for visna-maedi among sheep in northern prefectures of Japan

Author

Giangaspero, Massimo, Osawa, Takeshi, Orusa, Riccardo, Jean-Pierre Frossard, Naidu, Brindha, Robetto, Serena, Tatami, Shingo, Takagi, Eishu, Moriya, Hiroaki, Okura, Norimoto, Kato, Kazuo, Kimura, Atsushi, and Harasawa, Ryo

Subjects
lcsh:Veterinary medicine, Sheep, Japan, Visna-maedi virus, Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep, Seroepidemiologic Studies, lcsh:SF600-1100, Animals, lcsh:Animal culture, Antibodies, Viral, Visna-maedi, Virus, lcsh:SF1-1100
Abstract

Ovine sera collected from the northern Prefectures of Hokkaido, Iwate and Aomori in Japan, were examined for the presence of antibodies against visna-maedi virus using the agar gel immunodiffusion test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Three animals (1.12%), out of 267 samples tested, were found to be seropositive to the visna-maedi antigens in both tests. Levels of infection were found in flocks from Hokkaido and Iwate Prefectures, but not in the Aomori Prefecture. Nucleic acid detection by polymerase chain reaction on serum samples did not give positive results. Although no diagnostic measures were in place, the infection could not be related to losses in sheep production or to reduced survival rates. The very limited visna-maedi distribution indicates a highly favourable condition for the application of eradication strategies in this area.

Published
2011

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