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6. Long-term mental health impact of COVID-19 on primary care health workers in northern Spain: Results from a two-phase longitudinal study

Author

Viejo Casas, Ana, Gómez-Revuelta, Marcos, Merino Garay, Urko, Ruiz Guerrero, Francisco, Ruiz Núñez, Mario, Fernández Solla, Patricia, Garrastazu López, Roberto, López Caro, Juan Carlos, García Rumayor, Elsa, Boada Antón, Laura, Juncal Ruiz, María, Ortiz-García de la Foz, Víctor, and Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier

Published
2023
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7. 10Kin1day: A Bottom-Up Neuroimaging Initiative.

Author

van den Heuvel, Martijn P, Scholtens, Lianne H, van der Burgh, Hannelore K, Agosta, Federica, Alloza, Clara, Arango, Celso, Auyeung, Bonnie, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Basaia, Silvia, Benders, Manon JNL, Beyer, Frauke, Booij, Linda, Braun, Kees PJ, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Cahn, Wiepke, Cannon, Dara M, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M, Chan, Sandra SM, Chen, Eric YH, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crone, Eveline A, Dannlowski, Udo, de Zwarte, Sonja MC, Dietsche, Bruno, Donohoe, Gary, Plessis, Stefan Du, Durston, Sarah, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Díaz-Zuluaga, Ana M, Emsley, Robin, Filippi, Massimo, Frodl, Thomas, Gorges, Martin, Graff, Beata, Grotegerd, Dominik, Gąsecki, Dariusz, Hall, Julie M, Holleran, Laurena, Holt, Rosemary, Hopman, Helene J, Jansen, Andreas, Janssen, Joost, Jodzio, Krzysztof, Jäncke, Lutz, Kaleda, Vasiliy G, Kassubek, Jan, Masouleh, Shahrzad Kharabian, Kircher, Tilo, Koevoets, Martijn GJC, Kostic, Vladimir S, Krug, Axel, Lawrie, Stephen M, Lebedeva, Irina S, Lee, Edwin HM, Lett, Tristram A, Lewis, Simon JG, Liem, Franziskus, Lombardo, Michael V, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, Margulies, Daniel S, Markett, Sebastian, Marques, Paulo, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M, McPhilemy, Genevieve, Meinert, Susanne L, Menchón, José M, Montag, Christian, Moreira, Pedro S, Morgado, Pedro, Mothersill, David O, Mérillat, Susan, Müller, Hans-Peter, Nabulsi, Leila, Najt, Pablo, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Naumczyk, Patrycja, Oranje, Bob, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Peper, Jiska S, Pineda, Julian A, Rasser, Paul E, Redlich, Ronny, Repple, Jonathan, Reuter, Martin, Rosa, Pedro GP, Ruigrok, Amber NV, Sabisz, Agnieszka, Schall, Ulrich, Seedat, Soraya, Serpa, Mauricio H, Skouras, Stavros, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Sousa, Nuno, Szurowska, Edyta, Tomyshev, Alexander S, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Valk, Sofie L, and van den Berg, Leonard H

Subjects
MRI, brain, connectome analysis, diffusion weighted MRI, network, Neurosciences, Biomedical Imaging, Brain Disorders, Neurological, Clinical Sciences, Psychology
Abstract

We organized 10Kin1day, a pop-up scientific event with the goal to bring together neuroimaging groups from around the world to jointly analyze 10,000+ existing MRI connectivity datasets during a 3-day workshop. In this report, we describe the motivation and principles of 10Kin1day, together with a public release of 8,000+ MRI connectome maps of the human brain.

Published
2019

16. Neuroharmony: A new tool for harmonizing volumetric MRI data from unseen scanners

Author

Garcia-Dias, Rafael, Scarpazza, Cristina, Baecker, Lea, Vieira, Sandra, Pinaya, Walter H.L., Corvin, Aiden, Redolfi, Alberto, Nelson, Barnaby, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, McDonald, Colm, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Cannon, Dara, Mothersill, David, Hernaus, Dennis, Morris, Derek, Setien-Suero, Esther, Donohoe, Gary, Frisoni, Giovanni, Tronchin, Giulia, Sato, João, Marcelis, Machteld, Kempton, Matthew, van Haren, Neeltje E.M., Gruber, Oliver, McGorry, Patrick, Amminger, Paul, McGuire, Philip, Gong, Qiyong, Kahn, René S., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, van Amelsvoort, Therese, Ortiz-García de la Foz, Victor, Calhoun, Vince, Cahn, Wiepke, and Mechelli, Andrea

Published
2020
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24. Naturalistic study on the use of clozapine in the early phases of non-affective psychosis: A 10-year follow-up study in the PAFIP-10 cohort

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Moreno-Sancho, Lara [0000-0003-4394-2842], Juncal Ruiz, María [0000-0002-6782-6515], Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier [0000-0002-5478-3376], Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor [0000-0002-0627-1827], Setién-Suero, Esther [0000-0002-8027-6546], Moreno-Sancho, Lara, Juncal Ruiz, María, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Moreno-Sancho, Lara [0000-0003-4394-2842], Juncal Ruiz, María [0000-0002-6782-6515], Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier [0000-0002-5478-3376], Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor [0000-0002-0627-1827], Setién-Suero, Esther [0000-0002-8027-6546], Moreno-Sancho, Lara, Juncal Ruiz, María, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

Clozapine is seldom prescribed in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients during early phases of the illness. We aimed to examine the pathway and patterns and the impact of clozapine use in patients with TRS who were followed up for 10 years after the first outbreak of the illness. Data were obtained retrospectively from an epidemiological cohort of first episode schizophrenia patients (n = 218) who had been treated in a specialized intervention program (PAFIP). Out of 218, 35 (16%) individuals were on clozapine at 10-year assessment, while 183 (84%) were taking other antipsychotics. Among those 183 psychosis subjects who were not on clozapine, 13 (7.1%) met criteria for TRS. In the clozapine group, ten (28.6%) met criteria for early-TR and twenty-five (71.4%) met criteria for late-TR. Before clozapine treatment was initiated, the median number of days under other antipsychotic treatment was 1551 days (IQR = 1715) and the median time that subjects remained on clozapine was 6.3 years (IC95%: 5.49-7.20). At 10 years, we found that those individuals taking clozapine had higher CGI total scores (F = 12.0, p = 0.001) and SANS total scores (F = 9.27, p = 0.003) than subjects taking other antipsychotics after correcting for baseline values. Interestingly, when performing these analyses at 10 years between subjects taking clozapine (n = 35) and subjects who despite meeting TRS criteria were not taking clozapine (n = 13), we found that subjects taking clozapine had significantly lower total scores on all clinical scales compared with subjects who met TRS criteria and were not taking clozapine (p values < 0.05). TRS patients who took the longest time to start clozapine (third tertile) showed significantly higher CGI scores at 10-year follow-up compared to those who initiated clozapine earlier (first tertile) (t = 2.60; p = 0.043). Our findings reinforce the need of a timely assessment of treatment-resistant criteria in early schizophrenia patients and highlight the l

Published
2022

25. Cognitive reserve as a moderator of outcomes in five clusters of first episode psychosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study of the PAFIP cohort

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Murillo-García, Nancy, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Juncal Ruiz, María, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Setién-Suero, Esther, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Murillo-García, Nancy, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Juncal Ruiz, María, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Setién-Suero, Esther, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Cognitive reserve (CR) has been associated with the development and prognosis of psychosis. Different proxies have been used to estimate CR among individuals. A composite score of these proxies could elucidate the role of CR at illness onset on the variability of clinical and neurocognitive outcomes., [Methods] Premorbid intelligence quotient (IQ), years of education and premorbid adjustment were explored as proxies of CR in a large sample (N = 424) of first-episode psychosis (FEP) non-affective patients. Clusters of patients were identified and compared based on premorbid, clinical and neurocognitive variables at baseline. Additionally, the clusters were compared at 3-year (N = 362) and 10-year (N = 150) follow-ups., [Results] The FEP patients were grouped into five CR clusters: C1 (low premorbid IQ, low education and poor premorbid) 14%; C2 (low premorbid IQ, low education and good premorbid adjustment) 29%; C3 (normal premorbid IQ, low education and poor premorbid adjustment) 17%; C4 (normal premorbid IQ, medium education and good premorbid adjustment) 25%; and C5 (normal premorbid IQ, higher education and good premorbid adjustment) 15%. In general, positive and negative symptoms were more severe in the FEP patients with the lowest CR at baseline and follow-up assessments, while those with high CR presented and maintained higher levels of cognitive functioning., [Conclusions] CR could be considered a key factor at illness onset and a moderator of outcomes in FEP patients. A high CR could function as a protective factor against cognitive impairment and severe symptomatology. Clinical interventions focused on increasing CR and documenting long-term benefits are interesting and desirable.

Published
2023

26. Education and long-term outcomes in first episode psychosis: 10-year follow-up study of the PAFIP cohort

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Miguel-Corredera, Margarita, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Neergaard, Karl D., Correa-Ghisays, Patricia, Setién-Suero, Esther, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Miguel-Corredera, Margarita, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Neergaard, Karl D., Correa-Ghisays, Patricia, Setién-Suero, Esther, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Lower levels of education have been associated with the development of psychosis. Investigating educational achievement in the first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients may shed light on the origins of the alterations and on the variability of outcomes in psychotic disorders., [Methods] Education achievement was explored in a large sample (n = 659) of FEP patients enrolled in programa de atención a fases iniciales de psicosis (PAFIP), a research and assistance program conducted in Spain. Patients were stratified according to the Spanish educational system according to their attendance in primary (low), secondary (medium) or university studies (high). The three groups were compared on available premorbid, clinical and neuropsychological variables. A subgroup of patients (n = 209), comprising the 10-year follow-up PAFIP cohort, were again compared., [Results] Overall, 49% and 37% of FEP patients had low and medium levels of education, respectively. In total, 13% of the patients with a higher level of education were more frequently women (64%) and older at illness onset (36 years old), reported better premorbid adjustment, presented less severe positive symptoms and better functioning; and showed higher premorbid intelligence quotient and better performance on all the explored cognitive domains. Ten years later the FEP patients in the medium- and high-education groups had good global functioning and a neurocognitive performance within the normal limits., [Conclusions] Higher education is associated with better initial conditions and more favourable outcomes after an FEP. Sharing this information with the world's educational systems is essential to targeting resources and designing innovative programs or strategies to compensate for student difficulties.

Published
2023

27. Longitudinal trajectories in negative symptoms and changes in brain cortical thickness: 10-year follow-up study

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Sevilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Ruiz-Veguilla, Miguel, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, López-Díaz, Álvaro, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Brambilla, Paolo, Kircher, Tilo, Romero-García, Rafael, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Sevilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Ruiz-Veguilla, Miguel, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, López-Díaz, Álvaro, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Brambilla, Paolo, Kircher, Tilo, Romero-García, Rafael, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Understanding the evolution of negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis (FEP) requires long-term longitudinal study designs that capture the progression of this condition and the associated brain changes., [Aims] To explore the factors underlying negative symptoms and their association with long-term abnormal brain trajectories., [Method] We followed up 357 people with FEP over a 10-year period. Factor analyses were conducted to explore negative symptom dimensionality. Latent growth mixture modelling (LGMM) was used to identify the latent classes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to investigate developmental trajectories of cortical thickness. Finally, the resulting ANOVA maps were correlated with a wide set of regional molecular profiles derived from public databases., [Results] Three trajectories (stable, decreasing and increasing) were found in each of the three factors (expressivity, experiential and attention) identified by the factor analyses. Patients with an increasing trajectory in the expressivity factor showed cortical thinning in caudal middle frontal, pars triangularis, rostral middle frontal and superior frontal regions from the third to the tenth year after the onset of the psychotic disorder. The F-statistic map of cortical thickness expressivity differences was associated with a receptor density map derived from positron emission tomography data., [Conclusions] Stable and decreasing were the most common trajectories. Additionally, cortical thickness abnormalities found at relatively late stages of FEP onset could be exploited as a biomarker of poor symptom outcome in the expressivity dimension. Finally, the brain areas with less density of receptors spatially overlap areas that discriminate the trajectories of the expressivity dimension.

Published
2023

33. The psychosis metabolic risk calculator (PsyMetRiC) for young people with psychosis: International external validation and site-specific recalibration in two independent European samples

Author

National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Swiss National Science Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Junta de Andalucía, Fundació Seny, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Perry, Benjamin I. [0000-0002-1533-026X], Vandenberghe, Frederik [0000-0002-8964-2047], Osimo, Emanuele F. [0000-0001-6239-5691], Perry, Benjamin I., Vandenberghe, Frederik, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Osimo, Emanuele F., Piras, Marianna, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Upthegrove, Rachel, Grosu, Claire, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Jones, Peter B., Laaboub, Nermine, Ruiz-Veguilla, Miguel, Stochl, Jan, Dubath, Celine, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Mallikarjun, Pavan, Delacrétaz, Aurélie, Ansermot, Nicolas, Fernández-Egea, Emilio, Crettol, Severine, Gamma, Franziska, Plessen, Kerstin J., Conus, Philippe, Khandaker, Golam M., Murray, Graham K., Eap, Chin B., Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Swiss National Science Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Junta de Andalucía, Fundació Seny, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Perry, Benjamin I. [0000-0002-1533-026X], Vandenberghe, Frederik [0000-0002-8964-2047], Osimo, Emanuele F. [0000-0001-6239-5691], Perry, Benjamin I., Vandenberghe, Frederik, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Osimo, Emanuele F., Piras, Marianna, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Upthegrove, Rachel, Grosu, Claire, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Jones, Peter B., Laaboub, Nermine, Ruiz-Veguilla, Miguel, Stochl, Jan, Dubath, Celine, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Mallikarjun, Pavan, Delacrétaz, Aurélie, Ansermot, Nicolas, Fernández-Egea, Emilio, Crettol, Severine, Gamma, Franziska, Plessen, Kerstin J., Conus, Philippe, Khandaker, Golam M., Murray, Graham K., Eap, Chin B., and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background]: Cardiometabolic dysfunction is common in young people with psychosis. Recently, the Psychosis Metabolic Risk Calculator (PsyMetRiC) was developed and externally validated in the UK, predicting up-to six-year risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) from routinely collected data. The full-model includes age, sex, ethnicity, body-mass index, smoking status, prescription of metabolically-active antipsychotic medication, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride concentrations; the partial-model excludes biochemical predictors., [Methods]: To move toward a future internationally-useful tool, we externally validated PsyMetRiC in two independent European samples. We used data from the PsyMetab (Lausanne, Switzerland) and PAFIP (Cantabria, Spain) cohorts, including participants aged 16–35y without MetS at baseline who had 1–6y follow-up. Predictive performance was assessed primarily via discrimination (C-statistic), calibration (calibration plots), and decision curve analysis. Site-specific recalibration was considered., [Findings]: We included 1024 participants (PsyMetab n=558, male=62%, outcome prevalence=19%, mean follow-up=2.48y; PAFIP n=466, male=65%, outcome prevalence=14%, mean follow-up=2.59y). Discrimination was better in the full- compared with partial-model (PsyMetab=full-model C=0.73, 95% C.I., 0.68–0.79, partial-model C=0.68, 95% C.I., 0.62–0.74; PAFIP=full-model C=0.72, 95% C.I., 0.66–0.78; partial-model C=0.66, 95% C.I., 0.60–0.71). As expected, calibration plots revealed varying degrees of miscalibration, which recovered following site-specific recalibration. PsyMetRiC showed net benefit in both new cohorts, more so after recalibration., [Interpretation]: The study provides evidence of PsyMetRiC's generalizability in Western Europe, although further local and international validation studies are required. In future, PsyMetRiC could help clinicians internationally to identify young people with psychosis who are at higher cardiometabolic risk, so interventions can be directed effectively to reduce long-term morbidity and mortality.

Published
2022

34. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author

European Commission, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US), QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia), University of Queensland, National Cancer Institute (US), Dutch Research Council, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Mental Health (US), European Research Council, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (US), Medical Research Council (UK), Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Swedish Research Council, South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Research Council of Norway, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Frangou, Sophia, Modabbernia, Amirhossein, Williams, Steven C. R., Papachristou, Efstathios, Doucet, Gaelle E., Agartz, Ingrid, Aghajani, Moji, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Albajes-Eizagirre, Antón, Alnæs, Dag, Alpert, Kathryn I., Voineskos, Aristotle, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Walton, Esther, Wang, Lei, Wang, Yang, Wassink, Thomas H., Weber, Bernd, Bertolino, Alessandro, Wen, Wei, Kalnin, Andrew, West, John D., Westlye, Lars T., Whalley, Heather, Wierenga, Lara M., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Daniel H., Worker, Amanda, Wright, Margaret J., Yang, Kun, Bonvino, Aurora, Kanai, Ryota, Yoncheva, Yulyia, Zanetti, Marcus V., Ziegler, Georg C., Karolinska Schizophrenia Project, Thompson, Paul M., Dima, Danai, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borgwardt, Stefan, Bourque, Josiane, Brandeis, Daniel, Klein, Marieke, Breier, Alan, Brodaty, Henry, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buitelaar, Jan K., Busatto, Geraldo F., Buckner, Randy L., Calhoun, Vincent, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Cannon, Dara M., Caseras, Xavier, Klyushnik, Tatyana P., Castellanos, Francisco X., Cervenka, Simon, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M., Ching, Christopher R. K., Chubar, Victoria, Clark, Vincent P., Conrod, Patricia, Conzelmann, Annette, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crivello, Fabrice, Koenders, Laura, Crone, Eveline A., Dale, Anders M., Dannlowski, Udo, Davey, Christopher, Geus, Eco J. C. de, Haan, Lieuwe de, Zubicaray, Greig I. de, den Braber, Anouk, Dickie, Erin W., Di Giorgio, Annabella, Koops, Sanne, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dørum, Erlend S., Ehrlich, Stefan, Erk, Susanne, Espeseth, Thomas, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Fisher, Simon E., Fouche, Jean-Paul, Franke, Barbara, Frodl, Thomas, Krämer, Bernd, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Glahn, David C., Gotlib, Ian H., Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grimm, Oliver, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gruner, Patricia, Gur, Rachel E., Kuntsi, Jonna, Gur, Ruben C., Hahn, Tim, Harrison, Ben J., Hartman, Catharine A., Hatton, Sean N., Heinz, Andreas, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Hibar, Derrek P., Hickie, Ian B., Ho, Beng-Choon, Lagopoulos, Jim, Hoekstra, Pieter J., Hohmann, Sarah, Holmes, Avram J., Hoogman, Martine, Hosten, Norbert, Howells, Fleur M., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, James, Anthony, Lázaro, Luisa, Jernigan, Terry L., Jiang, Jiyang, Jönsson, Erik G., Joska, John A., Kahn, René S., Andersson, Micael, Lebedeva, Irina, Lee, Won Hee, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Lochner, Christine, Machielsen, Marise W. J., Maingault, Sophie, Martin, Nicholas G., Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Mazoyer, Bernard, Andreasen, Nancy C., McDonald, Colm, McDonald, Brenna C., McIntosh, Andrew M., McMahon, Katie L., McPhilemy, Genevieve, Meinert, Susanne, Menchón, José M., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Naaijen, Jilly, Andreassen, Ole A., Najt, Pablo, Nakao, Tomohiro, Nordvik, Jan E., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Pergola, Giulio, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Asherson, Philip, Portella, Maria J., Potkin, Steven G., Radua, Joaquim, Reif, Andreas, Rinker, Daniel A., Roffman, Joshua L., Rosa, Pedro G. P., Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Banaschewski, Tobias, Sánchez-Juan, Pascual, Sarró, Salvador, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Saykin, Andrew J., Serpa, Mauricio H., Schmaal, Lianne, Schnell, Knut, Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Smoller, Jordan W., Bargalló, Núria, Sommer, Iris, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Stein, Dan J., Strike, Lachlan T., Swagerman, Suzanne C., Tamnes, Christian K., Temmingh, Henk S., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tomyshev, Alexander S., Baumeister, Sarah, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Trollor, Julian N., Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, van den Heuvel, Odile A., van den Meer, Dennis, van der Wee, Nic J. A., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van 't Ent, Dennis, van Erp, Theo G. M., Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Veer, Ilya M., Veltman, Dick J., European Commission, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US), QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia), University of Queensland, National Cancer Institute (US), Dutch Research Council, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, National Institute of Mental Health (US), European Research Council, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (US), Medical Research Council (UK), Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Swedish Research Council, South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Research Council of Norway, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Frangou, Sophia, Modabbernia, Amirhossein, Williams, Steven C. R., Papachristou, Efstathios, Doucet, Gaelle E., Agartz, Ingrid, Aghajani, Moji, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Albajes-Eizagirre, Antón, Alnæs, Dag, Alpert, Kathryn I., Voineskos, Aristotle, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Walton, Esther, Wang, Lei, Wang, Yang, Wassink, Thomas H., Weber, Bernd, Bertolino, Alessandro, Wen, Wei, Kalnin, Andrew, West, John D., Westlye, Lars T., Whalley, Heather, Wierenga, Lara M., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Daniel H., Worker, Amanda, Wright, Margaret J., Yang, Kun, Bonvino, Aurora, Kanai, Ryota, Yoncheva, Yulyia, Zanetti, Marcus V., Ziegler, Georg C., Karolinska Schizophrenia Project, Thompson, Paul M., Dima, Danai, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borgwardt, Stefan, Bourque, Josiane, Brandeis, Daniel, Klein, Marieke, Breier, Alan, Brodaty, Henry, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buitelaar, Jan K., Busatto, Geraldo F., Buckner, Randy L., Calhoun, Vincent, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Cannon, Dara M., Caseras, Xavier, Klyushnik, Tatyana P., Castellanos, Francisco X., Cervenka, Simon, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M., Ching, Christopher R. K., Chubar, Victoria, Clark, Vincent P., Conrod, Patricia, Conzelmann, Annette, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crivello, Fabrice, Koenders, Laura, Crone, Eveline A., Dale, Anders M., Dannlowski, Udo, Davey, Christopher, Geus, Eco J. C. de, Haan, Lieuwe de, Zubicaray, Greig I. de, den Braber, Anouk, Dickie, Erin W., Di Giorgio, Annabella, Koops, Sanne, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dørum, Erlend S., Ehrlich, Stefan, Erk, Susanne, Espeseth, Thomas, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Fisher, Simon E., Fouche, Jean-Paul, Franke, Barbara, Frodl, Thomas, Krämer, Bernd, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Glahn, David C., Gotlib, Ian H., Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grimm, Oliver, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gruner, Patricia, Gur, Rachel E., Kuntsi, Jonna, Gur, Ruben C., Hahn, Tim, Harrison, Ben J., Hartman, Catharine A., Hatton, Sean N., Heinz, Andreas, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Hibar, Derrek P., Hickie, Ian B., Ho, Beng-Choon, Lagopoulos, Jim, Hoekstra, Pieter J., Hohmann, Sarah, Holmes, Avram J., Hoogman, Martine, Hosten, Norbert, Howells, Fleur M., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, James, Anthony, Lázaro, Luisa, Jernigan, Terry L., Jiang, Jiyang, Jönsson, Erik G., Joska, John A., Kahn, René S., Andersson, Micael, Lebedeva, Irina, Lee, Won Hee, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Lochner, Christine, Machielsen, Marise W. J., Maingault, Sophie, Martin, Nicholas G., Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Mazoyer, Bernard, Andreasen, Nancy C., McDonald, Colm, McDonald, Brenna C., McIntosh, Andrew M., McMahon, Katie L., McPhilemy, Genevieve, Meinert, Susanne, Menchón, José M., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Naaijen, Jilly, Andreassen, Ole A., Najt, Pablo, Nakao, Tomohiro, Nordvik, Jan E., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Pergola, Giulio, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Asherson, Philip, Portella, Maria J., Potkin, Steven G., Radua, Joaquim, Reif, Andreas, Rinker, Daniel A., Roffman, Joshua L., Rosa, Pedro G. P., Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Banaschewski, Tobias, Sánchez-Juan, Pascual, Sarró, Salvador, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Saykin, Andrew J., Serpa, Mauricio H., Schmaal, Lianne, Schnell, Knut, Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Smoller, Jordan W., Bargalló, Núria, Sommer, Iris, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Stein, Dan J., Strike, Lachlan T., Swagerman, Suzanne C., Tamnes, Christian K., Temmingh, Henk S., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tomyshev, Alexander S., Baumeister, Sarah, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Trollor, Julian N., Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, van den Heuvel, Odile A., van den Meer, Dennis, van der Wee, Nic J. A., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van 't Ent, Dennis, van Erp, Theo G. M., Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Veer, Ilya M., and Veltman, Dick J.

Abstract

Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3–90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.

Published
2022

35. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Author

National Institute of Mental Health (US), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm County Council, South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Siemens Healthcare, University of Queensland, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US), National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), National Institute on Drug Abuse (US), Indiana State Department of Health, Parents of children with epilepsy, Epilepsy Therapy Project, Fight Against Childhood Epilepsy and Seizures, Epilepsy Foundation, American Epilepsy Society, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, European Commission, Dutch Research Council, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Netherlands Brain Foundation, Utrecht University, European Research Council, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (US), National Institutes of Health (US), National Center for Research Resources (US), Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Swedish Research Council, Kings College London, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Dima, Danai, Modabbernia, Amirhossein, Papachristou, Efstathios, Doucet, Gaelle E., Agartz, Ingrid, Aghajani, Moji, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Albajes-Eizagirre, Antón, Alnæs, Dag, Alpert, Kathryn I., Andersson, Micael, Radua, Joaquim, Reif, Andreas, Rinker, Daniel A., Roffman, Joshua L., Rosa, Pedro G. P., Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Sánchez-Juan, Pascual, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ehrlich, Stefan, Bargalló, Núria, Weber, Bernd, Sarró, Salvador, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Saykin, Andrew J., Serpa, Mauricio H., Schmaal, Lianne, Schnell, Knut, Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Erk, Susanne, West, John D., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris, Wen, Wei, Baumeister, Sarah, Hartman, Catharine A., Trollor, Julian N., Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Espeseth, Thomas, van den Heuvel, Odile A., van den Meer, Dennis, van der Wee, Nic J. A., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van't Ent, Dennis, van Erp, Theo G. M., Hatton, Sean N., Bonvino, Aurora, Veer, Ilya M., Veltman, Dick J., Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Bertolino, Alessandro, Voineskos, Aristotle, Kanai, Ryota, Westlye, Lars T., Whalley, Heather, Wierenga, Lara M., Williams, Steven C. R., Heinz, Andreas, Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Daniel H., Fisher, Simon E., Worker, Amanda, Wright, Margaret J., Yang, Kun, Yoncheva, Yulyia, Klein, Marieke, Boomsma, Dorret I., Zanetti, Marcus V., Ziegler, Georg C., Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Thompson, Paul M., Fouche, Jean-Paul, Frangou, Sophia, Borgwardt, Stefan, Bourque, Josiane, Brandeis, Daniel, Breier, Alan, Brodaty, Henry, Klyushnik, Tatyana P., Brouwer, Rachel M., Buitelaar, Jan K., Hibar, Derrek P., Franke, Barbara, Busatto, Geraldo F., Buckner, Randy L., Calhoun, Vincent, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Cannon, Dara M., Caseras, Xavier, Castellanos, Francisco X., Cervenka, Simon, Koenders, Laura, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M., Frodl, Thomas, Hickie, Ian B., Ching, Christopher R. K., Chubar, Victoria, Clark, Vincent P., Conrod, Patricia, Conzelmann, Annette, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crivello, Fabrice, Crone, Eveline A., Dannlowski, Udo, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Koops, Sanne, Ho, Beng-Choon, Dale, Anders M., Davey, Christopher, Geus, Eco J. C. de, de Haan, Lieuwe, Zubicaray, Greig I. de, den Braber, Anouk, Dickie, Erin W., Di Giorgio, Annabella, Hohmann, Sarah, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dørum, Erlend S., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Krämer, Bernd, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Glahn, David C., Kuntsi, Jonna, Gotlib, Ian H., Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grimm, Oliver, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gruner, Patricia, Gur, Rachel E., Stein, Dan J., Lázaro, Luisa, Gur, Ruben C., Hahn, Tim, Lagopoulos, Jim, Harrison, Ben J., Völzke, Henry, Holmes, Avram J., Hoogman, Martine, Hosten, Norbert, Howells, Fleur M., Strike, Lachlan T., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, James, Anthony, Jernigan, Terry L., Jiang, Jiyang, Walter, Henrik, Lebedeva, Irina, Jönsson, Erik G., Joska, John A., Swagerman, Suzanne C., Kahn, René S., Kalnin, Andrew, Andreasen, Nancy C., Lee, Won Hee, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Lochner, Christine, Machielsen, Marise W. J., Walton, Esther, Maingault, Sophie, Martin, Nicholas G., Tamnes, Christian K., Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Mazoyer, Bernard, McDonald, Colm, Andreassen, Ole A., McDonald, Brenna C., McIntosh, Andrew M., McMahon, Katie L., Wang, Lei, McPhilemy, Genevieve, Temmingh, Henk S., Meinert, Susanne, Menchón, José M., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Naaijen, Jilly, Najt, Pablo, Asherson, Philip, Nakao, Tomohiro, Nordvik, Jan E., Wang, Yang, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Pergola, Giulio, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Portella, Maria J., Banaschewski, Tobias, Potkin, Steven G., Tomyshev, Alexander S., Wassink, Thomas H., National Institute of Mental Health (US), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm County Council, South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Siemens Healthcare, University of Queensland, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US), National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), National Institute on Drug Abuse (US), Indiana State Department of Health, Parents of children with epilepsy, Epilepsy Therapy Project, Fight Against Childhood Epilepsy and Seizures, Epilepsy Foundation, American Epilepsy Society, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, European Commission, Dutch Research Council, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Netherlands Brain Foundation, Utrecht University, European Research Council, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (US), National Institutes of Health (US), National Center for Research Resources (US), Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Swedish Research Council, Kings College London, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Dima, Danai, Modabbernia, Amirhossein, Papachristou, Efstathios, Doucet, Gaelle E., Agartz, Ingrid, Aghajani, Moji, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Albajes-Eizagirre, Antón, Alnæs, Dag, Alpert, Kathryn I., Andersson, Micael, Radua, Joaquim, Reif, Andreas, Rinker, Daniel A., Roffman, Joshua L., Rosa, Pedro G. P., Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Sánchez-Juan, Pascual, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ehrlich, Stefan, Bargalló, Núria, Weber, Bernd, Sarró, Salvador, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Saykin, Andrew J., Serpa, Mauricio H., Schmaal, Lianne, Schnell, Knut, Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Erk, Susanne, West, John D., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris, Wen, Wei, Baumeister, Sarah, Hartman, Catharine A., Trollor, Julian N., Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Espeseth, Thomas, van den Heuvel, Odile A., van den Meer, Dennis, van der Wee, Nic J. A., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van't Ent, Dennis, van Erp, Theo G. M., Hatton, Sean N., Bonvino, Aurora, Veer, Ilya M., Veltman, Dick J., Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Bertolino, Alessandro, Voineskos, Aristotle, Kanai, Ryota, Westlye, Lars T., Whalley, Heather, Wierenga, Lara M., Williams, Steven C. R., Heinz, Andreas, Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Daniel H., Fisher, Simon E., Worker, Amanda, Wright, Margaret J., Yang, Kun, Yoncheva, Yulyia, Klein, Marieke, Boomsma, Dorret I., Zanetti, Marcus V., Ziegler, Georg C., Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Thompson, Paul M., Fouche, Jean-Paul, Frangou, Sophia, Borgwardt, Stefan, Bourque, Josiane, Brandeis, Daniel, Breier, Alan, Brodaty, Henry, Klyushnik, Tatyana P., Brouwer, Rachel M., Buitelaar, Jan K., Hibar, Derrek P., Franke, Barbara, Busatto, Geraldo F., Buckner, Randy L., Calhoun, Vincent, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Cannon, Dara M., Caseras, Xavier, Castellanos, Francisco X., Cervenka, Simon, Koenders, Laura, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M., Frodl, Thomas, Hickie, Ian B., Ching, Christopher R. K., Chubar, Victoria, Clark, Vincent P., Conrod, Patricia, Conzelmann, Annette, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crivello, Fabrice, Crone, Eveline A., Dannlowski, Udo, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Koops, Sanne, Ho, Beng-Choon, Dale, Anders M., Davey, Christopher, Geus, Eco J. C. de, de Haan, Lieuwe, Zubicaray, Greig I. de, den Braber, Anouk, Dickie, Erin W., Di Giorgio, Annabella, Hohmann, Sarah, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dørum, Erlend S., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Krämer, Bernd, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Glahn, David C., Kuntsi, Jonna, Gotlib, Ian H., Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Grimm, Oliver, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gruner, Patricia, Gur, Rachel E., Stein, Dan J., Lázaro, Luisa, Gur, Ruben C., Hahn, Tim, Lagopoulos, Jim, Harrison, Ben J., Völzke, Henry, Holmes, Avram J., Hoogman, Martine, Hosten, Norbert, Howells, Fleur M., Strike, Lachlan T., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, James, Anthony, Jernigan, Terry L., Jiang, Jiyang, Walter, Henrik, Lebedeva, Irina, Jönsson, Erik G., Joska, John A., Swagerman, Suzanne C., Kahn, René S., Kalnin, Andrew, Andreasen, Nancy C., Lee, Won Hee, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Lochner, Christine, Machielsen, Marise W. J., Walton, Esther, Maingault, Sophie, Martin, Nicholas G., Tamnes, Christian K., Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Mazoyer, Bernard, McDonald, Colm, Andreassen, Ole A., McDonald, Brenna C., McIntosh, Andrew M., McMahon, Katie L., Wang, Lei, McPhilemy, Genevieve, Temmingh, Henk S., Meinert, Susanne, Menchón, José M., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Naaijen, Jilly, Najt, Pablo, Asherson, Philip, Nakao, Tomohiro, Nordvik, Jan E., Wang, Yang, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Pergola, Giulio, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Portella, Maria J., Banaschewski, Tobias, Potkin, Steven G., Tomyshev, Alexander S., and Wassink, Thomas H.

Abstract

Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3–90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.

Published
2022

41. Predictors of diagnostic stability in brief psychotic disorders: Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Janssen Biotech, Lundbeck, Johnson & Johnson Services, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, López-Díaz, Álvaro, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Ramírez-Bonilla, María Luz, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Janssen Biotech, Lundbeck, Johnson & Johnson Services, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, López-Díaz, Álvaro, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Ramírez-Bonilla, María Luz, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Introduction] Brief psychotic disorder (BPD) is a relatively uncommon and underexplored psychotic condition. Even though BPD has been related to a more favorable outcome than other schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), current knowledge of its predictive factors remains scant. This study aimed to examine its prevalence and find early predictors of BPD diagnostic stability., [Methods] SSD diagnosis following Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria was explored in a large epidemiological cohort (n = 569) of non-affective first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients enrolled in a three-year longitudinal intervention program (PAFIP). Premorbid, sociodemographic, and clinical information was collected to characterize BPD patients and determine factors predictive of diagnostic stability. Multivariate analysis included predictors selected from clinical knowledge and also those that had achieved marginal significance (p ≤ 0.1) in univariate analysis., [Results] A total of 59 patients enrolled in the PAFIP program (10.4% of the whole cohort) met DSM-IV criteria for BPD, of whom 40 completed the three-year follow-up. The temporal stability of BPD in our sample was as high as 40% (n = 16). Transition from BPD to schizophrenia occurred in 37% (n = 15) of patients. Fewer hallucinations at baseline and better insight independently significantly predicted BPD diagnostic stability over time., [Conclusion] Our findings confirm that BPD is a clinical condition with moderate-to-low temporal stability and demonstrate that approximately two-thirds of FEP individuals experiencing BPD will develop a long-lasting psychotic disorder during follow-up, mainly schizophrenia.

Published
2021

42. Treatment Discontinuation Impact on Long-Term (10-Year) Weight Gain and Lipid Metabolism in First-Episode Psychosis: Results From the PAFIP-10 Cohort

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Juncal Ruiz, María, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Bioque, Miquel, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Juncal Ruiz, María, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Bioque, Miquel, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) are at higher risk of gaining weight and presenting metabolic disturbances, partly related to antipsychotic exposure. Previous studies suggest that treatment discontinuation might have a positive impact on weight in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment discontinuation on weight and metabolic changes in a FEP cohort., [Methods] A total of 209 FEP patients and 57 healthy controls were evaluated at study entry and prospectively at 10-year follow-up. Anthropometric measures and, clinical, metabolic, and sociodemographic data were collected. [Results] Patients discontinuing antipsychotic treatment presented a significantly lower increase in weight and better metabolic parameter results than those still on antipsychotic treatment at 10-year follow-up. [Conclusions] Treatment discontinuation had a positive effect on the weight and metabolic changes observed in FEP patients; however, this effect was not sufficient to reaching a complete reversal to normal levels.

Published
2021

43. Predictive value of prolactin in first episode psychosis at ten years follow-up

Author

Delgado-Alvarado, Manuel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Labad, Javier, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Delgado-Alvarado, Manuel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Labad, Javier, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Published
2021

44. Different neurocognitive profiles of risperidone and aripiprazole in the FIRST episode of psychosis: A 3-year follow-up comparison

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Suárez-Pinilla, Paula, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, and Ayesa Arriola, Rosa

Abstract

Cognitive deficits have been recognized as a central feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. These deficits are often related to more severe negative symptoms, as well as a poorer adjustment in social functioning. Therefore, it is important to improve cognitive performance from the onset of the disease. In this study, we compared the effects of two atypical antipsychotics, risperidone and aripiprazole, on cognition. The data used in the present investigation were obtained from a large epidemiological cohort of patients with a first episode of psychosis who were treated in a longitudinal intervention programme. The patients included in the program were randomized to treatment with risperidone or aripiprazole and were assessed for cognitive function at baseline and 3 years later. The final sample consisted of 115 patients, 55 of whom were initially assigned to risperidone and 60 to aripiprazole. The groups did not show significant differences in their sociodemographic or clinical characteristics at intake. Longitudinal analyses showed that risperidone-treated patients improved in the processing speed domain at the 3-year follow-up, while the aripiprazole group showed better scores for the executive function domain. Our study shows slight differences between the effects of risperidone and aripiprazole on cognition, suggesting different patterns of efficacy on cognitive function that may warrant more thorough research to determine the beneficial effects of these drugs on cognition. Future studies should evaluate the effects of these treatments over longer follow-up periods using standardized tools for the assessment of cognitive function.

Published
2021

45. Prolactin, metabolic and immune parameters in naïve subjects with a first episode of psychosis

Author

Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, García-Rizo, Clemente, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Labad, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Juncal Ruiz, María, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, García-Rizo, Clemente, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Labad, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Juncal Ruiz, María, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Prolactin (Prl) is a pleiotropic hormone initially described for its regulation of lactation in mammals but later associated with metabolic and immune homeostasis, stress, inflammatory response and human behavior. Its regulation through dopamine receptors highlights its importance in psychiatry mostly because hyperprolactinemia is a common secondary side effect of dopamine antagonists. Despite its undeciphered patho-physiological mechanisms, hyperprolactinemia in naïve psychosis patients has been widely described. Its consequences might underlie the increased morbidity and early mortality found in naïve subjects as described in the general population where prolactin values have been correlated with inflammatory, immune and metabolic parameters., [Methods] We aimed to evaluate the correlation between prolactin values and other biochemical parameters (C-reactive Protein-CrP, blood cell count, lipid and hepatic profile, fasting glucose) in a cohort of first episode psychosis naïve subjects (N = 491) stratified by sex. Regression analyses with confounders were performed to evaluate the association., [Findings] Prl displayed significant correlations with C-Reactive Protein (CrP), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) for females and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and eosinophil count for males. However, and despite previous specific sex correlations, significant associations were described for CrP, HDL, LDL, AST and ALT without sex interaction and despite confounders such as age, Body Mass Index or smoking status., [Conclusions] Our results show a specific relation of Prl with immune and metabolic parameters describing a heterogeneous pattern. Our results suggest that prolactin might underlie the excess of morbidity and early mortality in naïve patients through a specific pathway.

Published
2021

46. Long term cortical thickness changes after a first episode of non- affective psychosis: The 10 year follow-up of the PAFIP cohort

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Rodríguez-Pérez, Noelia, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Setién-Suero, Esther, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Rodríguez-Pérez, Noelia, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Setién-Suero, Esther, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

Cortical thickness has been widely studied in individuals with schizophrenia and, in particular, first-episode psychosis. Abnormalities have been described, although there is, to date, a lack of consensus regarding changes across time and correlations with clinical and functional outcomes of the illness. One hundred and twenty-three first-episode psychosis patients and 74 healthy volunteers were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging scans and clinical and functional assessments by different scales at four consecutive visits during a 10 year follow-up period. Linear mixed effects models were applied to our data to compute cortical thickness changes over time in (1) schizophrenia patients versus healthy controls and (2) in patients with good versus poor functional outcome. The associations between cortical thickness percentage changes and clinical and functional status at 10 years were also assessed. The patients presented a thinner cortex than the controls at baseline (b's = −0.06; q ≤ 0.00023) with non-significant coefficients for the interaction term (follow-up time x group) (b's = −0.001; q ≥ 0.681). Poor functioning patients presented statistically significant coefficients for the interaction term (follow-up time x functionality) (left: b = −0.005, q = 0.019; right: b = −0.005, q = 0.022). In contrast, no correlations were found between cortical thickness measurements and clinical variables at 10 years. Overall, there were widespread thickness anomalies in first-episode psychosis patients across cortical regions that remained stable across time. Progressive thickness changes were related to patient functional outcomes, with progressive and steeper cortical thinning in patients with worse functional outcomes and a stabilization in those with better outcomes.

Published
2021

47. Comparison of aripiprazole and risperidone effectiveness in first episode non-affective psychosis: Rationale and design of a prospective, randomized, 3-phase, investigator-initiated study (PAFIP-3)

Author

Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Setién-Suero, Esther, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Setién-Suero, Esther, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Selecting the most effective treatment represents a critical challenge with the potential of modifying the long-term prognosis of individuals suffering a first break of psychosis. Head-to-head clinical trials comparing effectiveness among antipsychotic drugs in individuals with a first-episode of non-affective psychosis (FEP) are scarce., [Methods] The rationale and design of a 3 phases clinical trial (PAFIP-3, NCT02305823) comparing the effectiveness of aripiprazole and risperidone, and to additionally assess the benefits of an early use of clozapine in primary treatment-resistant patients is reported. The design encompasses of 5 work packages (medication algorithm, cognitive functioning, psychoeducation/vocational functioning, imaging and biological markers) addressing critical issues and needs of first episode psychosis individuals and their cares. The primary outcome measure was treatment effectiveness assessed by all-cause treatment discontinuation rate., [Results] 266 individuals have been included in the randomization study phase I (risperidone vs. aripiprazole). At 3 months, the retention rate was of 94% (249/266), 48(19.3%) patients have gone through phase II (olanzapine treatment), and 7(2.8%) entered the clozapine phase (phase III)., [Discussion] The PAFIP 3 clinical trial may provide relevant information about clinical guidelines to optimally treat patients with a first episode of non-affective psychosis and the benefits and risks of an early use of clozapine in treatment resistant patients., [Clinicaltrials.gov] NCT02305823.

Published
2021

48. Data regarding active psychosis and functional outcome, among other clinical variables, during early phases of the illness in first-episode psychosis in the PAFIP 10-year follow-up program

Author

Pardo-de-Santayana, Guillermo, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Pelayo-Terán, José María, Pardo-de-Santayana, Guillermo, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Gómez Revuelta, Marcos, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, and Pelayo-Terán, José María

Abstract

This article describes data related to the research study entitled “Duration of active psychosis during early phases of the illness and functional outcome: The PAFIP 10-year follow-up study.” [1]. We present data concerning the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of a sample of drug-naïve patients with a first episode of non-affective psychosis. The dataset was obtained from a 3-year longitudinal intervention program as part of an ongoing 10-year epidemiological study. The tables and figure shown present the data from the analysis between the active psychosis (presence of positive psychotic symptoms), among other sociodemographic and clinical predictor variables, recorded during the 3-year longitudinal intervention program and the evaluation of the functional outcome (social functioning and functional recovery) present at the 10-year mark. The data explores how those early parameters could influence long-term outcome.

Published
2020

49. Predictors of weight acquisition induced by antipsychotic treatment and its relationship with age in a sample of first episode non-affective psychosis patients: A three-year follow-up study

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Labad, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Marques de Valdecilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Labad, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Mayoral-van Son, Jacqueline, Setién-Suero, Esther, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Published
2020

50. Brain grey matter abnormalities in first episode non-affective psychosis patients with suicidal behaviours: The role of neurocognitive functioning

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Cuevas-Esteban, Jorge, Marco de Lucas, Enrique, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, Canal-Rivero, Manuel, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz, Victor, Cuevas-Esteban, Jorge, Marco de Lucas, Enrique, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Ayesa Arriola, Rosa, and Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto

Abstract

[Background] Suicide is one of the leading causes of premature death in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. The understanding of suicidal behaviour (SB) is limited, and new and integrative approaches focusing on the likely relationship of the biological and cognitive features of SB in the early phases of psychosis are warranted. We aimed to study the relationship of brain grey matter anomalies and cognitive functioning with SB or suicidal risk in a large sample of non-affective FEP patients., [Methods] We used a voxel-based morphometry analysis in 145 FEP patients to investigate the pattern of structural brain abnormalities related to SB. In addition, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationship between cognitive functioning and SB., [Results] A reduction in grey matter volume in the frontal area, temporal gyrus, precuneus, uncus, amygdala, left cuneus and subcallosal gyrus as well as a marked regional volume reduction in the right hemisphere was linked with the presence of SB. Additionally, worse global cognitive functioning and living in urban areas were identified as suicide risk factors., [Conclusions] This study provides some insights about the brain abnormalities associated with SB in FEP patients. Specifically, the areas reported are involved in important functions related to SB, such as impulsivity, problem solving or responses to pain. Thus, the results confirm the relevant role of cognitive functioning on SB.

Published
2020

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