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Social and emotional learning (SEL) has proven to be an effective conduit to improved attendance scores, grades, and graduation rates; to adaptive behaviors and gainful employment in adulthood; and to a wide variety of other measurable factors spanning the spectrum of human adaptiveness and wellness (Aspen Institute, 2018). Although SEL has been integrated into many school-based programs to support student success, afterschool or out-of-school time (OST) programs are uniquely suited to SEL development. However, while SEL can enhance academic, emotional, social, and career wellness--areas of youth and human development that are all directly and severely affected by inequity, the application of SEL to OST is rife with equity issues and concerns. The authors' exploration of the intersections of SEL and equity in afterschool environments results from a partnership between the YMCA and Equity Meets Design, an organization dedicated to delivering equitable OST programs to youth and communities. The first step in exploring models and promising practices for equity was a comprehensive research synthesis. This article presents key findings and recommendations from the authors' research into existing scholarship and best practices. First, they outline the rationale, research questions, and methodology. Then they present their findings on major themes in the literature. Next, an equity "deep dive" explores the intersections of SEL and equity in OST settings. The article concludes with recommendations to the field.

Introduction: Blacks in the United States experience greater persistent pain than non-Hispanic Whites across a range of medical conditions, but to our knowledge no longitudinal studies have examined the risk factors or incidence of persistent pain among Blacks experiencing common traumatic stress exposures such as after a motor vehicle collision (MVC). We evaluated the incidence and predictors of moderate to severe axial musculoskeletal pain (MSAP) and widespread pain six weeks after a MVC in a large cohort of Black adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) for care.Methods: This prospective, multi-center, cohort study enrolled Black adults who presented to one of 13 EDs across the US within 24 hours of a MVC and were discharged home after their evaluation. Data were collected at the ED visit via patient interview and self-report surveys at six weeks after the ED visit via internet-based, self-report survey, or telephone interview. We assessed MSAP pain at ED visit and persistence at six weeks. Multivariable models examined factors associated with MSAP persistence at six weeks post-MVC.Results: Among 787 participants, less than 1% reported no pain in the ED after their MVC, while 79.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 77.1 – 82.2) reported MSAP and 28.3 (95% CI, 25.5 – 31.3) had widespread pain. At six weeks, 67% (95% CI, 64, 70%) had MSAP and 31% (95% CI, 28, 34%) had widespread pain. ED characteristics predicting MSAP at six weeks post-MVC (area under the curve  = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.72, 0.74) were older age, peritraumatic dissociation, moderate to severe pain in the ED, feeling uncertain about recovery, and symptoms of depression.Conclusion: These data indicate that Blacks presenting to the ED for evaluation after MVCs are at high risk for persistent and widespread musculoskeletal pain. Preventive interventions are needed to improve outcomes for this high-risk group.

While there's an abundant literature describing the experiences of medical frontliners amidst the pandemic, there is a dearth of studies pertaining to the experiences of mental health frontliners. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of mental health service providers who cater psychological services to COVID-19 patients and survivors. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), this study extracted seven central meanings from the interview responses of eight mental health frontliners. The central meanings are 1) Experiencing Mental Health Concerns; 2) Challenges in Delivery of Online Mental Health Services; 3) Aggravating Concerns in the Profession; 4) Bolstering Personal and Professional Development; 5) Personal and Professional; 6) Adjustments to Pandemic-Related Frustrations; and 7) Social Support as Primary Way of Coping. The mental health concerns experienced by the participants are seemingly affected by the difficulty they experience in delivering online psychological services and their lack of resources and workforce to effectively do so. The participants' social support and the adjustments they made in the personal and professional lives allowed them to navigate through the problems brought by the pandemic. Eventually, participants bolstered their personal and professional development which also helped them to better address the problems they encountered in their personal lives and in their line of profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher research--often called "action research"--is an intentional and systematic inquiry into one's own classroom practice with the goal of improved student learning (Cochran-Smith and Lytle 1993). In this article, the authors present a teacher research project undertaken to improve student understanding of the gas laws in a high school chemistry class. It addresses both the product of this teacher research project--insights into the teaching of gas laws--and the process and potential power of this approach. (Contains 7 figures.)

Background We previously reported on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination intent among healthcare personnel (HCP) before emergency use authorization. We found widespread hesitancy and a substantial proportion of HCP did not intend to vaccinate. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of HCP, including clinical and nonclinical staff, researchers, and trainees between 21 February and 19 March 2021. The survey evaluated vaccine attitudes, beliefs, intent, and acceptance. Results Overall, 3981 (87.7%) of respondents had already received a COVID-19 vaccine or planned to get vaccinated. There were significant differences in vaccine acceptance by gender, age, race, and hospital role. Males (93.7%) were more likely than females (89.8%) to report vaccine acceptance (P <.001). Mean age was higher among those reporting vaccine acceptance (P <.001). Physicians and scientists showed the highest acceptance rate (97.3%), whereas staff in ancillary services showed the lowest acceptance rate (79.9%). Unvaccinated respondents were more likely to be females, to have refused vaccines in the past due to reasons other than illness or allergy, to care for COVID-19 patients, or to rely on themselves when making vaccination decision. Vaccine acceptance was more than twice previous intent among Black respondents, an increase from 30.8% to 73.8%, and across all hospital roles with all > 80% vaccine acceptance. Conclusions The majority of HCP were vaccinated, much higher than reporting intent before vaccine was available. However, many HCP—particularly ancillary services—are still hesitant. Feasible and effective interventions to address the hesitant, including individually-tailored education strategies are needed, or vaccine can be mandated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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