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1. Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Galactic anticentre

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Antoja, T., McMillan, P., Kordopatis, G., Ramos, P., Helmi, A., Balbinot, E., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Chemin, L., Figueras, F., Jordi, C., Khanna, S., Romero-Gomez, M., Seabroke, G., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Castañeda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernández-Hernández, J., Galluccio, L., García-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., González-Núñez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Löffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, J. J. R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cánovas, H., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I, Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chiavassa, A., Cioni, M. -R. L., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., deLaverny, P., DeLuise, F., DeMarch, R., DeRidder, J., deSouza, R., de Teodoro, P., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., García-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hładczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszyńska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Campion, J. -F. Le, Fustec, Y. Le, Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Pardo, P. Madrero, Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Santos, M. M. S. Marcos, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Orrù, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Esteller, X. Peñalosa, Penttilä, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sellés, A. Sagristà, Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Süveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, L., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We aim to demonstrate the scientific potential of the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) for the study of the Milky Way structure and evolution. We used astrometric positions, proper motions, parallaxes, and photometry from EDR3 to select different populations and components and to calculate the distances and velocities in the direction of the anticentre. We explore the disturbances of the current disc, the spatial and kinematical distributions of early accreted versus in-situ stars, the structures in the outer parts of the disc, and the orbits of open clusters Berkeley 29 and Saurer 1. We find that: i) the dynamics of the Galactic disc are very complex with vertical asymmetries, and new correlations, including a bimodality with disc stars with large angular momentum moving vertically upwards from below the plane, and disc stars with slightly lower angular momentum moving preferentially downwards; ii) we resolve the kinematic substructure (diagonal ridges) in the outer parts of the disc for the first time; iii) the red sequence that has been associated with the proto-Galactic disc that was present at the time of the merger with Gaia-Enceladus-Sausage is currently radially concentrated up to around 14 kpc, while the blue sequence that has been associated with debris of the satellite extends beyond that; iv) there are density structures in the outer disc, both above and below the plane, most probably related to Monoceros, the Anticentre Stream, and TriAnd, for which the Gaia data allow an exhaustive selection of candidate member stars and dynamical study; and v) the open clusters Berkeley~29 and Saurer~1, despite being located at large distances from the Galactic centre, are on nearly circular disc-like orbits. We demonstrate how, once again, the Gaia are crucial for our understanding of the different pieces of our Galaxy and their connection to its global structure and history., Comment: Gaia EDR3 performance verification paper, version 2 closer to published version in A&A, complete list of authors

Published
2021
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2. Gaia Early Data Release 3: The Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Smart, R. L., Sarro, L. M., Rybizki, J., Reylé, C., Robin, A. C., Hambly, N. C., Abbas, U., Barstow, M. A., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Bucciarelli, B., Carrasco, J. M., Cooper, W. J., Hodgkin, S. T., Masana, E., Michalik, D., Sahlmann, J., Sozzetti, A., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Castañeda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernández-Hernández, J., Galluccio, L., García-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., González-Núñez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Löffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Roegiers, T., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cánovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I, Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cioni, M. -R. L., Comoretto, G., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Teodoro, P., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., García-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomel, R., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmi, A., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hładczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszyńska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Campion, J. -F. Le, Fustec, Y. Le, Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Pardo, P. Madrero, Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Santos, M. M. S. Marcos, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Orrù, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Esteller, X. Peñalosa, Penttilä, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sellés, A. Sagristà, Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Shahaf, S., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Süveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, L., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We produce a clean and well-characterised catalogue of objects within 100\,pc of the Sun from the \G\ Early Data Release 3. We characterise the catalogue through comparisons to the full data release, external catalogues, and simulations. We carry out a first analysis of the science that is possible with this sample to demonstrate its potential and best practices for its use. The selection of objects within 100\,pc from the full catalogue used selected training sets, machine-learning procedures, astrometric quantities, and solution quality indicators to determine a probability that the astrometric solution is reliable. The training set construction exploited the astrometric data, quality flags, and external photometry. For all candidates we calculated distance posterior probability densities using Bayesian procedures and mock catalogues to define priors. Any object with reliable astrometry and a non-zero probability of being within 100\,pc is included in the catalogue. We have produced a catalogue of \NFINAL\ objects that we estimate contains at least 92\% of stars of stellar type M9 within 100\,pc of the Sun. We estimate that 9\% of the stars in this catalogue probably lie outside 100\,pc, but when the distance probability function is used, a correct treatment of this contamination is possible. We produced luminosity functions with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the main-sequence stars, giants, and white dwarfs. We examined in detail the Hyades cluster, the white dwarf population, and wide-binary systems and produced candidate lists for all three samples. We detected local manifestations of several streams, superclusters, and halo objects, in which we identified 12 members of \G\ Enceladus. We present the first direct parallaxes of five objects in multiple systems within 10\,pc of the Sun., Comment: 45 Pages, 39 figures in main part and 18 in appendix, tables on CDS

Published
2020
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3. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Acceleration of the solar system from Gaia astrometry

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Klioner, S. A., Mignard, F., Lindegren, L., Bastian, U., McMillan, P. J., Hernández, J., Hobbs, D., Ramos-Lerate, M., Biermann, M., Bombrun, A., de Torres, A., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Hilger, T., Lammers, U., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Luri, X., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Castañeda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernández-Hernández, J., Galluccio, L., García-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., González-Núñez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Löffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Nú\-nez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cánovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I, Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Teodoro, P., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., García-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmi, A., Hidalgo, S. L., Hładczuk, N., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszyńska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Campion, J. -F. Le, Fustec, Y. Le, Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Pardo, P. Madrero, Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Santos, M. M. S. Marcos, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Orrù, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Esteller, X. Pe\-nalosa, Penttilä, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sellés, A. Sagristà, Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Süveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torray, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Context. Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) provides accurate astrometry for about 1.6 million compact (QSO-like) extragalactic sources, 1.2 million of which have the best-quality five-parameter astrometric solutions. Aims. The proper motions of QSO-like sources are used to reveal a systematic pattern due to the acceleration of the solar system barycentre with respect to the rest frame of the Universe. Apart from being an important scientific result by itself, the acceleration measured in this way is a good quality indicator of the Gaia astrometric solution. Methods. The effect of the acceleration is obtained as a part of the general expansion of the vector field of proper motions in Vector Spherical Harmonics (VSH). Various versions of the VSH fit and various subsets of the sources are tried and compared to get the most consistent result and a realistic estimate of its uncertainty. Additional tests with the Gaia astrometric solution are used to get a better idea on possible systematic errors in the estimate. Results. Our best estimate of the acceleration based on Gaia EDR3 is $(2.32 \pm 0.16) \times 10^{-10}$ m s${}^{-2}$ (or $7.33 \pm 0.51$ km s$^{-1}$ Myr${}^{-1}$) towards $\alpha = 269.1^\circ \pm 5.4^\circ$, $\delta = -31.6^\circ \pm 4.1^\circ$, corresponding to a proper motion amplitude of $5.05 \pm 0.35$ $\mu$as yr${}^{-1}$. This is in good agreement with the acceleration expected from current models of the Galactic gravitational potential. We expect that future Gaia data releases will provide estimates of the acceleration with uncertainties substantially below 0.1 $\mu$as yr${}^{-1}$., Comment: A&A, accepted

Published
2020
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4. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Luri, X., Chemin, L., Clementini, G., Delgado, H. E., McMillan, P. J., Romero-Gómez, M., Balbinot, E., Castro-Ginard, A., Mor, R., Ripepi, V., Sarro, L. M., Cioni, M. -R. L., Fabricius, C., Garofalo, A., Helmi, A., Muraveva, T., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Castañeda, J., De, F., Ducourant, C., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Jean-Antoine, A., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernández-Hernández, J., Galluccio, L., García-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., González-Núñez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Löffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Abreu, A., Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cánovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I, Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chiavassa, A., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Teodoro, P., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delgado, A., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., García-Torres, M., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hładczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Juaristi, J., Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszyńska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Campion, J. -F. Le, Fustec, Y. Le, Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Madrero, P., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marcos, M. M. S., Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Orrù, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Peñalosa, X., Penttilä, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Re, P., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sagristà, A., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Sanchez, V., Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Süveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We compare the Gaia DR2 and Gaia EDR3 performances in the study of the Magellanic Clouds and show the clear improvements in precision and accuracy in the new release. We also show that the systematics still present in the data make the determination of the 3D geometry of the LMC a difficult endeavour; this is at the very limit of the usefulness of the Gaia EDR3 astrometry, but it may become feasible with the use of additional external data. We derive radial and tangential velocity maps and global profiles for the LMC for the several subsamples we defined. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the two planar components of the ordered and random motions are derived for multiple stellar evolutionary phases in a galactic disc outside the Milky Way, showing the differences between younger and older phases. We also analyse the spatial structure and motions in the central region, the bar, and the disc, providing new insights into features and kinematics. Finally, we show that the Gaia EDR3 data allows clearly resolving the Magellanic Bridge, and we trace the density and velocity flow of the stars from the SMC towards the LMC not only globally, but also separately for young and evolved populations. This allows us to confirm an evolved population in the Bridge that is slightly shift from the younger population. Additionally, we were able to study the outskirts of both Magellanic Clouds, in which we detected some well-known features and indications of new ones., Comment: This paper is part of the "demonstration papers" released with Gaia EDR3: https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/earlydr3

Published
2020
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5. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties

Author

Gaia Collaboration, Brown, A. G. A, Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernández-Hernández, J., Galluccio, L., García-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., González-Núñez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janßen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., o}ffler, W. L\"{, Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J. -M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolomé, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cánovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I, Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cioni, M. -R. L., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Teodoro, P., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., García-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomel, R., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., González-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmi, A., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hładczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszyńska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Campion, J. -F. Le, Fustec, Y. Le, Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Pardo, P. Madrero, Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Santos, M. M. S. Marcos, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordénovic, C., Orrù, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Esteller, X. Peñalosa, a}, A. Penttil\"{, Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sellés, A. Sagristà, Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santoveña, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Semeux, D., Shahaf, S., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., u}ller, H. Steidelm\"{, Stephenson, C. A., u}veges, M. S\"{, Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the early installment of the third Gaia data release, Gaia EDR3, consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8 billion sources brighter than magnitude 21, complemented with the list of radial velocities from Gaia DR2. Gaia EDR3 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.8 billion sources. For 1.5 billion of those sources, parallaxes, proper motions, and the (G_BP-G_RP) colour are also available. The passbands for G, G_BP, and G_RP are provided as part of the release. For ease of use, the 7 million radial velocities from Gaia DR2 are included in this release, after the removal of a small number of spurious values. New radial velocities will appear as part of Gaia DR3. Finally, Gaia EDR3 represents an updated materialisation of the celestial reference frame (CRF) in the optical, the Gaia-CRF3, which is based solely on extragalactic sources. The creation of the source list for Gaia EDR3 includes enhancements that make it more robust with respect to high proper motion stars, and the disturbing effects of spurious and partially resolved sources. The source list is largely the same as that for Gaia DR2, but it does feature new sources and there are some notable changes. The source list will not change for Gaia DR3. Gaia EDR3 represents a significant advance over Gaia DR2, with parallax precisions increased by 30 percent, proper motion precisions increased by a factor of 2, and the systematic errors in the astrometry suppressed by 30--40 percent for the parallaxes and by a factor ~2.5 for the proper motions. The photometry also features increased precision, but above all much better homogeneity across colour, magnitude, and celestial position. A single passband for G, G_BP, and G_RP is valid over the entire magnitude and colour range, with no systematics above the 1 percent level., Comment: Accepted for A&A Special Issue on Gaia EDR3, 21 pages, 2 figures. This version includes the updates in the erratum (https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e)

Published
2020
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6. Mood Disorder Questionnaire Positivity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Other Chronic Diseases including Screen Bipolar Disorders or Rhythm and Energy Dysregulation Syndromes (DYMERS)

Author

Primavera, D, Fornaro, M, Carra, G, Romano, F, Gonzales, C, Preti, A, Sancassiani, F, Cossu, G, Nardi, A, Scano, A, Orru, G, Chessa, E, Floris, A, Piga, M, Cauli, A, Carta, M, Primavera D., Fornaro M., Carra G., Romano F., Gonzales C. I. A., Preti A., Sancassiani F., Cossu G., Nardi A. E., Scano A., Orru G., Chessa E., Floris A., Piga M., Cauli A., Carta M. G., Primavera, D, Fornaro, M, Carra, G, Romano, F, Gonzales, C, Preti, A, Sancassiani, F, Cossu, G, Nardi, A, Scano, A, Orru, G, Chessa, E, Floris, A, Piga, M, Cauli, A, Carta, M, Primavera D., Fornaro M., Carra G., Romano F., Gonzales C. I. A., Preti A., Sancassiani F., Cossu G., Nardi A. E., Scano A., Orru G., Chessa E., Floris A., Piga M., Cauli A., and Carta M. G.

Abstract

Introduction: This study explores the issue of paper-and-pencil screening tests for bipolar disorder, often leading to false positives. It discusses hypotheses that connect MDQ positivity with sleep disorders, a decline in health-related quality of life, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mood disorders. The study proposes that MDQ identifies a "Dysregulation of Mood, Energy, and Social Rhythms Syndrome" (DYMERS), indicating a stress-related condition. It aims to investigate the association between MDQ positivity and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in comparison to other chronic disorders. Methods: This case-control study, conducted from April 2019 to February 2020, investigated MDQ positivity in patients with SLE. Ethical approvals were obtained, and statistical analysis was used for data assessment. Results: This is a case-controlled study where MDQ positivity was significantly higher in systemic lupus erythematosus cases than controls. The analysis compared gender, age, and the presence of depressive episodes between MDQ-positive and MDQ-negative cases, revealing some differences but no significant variations. Interestingly, no association with high prednisone or biologics use was observed. The frequency of MDQ positivity in systemic lupus erythematosus was compared to other chronic pathologies, revealing varying associations with each condition. Conclusion: This study reveals a high rate of (MDQ) positivity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), associated with the risk of bipolar disorder in SLE. Notable discrepancies in MDQ positivity risk factors between SLE and bipolar disorder are observed. The study emphasizes the ability of MDQ to identify a distinct syndrome characterized by rhythm dysregulation, posing a risk for bipolar disorder and other disorders.

Published
2024

7. N34 Transition of Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients from pediatric to adult Care: A single-center ten-years experience

Author

Onidi, F M, primary, Mocci, G, additional, Elisei, W, additional, Corpino, M, additional, Orru', G, additional, Marongiu, A, additional, Argiolas, G, additional, Runfola, M, additional, Locci, G, additional, Tamponi, E, additional, Zolfino, T, additional, Usai Satta, P, additional, Muscas, A, additional, Congia, M, additional, and Savasta, S, additional

Published
2024
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9. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 9

Author

Bartolucci, F, Domina, G, Andreatta, S, Angius, R, Ardenghi, N, Bacchetta, G, Ballelli, S, Banfi, E, Barberis, D, Barberis, G, Bernardo, L, Bertolli, A, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Briozzo, I, Buccomino, G, Calvia, G, Chianese, G, Cibei, C, Conti, F, Copez, M, Crisanti, A, Dagnino, D, Di Filippo, A, Esposito, A, Fanni, S, Festi, F, Forte, L, Galasso, G, Gentili, R, Gottschlich, G, Lattanzi, E, Liguori, P, Locci, M, Longo, D, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Marchetti, D, Mariotti, M, Menini, F, Minuto, L, Orru, G, Pala, M, Passalacqua, N, Pellegrino, M, Pennesi, R, Peruzzi, L, Pinzani, L, Pirastru, G, Prosser, F, Enri, S, Roma-Marzio, F, Russo, G, Scoppola, A, Silletti, G, Stinca, A, Toffolo, C, Tomaselli, V, Tondi, G, Trenchi, M, Turcato, C, Nepi, C, Bartolucci F., Domina G., Andreatta S., Angius R., Ardenghi N. M. G., Bacchetta G., Ballelli S., Banfi E., Barberis D., Barberis G., Bernardo L., Bertolli A., Bonari G., Bovio M., Briozzo I., Buccomino G., Calvia G., Chianese G., Cibei C., Conti F., Copez M., Crisanti A., Dagnino D., Di Filippo A., Esposito A., Fanni S., Festi F., Forte L., Galasso G., Gentili R., Gottschlich G., Lattanzi E., Liguori P., Locci M. C., Longo D., Lonati M., Lucchese F., Marchetti D., Mariotti M. G., Menini F., Minuto L., Orru G., Pala M. L., Passalacqua N. G., Pellegrino M., Pennesi R., Peruzzi L., Pinzani L., Pirastru G., Prosser F., Enri S. R., Roma-Marzio F., Russo G., Scoppola A., Silletti G., Stinca A., Toffolo C., Tomaselli V., Tondi G., Trenchi M., Turcato C., Nepi C., Bartolucci, F, Domina, G, Andreatta, S, Angius, R, Ardenghi, N, Bacchetta, G, Ballelli, S, Banfi, E, Barberis, D, Barberis, G, Bernardo, L, Bertolli, A, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Briozzo, I, Buccomino, G, Calvia, G, Chianese, G, Cibei, C, Conti, F, Copez, M, Crisanti, A, Dagnino, D, Di Filippo, A, Esposito, A, Fanni, S, Festi, F, Forte, L, Galasso, G, Gentili, R, Gottschlich, G, Lattanzi, E, Liguori, P, Locci, M, Longo, D, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Marchetti, D, Mariotti, M, Menini, F, Minuto, L, Orru, G, Pala, M, Passalacqua, N, Pellegrino, M, Pennesi, R, Peruzzi, L, Pinzani, L, Pirastru, G, Prosser, F, Enri, S, Roma-Marzio, F, Russo, G, Scoppola, A, Silletti, G, Stinca, A, Toffolo, C, Tomaselli, V, Tondi, G, Trenchi, M, Turcato, C, Nepi, C, Bartolucci F., Domina G., Andreatta S., Angius R., Ardenghi N. M. G., Bacchetta G., Ballelli S., Banfi E., Barberis D., Barberis G., Bernardo L., Bertolli A., Bonari G., Bovio M., Briozzo I., Buccomino G., Calvia G., Chianese G., Cibei C., Conti F., Copez M., Crisanti A., Dagnino D., Di Filippo A., Esposito A., Fanni S., Festi F., Forte L., Galasso G., Gentili R., Gottschlich G., Lattanzi E., Liguori P., Locci M. C., Longo D., Lonati M., Lucchese F., Marchetti D., Mariotti M. G., Menini F., Minuto L., Orru G., Pala M. L., Passalacqua N. G., Pellegrino M., Pennesi R., Peruzzi L., Pinzani L., Pirastru G., Prosser F., Enri S. R., Roma-Marzio F., Russo G., Scoppola A., Silletti G., Stinca A., Toffolo C., Tomaselli V., Tondi G., Trenchi M., Turcato C., and Nepi C.

Abstract

In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. Two new combinations are proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.

Published
2020

10. Is the Inversion in the Trend of the Lethality of the COVID-19 in the Two Hemispheres due to the Difference in Seasons and Weather?

Author

Carta, M. G., Kalcev, G., Scano, A., Romano, F., Cossu, G., Littera, R., Perra, A., Deidda, S., Firinu, D., Del Giacco, S., Campagna, M., Chessa, L., Zorcolo, L., Restivo, A., and Orru, G.

Subjects
lethality, covid-19, climate, hemispheres, season, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Abstract

The climate has an influence on the COVID-19 virus lethality. The aim of this study is to verify if the summer weather coincided with the decrease of the Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) in Europe and if, on the contrary, an inverse trend was observed in Australia and New Zealand. To verify our hypothesis, we considered the largest European countries (Germany, UK, France, Italy, and Spain), plus Belgium and the Netherlands. Furthermore, we compared these countries with Australia and New Zealand. For each country considered, we have calculated the CFR from the beginning of the pandemic to May 6th and from May 6th to September 21st (late summer in Europe, late winter in the southern hemisphere). The CFRs were calculated from the John Hopkins University database. According to the results, in all European countries, a progressive decrease in CFR is observed. A diametrically opposite result is found in Australia where, on the contrary, the CFR is much higher at the end of September (at the end of winter) than on May 6th (mid-autumn), and the risk of dying if we count the infection is higher in September. In New Zealand, there are no statistically significant differences between the two surveys. The present study was based on public access macro data.

Published
2020
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11. Molecular pathways triggered by COVID-19 in different organs: ACE2 receptor-expressing cells under attack? A review

Author

Saba L., Gerosa C., Fanni D., Marongiu F., Nasa G. L. A., Caocci G., Barcellona D., Balestrieri A., Coghe F., Orru G., Coni P., Piras M., Ledda F., Suri J. S., Ronchi A., D'Andrea F., Cau R., Castagnola M., Faa G., Saba, L., Gerosa, C., Fanni, D., Marongiu, F., Nasa, G. L. A., Caocci, G., Barcellona, D., Balestrieri, A., Coghe, F., Orru, G., Coni, P., Piras, M., Ledda, F., Suri, J. S., Ronchi, A., D'Andrea, F., Cau, R., Castagnola, M., and Faa, G.

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, COVID -19, Molecular pathway, Fibrosi, Liver Cirrhosi, Myocarditi, ACE2, Capillary Permeability, Renin-Angiotensin System, SARS- COV-2, Atrial Fibrillation, Humans, Cytokine, Blood Coagulation, Cardiomyopathie, SARS-CoV-2, Angiotensin II, Receptors, Coronaviru, COVID-19, Thrombosis, Fibroblasts, Virus Internalization, Fibrosis, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Myocarditis, Thrombosi, Fibroblast, Cytokines, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Endothelium, Vascular, Angiotensin I, Cardiomyopathies, Cytokine Release Syndrome, Human, Receptors, Coronavirus
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In human pathology, SARS-CoV-2 utilizes multiple molecular pathways to determine structural and biochemical changes within the different organs and cell types. The clinical picture of patients with COVID-19 is characterized by a very large spectrum. The reason for this variability has not been clarified yet, causing the inability to make a prognosis on the evolution of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed search was performed focusing on the role of ACE 2 receptors in allowing the viral entry into cells, the role of ACE 2 downregulation in triggering the tissue pathology or in accelerating previous disease states, the role of increased levels of Angiotensin II in determining endothelial dysfunction and the enhanced vascular permeability, the role of the dysregulation of the renin angiotensin system in COVID-19 and the role of cytokine storm. RESULTS: The pathological changes induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the different organs, the correlations between the single cell types targeted by the virus in the different human organs and the clinical consequences, COVID-19 chronic pathologies in liver fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis and atrial arrhythmias, glomerulosclerosis and pulmonary fibrosis, due to the systemic fibroblast activation induced by angiotensin II are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: The main pathways involved showed different pathological changes in multiple tissues and the different clinical presentations. Even if ACE2 is the main receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and the main entry point into cells for the virus, ACE2 expression does not always explain the observed marked inter-individual variability in clinical presentation and outcome, evidencing the complexity of this disorder. The proper interpretation of the growing data available might allow to better classifying COVID-19 in human pathology.

Published
2020

12. Liver changes in Wilson's disease: the full spectrum. A report of 127 biopsies from 43 patients

Author

Fanni, D., Guido, M., Gerosa, C., Vallascas, V., Moi, M., Coni, P., Vallebona, E., van Eyken, P., Barcellona, D., Scano, A., Orru, G., Pampaloni, P., Castagnola, M., and Faa, G.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Steatosis, Adolescent, Histopathology, Infant, Ballooning, Fibrosis, Liver, Wilson disease, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Hepatolenticular Degeneration, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Child
Abstract

Wilson's Disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive copper overload. Several mutations of the copper pump named ATP7B have been involved. WD is difficult to diagnose mainly because of its heterogeneity of presentation. The histologic spectrum is wide and not specific, ranging from very mild changes to severe disease. The histological picture of WD may overlap different conditions, including ALD, NAFLD, viral hepatitis or autoimmune liver disease.We describe our experience on WD based on a single-center series of liver biopsies. One-hundred twenty-seven liver samples from 43 Sardinian WD patients were reviewed. The most reported pattern was steatohepatitis, accounting 82/127 biopsies (64.6%), followed by hepatitis in 25 biopsies (19.7%), and steatosis in 20 biopsies (15.7%).As for the elementary lesions, inflammation, steatosis, glycogenated nuclei and ballooning were the most frequent, being found in 107, 102, 90 and 86 biopsies out of the 127. Notably, all these lesions showed a predominant periportal location. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic pattern or in each elementary lesion between the biopsies performed at presentation and those performed during the follow-up. Lipogranuloma (significantly more numerous in the follow-up biopsies) and fibrosis (likewise significantly progressed in follow-up biopsies) were the only exceptions.Our data confirm the variability of the histological pattern in WD. However, the preferential localization of steatosis and balloon cells in periportal zone can be a useful clue for the diagnosis of WD.

Published
2021

14. Erratum: Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties (Astronomy and Astrophysics DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657)

Author

Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., De Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., Van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castaneda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Fremat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thevenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernandez-Hernandez, J., Galluccio, L., Garcia-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Gonzalez-Nunez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernandez, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janssen, K., Jevardat De Fombelle, G., Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Loffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J. -M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Van Leeuwen, M., Van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Alvarez, M. A., Alvarez Cid-Fuentes, J., Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Anglada Varela, E., Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolome, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Canovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I., Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Castro Sampol, P., Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cioni, M. -R. L., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., De Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., De Souza, R., De Teodoro, P., De Torres, A., Del Peloso, E. F., Del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., Garcia-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomel, R., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., Gonzalez-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutierrez-Sanchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmi, A., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hladczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Juaristi Campillo, J., Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszynska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Le Campion, J. -F., Le Fustec, Y., Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrom, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Madrero Pardo, P., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marcos Santos, M. M. S., Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Martin Polo, L., Martin-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., Mcmillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnar, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordenovic, C., Orru, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Penalosa Esteller, X., Penttila, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prsa, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Re Fiorentin, P., Regibo, S., Reyle, C., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gomez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Sagrista Selles, A., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Sanchez Gimenez, V., Sanna, N., Santovena, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Segransan, D., Semeux, D., Shahaf, S., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Steidelmuller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Suveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., Van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, L., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
techniques: photometric, proper motions, parallaxes, astrometry, errata, addenda, addenda, catalogs, errata
Published
2021

16. Gaia Early Data Release 3 Summary of the contents and survey properties

Author

Brown, A. G. A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. de Bruijne, J. H. J. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O. L. Evans, D. W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S. A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. and Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. and Soubiran, C. Walton, N. A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. and Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. and Lattanzi, M. G. van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. and Castaneda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. and Fouesneau, M. Fremat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. and Guiraud, J. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. Masana, E. Messineo, R. and Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. and Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G. M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thevenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. and Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. and Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. and Burgess, P. W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. and Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. and Dell'Oro, A. Fernandez-Hernandez, J. Galluccio, L. and Garcia-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Gonzalez-Nunez, J. and Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J. -L. Hambly, N. C. and Harrison, D. L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernandez, J. and Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S. T. Holl, B. Janssen, K. and Jevardat de Fombelle, G. Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. and Lanzafame, A. C. Loeffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. and Marchal, O. Marrese, P. M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. and Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J. -M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P. J. Riello, M. and Rimoldini, L. Robin, A. C. Roegiers, T. Rybizki, J. and Sarro, L. M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Ulla, A. and Utrilla, E. van Leeuwen, M. van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. and Abreu Aramburu, A. Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J. J. and Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Alvarez, M. A. Alvarez Cid-Fuentes, J. Alves, J. Anderson, R. I. Anglada Varela, E. Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S. G. Balaguer-Nunez, L. and Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. Barbato, D. and Barros, M. Barstow, M. A. Bartolome, S. Bassilana, J. -L. and Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. and Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. and Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Bossini, D. and Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. and Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. and Busonero, D. Butkevich, A. G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. and Cancelliere, R. Canovas, H. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. and Carlucci, T. Carnerero, I, M. Carrasco, J. M. and Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Castro Sampol, P. Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. Cioni, M. -R. L. Comoretto, G. Cooper, W. J. Cornez, T. Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. and Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. de Laverny, P. De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. de Souza, R. de Teodoro, P. de Torres, A. del Peloso, E. F. and del Pozo, E. Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H. E. and Delisle, J. -B. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. and Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Edvardsson, B. and Enke, H. Esquej, P. Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. and Fedorets, G. Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. and Fouron, C. Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. and Garabato, D. Garcia-Gutierrez, A. Garcia-Torres, M. and Garofalo, A. Gavras, P. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomel, R. and Gomez, A. Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. Gonzalez-Vidal, J. J. and Granvik, M. Gutierrez-Sanchez, R. Guy, L. P. Hauser, M. and Haywood, M. Helmi, A. Hidalgo, S. L. Hilger, T. and Hladczuk, N. Hobbs, D. Holland, G. Huckle, H. E. and Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P. G. Juaristi Campillo, J. Julbe, F. and Karbevska, L. Kervella, P. Khanna, S. Kochoska, A. and Kontizas, M. Kordopatis, G. Korn, A. J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. Kruszynska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A. F. Lasne, Y. and Le Campion, J. -F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. and Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. and Licata, E. Lindstrom, E. P. Lister, T. A. Livanou, E. and Lobel, A. Madrero Pardo, P. Managau, S. Mann, R. G. and Marchant, J. M. Marconi, M. Marcos Santos, M. M. S. and Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D. J. Martin Polo, L. and Martin-Fleitas, J. M. Masip, A. Massari, D. and Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P. J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N. R. Mints, A. Molina, D. and Molinaro, R. Molnar, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. and Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A. F. Munoz, D. Muraveva, T. Murphy, C. P. Musella, I. Noval, L. and Ordenovic, C. Orru, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. and Palaversa, L. Palicio, P. A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. and Penalosa Esteller, X. Penttila, A. Piersimoni, A. M. Pineau, F. -X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. and Poujoulet, E. Prsa, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. and Rainer, M. Raiteri, C. M. Rambaux, N. Ramos, P. and Ramos-Lerate, M. Re Fiorentin, P. Regibo, S. Reyle, C. and Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. and Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Romero-Gomez, M. Rowell, N. and Royer, F. Rybicki, K. A. Sadowski, G. Sagrista Selles, A. and Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. and Sanchez Gimenez, V. Sanna, N. Santovena, R. Sarasso, M. and Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J. C. and Segransan, D. Semeux, D. Shahaf, S. Siddiqui, H. I. and Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Smart, R. L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. and Spoto, F. Steele, I. A. Steidelmueller, H. Stephenson, C. A. and Suveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. and Tauran, G. Taylor, M. B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. and Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. and Vaillant, M. van Dillen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. and Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. and Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Gaia Collaboration

Abstract

Context. We present the early installment of the third Gaia data release, Gaia EDR3, consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8 billion sources brighter than magnitude 21, complemented with the list of radial velocities from Gaia DR2. Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia EDR3 is presented, accompanied by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR2 and an overview of the main limitations which are present in the survey. Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia EDR3 results. Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the first 34 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium and turned into this early third data release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR2 in terms of astrometric and photometric precision, accuracy, and homogeneity. Results. Gaia EDR3 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.8 billion sources. For 1.5 billion of those sources, parallaxes, proper motions, and the (G(BP) - G(RP)) colour are also available. The passbands for G, G(BP), and G(RP) are provided as part of the release. For ease of use, the 7 million radial velocities from Gaia DR2 are included in this release, after the removal of a small number of spurious values. New radial velocities will appear as part of Gaia DR3. Finally, Gaia EDR3 represents an updated materialisation of the celestial reference frame (CRF) in the optical, the Gaia-CRF3, which is based solely on extragalactic sources. The creation of the source list for Gaia EDR3 includes enhancements that make it more robust with respect to high proper motion stars, and the disturbing effects of spurious and partially resolved sources. The source list is largely the same as that for Gaia DR2, but it does feature new sources and there are some notable changes. The source list will not change for Gaia DR3. Conclusions. Gaia EDR3 represents a significant advance over Gaia DR2, with parallax precisions increased by 30 per cent, proper motion precisions increased by a factor of 2, and the systematic errors in the astrometry suppressed by 30-40% for the parallaxes and by a factor similar to 2.5 for the proper motions. The photometry also features increased precision, but above all much better homogeneity across colour, magnitude, and celestial position. A single passband for G, G(BP), and G(RP) is valid over the entire magnitude and colour range, with no systematics above the 1% level

Published
2021

17. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties (vol 649, A1, 2021)

Author

Brown, A. G. A. Vallenari, A. Prusti, T. de Bruijne, J. H. J. Babusiaux, C. Biermann, M. Creevey, O. L. Evans, D. W. Eyer, L. Hutton, A. Jansen, F. Jordi, C. Klioner, S. A. Lammers, U. Lindegren, L. Luri, X. Mignard, F. and Panem, C. Pourbaix, D. Randich, S. Sartoretti, P. and Soubiran, C. Walton, N. A. Arenou, F. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. and Bastian, U. Cropper, M. Drimmel, R. Katz, D. and Lattanzi, M. G. van Leeuwen, F. Bakker, J. Cacciari, C. and Castaneda, J. De Angeli, F. Ducourant, C. Fabricius, C. and Fouesneau, M. Fremat, Y. Guerra, R. Guerrier, A. and Guiraud, J. Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine Masana, E. Messineo, R. and Mowlavi, N. Nicolas, C. Nienartowicz, K. Pailler, F. and Panuzzo, P. Riclet, F. Roux, W. Seabroke, G. M. Sordo, R. Tanga, P. Thevenin, F. Gracia-Abril, G. Portell, J. and Teyssier, D. Altmann, M. Andrae, R. Bellas-Velidis, I. and Benson, K. Berthier, J. Blomme, R. Brugaletta, E. and Burgess, P. W. Busso, G. Carry, B. Cellino, A. Cheek, N. and Clementini, G. Damerdji, Y. Davidson, M. Delchambre, L. and Dell'Oro, A. Fernandez-Hernandez, J. Galluccio, L. and Garcia-Lario, P. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Gonzalez-Nunez, J. and Gosset, E. Haigron, R. Halbwachs, J. -L. Hambly, N. C. and Harrison, D. L. Hatzidimitriou, D. Heiter, U. Hernandez, J. and Hestroffer, D. Hodgkin, S. T. Holl, B. Janssen, K. and de Fombelle, G. Jevardat Jordan, S. Krone-Martins, A. and Lanzafame, A. C. Loffler, W. Lorca, A. Manteiga, M. and Marchal, O. Marrese, P. M. Moitinho, A. Mora, A. and Muinonen, K. Osborne, P. Pancino, E. Pauwels, T. Petit, J. -M. Recio-Blanco, A. Richards, P. J. Riello, M. and Rimoldini, L. Robin, A. C. Roegiers, T. Rybizki, J. and Sarro, L. M. Siopis, C. Smith, M. Sozzetti, A. Ulla, A. and Utrilla, E. van Leeuwen, M. van Reeven, W. Abbas, U. and Aramburu, A. Abreu Accart, S. Aerts, C. Aguado, J. J. and Ajaj, M. Altavilla, G. Alvarez, M. A. Cid-Fuentes, J. Alvarez Alves, J. Anderson, R. I. Varela, E. Anglada and Antoja, T. Audard, M. Baines, D. Baker, S. G. and Balaguer-Nunez, L. Balbinot, E. Balog, Z. Barache, C. and Barbato, D. Barros, M. Barstow, M. A. Bartolome, S. and Bassilana, J. -L. Bauchet, N. Baudesson-Stella, A. Becciani, U. Bellazzini, M. Bernet, M. Bertone, S. Bianchi, L. and Blanco-Cuaresma, S. Boch, T. Bombrun, A. Bossini, D. and Bouquillon, S. Bragaglia, A. Bramante, L. Breedt, E. and Bressan, A. Brouillet, N. Bucciarelli, B. Burlacu, A. and Busonero, D. Butkevich, A. G. Buzzi, R. Caffau, E. and Cancelliere, R. Canovas, H. Cantat-Gaudin, T. Carballo, R. and Carlucci, T. Carnerero, M. I. Carrasco, J. M. and Casamiquela, L. Castellani, M. Castro-Ginard, A. Sampol, P. Castro Chaoul, L. Charlot, P. Chemin, L. Chiavassa, A. and Cioni, M. -R. L. Comoretto, G. Cooper, W. J. Cornez, T. and Cowell, S. Crifo, F. Crosta, M. Crowley, C. Dafonte, C. Dapergolas, A. David, M. David, P. de Laverny, P. and De Luise, F. De March, R. De Ridder, J. de Souza, R. de Teodoro, P. de Torres, A. del Peloso, E. F. del Pozo, E. and Delbo, M. Delgado, A. Delgado, H. E. Delisle, J. -B. Di Matteo, P. Diakite, S. Diener, C. Distefano, E. Dolding, C. Eappachen, D. Edvardsson, B. Enke, H. Esquej, P. and Fabre, C. Fabrizio, M. Faigler, S. Fedorets, G. and Fernique, P. Fienga, A. Figueras, F. Fouron, C. and Fragkoudi, F. Fraile, E. Franke, F. Gai, M. Garabato, D. and Garcia-Gutierrez, A. Garcia-Torres, M. Garofalo, A. and Gavras, P. Gerlach, E. Geyer, R. Giacobbe, P. Gilmore, G. Girona, S. Giuffrida, G. Gomel, R. Gomez, A. and Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. Gonzalez-Vidal, J. J. Granvik, M. and Gutierrez-Sanchez, R. Guy, L. P. Hauser, M. Haywood, M. and Helmi, A. Hidalgo, S. L. Hilger, T. Hladczuk, N. Hobbs, D. Holland, G. Huckle, H. E. Jasniewicz, G. Jonker, P. G. Campillo, J. Juaristi Julbe, F. Karbevska, L. and Kervella, P. Khanna, S. Kochoska, A. Kontizas, M. and Kordopatis, G. Korn, A. J. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. and Kruszynska, K. Lambert, S. Lanza, A. F. Lasne, Y. Le Campion, J. -F. Le Fustec, Y. Lebreton, Y. Lebzelter, T. and Leccia, S. Leclerc, N. Lecoeur-Taibi, I. Liao, S. and Licata, E. Lindstrom, H. E. P. Lister, T. A. Livanou, E. and Lobel, A. Pardo, P. Madrero Managau, S. Mann, R. G. and Marchant, J. M. Marconi, M. Santos, M. M. S. Marcos and Marinoni, S. Marocco, F. Marshall, D. J. Polo, L. Martin and Martin-Fleitas, J. M. Masip, A. Massari, D. and Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. Mazeh, T. McMillan, P. J. Messina, S. Michalik, D. Millar, N. R. Mints, A. Molina, D. and Molinaro, R. Molnar, L. Montegriffo, P. Mor, R. and Morbidelli, R. Morel, T. Morris, D. Mulone, A. F. Munoz, D. Muraveva, T. Murphy, C. P. Musella, I. Noval, L. and Ordenovic, C. Orru, G. Osinde, J. Pagani, C. Pagano, I. and Palaversa, L. Palicio, P. A. Panahi, A. Pawlak, M. and Esteller, X. Penalosa Penttila, A. Piersimoni, A. M. Pineau, F. -X. Plachy, E. Plum, G. Poggio, E. Poretti, E. and Poujoulet, E. Prsa, A. Pulone, L. Racero, E. Ragaini, S. and Rainer, M. Raiteri, C. M. Rambaux, N. Ramos, P. and Ramos-Lerate, M. Fiorentin, P. Re Regibo, S. Reyle, C. and Ripepi, V. Riva, A. Rixon, G. Robichon, N. Robin, C. and Roelens, M. Rohrbasser, L. Romero-Gomez, M. Rowell, N. and Royer, F. Rybicki, K. A. Sadowski, G. Selles, A. Sagrista and Sahlmann, J. Salgado, J. Salguero, E. Samaras, N. and Gimenez, V. Sanchez Sanna, N. Santovena, R. Sarasso, M. and Schultheis, M. Sciacca, E. Segol, M. Segovia, J. C. and Segransan, D. Semeux, D. Shahaf, S. Siddiqui, H. I. and Siebert, A. Siltala, L. Slezak, E. Smart, R. L. Solano, E. Solitro, F. Souami, D. Souchay, J. Spagna, A. and Spoto, F. Steele, I. A. Steidelmuller, H. Stephenson, C. A. and Suveges, M. Szabados, L. Szegedi-Elek, E. Taris, F. and Tauran, G. Taylor, M. B. Teixeira, R. Thuillot, W. and Tonello, N. Torra, F. Torra, J. Turon, C. Unger, N. and Vaillant, M. van Dillen, E. Vanel, O. Vecchiato, A. and Viala, Y. Vicente, D. Voutsinas, S. Weiler, M. Wevers, T. Wyrzykowski, L. Yoldas, A. Yvard, P. Zhao, H. and Zorec, J. Zucker, S. Zurbach, C. Zwitter, T. Gaia Collaboration

Published
2021

20. Fetal programming of atherosclerosis: may the barker hypothesis explain the susceptibility of a subset of patients to develop stroke or cardiac infarct?

Author

GEROSA, C., FAA, G., FANNI, D., CERRONE, G., SURI, J. S., BARCELLONA, D., CONI, P., CONGIU, T., LAI, M. L., PIRAS, M., CAU, F., COGHE, F., BALESTRIERI, A., CAU, R., ORRU', G., SCANO, A., VAN EYKEN, P., LA NASA, G., CAMPAGNA, M., and CASTAGNOLA, M.

Abstract

The risk stratification of young adults between subjects who will develop a mild form of atherosclerosis and subjects who will undergo a severe disease remains inaccurate. In the eighties of the previous century, David JP Barker has demonstrated the relationship between fetal conditions and occurrence of pathologies in adulthood. In this paper, the multiple evidence that might explain the increased susceptibility to severe forms of atherosclerosis, including stroke and cardiac infarct, in subjects who underwent intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) will be analyzed. Specifically, we will review those inter-connected data indicating an association between a low weight at birth and an adult phenotype which might favor a severe outcome of atherosclerosis. Young and adult subjects born too small (IUGR) or too early (pre-terms) might represent a subgroup of "at risk subjects", more susceptible toward severe forms of atherosclerosis. Given that low birth weight (LBW) may be considered a surrogate of IUGR, this phenotypic feature could be considered among those indispensable clinical data collected in every patient presenting with atherosclerosis, irrespectively of age. According to the hypothesis that structural arterial changes might represent the link between LBW and susceptibility to atherosclerosis later in life, we suggest that the prevention of atherosclerosis should begin at birth. Regenerative and physiological substances such as thymosin Beta-4 could be challenged for a new "arterial regenerative medicine" in the perinatal period. The goal of this new approach should be the reinforcement of the structure of the arterial wall, allowing LBW newborns to avoid the most severe complications of atherosclerosis later in life: a dream that our research could contribute to bringing to life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

22. Fetal programming of COVID-19: may the barker hypothesis explain the susceptibility of a subset of young adults to develop severe disease?

Author

GEROSA, C., FAA, G., FANNI, D., MANCHIA, M., SURI, J. S., RAVARINO, A., BARCELLONA, D., PICHIRI, G., CONI, P., CONGIU, T., PIRAS, M., CERRONE, G., CAU, F., LEDDA, F., AIMOLA, V., COGHE, F., PORCU, M., CAU, R., ORRU’, G., and VAN EYKEN, P.

Abstract

The risk stratification of young adults between subjects who will develop a mild form COVID-19 and subjects who will undergo a severe disease remains inaccurate. In this review, we propose that the Barker hypothesis might explain the increased susceptibility to severe forms of COVID-19 in subjects who underwent intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In this paper evidence indicating an association between a low birth weight and an adult phenotype which might favor a severe outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection are presented: lower lung functional capacity; increased respiratory morbidity; changes in fibrinogen and Factor VII serum levels and dysregulation of the hemostasis and thrombosis system; acquisition of a pro-thrombotic phenotype; low nephron number, with decreased ability to sustain renal function and increased renal morbidity; heart remodeling, with a less efficient cardiac function; endothelial dysfunction, a risk factor for the insurgence of the multiple organ failure; remodeling of arteries, with changes in the elastic properties of the arterial wall, predisposing to the insurgence and progression of atherosclerosis; dysfunction of the innate immune system, a risk factor for immune diseases in adulthood. These data suggest that young and adult subjects born too small (IUGR) or too early (pre-terms) might represent a subgroup of “at risk subjects”, more susceptible toward severe forms of COVID-19. Given that LBW may be considered a surrogate of IUGR, this phenotypic marker should be included among the indispensable clinical data collected in every patient presenting with SARSCOV- 2 infection, irrespectively of his/her age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

23. An Investigation of the Impact of a Social Constructivist Teaching Approach, based on Trigger Questions, Through Measures of Mental Workload and Efficiency

Author

Orru, G., Gobbo, F., O’Sullivan, D., Longo, L., McLaren, B.M., Reilly, R., Zvacek, S., Uhomoibhi, J.O., and ACLC (FGw)

Subjects
Social Constructivism, Computer science, Concept map, Computer Sciences, Performance, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Trigger questions, Workload, Collaborative learning, Efficiency, Cognitive Load Measurement, Concept Maps, Cognitive Load Theory, Human–computer interaction, Constructivism (philosophy of education), 0502 economics and business, Cognitivism (psychology), Position paper, 050211 marketing, 0503 education, Social constructivism, Cognitivism, Cognitive load
Abstract

Social constructivism is grounded on the construction of information with a focus on collaborative learning through social interactions. However, it tends to ignore the human mental architecture, pillar of cognitivism. A characteristic of cognitivism is that instructional designs built upon it are generally explicit, contrarily to constructivism. This position paper proposes a novel learning task that is aimed at combining both the approaches through the use of trigger questions in a collaborative activity executed after a traditional delivery of instructions. To evaluate this new task, a metric of efficiency based upon a measure of mental workload and a measure of performance is proposed. The former measure is taken from Ergonomics, and two well know subjective self-reporting mental workload assessment techniques are envisioned. The latter measure is taken from an objective quantitative assessment of the performance of learners employing concept maps.

Published
2018

24. Mycobacterium tuberculosisDrug Resistance, Abkhazia

Author

Pardini M., Iona E., Varaine F., Karakozian H., Arzumanian H., Brunori L., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M. R., Meacci F., Trappetti C., Checchi F., Bonnet M., Andrew P. W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., Jarosz T., Pardini M., Iona E., Varaine F., Karakozian H., Arzumanian H., Brunori L., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M.R., Meacci F., Trappetti C., Checchi F., Bonnet M., Andrew P.W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., and Jarosz T.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Capreomycin, Epidemiology, Abkhazia, Antitubercular Agents, letter, lcsh:Medicine, Drug resistance, Pharmacology, Georgia (Republic), lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Internal medicine, MDR, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Humans, antituberculous agents, Medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, tuberculosi, Letters to the Editor, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Ethambutol, drug resistance, business.industry, lcsh:R, Isoniazid, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, tuberculosis, Streptomycin, Ethionamide, Ofloxacin, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

To the Editor: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has been identified as a major problem in the former Soviet Union, and was recently surveyed in the Aral Sea regions of Dashoguz (Turkmenistan) and Karakalpakstan (Uzbekistan) (1). However, few data are available for the Caucasian region and published reports have focused mainly on prisons (2,3). We report a drug resistance survey for first- and second-line anti-TB drugs conducted in Abkhazia, a Caucasian region of 8,600 km2 with approximately 250,000 inhabitants, at the western end of Georgia on the Black Sea. The collapse of the Soviet Union lead to disruption of TB control activities in all Eastern bloc regions (4). In Abkhazia, the shortage and poor quality of drugs, self-medication, and poor adherence to the therapy became even more evident during the war with Georgia in 1993 and the international embargo that followed. A TB program based on the World Health Organization/International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (WHO/IUATLD) recommendations was initiated in Abkhazia with the support of Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) in 1999. In 2000, monitoring of drug resistance was started for new cases and previously treated case-patients. The study was performed in collaboration with the Guliripchi TB Hospital, MSF, and the Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS), a WHO/IUATLD Supranational Reference Laboratory for anti-TB drug resistance. Sputa were collected from all patients attending Guliripchi TB Hospital in Sukhumi, the capital of Abkhazia, from September 2000 to April 2004. Patients were either referred by their practitioners or came spontaneously because TB was suspected. Diagnosis, treatment, and hospitalization were provided free. Samples were treated as previously described (5). Of 489 sputa collected from individual patients, 447 were culture positive (246 from new case-patients and 201 from previously treated case-patients) and 42 were culture negative; of these, >90% showed a negative, doubtful, or 1+ smear result. Susceptibility to first-line (streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol) and second-line (kanamycin, ethionamide, capreomycin, cycloserine, p-aminosalicylic acid, and ofloxacin) drugs was determined by the proportion method on Middlebrook 7H10 agar. The critical concentrations used were streptomycin, 2 µg/mL; isoniazid, 0.2 µg/mL; rifampin, 1 µg/mL; ethambutol, 5 µg/mL; kanamycin, 5 µg/mL; ethionamide, 5 µg/mL; capreomycin, 10 µg/mL; p-aminosalicylic acid, 2 µg/mL; and ofloxacin, 2 µg/mL (6–8). Cycloserine was used at a concentration of 30 µg/mL (9). If a strain was resistant to >1 first-line drugs, the susceptibility to all second-line drugs was determined. Data on resistance to the first- and second-line drugs are given in the Table. The strains isolated from 35.8% of the new cases and 57.2% of the previously treated case-patients were resistant to >1 first-line drugs. The highest monoresistance was seen for isoniazid and streptomycin in both new and previously treated case-patients, while monoresistance to rifampin and ethambutol was low ( 1 second-line drugs. Table First-line and second line antituberculosis drug resistance in 447 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains collected in Abkhazia from September 2000 to April 2004* Few data have been reported on drug resistance to first- and second-line drugs in the former Soviet Union and in the Caucasian region (1–4). Overall, in Abkhazia, monoresistance to isoniazid was higher than in Karakalpakstan and Dashoguz (1), while monoresistance to streptomycin was lower. MDR-TB in new and previously treated case-patients showed levels intermediate between these 2 regions. Resistance to kanamycin and ethionamide was 14.3% and 12.8%, respectively, while resistance to ofloxacin was low (1.5%). Fluoroquinolones have not been commonly used in Abkhazia and former regions of the Soviet Union. Currently, regimens for the treatment of MDR-TB in Abkhazia combine an intensive phase for a minimum of 6 months with at least 4 drugs to which the MTB strain is susceptible, including 1 parenteral agent and 1 fluoroquinolone (ofloxacin), followed by a continuation phase of at least 15 months with >3 drugs. This is the first survey reporting drug susceptibility data for MTB within the Caucasus. It indicates that the prevalence of MDR strains is similar to that in other central Asia regions (1). Our results are representative of the present situation in Abkhazia since sampling systematically covered all TB cases for the period examined. The Guliripchi TB Hospital of Sukhumi is the only TB treatment center in the region, and all cases were included in the study. Overall, our data show that second-line drug resistance is present in Abkhazia, particularly among cases with MDR, and suggest the adoption of strategies for access and correct use of second-line drugs (10).

Published
2005
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25. Pseudomonas spp. isolated in diary herds. A new protocol with PCR real time by using 'DUAL FRET' probes for ovine mastitis

Author

Orru G, Oggioni MR, Mandas D, Melis E, Trappetti C, Braina V, Liciardi M, Orru G, Oggioni MR, Mandas D, Melis E, Trappetti C, Braina V, and Liciardi M

Subjects
diagnostics
Abstract

A novel and rapid realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular approach for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens and P. putida in biofilms in sheep dairy farms is described. This strategy is based on early detection of the subsequent rate: Pseudomonas vs. total bacteria in biofilm specimens using particular bi-functional FRET oligonucleotide probes named DUAL-FRET.

Published
2009

26. Pyrazinamide resistance in multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Abkhazia

Author

Pardini M., Varaine F., Hewison C., Iona E., Pataracchia M., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M. R., Meacci F., D'Amato V., Andrew P. W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., Bonnet M., Jarosz T., Pardini M., Varaine F., Hewison C., Iona E., Pataracchia M., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M.R., Meacci F., D'Amato V., Andrew P.W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., Bonnet M., and Jarosz T.

Subjects
Pharmacology, biology, business.industry, Antitubercular Agents, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pyrazinamide, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Microbiology, Multiple drug resistance, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), tuberculosis, drug resistance, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains, i.e. strains resistant at least to isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RMP), the two most powerful first-line drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), represents a worldwide health care problem. Patients with MDR strains should receive therapy based on individual drug susceptibility testing (DST) 1 including residual first-line (streptomycin, SM; ethambutol, EMB; and pyrazinamide, PZA) and second-line (ofloxacin, kanamycin, capreomycin, ethionamide, p-aminosalicylic acid, cycloserine) anti-TB drugs.

Published
2007

27. Violence against women and mental health

Author

Amorosi, M., Atti, A. R., Botter, V., Calo, P., Clemente, P., De Ronchi, D., Ferrari, S., Iacopini, P., Lorettu, L., Orru, G., Roncone, R., Zuccolin, M., and Martino, C.

Published
2012

29. Carbohydrate Availability Regulates Virulence Gene Expression in Streptococcus suis

Author

Ferrando, M.L., Baarlen, P. van, Orru, G., Piga, R., Bongers, R.S., Wels, M.W., Greeff, A. De, Smith, H.E., Wells, J.M., Ferrando, M.L., Baarlen, P. van, Orru, G., Piga, R., Bongers, R.S., Wels, M.W., Greeff, A. De, Smith, H.E., and Wells, J.M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 127539.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), Streptococcus suis is a major bacterial pathogen of young pigs causing worldwide economic problems for the pig industry. S. suis is also an emerging pathogen of humans. Colonization of porcine oropharynx by S. suis is considered to be a high risk factor for invasive disease. In the oropharyngeal cavity, where glucose is rapidly absorbed but dietary alpha-glucans persist, there is a profound effect of carbohydrate availability on the expression of virulence genes. Nineteen predicted or confirmed S. suis virulence genes that promote adhesion to and invasion of epithelial cells were expressed at higher levels when S. suis was supplied with the alpha-glucan starch/pullulan compared to glucose as the single carbon source. Additionally the production of suilysin, a toxin that damages epithelial cells, was increased more than ten-fold when glucose levels were low and S. suis was growing on pullulan. Based on biochemical, bioinformatics and in vitro and in vivo gene expression studies, we developed a biological model that postulates the effect of carbon catabolite repression on expression of virulence genes in the mucosa, organs and blood. This research increases our understanding of S. suis virulence mechanisms and has important implications for the design of future control strategies including the development of anti-infective strategies by modulating animal feed composition.

Published
2014

37. Preliminary assessment of a cement-based stabilisation/solidification treatment of mine tailings using natural and artificial additives.

Author

Desogus P., Mine planning and equipment selection: MPES 2012 New Delhi, India 28-Nov-1230-Nov-12, Manca P.P., Orru G., Desogus P., Mine planning and equipment selection: MPES 2012 New Delhi, India 28-Nov-1230-Nov-12, Manca P.P., and Orru G.

Abstract

The use of clay and cement to restrict the mobility of heavy metals in flotation tailings was investigated in the laboratory, with the aim of using the tailings for mining backfill. The tailings under test came from dumps at Masua in Sardinia where lead and zinc carbonate and sulphide ores from the surrounding area had been treated. The tailings contained high levels of Cd (56.2 mg/kg), Pb (2 354 mg/kg) and Zn (7 860 mg/kg). Two types of pozzolanic cement were tested, as well as fly ash, montmorillonite and bentonite clays. It was found that a mixture of 5% cement and 2% clay reduced the level of heavy metals in the leachates, with the level of Pb being below that of the Italian legal limit for groundwater., The use of clay and cement to restrict the mobility of heavy metals in flotation tailings was investigated in the laboratory, with the aim of using the tailings for mining backfill. The tailings under test came from dumps at Masua in Sardinia where lead and zinc carbonate and sulphide ores from the surrounding area had been treated. The tailings contained high levels of Cd (56.2 mg/kg), Pb (2 354 mg/kg) and Zn (7 860 mg/kg). Two types of pozzolanic cement were tested, as well as fly ash, montmorillonite and bentonite clays. It was found that a mixture of 5% cement and 2% clay reduced the level of heavy metals in the leachates, with the level of Pb being below that of the Italian legal limit for groundwater.

Published
2012

40. A RETROSPECTIVE PILOT STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE, BEHAVIORAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS IN A SAMPLE OF PATIENTS WITH EARLY DEMENTIA OF ALZHEIMER TYPE

Author

Coin, A., primary, Najjar, M., additional, Catanzaro, S., additional, Orru, G., additional, Sampietro, S., additional, Sergi, G., additional, Manzato, E., additional, Perissinotto, E., additional, Rinaldi, G., additional, Sarti, S., additional, Imoscopi, A., additional, Ruggiero, E., additional, and Girardi, A., additional

Published
2009
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47. Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance Abkhazia [3]

Author

Pardini, M., Iona, E., Varaine, F., Karakozian, H., Arzumanian, H., Brunori, L., Orefici, G., Lanfranco Fattorini, Oggioni, M. R., Meacci, F., Trappetti, C., Checchi, F., Bonnet, M., Andrew, P. W., Barer, M., Yesilkaya, H., Rinder, H., Rüsch-Gerdes, S., Niemann, S., Orru, G., and Jarosz, T.

48. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties (vol 649, A1, 2021)

Author

Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Biermann, M., Creevey, O. L., Evans, D. W., Eyer, L., Hutton, A., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Soubiran, C., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., van Leeuwen, F., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castaneda, J., De Angeli, F., Ducourant, C., Fabricius, C., Fouesneau, M., Fremat, Y., Guerra, R., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine, Masana, E., Messineo, R., Mowlavi, N., Nicolas, C., Nienartowicz, K., Pailler, F., Panuzzo, P., Riclet, F., Roux, W., Seabroke, G. M., Sordo, R., Tanga, P., Thevenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Portell, J., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Brugaletta, E., Burgess, P. W., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Cheek, N., Clementini, G., Damerdji, Y., Davidson, M., Delchambre, L., Dell'Oro, A., Fernandez-Hernandez, J., Galluccio, L., Garcia-Lario, P., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Gonzalez-Nunez, J., Gosset, E., Haigron, R., Halbwachs, J. -L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hatzidimitriou, D., Heiter, U., Hernandez, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holl, B., Janssen, K., de Fombelle, G. Jevardat, Jordan, S., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Loffler, W., Lorca, A., Manteiga, M., Marchal, O., Marrese, P. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osborne, P., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J. -M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Riello, M., Rimoldini, L., Robin, A. C., Roegiers, T., Rybizki, J., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., van Leeuwen, M., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Aramburu, A. Abreu, Accart, S., Aerts, C., Aguado, J. J., Ajaj, M., Altavilla, G., Alvarez, M. A., Cid-Fuentes, J. Alvarez, Alves, J., Anderson, R. I., Varela, E. Anglada, Antoja, T., Audard, M., Baines, D., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Nunez, L., Balbinot, E., Balog, Z., Barache, C., Barbato, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartolome, S., Bassilana, J. -L., Bauchet, N., Baudesson-Stella, A., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Bernet, M., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Bombrun, A., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breedt, E., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Canovas, H., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carnerero, M. I., Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Sampol, P. Castro, Chaoul, L., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cioni, M. -R. L., Comoretto, G., Cooper, W. J., Cornez, T., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Dafonte, C., Dapergolas, A., David, M., David, P., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., De Ridder, J., de Souza, R., de Teodoro, P., de Torres, A., del Peloso, E. F., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Delisle, J. -B., Di Matteo, P., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Eappachen, D., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Esquej, P., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Fienga, A., Figueras, F., Fouron, C., Fragkoudi, F., Fraile, E., Franke, F., Gai, M., Garabato, D., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., Garcia-Torres, M., Garofalo, A., Gavras, P., Gerlach, E., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomel, R., Gomez, A., Gonzalez-Santamaria, I., Gonzalez-Vidal, J. J., Granvik, M., Gutierrez-Sanchez, R., Guy, L. P., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Helmi, A., Hidalgo, S. L., Hilger, T., Hladczuk, N., Hobbs, D., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Jasniewicz, G., Jonker, P. G., Campillo, J. Juaristi, Julbe, F., Karbevska, L., Kervella, P., Khanna, S., Kochoska, A., Kontizas, M., Kordopatis, G., Korn, A. J., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kruszynska, K., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Le Campion, J. -F., Le Fustec, Y., Lebreton, Y., Lebzelter, T., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrom, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., Pardo, P. Madrero, Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Santos, M. M. S. Marcos, Marinoni, S., Marocco, F., Marshall, D. J., Polo, L. Martin, Martin-Fleitas, J. M., Masip, A., Massari, D., Mastrobuono-Battisti, A., Mazeh, T., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Mints, A., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnar, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Munoz, D., Muraveva, T., Murphy, C. P., Musella, I., Noval, L., Ordenovic, C., Orru, G., Osinde, J., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Palaversa, L., Palicio, P. A., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Esteller, X. Penalosa, Penttila, A., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F. -X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poretti, E., Poujoulet, E., Prsa, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rainer, M., Raiteri, C. M., Rambaux, N., Ramos, P., Ramos-Lerate, M., Fiorentin, P. Re, Regibo, S., Reyle, C., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rixon, G., Robichon, N., Robin, C., Roelens, M., Rohrbasser, L., Romero-Gomez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Rybicki, K. A., Sadowski, G., Selles, A. Sagrista, Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Samaras, N., Gimenez, V. Sanchez, Sanna, N., Santovena, R., Sarasso, M., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Segransan, D., Semeux, D., Shahaf, S., Siddiqui, H. I., Siebert, A., Siltala, L., Slezak, E., Smart, R. L., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Souami, D., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Steele, I. A., Steidelmuller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Suveges, M., Szabados, L., Szegedi-Elek, E., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Thuillot, W., Tonello, N., Torra, F., Torra, J., Turon, C., Unger, N., Vaillant, M., van Dillen, E., Vanel, O., Vecchiato, A., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Voutsinas, S., Weiler, M., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, L., Yoldas, A., Yvard, P., Zhao, H., Zorec, J., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., and Zwitter, T.

Subjects
techniques: photometric, proper motions, parallaxes, astrometry, errata, addenda, catalogs

49. Beneficiation of a gold-bearing enargite ore by flotation and As leaching with Na-hypochlorite.

Author

Curreli L., Ghiani M., Orru G., Surracco M., Curreli L., Ghiani M., Orru G., and Surracco M.

Abstract

The deep mineralised bodies of the Italian Serrenti-Furtei Au-bearing deposit, southern Sardinia, contain substantial amounts of enargite-luzonite and pyrite with subordinate tennantite, covellite, chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite. The Au occurs as grains of between a few tens of micrometres and submicron size and is not amenable to direct cyanidation. The ores are beneficiated by bulk flotation using sulphydryl collectors and the resulting concentrates are pyrometallurgically processed to produce Au and Cu. However, the concentrates contain significant amounts of As. An investigation was carried out into the leaching of enargite using sodium hypochlorite to dissolve the As selectively. By adjusting the main process variables 96% As removal was achieved without significant Au and Cu losses, increasing the commercial value per tonne of concentrate., The deep mineralised bodies of the Italian Serrenti-Furtei Au-bearing deposit, southern Sardinia, contain substantial amounts of enargite-luzonite and pyrite with subordinate tennantite, covellite, chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite. The Au occurs as grains of between a few tens of micrometres and submicron size and is not amenable to direct cyanidation. The ores are beneficiated by bulk flotation using sulphydryl collectors and the resulting concentrates are pyrometallurgically processed to produce Au and Cu. However, the concentrates contain significant amounts of As. An investigation was carried out into the leaching of enargite using sodium hypochlorite to dissolve the As selectively. By adjusting the main process variables 96% As removal was achieved without significant Au and Cu losses, increasing the commercial value per tonne of concentrate.

50. Assessment of environmental hazards at abandoned mining sites: a case study in Sardinia, Italy.

Author

Cidu R., Dadea C., Desogus P., Fanfani L., Manca P.P., Orru G., Cidu R., Dadea C., Desogus P., Fanfani L., Manca P.P., and Orru G.

Abstract

Several Pb-Zn mines in the Rio Mannu basin near Narcao (SW Sardinia) are now abandoned, pose a serious risk to the population and required an assessment of the hazard sources and contaminant pathways in the area. Samples of soil, stream sediment, fine-grained ore-processing waste, surface water and groundwater have been analysed. The Rosas mine was recognised as the most contaminated area in the basin, due to the presence of a large tailing pond, some fine-grained waste piles and two mine adits with concentrations of toxic elements As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn exceeding Italian regulatory standards. The dispersion of the contaminants occurs downstream from the small stream draining the area. Results show that the characterisation plan is a relatively cheap tool for establishing mitigation actions, prior to the realisation of a complete, and usually expensive, remediation project at abandoned mine sites. Urgent recommendations in this area include the treatment of the adit water prior to its discharge into the Rio Barisonis; the construction of drainage barriers on waste piles to reduce runoff and solid transport; and the consolidation of the earthen dam containing the tailing pond of Rosas to avoid deepening of erosion furrows that may threaten its stability., Several Pb-Zn mines in the Rio Mannu basin near Narcao (SW Sardinia) are now abandoned, pose a serious risk to the population and required an assessment of the hazard sources and contaminant pathways in the area. Samples of soil, stream sediment, fine-grained ore-processing waste, surface water and groundwater have been analysed. The Rosas mine was recognised as the most contaminated area in the basin, due to the presence of a large tailing pond, some fine-grained waste piles and two mine adits with concentrations of toxic elements As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn exceeding Italian regulatory standards. The dispersion of the contaminants occurs downstream from the small stream draining the area. Results show that the characterisation plan is a relatively cheap tool for establishing mitigation actions, prior to the realisation of a complete, and usually expensive, remediation project at abandoned mine sites. Urgent recommendations in this area include the treatment of the adit water prior to its discharge into the Rio Barisonis; the construction of drainage barriers on waste piles to reduce runoff and solid transport; and the consolidation of the earthen dam containing the tailing pond of Rosas to avoid deepening of erosion furrows that may threaten its stability.

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