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Background: It is known that malignant melanoma (MM) survivors are at increased risk of future primary MM. However, the risk for noncutaneous second primary malignancies (SPMs) is not as well-understood., Methods: An observational study utilizing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was performed, assessing data from patients diagnosed with primary cutaneous MM to measure overall, as well as specific, tumor type and risk of SPM., Results: Of the 132,438 patients recruited in the study population (mean age 55.5 years; 54% male), 23,794 SPMs were observed (O) (18% of patients at a mean age of 68.8 years), while 17,923 SPMs were expected (E) to occur (O : E 1.33, 95% CI 1.31-1.34). Excluding cutaneous MM occurring as a new primary malignancy, there was a significantly increased risk for SPMs among cutaneous MM survivors for each of the following tumor types: eye and orbit melanoma, tracheal, thyroid, salivary gland, retroperitoneum, small intestine, kidney, lymphoid and hematopoietic system, lymphoma overall, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia overall, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, male genital system (including prostate), and breast. Certain gender-specific trends for SPMs were also detected., Conclusions: Patients with primary cutaneous MM are at increased risk for primary noncutaneous MM as well as noncutaneous SPMs that include numerous tumor types. Enhanced oncologic surveillance for a variety of tumor types in melanoma survivors is warranted., (© 2020 The International Society of Dermatology.)

Background: Although literature demonstrates a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in individuals with various cancers, including squamous cell cancers (SCC) and basal cell cancers (BCC) comprising non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), there is a paucity of literature to substantiate an association between malignant melanoma (MM) and AD., Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between MM and AD as well as for NMSC and AD., Methods: A large urban, Midwestern, US, single-centre, medical record (EMR) data repository was searched between January 2001 and December 2015, to identify all patients at age ≥60 and <89 years with a clinic follow-up of at least 1 year and no diagnosis for AD, MM or NMSC at the time of the study entry. Data collected included age, gender, race and duration of follow-up. MM and NMSC were detected by ICD-9 codes and ICD-10 codes. Incident diagnosis of AD was also detected by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs)., Results: Data for a total of 82 925 patients with known race and gender and were detected. After adjusting for confounding factors (race, gender, age, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease and diabetes), there was a significant decreased risk of subsequent AD in patients with MM (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16-0.96; P = 0.042) as well as in patients with BCC (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08-0.45; P < 0.0001) and for patients with SCC (OR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.56; P = 0.013)., Conclusion: These findings add to the growing body of evidence for a decreased risk of AD in patients with various cancers and highlight the need for ongoing research to elucidate both neurologic and biologic mechanisms that may underlie this apparent inverse association., (© 2018 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.)

Introduction: Skin cancers, including both malignant melanoma (MM) and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), are the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the US. The incidence of both MM and NMSC continues to rise., Areas Covered: Current evidence for an association between four of the most commonly prescribed classes of drugs in the U.S. and risk for MM and NMSC is reported. Medline was searched (January 2000 to May 2017) for each drug in the classes and for 'basal cell carcinoma', 'squamous cell carcinoma', 'non-melanoma skin cancer', 'skin cancer' and 'melanoma'. Skin cancer risk information was reported for: tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNF-αIs), angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs), phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)-reductase inhibitors (statins)., Expert Opinion: Since skin cancer risk is associated with all four classes of these commonly prescribed drugs that represent nearly 20% of the Top 100 drugs in the U.S., these important findings warrant enhanced education, especially for prescribers and those patients at high risk for skin cancer.