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We investigated the role of the integrins alpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 in mediating vitronectin adhesion of three phenotypically distinct cell types. M21 human melanoma cells and H2981 lung carcinoma cells use both alpha v-containing integrins in adhering to vitronectin while UCLA-P3 lung carcinoma cells adhere exclusively with alpha v beta 5. Specifically, monoclonal antibodies directed to functional epitopes on both receptors were required to block adhesion of M21 or H2981 cells while adhesion of UCLA-P3 cells to vitronectin could be blocked with a monoclonal antibody to alpha v beta 5. Although both receptors are involved in M21 and H2981 cell adhesion to vitronectin, only alpha v beta 3 can be detected in focal contacts, colocalizing with vinculin, talin, and the ends of actin filaments, while alpha v beta 5 shows a distinct, nonfocal contact, distribution on the cell surface. These results provide the first evidence that two homologous integrins that recognize the same ligand distribute differentially on the cell surface.

El análisis de los factores que inciden en la vulnerabilidad económica territorial (VET) es clave en la definición de iniciativas de políticas públicas. Sin embargo, este proceso implica una gran incertidumbre, además, que requiere de nuevas vías para reducir y mitigar la subjetividad en su análisis. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los factores que inciden en la VET utilizando un enfoque neutrosófico. Para ello, se desarrolló un procedimiento basado en el mapa cognitivo neutrosófico, que consta de tres fases, seis pasos y cinco tareas. El resultado de su aplicación en el municipio Calixto García, provincia Holguín, Cuba, permitió a los actores locales proponer acciones para ser analizadas y luego incluidas en la estrategia de desarrollo territorial (EDT). También, se identificaron, clasificaron y jerarquizaron los factores que inciden en la VET, lo que permite tomar medidas para eliminarlos o mitigarlos desde la actividad pública.

This study was conducted at a commercial dairy farm in Queensland, Australia to evaluate the effects of feeding a lactic acid bacteria-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) during gestation on the metabolic profile of periparturient dairy cows and its effects on milk production and body weight. A total of 150 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly selected based on parity (2.3) and days in milk (130 DIM) and divided into two groups of 75 cows each (control and DFM). The control cows were assigned to a basal diet consisting of a silage-based partial mixed ration (PMR), concentrate fed in the dairy twice a day, and ad libitum pasture. The DFM group received the same basal diet supplemented with three strains of Lactobacillus top-dressed in the feed. The DFM supplementation continued during both the dry period and the subsequent lactation. A subset of 82 cows (40 control and 42 DFM) were monitored during the calving season (March to July 2022) to assess the metabolic profile and postpartum performance. Blood samples were collected during the periparturient period (−4 to −2 w prepartum, around calving, and at weeks 1, 3, and 6 postpartum) to measure the levels of metabolites, enzymes, and minerals. Overall, the serum glucose, NEFA, and chloride levels were higher, while protein and urea were lower in cows supplemented with the DFM (p < 0.005). The pre-calving levels of glucose were higher and the total bilirubin, urea, and BHB were lower in cows supplemented with DFM than in the control (p < 0.05). The post-calving levels of glucose and Mg were also higher in the DFM cows than in the control cows (p < 0.05). Average milk production at 110 DIM was significantly higher in the DFM cows compared to control cows (p = 0.03). Although the total milk production over 305 days was numerically greater in the DFM cows, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.3), whereas the milk protein percentage was higher in the control cows (p = 0.03). The body weight of the DFM cows was greater during the periparturient period (p = 0.001) than that of the control cows. In the DFM cows, glucose levels had a positive correlation (r = 0.16) with milk yield, at 110 DIM, while serum total protein had a positive correlation with body weight (r = 0.32) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding Lactobacillus-based DFM during gestation can positively influence the metabolic profile of periparturient cows, which, in turn, may affect the milk production and body weight of postpartum dairy cows.

Background: changes in medical practice and research, derived from the Human Genome Project, and the progressive implementation of the precision medicine model, pose new demands for healthcare personal education. Objective: to assess the extent omics contents have been integrated to current syllabi for undergraduate medical studies in Cuba. Methods: syllabi D and E, in use in undergraduate medical studies in Cuba, were reviewed, as well as subjects programs in basic, own and optative/ elective curricula at the University of Medical Sciences of Las Tunas. Terms related to omics contents were used for search strategies. Results: five subjects were found to include such contents: Medical Genetics, Pharmacology I, Morphophysiology I, Medical Informatics and Molecular Biology. No subjects from the clinical area, not even those related to surgical rotations, treated omics contents, as it was the case for basic bibliography in each case. Only definitions, descriptions and relations were found, as well as certain applications, but no skills or values were presented. Conclusions: it has been limited the integration of omics contents in the syllabi of medical studies, circumscribed to some subjects from the basic and preclinical areas in the teaching and learning process, but absent in the subjects of the clinical areas.

Apis mellifera royal jelly (RJ) is a well-known remedy in traditional medicine around the world and its versatile effects range from antibacterial to anti-inflammatory properties and pro-regenerative properties. As a glandular product, RJ has been shown to contain a substantial number of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and, in this study, we aimed to investigate the extent of involvement of RJEVs in wound healing-associated effects. Molecular analysis of RJEVs verified the presence of exosomal markers such as CD63 and syntenin, and cargo molecules MRJP1, defensin-1, and jellein-3. Furthermore, RJEVs were demonstrated to modulate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation and secretome, as well as decrease LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages by blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In vivo studies confirmed antibacterial effects of RJEVs and demonstrated an acceleration of wound healing in a splinted mouse model. This study suggests that RJEVs play a crucial role in the known effects of RJ by modulating the inflammatory phase and cellular response in wound healing. Transfer of RJ into the clinics has been impeded by the high complexity of the raw material. Isolating EVs from the raw RJ decreases the complexity while allowing standardization and quality control, bringing a natural nano-therapy one step closer to the clinics.

This longitudinal study aimed to quantify the effects of dietary supplementation of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) consisting of three lactobacilli isolates on milk yield, milk fat and protein yields, somatic cell count (SCC), and liveweight in a single dairy herd in Australia. A total of 150 dairy cows were randomly selected based on parity and days in milk and divided into two groups: control (n = 75) and DFM treatment (n = 75). Throughout the study, the two groups of cows were housed separately in a dry lot yard, and each group had their own feeding area. For the DFM treatment group, selected cows in mid-lactation were supplemented with 10 mL/cow/day of the DFM via top dressing of the feed for the remainder of the lactation and through the dry period, extending into subsequent lactation. The control group had no supplementation. The milk yield and liveweight were recorded daily. Milk samples were collected every two months for milk component analysis (fat, protein, and somatic cell count [SCC]). The DFM-treated cows gained more liveweight across the study (19.40 kg, 95% CI 0.44 kg; 38.30 kg, p = 0.05) compared to the control cows. In the second production year, the DFM-treated cows mobilized more liveweight (−6.06 kg, 95% CI −10.49 kg; −1.61 kg, p = 0.01) and produced more milk (0.39 L/d 95% CI 0.10; 0.89, p = 0.05). Over a full lactation, DFM cows yielded at least 258 L (95% CI 252 L; 265 L) more milk than controls. No significant differences were found in fat and protein yield or SCC. This study suggests that consistent and ongoing supplementation with a Lacticaseibacillus- and Lentilactobacillus-based DFM could have a positive effect on milk production, but further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanism.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sagittal balance was measured by Hardacker`s et al. using the occipital method COBB C1-C2, C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7 in a sample of asymptomatic patients without neck and shoulder pain. In other recent studies, measurements of cervical sagittal balance included several radiographic parameters. Objective: To compare the cervical sagittal balance in groups of patients with and without neck pain submitted to cervical radiography with the upper limbs in flexion. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative, prospective, descriptive study with radiographic analysis of 50 adults aged between 30 to 70 years old. The group was divided into Group 1: without neck pain, and Group 2: with neck pain. All answered a questionnaire about age and the presence or absence of neck pain. Exclusion criteria were: inadequate X-Ray image, deformity or previous spine surgery, limited shoulder mobility, and individuals younger than 30 and older than 70. The radiographic parameters evaluated were: COBB, TIA ( THORACIC INLET ANGLE), T1 SLOPE, NECKTILT, and COG-C7 with no neck pain. α = 5% (significance when p

For a long time in force in Brazil or patriarchal family model, being a woman considered as man's property and having some fundamental rights, such as freedom, mitigated and controlled by a sexist sexist society. Despite the social movements that have been achieved through the guarantee of diverse rights and State protection of life in women, the feeling of power of the male sex over the female sex causes various forms of violence. This research has as main objective to analyze the role of Alagoas entities in combating the crime of femicide in the capital of Maceió. It is, therefore, a descriptive research, in a qualitative approach. In Maceió, the object of study of this research, there is a range of public partners that seek to eradicate gender violence and femicide, covering not only services related to prevention and punishment, but also to all forms of support to the victim, whether giving psychological and social support.

Parachondria neglectus is a terrestrial mollusk endemic of Cuba. This species constitutes the only report of the Annulariidae family in the municipality of Manzanillo, Granma province. In the present study, the temporal dynamics of the structural subniche of a population of P. neglectus was characterized. Thirty expeditions were carried out between December 2013 and February 2015. 83.9 % of the mollusks were found on the ground (around the base of trees and shrubs) and 16.1 % used the trunk of eight plant species as diurnal resting substrate. The test of independence performed using a 2×2 contingency table with Yates correction showed that in the population the frequency of using one substrate or another depends on the occurrence or not of rainfall (χ2 = 214.88; P = 0.0001). This species was found at an average trunk distance of 13 ± 6.42 cm. The C-index values indicated marked preference of this mollusk for Swietenia mahagoni during all climatic periods sampled. During the rainy season this species also showed statistically significant preferences for Cordia gerascanthus, Ehretia tinifolia and Bursera simaruba. For the population, the height above the ground presented a mean value of 153.5 ± 71.3 cm. The heights above the ground reached by this species on rainy and non-rainy days showed statistically significant differences (U = 21519.5; P < 0.001).

The bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus is one of the world’s main pests of stored beans. The heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) population of near-isogenic lines (NILs) could be an exceptional strategy to study the inheritance of the resistance against A. obtectus. We developed a HIF population of 148 NILs of R-bufa-80-12. The objectives of this research were as follows: (1) to study and understand the genetics of the attack resistance to A. obtectus in a HIF population and (2) to identify the best lines to provide weevil resistance. The pure lines of the HIF population showed a great variability for all the analyzed traits. The traits studied in this research have a normal distribution showing continuous variation, so they are considered to be quantitatively inherited. The heritabilities for resistance traits were low and very low, ranging from 0.09 to 0.17. The heritability for 100 seed weight was the highest, with a significant value of 0.90. The best lines of the HIF population for resistance to A. obtectus comprised Line-45, Line-129, Line-124, Line-142 and Line-47. In general, these lines presented lower preference of adults, and lower consumption in grams and in percentages. However, lines 45 and 129 are the most interesting from a commercial point of view because they combine resistance and seed weight.

Neuropsychiatric manifestations of viral infections (both per se and secondary to the neuroinflammatory reaction of the host) are mainly attributed to immunological reactions, so many aspects of their pathogenesis are still nuclear. Some novel therapeutic strategies are progressively emerging in which a vaccination may be having a particular impact on recovery and reduction of death. In this context, it is accepted that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is profoundly neurotropic and neuroinvasive, with various effects on the nervous system, although there is no complete understanding of the mechanism of neuroinvasion, brain injury, or short- or long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the post-infectious manifestations of COVID-19 to guide the management of neuropsychiatric diseases. Thus, based on different research groups focused on this field, in this manuscript we summarize papers on COVID-19 and the nervous system (NS) published in a series of articles by Cuban authors. This review focuses on cognitive and affective emotional states, pathogenesis, biomarkers, clinical manifestations, and intervention strategies.

Este trabalho apresenta todas as etapas para a construção e validação de um instrumento de avaliação de Projetos de Parcerias Público-Privadas na perspectiva de especialistas, denominado EPA-4P. Para a construção do instrumento, sete dimensões passaram pelo processo de validação de conteúdo e de face foram consideradas na fase qualitativa. A fase quantitativa teve um pré-teste com 322 especialistas da área, onde tivemos a validação da escala, considerando os seguintes construtos: Ambiental, Responsabilidade, Econômico-Financeira, Externalidades, Jurídico, Processos e Operacionais e Social. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória foi utilizada como método de análise dos dados coletados, inicialmente e, na fase subsequente, a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória e Análise de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados obtidos com base nas técnicas citadas fornecem validade e confiabilidade ao instrumento proposto e espera-se que esta validação permita sua utilização em futuros estudos nacionais ou internacionais.

El retardo en el comienzo del curso académico universitario para los alumnos de primer año causado por la pandemia de COVID-19 en Cuba, causa un incremento de la pérdida de aprendizajes por el alumno. Por esta razón, se determinó brindar un curso que ahonde en los contenidos y habilidades matemáticas de la enseñanza precedente, en la modalidad de curso no presencial -en espacio virtual- para los alumnos de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad de La Habana. Este trabajo se trazó el objetivo de valorar las acciones realizadas, las experiencias e impactos del Curso Propedéutico de Matemática, así como las recomendaciones para futuros cursos. Para ello, se explicaron las acciones a realizar para para el logro del curso; posteriormente, se expusieron las experiencias al impartir el curso, puntualizando en los impactos a que se enfrentaron los profesores y alumnos. Finalmente, se recomiendan algunas medidas para la mejora del curso lo cual lleva a reducir las pérdidas de aprendizaje.

In this paper we aim at presenting a concise but also comprehensive study of time-dependent (t-dependent) Hamiltonian dynamics on a locally conformal symplectic (lcs) manifold. We present a generalized geometric theory of canonical transformations in order to formulate an explicitly time-dependent geometric Hamilton-Jacobi theory on lcs manifolds, extending our previous work with no explicit time-dependence. In contrast to previous papers concerning locally conformal symplectic manifolds, the introduction of the time dependency that this paper presents, brings out interesting geometric properties, as it is the case of contact geometry in locally symplectic patches. To conclude, we show examples of the applications of our formalism, in particular, we present systems of differential equations with time-dependent parameters, which admit different physical interpretations as we shall point out.

Este artigo analisa a possibilidade do uso do coaching como auxiliar no processo da gestão por competência. O presente estudo visa responder a seguinte indagação, quais as dificuldades no desenvolvimento e aprimoramento da gestão por competência? E tem como objetivo analisar as possíveis soluções para as dificuldades no desenvolvimento da gestão por competências. Abordando os diversos conceitos de competência, as formas de implantação desse modelo de gestão, as dificuldades encontradas na implantação desse modelo, e as formas de soluciona-las, tendo em vista o coaching como a principal ferramenta de solução. Foi adotado como metodologia deste estudo a pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de caso, na coleta de dados incluiu livros, periódicos, artigos científicos entre outras fontes. Foi utilizado um questionário contendo 10 itens para avaliar a percepção de pessoas que vivenciam o processo da gestão por competência. A partir da coleta de dados foi possível obter conclusões parciais sobre o uso do coaching como uma ferramenta essencial para a implantação da gestão por competências, auxiliando no desenvolvimento e aprimoramento das competências individuais, e por sua vez, organizacionais.

Background: personalized medicine integrates the data of the omic technologies with the set of clinical data of the patient for a care adapted to their individual characteristics. Objective: to explore the knowledge and opinions of second-year students of the medical degree in relation to omic technologies and personalized medicine. Methods: an exploratory, quantitative study was carried out at Las Tunas University of Medical Sciences during the second semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. Theoretical methods for the foundation were applied: analysis-synthesis, and inductive-deductive; among the empirical ones a knowledge test and a survey in questionnaire form for the collection of the information; and descriptive statistics for values in figures. Results: 17.2% of the students correctly defined what the genome edition is, and 10.3% did it for the sequence. Only one could mention a drug with pharmacogenetic implications. None reported knowing about biological databases or laws regulating studies of the human genome. Medical Genetics was the subject that gave the most treatment to the contents related to these topics. The majority of the students were in favor of genome manipulation to treat diseases and report findings that are related to health. Conclusions: the low level of knowledge on omic technologies and personalized medicine in second year students of Medicine was confirmed.

Background: a new SARS-CoV-2 variant, known as omicron, has been classified as “of concern” by the World Health Organization, due to the high number of mutations and its increased ability to disseminate worldwide. Objective: to evaluate in silico the protection that the Cuban anti-covid-19 vaccines may offer against omicron variant, through the identification of shared epitopes. Methods: with the use of bioinfomatic tools, T y B epitopes from the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 S protein, were compared in primary sequences from Abdala and Soberana vaccines, as well as in variants alpha, beta, gamma, delta and omicron, all obtained from GenBank and aligned in the region between residues 319-541. The percent of identical epitopes, those with some change in the sequence and different were all calculated. Results: conserved T epitopes were found between the vaccines and delta and omicron variants: FTNVYADSFVIRGDE (392-406), SFVIRGDEVRQIAPG (399-413), NLKPFERDI (460-468), ELLHAPATV (516-524) and STNLVKNKCVNFNFN (530-544). The region spanning from residues 522 and 540 included B epitopes identified by three algorithms, both in the vaccines and all the variants. Among several isolations of the omicron variant, a number of sequence changes occurs, leading to heterogeneous lines and potential modifications in their immunogenicity. Conclusions: epitopes shared between Cuban vaccines and ómicron variant justify the usefulness of vaccination with the immunogens used in Cuba, as well as boosters that will lead to some partial protection.

En este trabajo se presenta un enfoque no supervisado para identificar y extraer relaciones entre dos entidades nombradas. El enfoque se conforma por casos, estableciendo un conjunto de patrones para identificar relaciones previamente establecidas. Además, se estudia un conjunto de casos para identificar y extraer relaciones de forma automática. Se emplean las dependencias universales appos y amod, así como los elementos clave de la oración: el verbo entre dos entidades nombradas, y el sujeto y objeto. Este proceso se realiza de forma automática sobre documentos no estructurados en el dominio de noticias políticas en idioma español. Para verificar las relaciones se realizó una evaluación manual sobre un conjunto seleccionado.

Background Skin cancer is one of the common malignancies. There is sufficient evidence that sunlight (ultraviolet radiation) contributes to the development of skin cancer, but there is also evidence that relates adequate serum levels of vitamin D produced on the skin by the action of ultraviolet radiation with the decreased risk of various types of cancers, including skin cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of vitamin D serum levels among patients with non-melanoma skin cancers (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) and controls. Methods A prospective observational case-control study was conducted in a sample of 84 subjects in Extremadura (Spain). Forty-one patients with histologically diagnosed basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas and 43 healthy controls were randomly chosen to assess whether vitamin D (25(OH)D3) serum level, age and sex were related to non-melanoma skin cancer and to determine the possible risk of this type of skin cancer for these variables. Results When analysing serum vitamin D levels, we ensured that all our subjects, both cases and controls, had normal or low serum vitamin D levels, even though the samples were taken during months with the highest solar irradiance in our region. It is striking in our results that there was a higher percentage of subjects with deficits of vitamin D who did not have skin cancer (66%) than patients with deficits with these types of skin cancers (34%). When adjusting the model for age and sex, vitamin D values above 18 ng/ml increased the risk of suffering from non-melanoma skin cancer by nearly 7-fold (aOR: 6.94, 95% CI [1.55–31.11], p = 0.01). Conclusions Despite the controversial data obtained in the literature, our results suggest that lower levels of vitamin D may be related to a reduced incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer.

We present a neural network architecture focused on verifying facts against evidence found in a knowledge base. The architecture can perform relevance evaluation and claim verification, parts of a well-known three-stage method of fact-checking. We fine-tuned BERT to codify claims and pieces of evidence separately. An attention layer between the claim and evidence representation computes alignment scores to identify relevant terms between both. Finally, a classification layer receives the vector representation of claims and evidence and performs the relevance and verification classification. Our model allows a more straightforward interpretation of the predictions than other state-of-the-art models. We use the scores computed within the attention layer to show which evidence spans are more relevant to classify a claim as supported or refuted. Our classification models achieve results compared to the state-of-the-art models in terms of classification of relevance evaluation and claim verification accuracy on the FEVER dataset.

Fundamento: el mimetismo entre la glicoproteína S de SARS-CoV-2 y moléculas humanas puede ser parte de los mecanismos implicados en las afectaciones causadas por el virus en órganos dianaObjetivo: identificar, con el empleo de herramientas bioinformáticas, el mimetismo molecular y las interacciones entre la glicoproteína S y proteínas humanas.Métodos: se seleccionaron cinco epítopes T de la glicoproteína S de SARS-CoV-2, presentados por HLA-A*0201 y HLA-DRB1*0301, para buscar secuencias homólogas en la base de datos de antígenos tumorales TANTIGEN, mediante la herramienta BLASTP. Se escogieron aquellas proteínas humanas con al menos seis aminoácidos compartidos y más del 60 % de similitud. Sus características fueron tomadas de la base de datos UniProt y la representación de sus interacciones con otras proteínas humanas fue modelada en STRING. Los resultados fueron comparados con las interacciones predichas de la glicoproteína S con proteínas humanas, según Bio-Grid.Resultados: en la base de datos TANTIGEN se encontraron 11 proteínas humanas con similitud para los epítopes T de la gp S. Entre ellas, CSPG4 aparece reportada entre las interacciones de la gp S. Las proteínas identificadas participan en vías metabólicas, de señalización y activación celular. Se identificaron diez moléculas con interacción por cada una de las proteínas humanas: F2, USP10, SMU1, LPHN2 y GPC3, que aparecen como potenciales interactores con gp S de SARS-CoV-2.Conclusiones: el mimetismo entre los epítopes de la glicoproteína S y las proteínas humanas puede ser parte de los mecanismos patogénicos durante la infección por SARS-CoV-2.

El propósito de este trabajo es estudiar las periodicidades o ciclos detectables en las series de las importaciones y exportaciones cubanas, haciendo uso del análisis espectral. En las últimas dos décadas, la economía cubana ha experimentado cambios como la inserción del sector privado y la inversión extranjera. Por lo tanto, es de interés conocer el comportamiento recurrente de la actividad económica en el corto plazo. La idea de identificar ciclos detectables en lugar de realizar un estudio completo de los ciclos económicos de la actividad se fundamenta en que las series disponibles no son muy extensas y un análisis de periodicidades de largo período requiere muestras estadísticas grandes. El objetivo planteado aquí es mucho más modesto. Se requiere identificar movimientos particularmente en períodos cortos y obtener información precisa sobre tales periodicidades.

Fundamento: las tecnologías ómicas han provocado cambios en la práctica médica, al punto de que se habla de una medicina genómica, personalizada o de precisión, resultado de sus aplicaciones clínicas. Para su implementación se requiere la formación de los profesionales de la salud en estos temas.Objetivo: describir el programa de una asignatura, propuesta para tratar las tecnologías ómicas como contenido en la carrera Medicina.Métodos: los objetivos generales fueron derivados de los objetivos del segundo año, según la Resolución 2 de 2018 del Ministerio de Educación Superior. Se consideraron objetivos temáticos, sistemas de conocimientos, habilidades y valores. Se proponen orientaciones metodológicas, un sistema de evaluación del aprendizaje y bibliografía actualizada.Resultados: la propuesta de asignatura tiene un total de 30 horas presenciales, distribuidas en los tipos de clase: conferencia, clase práctica, seminario y taller. La evaluación final es la defensa de un trabajo de curso. Promueve la vinculación básico-clínica y la sistematización de los contenidos tratados por las disciplinas y asignaturas precedentes y consecuentes. Profundiza en temas escasamente tratados en la carrera, como la secuenciación genómica, la edición del genoma, la farmacogenética y la bioinformática. Se articula con las estrategias curriculares establecidas para la carrera, especialmente las de investigaciones e informática, dominio del idioma inglés y la educativa.Conclusiones: la asignatura propuesta puede incluirse en los currículos propio u optativo/electivo, e impartirse de forma extendida o concentrada. Constituye una opción para el tratamiento de las tecnologías ómicas y la medicina de precisión en la formación médica inicial.

Vivemos em uma era que podemos chamar da era da informação e do conhecimento e isso nos obriga a estudarmos mais, a nos esforçarmos mais e consequentemente agregar mais valor para nós mesmos. As instituições por sua vez, estão se dando conta de que os ativos intangíveis possuem a capacidade de aumentar sua produtividade perante os cidadãos e colocá-las num novo patamar de excelente oferta de serviços, por esse motivo, o capital intelectual e a inteligência emocional tem sido fatores valorizados por instituições que, em seus processos seletivos, estão buscando colaboradores dinâmicos, com bagagem intelectual, bem como inteligência emocional. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de discutir acerca do papel e da importância do capital intelectual e da inteligência emocional e uma consequente eficiente gestão do conhecimento como ferramenta para se disseminar o conhecimento adquirido nas instituições públicas como um todo. Esta pesquisa também tem como objetivo demonstrar o que acontece com as instituições públicas que investem no capital intelectual e na inteligência emocional através do processo de gestão do conhecimento com o intuito de adquirir melhorias nos serviços públicos prestados aos cidadãos. Esta análise será feita e fundamentada, através de um levantamento histórico e bibliográfico, bem como, através de uma análise prática de uma instituição pública. O que se pretende, contudo, é comprovar quais os reais impactos provocados por um quadro gerencial com alto nível de capital intelectual, habilidades emocionais e perfil técnico nas relações de trabalho.

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Fundamento: las características estructurales y funcionales de la glicoproteína S del virus SARS-CoV-2 la convierten en un antígeno relevante y una diana deseable para el desarrollo de vacunas y fármacos, pues su bloqueo o neutralización impediría el ciclo infeccioso.Objetivo: modelar, con el empleo de herramientas bioinformáticas, la inmunogenicidad de la glicoproteína S, a partir de la identificación de péptidos que puedan ser reconocidos por linfocitos T y B humanos.Métodos: se alinearon ocho secuencias diferentes de la glicoproteína S por medio de CLUSTAL O, para determinar la conservación del dominio de unión al receptor. Se seleccionaron las moléculas HLA-A*0201, HLA-DRB1*0301 y HLA-DRB1*0701 para la predicción de péptidos T, con los algoritmos SYFPEITHI, IEDB y NetMHC/NetMHCII. En el caso de los epítopes B lineales se utilizaron los algoritmos BepiPred-2.0, ABCpred, BcePred y BepiPred-IEDB.Resultados: las secuencias empleadas para comparar el grado de conservación de la estructura de la molécula, particularmente el dominio de unión al receptor, mostraron una homología completa. La región comprendida entre los residuos 207-222 contiene epítopes B y T CD4+, al tiempo que en las posiciones 133-147 y 407-425 se concentran epítopes B y T CD8+; todas están ubicadas en el segmento externo de la proteína. En el motivo de unión al receptor se localizan varios epítopes B y residuos de interacción directa entre la glicoproteína S y ACE2.Conclusiones: la glicoproteína S del SARS-CoV-2 tiene un potencial inmunogénico, con el que puede generar respuesta T y B.

Background: angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 to infect human cells and produce infection in humans.Objective: to compare the sequence of the receptor with those of other animal species, in order to extract useful information to better understand and fight the current pandemics.Methods: from a sequence of human ACE2, obtained from UniProtKB, multiple alignments were done with homolog proteins from bats, non-human primates and other vertebrates. CLUSTAL O tool was used, and phylogenetic trees were obtained from UniProt and Ensembl.Results: full phylogenetic conservation of ACE2 residues was found in relation to the recognition of its natural ligands and substrates, in all the species studied. Only among non-human primates there was absolute similarity in the aminoacids that interact with S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2: Q24, D30, H34, Y41, Q42, M82, N90, K353 and R357.Conclusions: several primates could serve as hosts for the new coronavirus. New elements are given for the comprehension of the emergence of the new coronavirus as a human pathogen.

Introducción: el fallo de medro es identificado en niños como crecimiento significativamente menor que sus semejantes. Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo predictores del fallo de medro en lactantes bajo peso al nacer egresados de la Sala de Piel a Piel durante el primer año de vida. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico en la Sala de Piel a Piel del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico “Mariana Grajales” de Santa Clara durante los años 2014 y 2015. Se trabajó con la población de recién nacidos con peso al nacer menor de 2 000 gramos atendidos en esa sala y seguidos por consulta hasta el año de vida (120 pacientes). Resultados: presentaron fallo de medro 54 pacientes, para un 45% del total de casos estudiados. Predominó significativamente el peso al nacer entre 1 500 y 2 000 gramos en el 48,1% de los niños con desmedro. La lactancia materna resultó ser un factor que se asoció significativamente al fallo de medro. Conclusiones: el peso y la talla para la edad en el primer trimestre fueron los factores predictores del fallo de medro en los lactantes estudiados.

La avena como forraje es un cultivo de riego importante para la industria pecuaria en zonas áridas y semiáridas. Sin embargo, hay poca información sobre la relación del rendimiento de materia seca con la evapotranspiración real del cultivo o demanda hídrica, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue generar modelos para describir el rendimiento de forraje y la productividad del agua al variar el aporte de agua de riego. Al aplicar 610.13 mm se logró el máximo (P

The objective of this study is to present some considerations on the so-called creative economy and it’s development in the State of Alagoas, in the face of the State's economic development prospects. Through a brief approach on the origin and design of creative economy and economic heritage of the State, it was possible to draw a parallel between the evolution of the conception of culture and creativity for the promotion of development, since the concept of cultural Industry to your application in the socioeconomic scenario of Alagoas. Through bibliographical and exploratory research, in which some authors were used such as Adorno and Horkheimer, with The Critical Theory about "mass culture" and economy and Howkins, Florida, about the current design of the relationship between creativity, culture and economy; Carvalho, on the nearby state economy and Verdi and Pires, on micro and small enterprises; National mappings, which enabled the understanding of the socioeconomic reality of the State.

Introducción: la infección del tractus urinario es una enfermedad bacteriana frecuente en Pediatría. Objetivo: caracterizar este padecimiento en los pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital “Mariana Grajales”. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico entre los años 2012 y 2016. La población estuvo conformada por 40 pacientes en los que se probó por urocultivo esta infección. La información se registró en un formulario que recogió variables perinatales y el análisis estadístico incluyó estadística descriptiva e inferencial; los resultados se representaron en tablas y gráficos. Resultados: predominaron los neonatos masculinos (60%), pretérminos (77,5%) y bajo peso (75%), con una media de edad gestacional (33,1±4,1 semanas) y peso (1 884±853 gramos), seis de cada 10 niños presentaron una estadía hospitalaria entre cuatro y 27 días, las unidades de cuidado intensivo y progresivo fueron los niveles de atención predominantes en el neonato y el método de piel a piel lo fue para los lactantes, la ganancia inadecuada de peso fue la manifestación clínica más frecuente y la Escherichia coli fue el principal agente causal. Conclusiones: esta infección constituyó una enfermedad común en la unidad neonatal y la mayoría de los pacientes presentaron evolución clínico-bacteriológica favorable.

Endometrial infections are a common cause of reproductive loss in cattle. Accurate diagnosis is important to reduce the economic losses caused by endometritis. A range of sampling procedures have been developed which enable collection of endometrial tissue or luminal cells or uterine fluid. However, as these are all invasive procedures, there is a risk that sampling around the time of breeding may adversely affect subsequent pregnancy rate. This systematic review compared the pregnancy rates (PR) of cattle which underwent uterine lavage (UL), cotton swab (CS), cytobrush (CB), cytotape (CT), or endometrial biopsy (EB) sampling procedures with those that were not sampled. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, relevant databases, including Pubmed, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts, VetMed Resource–Ruminants, and Scopus, were searched. The outcome measured was the pregnancy rate after the collection of endometrial sample(s). Seven studies, involving a total of 3693 cows, fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and allowed the comparison of PR between sampled (n = 1254) and non-sampled cows (n = 2409). The results of the systematic review showed that endometrial sampling procedures can be performed before breeding or shortly after insemination without adversely affecting pregnancy rates in cattle. However, further studies are needed to validate this information.

This work leaves from the theoretical and empiric systematizing that shows the necessity to investigate how it has evolved and what factors they have conditioned the behavior of the methodological work direction in the education municipal level. The basic budgets of the educational are approached that serve of referents for the analysis of the relationships of the organizational functional levels of the methodological work. The study is carried out in the period 1959-2017, starting in 1959 as an important milestone in the conception of the Cuban educational system. When the Revolution triumphed there were two conceptions of Education, in Cuban educational practice, on the one hand the abandoned national education system, essentially pragmatic, totally incongruous and on the other the aspirations of the Revolutionary Government, which had been forged in the revolutionary struggle between 1953 and 1959.

El propósito de este escrito es indicar cómo Jon Elster ofrece una alternativa a los fallos de la teoría estándar de la elección racional, que, a juicio de este autor, padece una considerable inflexibilidad, generándole indeterminación e incertidumbre. En efecto, a diferencia de la teoría estándar, que sostiene que los individuos, de quienes se dan por supuestas sus preferencias, han de tomar decisiones cualesquiera que maximizan para su beneficio, Elster considera que existen actos generados bajo limitantes de la razón —es decir, no racionales—, que abren la posibilidad de abordar otros elementos que integran el acto de decidir, como, por ejemplo, la motivación, cuyo origen puede ser una emoción o creencia. Involucrar este elemento en la decisión estándar puede dar lugar a una inconsistencia suficiente para determinar que una decisión es irracional y, consecuentemente, dar apertura a la idea de una racionalidad imperfecta que se manifiesta cotidianamente en las actuaciones humanas. Por lo tanto, propone incorporar a la teoría estándar de la elección racional mecanismos causales de tipo irracional, para reformular su tradicional concepción y, por consiguiente, dar apertura natural a otros modelos de racionalidad imperfecta e irracionalidad. De esta manera, la explicación a través de mecanismos permitiría descomponer un fenómeno social en sus partes y, a partir estas, describir las interacciones que hay entre sus componentes, para hallar su fundamentación.

Introduction: echocardiography has been introduced in the Neonatal Care Units as a support tool in the diagnosis and therapeutic decision making. Objective: to describe the use of echocardiography in neonates treated at the Neonatal Care Unit of “Mariana Grajales” Hospital. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2012 to July 2015. We included 167 infants who underwent an echocardiogram. The information obtained was recorded on a form that included perinatal and neonatal variables. For the statistical analysis were used: absolute frequency, relative, middle, standard deviation and independence test X2; the indices of diagnostic quality and the level of agreement between techniques were computed; everything was represented in tables and graphs. Results: 1,25 ± 0,7 studies per patient were realized, with preterm births (63,5%) and normopesos (71,9%) predominant, the main clinical condition that motivated the study was the heart murmur (50 ,9%), congenital heart disease (72,5%) were the most frequent echocardiographic diagnosis, Doppler ultrasonography showed higher diagnostic quality indexes, concordance level was 70%, which demonstrated the degree of efficacy of the two-dimensional and the clinical state of care predominated with sonographic examination performed between 24 and 72 hours. Conclusions: echocardiography has an important value in the diagnosis of clinical diseases present in the neonatal period.

Fundamento: existe una amplia variabilidad en la aparición de la huella o cicatriz tras la vacunación con BCG. También se ha señalado que existe asociación entre la vacuna BCG y una reducción de la morbilidad y la mortalidad globales.Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes sin huella BCG, atendidos en la consulta de inmunología del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”, de Las Tunas, en el periodo de enero de 2017 a enero de 2019.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con pacientes atendidos en la consulta externa de inmunología, sin huella BCG al examen físico de la región deltoidea izquierda. Se registraron la edad, el sexo, la localidad de procedencia, las manifestaciones clínicas, los antecedentes patológicos personales y los resultados de los exámenes complementarios sobre la inmunidad.Resultados: se estudiaron 36 casos, 61,1 % mujeres y 38,9 % hombres. Solo el 36,1 % era menor de 10 años. El antecedente más frecuente fue el asma bronquial (33,3 %). Las infecciones respiratorias, tanto altas como bajas, aquejaron al 80,6 % de los pacientes, y el 16,7 % presentó furúnculos. La deficiencia de inmunoglobulina A fue el trastorno de la inmunidad que más se observó en la muestra (36,1 %).Conclusiones: las infecciones respiratorias, el asma bronquial y el déficit de IgA fueron las situaciones clínicas predominantes en la serie de casos sin huella BCG aquí presentada. Se requiere una muestra mayor de casos para explicar la falta de respuesta óptima ante la inmunización con BCG.

Background: the worldwide prevalence of physical violence against women by their partners has increased compared to the nineties. In the country, there are no national studies on the prevalence of this problem.Objective: to characterize physical violence against women caused by their partners in the province of Las Tunas, from January 2014 to December 2015.Methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 69 women who reported being victims of physical violence by their partners, residents of the province and period of time declared in the objective. Epidemiological and medicolegal variables were assessed. The data were processed according to the descriptive statistics.Results: more than half (75,4 %) of the abused women who made the complaint were included in the stages of youth and early adulthood; white women and those with secondary and pre-university education levels prevailed, with a greater incidence in the administrative center of the province. The most frequent type of injury was physical contact (50,7 %), with a medicolegal qualification of not serious requiring medical treatment.Conclusions: characteristics of cases of physical violence against women caused by their partners in the province were described.

The objective of this research is the analysis of the Strategic Management Process of the Productive Agglomerations of Paraná and Alagoas, considering its sustainable competitive advantage and its relation with the risks of demand, competence and competitiveness. This study carried out a bibliographical review on the subject and in the sequence, in-depth interviews with the managers. The primary data were treated with the use of the content analysis, with transcription of the 10 interviews performed, and were inserted in the software Atlas ti 7.0. The results provided evidence on the problems faced by the APLs due to scarce and limited use of corporate sustainability strategies as well as effective risk management. Nevertheless, it was found that risk reduction is possible, with emphasis and importance in the analysis of the management of the arrangements, requiring a more professional management.

In literature there is a great variety of approximations about the relations of laboratory exams and clinical method, which range from the exclusion of laboratory as component of the method, till the reiteration of its indiscriminate use. In the present work some opinions about the issue are reviewed and commented. Laboratory is not only in close interrelation with the clinical method but it transcends it, because it is also a component of the epidemiological method, at the same time it has a relevant role in the processes of knowledge and development, as research are. It is in teaching where major opportunities are found in searching alternatives and solutions which promote the integration of clinical and laboratory elements. Promoting the training and developing specific clinical skills is a demand of the society which urges to be attended.

Existe en la literatura una variedad de aproximaciones sobre las relaciones de los exámenes de laboratorio con el método clínico, que van desde la exclusión del laboratorio como componente del método, hasta la reiteración de su uso indiscriminado. En el presente trabajo se revisan y comentan algunas opiniones sobre el tema. El laboratorio no solo está en estrecha interrelación con el método clínico, sino que lo trasciende, pues es también un componente del método epidemiológico, al tiempo que ocupa un lugar relevante en otros procesos del conocimiento y el desarrollo, como lo son las investigaciones. Es en la enseñanza donde se encuentran las mayores oportunidades en la búsqueda de alternativas y soluciones que fomenten la unidad de los elementos clínicos y de laboratorio hacia la aplicación integrada del método clínico. Promover la formación y el desarrollo de habilidades específicas de laboratorio clínico, es una demanda de la sociedad que urge atender.

En la parte central del estado de Chihuahua (México) se encuentra la cuenca de drenaje que alimenta las lagunas endorreicas de Bustillos, y de los Mexicanos. Estos humedales de especial interés ambiental, se encuentran amenazados por una fuerte presión de actividades humanas. Para este trabajo se han planteado una serie de análisis químicos, físicos y microbiológicos, que determinan unos elevados índices de contaminación en estos hábitats acuáticos. Los resultados han mostrado bajos índices de oxígeno disuelto y elevadas concentraciones en nitratos y bacterias coliformes en el agua. Se ha detectado que las principales fuentes de contaminación de estos recursos hídricos son las actividades agropecuarias, los vertidos de aguas residuales de las áreas urbanas y, en mayor medida, por los desechos de los tratamientos industriales.

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The first vaccination in Cuba against smallpox took place on January 12th, 1804 in the city of Santiago de Cuba. The extension of immunization all over the country started a month later, with the work of Doctor Tomas Romay and an army of vaccinators. In this paper the author deals with the role of those who, magnanimously, participated in the dissemination of the immunization against smallpox in the national territory. Vaccination was free and many of the vaccinators did not receive wages at all, although other ones received a salary by the governments. On July 13th, 1804, the Central Vaccine Commission was established, with Romay as its executive secretary. With their work, vaccinators significantly reduced the number of deaths by the disease and sent vaccinal preparations to other countries such as Mexico, the United States, Jamaica, Colombia and Venezuela. Those vaccinators who started the fight to eradicate smallpox in Cuba must receive full honors as benefactors in every municipality and province where they fulfilled their missions. Their work is an antecedent of social medicine with a community and solidarity scope.

Petiveria alliacea L. (anamú) es una planta ampliamente utilizada en la medicina tradicional, que posee una composición química peculiar determinada por la abundancia de compuestos sulfurados. La presencia de estos compuestos en la planta además de conferirle propiedades antimicrobianas implican la posibilidad de su utilización en la fitorremediación. Lo anterior, indica que la prescripción médica de esta especie requiere de la realización inminente de previos análisis del contenido de metales en sus tejidos, los cuales podrían conducir en niveles superiores a los permisibles al deterioro de la salud humana. En la presente investigación se determinaron por Espectrometría de Emisión Atómica con Plasma Inductivamente Acoplado las concentraciones de 12 metales en una muestra de las hojas de Petiveria alliacea L. utilizadas en la elaboración de extractos totales con actividad antimicrobiana in vitro frente a patógenos para la especie humana. La cuantificación de los fenoles totales en los extractos se efectuó mediante el método colorimétrico de Folin-Ciocalteu. La cuantificación de flavonoides totales en los extractos se realizó por un método colorimétrico basado en la reacción con cloruro de aluminio al 2,5 % en metanol. Los valores de las concentraciones de metales fueron inferiores a los niveles máximos permisibles en hierbas medicinales sugeridos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las concentraciones de fenoles totales en los extractos oscilaron de 0,06 a 41,50 mg/mL y los flavonoides totales se encontraron en concentraciones entre 0,460 y 21,80 mg/mL.

RESUMEN Se describen e ilustran dos especies nuevas de lombrices de tierra (Oligochaeta: Annélida) de la familia Tumakidae; Tumak amari sp. nov. y Tumak congorum sp. nov., recolectadas en relictos de bosque seco aledaños a las ciénagas del Sur del departamento del Cesar, en el Caribe colombiano. La familia Tumakidae se caracteriza principalmente por presentar las glándulas calcíferas antes de la molleja, y por la presencia de poros dorsales. Tumak amari sp. nov. y Tumak congorum sp. nov. son próximas a Tumak hammeni (Righi, 1995), pero se diferencian por las características del clitelo, la zona pubertaria, los sacos testiculares, la posición de los poros masculinos y el número, la forma y la posición de las espermatecas. Las dos nuevas especies son los primeros registros del género después de la descripción original

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Background: bioinformatics is applicable to the design of drugs, the simulation of biological effects and in the inter-species comparison of molecules involved in different phenomena and diseases, such as allergies.Objective: to compare two key molecules in allergic conditions, by means of bioinformatic tools, between man and other animal species.Methods: interleukin 4 (IL-4) and high affinity Fc receptor of immunoglobulin E were selected as target molecules in species: man, mouse, rat and rabbit. Data from genes were retrieved from Gene database. Genomic level comparison was carried out by Ensembl, while multiple sequence alignments were done with MUSCLE tool and identity matrices were generated by Clustal2.1. UCSC Genome Browser was used for the graphical representation of sequence alignments and the occurrence of single nucleotide polymorphisms.Results: a greater similarity was found between coding sequences from man and rabbit for IL-4. Multiple sequence alignments for both molecules showed the highest scores of similarities in sequences from rabbit and man. Mononucleotide polymorphisms predominated in non-coding regions of IL-4.Conclusions: the results reported here support the usefulness of rabbit as a model for human diseases related to allergies, based on the similarities for both species in terms of the two molecules that are considered key in hypersensitivity phenomena.

Parasitic infections are fairly called the neglected diseases because of their high morbidity and mortality, the availability of very few effective drugs for their treatment and practically no vaccine for their prevention. The present article shows historical and cultural aspects related to parasitic infections, both protozoan and helminthic, that affected individuals and communities in the world in the past. The British poet Lord Byron, four members of the Medici family, Pharaoh Tutankhamen and the Scottish physician David Livingstone, all died of malaria infection. A hypothesis states that Mozart, the Austrian musician, would have passed away due to trichinosis. The soprano Maria Callas and the supermodel Claudia Schiffer would have self-infected with Taenia saginata in in order to lose weight. Pediculosis affected the European royalty since evidences have been found of such ectoparasites in the remains of Ferdinand II of Aragon, king of Naples, who ruled in the XV century. The facts and personalities presented here could provide cultural elements to enrich the teaching activities in biomedical studies, in the search of the formation of more comprehensive professionals.