10 results on '"Orla McLaughlin"'
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. Large-scale analyses of CAV1 and CAV2 suggest their expression is higher in post-mortem ALS brain tissue and affects survival
- Author
-
Başak, Ayşe Nazlı (ORCID 0000-0001-9257-3540 & YÖK ID 1512), Adey, Brett N.; Cooper-Knock, Johnathan; Al Khleifat, Ahmad; Fogh, Isabella; van Damme, Philip; Corcia, Philippe; Couratier, Philippe; Hardiman, Orla; McLaughlin, Russell; Gotkine, Marc; Drory, Vivian; Silani, Vincenzo; Ticozzi, Nicola; Veldink, Jan H.; van den Berg, Leonard H.; de Carvalho, Mamede; Pinto, Susana; Mora Pardina, Jesus S.; Povedano Panades, Mónica; Andersen, Peter M.; Weber, Markus; Shaw, Christopher E.; Shaw, Pamela J.; Morrison, Karen E.; Landers, John E.; Glass, Jonathan D.; Vourc’h, Patrick; Dobson, Richard J. B.; Breen, Gerome; Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Jones, Ashley R.; Iacoangeli, Alfredo, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), School of Medicine, Başak, Ayşe Nazlı (ORCID 0000-0001-9257-3540 & YÖK ID 1512), Adey, Brett N.; Cooper-Knock, Johnathan; Al Khleifat, Ahmad; Fogh, Isabella; van Damme, Philip; Corcia, Philippe; Couratier, Philippe; Hardiman, Orla; McLaughlin, Russell; Gotkine, Marc; Drory, Vivian; Silani, Vincenzo; Ticozzi, Nicola; Veldink, Jan H.; van den Berg, Leonard H.; de Carvalho, Mamede; Pinto, Susana; Mora Pardina, Jesus S.; Povedano Panades, Mónica; Andersen, Peter M.; Weber, Markus; Shaw, Christopher E.; Shaw, Pamela J.; Morrison, Karen E.; Landers, John E.; Glass, Jonathan D.; Vourc’h, Patrick; Dobson, Richard J. B.; Breen, Gerome; Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Jones, Ashley R.; Iacoangeli, Alfredo, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM), and School of Medicine
- Abstract
Introduction: Caveolin-1 and Caveolin-2 (CAV1 and CAV2) are proteins associated with intercellular neurotrophic signalling. There is converging evidence that CAV1 and CAV2 (CAV1/2) genes have a role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Disease-associated variants have been identified within CAV1/2 enhancers, which reduce gene expression and lead to disruption of membrane lipid rafts. Methods: using large ALS whole-genome sequencing and post-mortem RNA sequencing datasets (5,987 and 365 tissue samples, respectively), and iPSC-derived motor neurons from 55 individuals, we investigated the role of CAV1/2 expression and enhancer variants in the ALS phenotype. Results: we report a differential expression analysis between ALS cases and controls for CAV1 and CAV2 genes across various post-mortem brain tissues and three independent datasets. CAV1 and CAV2 expression was consistently higher in ALS patients compared to controls, with significant results across the primary motor cortex, lateral motor cortex, and cerebellum. We also identify increased survival among carriers of CAV1/2 enhancer mutations compared to non-carriers within Project MinE and slower progression as measured by the ALSFRS. Carriers showed a median increase in survival of 345 days. Discussion: these results add to an increasing body of evidence linking CAV1 and CAV2 genes to ALS. We propose that carriers of CAV1/2 enhancer mutations may be conceptualised as an ALS subtype who present a less severe ALS phenotype with a longer survival duration and slower progression. Upregulation of CAV1/2 genes in ALS cases may indicate a causal pathway or a compensatory mechanism. Given prior research supporting the beneficial role of CAV1/2 expression in ALS patients, we consider a compensatory mechanism to better fit the available evidence, although further investigation into the biological pathways associated with CAV1/2 is needed to support this conclusion., We would like to acknowledge funding from the following funders: UK Research and Innovation; Medical Research Council; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust; MND Scotland; Motor Neurone Disease Association; National Institute for Health Research; Spastic Paraplegia Foundation; Rosetrees Trust; Darby Rimmer MND Foundation. Funding for open access charge: UKRI. BA acknowledges funding from an NIHR pre-doctoral fellowship (NIHR301067). AI is funded by the Motor Neurone Disease Association and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. JC-K is supported by a Wellcome Trust fellowship (216596/Z/19/Z). AAK is funded by ALS Association Milton Safenowitz Research Fellowship (grant number 22-PDF-609. DOI: 10.52546/pc.gr.150909.), The Motor Neurone Disease Association (MNDA) Fellowship (AAK/Oct21/975-799), The Darby Rimmer Foundation, and The NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre. This is an EU Joint Programme-Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) project. The project is supported through the following funding organizations under the aegis of JPND: http://www.neurodegenerationresearch.eu/ [United Kingdom, Medical Research Council MR/L501529/1 to AA-C, principal investigator (PI) and MR/R024804/1 to AA-C, PI; Economic and Social Research Council ES/L008238/1 to AA-C (co-PI)] and through the Motor Neurone Disease Association. This study represents independent research partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London. The work leading up to this publication was funded by the European Community’s Horizon 2020 Programme (H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage; grant 633413). We acknowledge use of the research computing facility at King’s College London, Rosalind ( https://rosalind.kcl.ac.uk ), which is delivered in partnership with the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centres at South London and Maudsley and Guy’s and St.
- Published
- 2023
3. Ecological plasticity governs ecosystem services in multilayer networks
- Author
-
Guy Woodward, Orla McLaughlin, Sandrine Petit, David A. Bohan, Clare Gray, Athen Ma, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
- Subjects
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Gastropoda ,Biodiversity ,PREY ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,01 natural sciences ,Predation ,Ecosystem services ,ROBUSTNESS ,Biology (General) ,MODIFIED HERBICIDE-TOLERANT ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Trophic level ,FARM-SCALE EVALUATIONS ,2. Zero hunger ,Ecology ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,COMMUNITY ,Coleoptera ,Seeds ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,FOOD-WEB ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,QH301-705.5 ,Weed Control ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,WEED SEED CONSUMPTION ,03 medical and health sciences ,MANAGEMENT ,Animals ,Ecosystem ,Herbivory ,Pest Control, Biological ,Agroecology ,CROPS ,Herbivore ,Science & Technology ,15. Life on land ,United Kingdom ,Ecological network ,030104 developmental biology ,Predatory Behavior ,GENERALIST PREDATORS ,Ecological networks ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
Agriculture is under pressure to achieve sustainable development goals for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Services in agro-ecosystems are typically driven by key species, and changes in the community composition and species abundance can have multifaceted effects. Assessment of individual services overlooks co-variance between different, but related, services coupled by a common group of species. This partial view ignores how effects propagate through an ecosystem. We conduct an analysis of 374 agricultural multilayer networks of two related services of weed seed regulation and gastropod mollusc predation delivered by carabid beetles. We found that weed seed regulation increased with the herbivore predation interaction frequency, computed from the network of trophic links between carabids and weed seeds in the herbivore layer. Weed seed regulation and herbivore interaction frequencies declined as the interaction frequencies between carabids and molluscs in the carnivore layer increased. This suggests that carabids can switch to gastropod predation with community change, and that link turnover rewires the herbivore and carnivore network layers affecting seed regulation. Our study reveals that ecosystem services are governed by ecological plasticity in structurally complex, multi-layer networks. Sustainable management therefore needs to go beyond the autecological approaches to ecosystem services that predominate, particularly in agriculture., Clare Gray et al. construct multilayer networks of weed seed regulation and pest gastropod predation by carabid beetles in 374 agricultural fields and show that these ecosystem services are mediated by trophic interaction frequencies. This study reveals that ecosystem services are governed by ecological plasticity in structurally complex, multi-layer trophic networks and these could assist in the assessment of the contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem services.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Predator traits determine food-web architecture across ecosystems
- Author
-
Ulrich Brose, Shaopeng Wang, David Ott, Evie A. Wieters, Muriel M. MacPherson, Johanna Häussler, Daniel M. Perkins, Katarina E. Fussmann, Esra H. Sohlström, Orla McLaughlin, Phillippe Archambault, Ivan Pokrovsky, Ross M. Thompson, Erminia Conti, Neo D. Martinez, Andrew D. Barnes, Björn C. Rall, Sonia Kéfi, Malte Jochum, Benoit Gauzens, Catarina Vinagre, Myriam R. Hirt, Denise A. Piechnik, Ana C. F. Silva, Christoph Digel, Pierre Legagneux, Murray S. A. Thompson, João Canning-Clode, Yuanheng Li, Ellen Latz, Fanny Vermandele, Clare Gray, Benjamin Rosenbaum, Eoin J. O'Gorman, Carolina Madeira, Natalia Sokolova, Awantha Dissanayake, Sergio A. Navarrete, Augusto A. V. Flores, Katrin Layer-Dobra, José Realino de Paula, Ute Jacob, Marta Dias, Alison C. Iles, Jori M. Wefer, Christian Mulder, Louis-Félix Bersier, Vanessa Mendonça, Guy Woodward, Thomas Boy, Richard J. Williams, Remo Ryser, David Raffaelli, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), School of Biological Sciences [Brisbane], University of Queensland [Brisbane], Unit of Ecology and Evolution, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Smithonian Environmental Research Center, Research Center, Dep. Quimica (CFMC-UL), Instituto Technologico e Nucléar, Plymouth University, Department of Biology, Institute for Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Centre de Recherche et d'Appui pour la Formation et ses Technologies (CRAFT), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Minho [Braga], Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,ECOLOGIA MARINHA ,Food Chain ,Ecology (disciplines) ,Biodiversity ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,DIMENSIONALITY ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Predation ,Animals ,Body Size ,Ecosystem ,Predator ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,SCALE ,PREY BODY-SIZE ,Evolutionary Biology ,Science & Technology ,Ecology ,STABILITY ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,CONSTRAINTS ,15. Life on land ,Food web ,Predatory Behavior ,Vertebrates ,Terrestrial ecosystem ,BIODIVERSITY ,Allometry ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Abstract
International audience; Predator-prey interactions in natural ecosystems generate complex food webs that have a simple universal body-size architecture where predators are systematically larger than their prey. Food-web theory shows that the highest predator-prey body-mass ratios found in natural food webs may be especially important as they create weak interactions with slow dynamics that stabilize communities against perturbations and maintain ecosystem functioning. Identifying these vital interactions in real communities typically requires arduous identification of interactions in complex food webs. Here, we overcome this obstacle by developing predator-trait models to predict average body-mass ratios based on a database comprising 290 food webs from freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems across all continents. We analyzed how species traits constrain body-size architecture by changing the slope of the predator-prey body-mass scaling. Across ecosystems, we found high body-mass ratios for predator groups with specific trait combinations including (1) small vertebrates and (2) large swimming or flying predators. Including the metabolic and movement types of predators increased the accuracy of predicting which species are engaged in high body-mass ratio interactions. We demonstrate that species traits explain striking patterns in the body-size architecture of natural food webs that underpin the stability and functioning of ecosystems, paving the way for community-level management of the most complex natural ecosystems.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Interactions between conservation agricultural practice and landscape composition promote weed seed predation by invertebrates
- Author
-
Orla McLaughlin, David A. Bohan, Sandrine Petit, Luc Biju-Duval, Aude Trichard, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service Régional de l'Alimentation, Direction Régionale de l'Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et de la Forêt de la Bourgogne (DRAAF Bourgogne), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), and Direction Régionale de l'Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et de la Forêt de la Bourgogne ( DRAAF Bourgogne )
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,agroecology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Context (language use) ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Grassland ,Ecosystem services ,Abundance (ecology) ,granivory ,2. Zero hunger ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Ecology ,business.industry ,Agroforestry ,landscape composition ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,weed regulation ,Geography ,conservation agriculture ,Agriculture ,Seed predation ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Arable land ,business ,Weed ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
SPEGESTADCT3EACT4SUPDAT INRA; Assuring future crop yields whilst minimising impacts of agriculture on the environment requires that we adopt managements that replace pesticides by fostering pest regulation. However, large-scale empirical evidence for in-field and landscape properties supporting natural enemy abundance and their regulation of pests, as an ecosystem service in agriculture, is scarce. Using data from 67 arable fields, we examined whether the duration of adoption of in-field conservation agricultural practices (CA) and the landscape context of those arable fields explains the levels of in-field weed seed predation. Our results indicate that landscape and CA, in interaction, do indeed explain a large proportion of the observed variation in weed seed predation in-field. CA practice maintains high in-field abundances of carabids, but only after a period of four years of adoption. Prior to this, carabid abundance was only high for fields in landscapes with high percentage cover of arable crops and/or permanent grassland. Our work shows that the effect of landscape composition is conditional on local in-field management and that both local and landscape scales can be used to enhance the abundance of carabid beetles and the amount of seed predation in arable fields.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Comparison of Plumages of White-Throated DipperCinclus cinclusand BlackbirdTurdus merula
- Author
-
John Davenport, Orla McLaughlin, Pat Smiddy, Fiona Hannah, and John O'Halloran
- Subjects
White-throated dipper ,biology ,Plumage ,Ecology ,Dipper ,Feather ,visual_art ,Cinclus cinclus ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Animal Science and Zoology ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
This study compares the plumage of a single Eurasian White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus with that of three Common (European) Blackbirds Turdus merula (all road casualties). As expected, the Dipper had far more down and contour feathers (3,322) than the Blackbirds (mean 1,704), with Dipper down and contour feathers being significantly shorter than those of Blackbirds. However, contrary to published information, the plumage of dippers is not exceptionally dense; the mean follicle density of the Dipper was 59.2 follicles cm-2, that of the Blackbirds 58.6–61.7 follicles cm-2. Instead, the enhanced insulation of diving Dippers stems from a) much more extensive plumage (the apterylae between feather tracts are fully feathered, whilst naked in Blackbirds), b) substantial down cover of head (absent in Blackbirds), c) extensive down cover of wings. Much of the higher number of feathers in the Dipper is made up of contour feathers rather than down/semiplume feathers (the ratio between Dipper contour an...
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The visualisation of ecological networks, and their use as a tool for engagement, advocacy and management
- Author
-
Piran C. L. White, Jonathan Silvertown, Colin Fontaine, David A. Bohan, Alireza Tamaddoni-Nezhad, Darren M. Evans, Michael J. O. Pocock, Romain Julliard, Orla McLaughlin, Martin Harvey, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, School of Biology, IE University, Sorbonne Universités (COMUE), Open University, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, University of Edinburgh, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Environment Department, and University of York [York, UK]
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Computer science ,Best practice ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,interaction ,Ecological systems theory ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ecosystem services ,public engagement ,visualisation ,citizen science ,Citizen science ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,Public engagement ,Competence (human resources) ,food web ,data visualisation ,Ecology ,15. Life on land ,Complex network ,Ecological network ,010601 ecology ,graph drawing ,13. Climate action ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,graphic - Abstract
SPE GESTAD; International audience; Ecological systems comprise of individuals and species interacting with each other and their environment, and these interactions combine to form complex networks. The maintenance of biodiversity and many ecosystem functions depend upon these ecological interactions. Humans, their crops and livestock can also be considered as part of these networks of interactions making network analysis valuable for considering the resilience of ecosystem services, i.e., the benefits we gain from nature. Networks are visually appealing and visualisation can attract attention and inform, both to communicate overall messages and provide comparisons between networks. There are many different approaches and layouts for visualising networks, but there is little research to help guide best practice. Ultimately though, best practice should be to ensure that messages are supported by evidence and clearly communicated with reference to the competence of the audience. Given the appeal of visualisations and the importance of networks in communicating the interdependence of species (including humans), ecological networks and their visualisation can be used to support excellent public engagement and can be used to enhance the value of citizen science, in which people actively contribute to scientific research. Network approaches could also be valuable for engagement with decision-makers and stakeholders, including their application to complex socio-economic systems, especially where co-production of network visualisations could provide evidence-based overviews of data. In summary, ecological networks and their visualisation are an important tool for scientific inquiry, communication and engagement with even greater potential than has currently been realised.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 10 Years Later
- Author
-
François Massol, Michael J. O. Pocock, Elena M. Bennett, Heikki Setälä, Nico Eisenhauer, Stephen A. Wood, Jean Paul Hettelingh, J. Arie Vonk, Dave Raffaelli, Graciela M. Rusch, Christoph Scherber, Corinne Vacher, Erik Jeppesen, Orla McLaughlin, Colin Fontaine, William J. Sutherland, Guy Woodward, Michael Bonkowski, Giorgio Mancinelli, Isabelle Durance, Sébastien Ibanez, Alison J. Haughton, Stephen R. Carpenter, Nathalie Pettorelli, Winfried Voigt, Jennifer Adams Krumins, Rachel M. Chalmers, Jes J. Rasmussen, Wolfgang Cramer, Christian Mulder, David A. Bohan, Shahid Naeem, Unai Pascual, Athen Ma, Josep Peñuelas, and Jes Hines
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Service (systems architecture) ,Ecology ,Ecology (disciplines) ,Millennium Ecosystem Assessment ,Context (language use) ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ecological network ,Ecosystem services ,010601 ecology ,13. Climate action ,Sustainability ,Mainstream - Abstract
The study of ecological services (ESs) is fast becoming a cornerstone of mainstream ecology, largely because they provide a useful means of linking functioning to societal benefits in complex systems by connecting different organizational levels. In order to identify the main challenges facing current and future ES research, we analyzed the effects of the publication of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA, 2005) on different disciplines. Within a set of topics framed around concepts embedded within the MEA, each co-author identified five key research challenges and, where feasible, suggested possible solutions. Concepts included those related to specific service types (i.e. provisioning, supporting, regulating, cultural, aesthetic services) as well as more synthetic issues spanning the natural and social sciences, which often linked a wide range of disciplines, as was the case for the application of network theory. By merging similar responses, and removing some of the narrower suggestions from our sample pool, we distilled the key challenges into a smaller subset. We review some of the historical context to the MEA and identify some of the broader scientific and philosophical issues that still permeate discourse in this field. Finally, we consider where the greatest advances are most likely to be made in the next decade and beyond.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. E-health for individualized prevention of eating disorders
- Author
-
Stephanie Bauer, Joanna Harney, Markus Moessner, Katajun Lindenberg, and Orla McLaughlin
- Subjects
Register (sociolinguistics) ,Medical education ,medicine.medical_specialty ,E-health ,Epidemiology ,Alternative medicine ,medicine.disease ,Article ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Eating disorders ,prevention ,medicine ,Psychiatry ,Psychology - Abstract
In the field of illness prevention, it is becoming increasingly important that effective treatments be broadly disseminated and easily accessible to large populations located over wide geographical areas. The internet offers many opportunities to improve illness prevention and has become an important tool for both providers and users. An increasing number of users are looking for help on web-pages, in forums and chat rooms, to access information and exchange experiences with other users or counselors. Appetite for Life is an Internet-based program for the prevention of eating disorders (ED) in college students. It provides individualized support to students at-risk of developing an ED. Depending on initial screening results, specific program modules are recommended to the user, matching their individual needs. The program contains a web-page with psychoeducational information on ED, an anonymous forum to receive and provide peer support, a supportive monitoring and feedback program and a chat platform, which can be used to communicate with professional counselors and other users. If needed, users can be referred to face-to-face counseling. In this paper we report experience in practical use of the program at the Trinity College Dublin. Participants could anonymously register and individually choose the length of participation in the prevention program. Two months after registration and at the time of deregistration, participants were asked to evaluate the program. Data of Nscreened=457 and Nregistered=100 students are presented. Experiences with the program indicate that support can be matched to individual requirements by providing Internet-delivered stepped-care modules that encourage the user to seek support according to their personal preferences and needs.
- Published
- 2010
10. Volet 'écosystèmes agricoles' de l’Evaluation Française des Ecosystèmes et des Services Ecosystémiques
- Author
-
Olivier Therond, Muriel Tichit, Anaïs Tibi, Francesco Accatino, Luc Biju-Duval, Christian Bockstaller, David Bohan, Thierry Bonaudo, Maryline Boval, Eric Cahuzac, Eric Casellas, Bruno Chauvel, Philippe Choler, Julie Constantin, Isabelle Cousin, Joël Daroussin, Maia David, Philippe Delacote, Stéphane Derocles, Laetitia de Sousa, Joao Pedro Domingues, Camille Dross, Michel Duru, Maguy Eugène, Fontaine, C., Garcia B, Geijzendorffer, Ilse R., Annette Girardin, Anne-Isabelle Graux, Magali Jouven, Barbara Langlois, Christine Le Bas, Yves Le Bissonnais, Virginie Lelievre, Robert Lifran, Elise Maigne, Guillaume Martin, Märtin, R., Fabrice Martin-Laurent, Vincent Martinet, Orla Mclaughlin, Anne Meillet, Catherine Mignolet, Mouchet, M., Marie-Odile Nozieres-Petit, Ostermann, O. P., Maria Luisa Paracchini, Sylvain Pellerin, Jean-Louis Peyraud, Sandrine Petit Michaut, Calypso Picaud, Sylvain Plantureux, Thomas Poméon, Emmanuelle Porcher, Thomas Puech, Laurence Puillet, Tina Rambonilaza, Helene Raynal, Rémi Resmond, Dominique Ripoche, Francoise Ruget, Bénédicte Rulleau, Rush, A., Jean-Michel Salles, Daniel Sauvant, Céline Schott, Léa Tardieu, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Délégation à l'Expertise scientifique collective, à la Prospective et aux Etudes (UAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, AgroParisTech, Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), Observatoire des Programmes Communautaires de Développement Rural (US ODR), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Université Grenoble Alpes (COMUE) (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Economie Publique (ECO-PUB), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), InfoSol (InfoSol), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département Environnement et Agronomie (DEPT EA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Services rendus par les écosystèmes, INRA, Commanditaire : Ministère de l'Environnement (France), Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Type de commanditaire ou d'auteur de la saisine : Ministères, parlements et les structures qui leur sont directement rattachées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de Science du Sol (Orléans) (URSols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Auteur indépendant, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville] (JRC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)
- Subjects
territoire ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,Écosystème agricole ,écosystème agricole ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,[MATH]Mathematics [math] ,élevage ,services écosystémique ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
L’ambition de l’étude Inra "EFESE-EA" est de décrire les mécanismes et déterminants de la fourniture des services écosystémiques par les écosystèmes agricoles sur la base d'une revue des connaissances existantes, et de procéder à leur évaluation à l’échelle nationale sur la base d’indicateurs définis dans le cadre de l’étude. L’organisation du travail, telle que prévue en début d’étude, se voulait séquentielle : (1) identification et spécification biophysiques d’une liste de biens agricoles et services écosystémiques ; (2) évaluation biophysique : quantification du niveau de fourniture des biens et services identifiés à l’étape (1) (3) évaluation économique : quantification de la valeur économique des services (le plus souvent dans une unité monétaire) Dans le temps imparti à l’étude, le collectif d’experts a donné la priorité aux volets biophysiques (1) et (2) afin : - d’instruire de façon robuste la conceptualisation des biens et services (volet 1) : ce travail constitue un front de recherche actuel, associé à une littérature académique abondante mais parfois non stabilisée, que le collectif d’experts s’est attaché à analyser de façon à proposer des choix de conceptualisation argumentés ; - de pousser au maximum l’exercice d’évaluation biophysique (volet 2) dans le cadre de la demande initiale formulée par le MEEM : cartographier la production d’un large panel de biens agricoles et les SE rendus par les écosystèmes agricoles à la résolution spatiale la plus fine possible, et à l’échelle France entière. A noter que le présent exercice ne constituant pas un projet de recherche mais bien une étude institutionnelle Inra (au sens des procédures DEPE), l’ensemble des évaluations développées dans le présent rapport est réalisée à partir de données existantes, aucun travail d’expérimentation visant à acquérir de nouvelles données de terrain n’ayant été conduit. Il résulte de ce choix de priorisation que : - le volet d’évaluation économique (3) est initié pour quelques SE mais peu développé en comparaison des volets (1) et (2) ; - tout en veillant à élaborer des méthodologies d’évaluation biophysiques traçables et robustes, les experts ont pris le parti de proposer des méthodologies plus exploratoires pour quelques SE pour lesquels les données actuelles ne permettent pas d’évaluer directement le niveau de fourniture à l’échelle France entière : dans ces cas particuliers (signalés explicitement dans les sections du rapport dont ils font l’objet), les méthodologies ont été mises en œuvre jusqu’à la réalisation des cartographies dans le but de donner à voir le potentiel qu’offrent ces méthodologies et la nature des résultats qu’elles peuvent produire sous condition de leur validation France entière, plutôt que dans le but d’interpréter pour eux-mêmes les résultats obtenus. Les experts se sont alors particulièrement attachés à relativiser les résultats quantitatifs ainsi produits, et à accompagner les cartographies d’un descriptif détaillé des protocoles de validation qu’il faudrait mettre en œuvre dans les suites de l’étude pour stabiliser et valider ces méthodologies exploratoires. Ce parti pris du groupe de travail EFESE-écosystèmes agricoles est compatible avec l’objectif poursuivi dans le programme EFESE, qui se donne pour objectif de produire un guide méthodologique pour l’évaluation des biens et SE en en pointant les limites, difficultés, précautions et améliorations possibles associées à chacune des pistes avancées.
Catalog
Books, media, physical & digital resources
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.