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Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarında cinsiyet, kıdem ve branş değişkenlerinin etki düzeyini ortaya koymaktır. Yöntem: Konu ile ilgili YÖK Tez Merkezi, ProQuest, EBSCOhost ve Google Akademik, Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi (Türkiye Akademik Arşivi, Ulusal Toplu Katalog, Dergi Park Akademik) veri tabanları taranarak dahil edilme ölçütlerine uygun cinsiyet değişkeni için 83, kıdem değişkeni için 55 ve branş değişkeni için 28 çalışma meta analiz kapsamına dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmaya dahil edilen çalışmaların örneklem büyüklükleri, cinsiyet değişkenine göre 29058, kıdem değişkenine göre 19597 ve branş değişkenine göre 11194 öğretmendir. Verilerin analizinde Comprehensive Meta Analysis Ver. 2.2.064 (CMA) programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda tüm değişkenler için araştırmaya dâhil edilen bireysel çalışmalarda yayın yanlılığı bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Rastgele etkiler modeline göre yapılan analiz sonucunda; öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algıları üzerinde cinsiyet değişkeninin genel etki büyüklüğünün (d=0.00), kıdem değişkeninin genel etki büyüklüğünün (d= -0.07) ve branş değişkeninin etki büyüklüğünün (d=-0.06) zayıf ve önemsiz düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm değişkenleri için yapılan moderatör analizleri sonucunda da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmayan sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgular genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde öğretmenlerin cinsiyet, kıdem ve branş gibi özelliklerinin örgütsel sessizlik algısı üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı ya da çok zayıf düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma bulguları üzerinde araştırma karakteristik özelliklerinin etkisi incelendiğinde; kademe türünün, yayın türünün, okul türünün, öğretmen branşının, araştırmanın yapıldığı bölgenin ve araştırmacı cinsiyetinin moderatör etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Özgünlük: Öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarında cinsiyet, kıdem ve branşlarının etkisini bütüncül bir yaklaşımla meta-analiz yöntemi ile bir araya getirmesi bağlamında özgün bir çalışmadır.

According to scientists, the dog was domesticated in Asia and spread to other parts of the world from this continent. Turks are also from Central Asia. It is believed that the homeland of the Turkish Akbash Shepherd Dog is Central Asia. The Turks may have taken these white-skinned shepherd dogs to other parts of Europe as well. It is also believed that the Hungarians came from the Hun Turks, one of the ancient Turkish tribes. When the ancestors of the Hungarians came to this region, they may have brought white-skinned dogs, which are now called Kuvasz Dogs. Hungary, Slovakia and Southern Poland are in the same basin and dogs called Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra are bred in the countries of this basin, respectively. Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra were brought by the Hun Turks and may be dogs of the same origin. This paper claims “All white-skinned shepherd dogs are descended from the Central Asian Shepherd Dog, which was taken by the Turks from Central Asia to other countries.” If this hypothesis can be proven as a result of genetic analysis, the results of this research will not only serve animal science, but also anthropology for humanity.

The transition of people from the nomadic life to the settled social life from the past to the present has also affected and further developed the relations of people in the settled life with animals. As people move from individual life to social life, they also experience some social and economic changes. These changes often affect behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Social changes have brought with them urban and rural differences. Along with this change, people’s perspectives on animals also changed over time, they domesticated some species defined as wild or wild animals and started to keep them as pets in their farms or homes. People benefit from various yields of animals such as offspring, meat, milk, eggs, wool, horns, nails, work, protection, life partner, guidance service. Although there are many reasons for this, the most important reason is the Covid-19 pandemic. It is clearly seen that animals provide economic, social and spiritual support to humans in this difficult period.

In this study, it is aimed to analyze the positive effects of pets on the market economy and people. The COVID-19 pandemic started with the virus outbreak that emerged in Wuhan City, the capital of Hubei Province of China, on December 1, 2019 [1], and the first case in our country was announced by the Ministry of Health on March 11, 2020. With the rapid spread of the epidemic in the world, closures in countries, travel restrictions, working from home and the introduction of the online education system, the rate of spending more time with pets, known as people's loyal friends, and the rate of adopting new animals have begun to increase. In this process, it has been seen that people are more interested in their animals and they are more sensitive in meeting their needs. It has been observed that they do not hesitate to allocate a significant part of their budgets in many subjects such as animal nutrition and veterinary care services, consumption expenditures such as pad shop products and purchasing new animals have increased, and this market has been dynamic. It is known that having a pet is good for blood pressure, greatly reduces the feeling of loneliness and depression in people, and always keeps their hopes warm. It can be said that taking care of furry friends after a long day helps people feel more optimistic and spending time with their pets helps them cope with stress, helps animals increase social relationships, and develops empathy, social skills, mutual love and sense of responsibility in children. It can be said that spending time with their pets is good for people's mood, and they even prefer their animals over other people in quarantine, and they gain social status. The trend of online shopping for pets also seems to become permanent. Pets are now more important than ever in our lives. The pandemic may ease in the near future, but the closeness of our pets will be permanent. It is seen that the tendency towards the adoption of pets and meeting their needs such as care and nutrition is increasing day by day. While various needs come to the fore in this trend, it is important to determine the economic role of consumption of these needs and their relationship with the reasons.

Among the dominant study topics in the fields architecture and design, housing spaces have recently become the major subject among various study fields such as investment, economy, and this has not only undergone a stylistic change but also a notional transformation by being placed on an interdisciplinary spot. Having started with the adventure of belonging to a place, although this adventure has been matched with special concepts such as privacy, belonging, and special space, it has evolved into objects designed and introduced independent of the user during this process. When this subject transformation is considered in the historical process of Turkey, it is clearly seen during and after the changes experienced in political and economic policies of 1980s. It would be true to state that the major objective of approaches that view everything as objects is creating a society of consumerism. The media have provided the biggest support in adapting the society to consumption.. In this context, how the media have played a role in introducing houses as objects of consumption over time has been mentioned. This study investigates this subject focusing on consumption and media in parallel to the changes experienced in a multifaceted context by getting beyond the interpretation of the transformation of housing spaces solely through an architectural perspective., Mimarlık ve tasarım alanının başat çalışma konularından olan barınma mekanları, günümüzde yatırım, ekonomi gibi farklı çalışma alanlarının da birincil konusu haline gelmiş, disiplinler arası bir yerde konumlanarak salt biçimsel değişime uğramamış aynı zamanda anlamsal dönüşüm yaşamıştır. Bir yere ait olma mücadelesi ile başlayan bu serüven zamanla mahremiyet, aidiyet, özel alan gibi kavramlar ile eşleşmesine karşın süreç içerisinde kullanıcısından bağımsız olarak tasarlanan ve sunulan nesnelere evrilmiştir. Söz konusu dönüşüm, Türkiye’nin tarihsel sürecinde ele alındığında, 1980’lerin siyasi ve ekonomik politikalarında yaşanan değişimler ve sonrasında açıkça görülmektedir. Her şeyin nesne olarak görülmesini esas alan yaklaşımların temel amacının tüketim toplumu yaratmak olduğunu söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Topluma tüketimi adapte etmekteki en büyük destek ise medya olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, konutun zamanla bir tüketim nesnesi olarak sunulmasında medyanın nasıl rol oynadığına değinilmiştir. Araştırma, pek çok farklı disiplinde kendisine yer bulan barınma mekanlarının dönüşümü sadece mimari bir perspektiften yorumlamaktan öteye geçerek, çok yönlü yaşanan değişimlere paralel olarak tüketim ve medya odağında ele alınmıştır.

This study was carried out to evaluate compositions of milk from Hair goat and Saanen x Hair goat crossbreed (F1) under semi-intensive conditions. The research was conducted on 20 Hair goats and 20 Saanen x Hair goat crossbreed (F1) at Farm for Research and Application of Van Yuzuncu Yil University in Turkey. All the experimental goats were 3 years old and were raised under semi-intensive conditions. In the current study, the average fat, non-fat solid, protein, lactose, total solids, lactic acid, pH values of Hair and crossbreed goat milks were 3.98%, 3.80%; 9.54%, 9.24%; 3.59%, 3.48%; 5.24%, 5.08%; 13.51%, 13.04%; 0.24%, 0.25%; 6.62, 6.64, respectively. Lactation stage had a significant influence (P

It is explained that the immorality of the world and the world, and the superiority of turning away from the world, and even a great virtue and virtue, are explained in the majority of moral books, especially in the Islamic world. The story, which is made up of the virtue and virtue in the works, mentioned by the concept of zuhd in the mentioned works, is expressed with verses and hadiths besides gentle and humorous, as well as gentle. The main goal in the writing of these works is to bring the Muslim society to moral maturity and make it happy in the world and the hereafter. In the third century, which started in the second century, Hijri al-Muhâsibi (d. 243/857), Zunnun el-Misri (d. 245/859), Ma'ruf el-Kerhi (d. 200/815), Seri es- Sakati (d. 251/865), Bisr el-Hâfi (d. 227/841), Baayezid-i Bestâmi (d. 234/848) and Cuneyd Bagdadi (d. 297/909), matured in the hands of the famous Sufis and in the following centuries. The tradition of praising the life of zuhd in the sense of turning away from the world, which was carried to the top with great Sufi and scholars such as 505/1111) continues today. When we look at the subject through the circumcision, which is the practice of the verses, it is understood that it is not suitable for Sunnah to turn a face to life from the world and that it will not be happy in the world and the hereafter. Because, according to the history, siyer and magazines books about the life of the Messenger of Allah, the Messenger of Allah, who most of the people claim to take as an example, warned his fellows who wanted to live a zuhd life by not pulling a hand-skirt from the world and saying that it is not me who turned away from my sunnah. This article focuses on the concept of the zuhd, which means leaving the world and being only engaged in worship, killing its nafs and being aunt of all desires and desires. The place of the Zuhd lifestyle in Islamic thought and whether it is suitable for Islamic teachings taken from the Sunnah is discussed.

This field study was conducted in face-to-face survey with 60 farm owners, having wrestling camels in Anatolia. According to the results, the average age for breeders, number of camels, duration of camel rearing and participation in camel wrestling were found to be 49.4±2.0 years, 2.5±0.6 head/farm, 18.9±1.9 years and 14.2±1.1 times/year, respectively. The total number of camels in these farms is 147 heads. The average land availability in the farm was determined as 74.0±12.7 decares. In the study, no statistically significant difference was found between the demographic features of breeders, place of residence, age, farm type and membership to breeder organizations, but significant differences were found between marriage status (p, Bu saha çalışması Anadolu’da güreş devesi yetiştiren 60 işletme sahibi ile yüz yüze anket çalışması şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre deve yetiştiricilerinin ortalama yaşları, deve sayısı, deve yetiştirme süresi ve deve güreşlerine katılma süresi sırasıyla 49.4±2.0 yıl, 2.5±0.6 baş/işletme, 18.9±1.9 yıl ve 14.2±1.1 kez/yıl olarak bulunmuştur. Bu işletmelerdeki toplam deve sayısı 147 baş’dır. İşletmelerde ortalama arazi varlığı ise 74.0±12.7 dekar olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada yetiştiricilerinin demografik özelliklerinden ikamet, yaş, işletme tipi ve yetiştirici örgütlerine üyelik özellikleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmamasına karşın, medeni durum (p

Bu çalışmada, evlerimizin birer ferdi gibi yetiştirilen pet hayvanlarının mevcut durumu, beslenme şekilleri ve barınma şartları ile Alanya ve Mardin’deki pet hayvan sahiplerinin sosyo-demografik yapılarında ne gibi farklılıkların olduğunun tespit edilmesi ve pet hayvanı sahiplerinin pet hayvanı yetiştiriciliğine bakışlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma materyalini, Antalya ili Alanya ilçesinde ve Mardin ilinde yaşayan, yaşları 18-79 (ortalama 34.26) arasında değişen, pet kliniklerine gelen, rastgele belirlenmiş ve gönüllü olarak katılan, toplam 244 pet hayvan sahibi ile yüz yüze yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilen veriler oluşturmuştur. Bu verilere göre; katılımcıların %43.6’sı Alanya, %56.4’ü ise Mardin’de yaşamaktadır. Ankete katılan pet hayvan sahiplerinin Alanya ve Mardin de sırasıyla; %51.9 ve %56.5’i erkek olduğu, ayrıca Alanya’da %56.6’sı bekâr iken Mardin’de %59.4 evli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pet hayvanı sahiplerinin Alanya’da %29.2’si diğer meslek grubunda iken Mardin’de %39.1’i memur olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların pet hayvanını Alanya’da %29.2’lik aynı oranla sokak ve pet shoptan sahiplenir iken Mardin’de %37.7’si arkadaşından sahiplendiği belirlenmiştir. Tatilde pet hayvanını Alanya’da %36.8’i arkadaşına bırakır iken, Mardin’de %46.4’ünün yanında götürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, evlerimizin birer ferdi gibi yetiştirilen pet hayvanlarının durumu ve bulunduğu ortamlar farklı yerleşim yerlerinde benzer gibi görünse de, pet hayvan sahiplerinin sosyo-demografik yapılarında ve pet hayvanı yetiştiriciliğine bakışlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Soft continuum system-based robots which can interact with different environment are becoming a novel mechatronic system in varied fields. Many soft continuum robot can easily crawl, roll, steer, and climb. These innovatively designed systems are safe, effective and easy to control. In this study, two different soft continuum robotic prototypes are developed for locomotion in pipeline inspections. The motions of these soft robots were inspired from the locomotion behavior of the caterpillar. Unlike other types of soft robotic systems, the developed soft robots do not rely on pneumatic or hydraulic actuators, but can be operated electrically using nickel-titanium (NiTi)-based shape memory alloy (SMA) springs. These soft robot systems are fabricated via casting process using silicone elastomers. The linear locomotion profile of the soft robots are investigated carefully. Prismatic and tubular forms are used for designing of the soft robots to move within the pipelines via actuation of the NiTi shape memory alloy springs. The soft body of the robot systems are made of RTV-2 grade silicone rubber due to its hyperelastic response. A thermo-mechanical training process is applied on the NiTi SMA springs for achieving the linear motion inside of the silicone-based body. A microprocessor is used for creating the locomotion sequence of the soft robotic system. The periodic optimal locomotion sequence of the soft robots is determined by means of experimental investigations.

Bu çalışmada, atmosferik basınçta sülfürik asit çözeltisinde Meta Nikel Şirketi’ den (Gördes - Manisa) elde edilen lateritik cevherinin çözünmesi için optimum koşulları belirlemek amacıyla Taguchi Fraksiyonel Tasarım Yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sıcaklık, liç süresi, katı-sıvı oranı, sülfürik asit konsantrasyonu ve karıştırma hızı parametreler olarak seçilmiştir. Karıştırma yapılmaksızın en uygun çözünme koşulları, 95 °C' lik bir sıcaklık, 150 dakikalık liç süresi, 20 g cevher/100 mL çözelti olan katı/sıvı oranı, % 65 (w/v) sülfürik asit konsantrasyonu olarak bulundu. Optimum özütleme koşulları altında yapılan deneysel sonuçlar, lateritik cevherden nikel ekstraksiyonunun yaklaşık % 90 olduğunu göstermiştir. Deney sonuçlarına varyans analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Her faktörün nikelin çözünmesine katkıları yüzde olarak belirlenmiştir.

Background and purpose We sought to understand why (-)-cannabidiol (CBD) and (-)-cannabidiol-dimethylheptyl (CBD-DMH) exhibit distinct pharmacology, despite near identical structures. Experimental approach HEK293A cells expressing either human type 1 cannabinoid (CB1 ) receptors or CB2 receptors were treated with CBD or CBD-DMH with or without the CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist CP55,940, CB1 receptor allosteric modulator Org27569 or CB2 receptor inverse agonist SR144528. Ligand binding, cAMP levels and βarrestin1 recruitment were measured. CBD and CBD-DMH binding was simulated with models of human CB1 or CB2 receptors, based on the recently published crystal structures of agonist-bound (5XRA) or antagonist-bound (5TGZ) human CB1 receptors. Key results At CB1 receptors, CBD was a negative allosteric modulator (NAM), and CBD-DMH was a mixed agonist/positive allosteric modulator. CBD and Org27569 shared multiple interacting residues in the antagonist-bound model of CB1 receptors (5TGZ) but shared a binding site with CP55,940 in the agonist-bound model of CB1 receptors (5XRA). The binding site for CBD-DMH in the CB1 receptor models overlapped with CP55,940 and Org27569. At CB2 receptors, CBD was a partial agonist, and CBD-DMH was a positive allosteric modulator of cAMP modulation but a NAM of βarrestin1 recruitment. CBD, CP55,940 and SR144528 shared a binding site in the CB2 receptor models that was separate from CBD-DMH. Conclusion and implications The pharmacological activity of CBD and CBD-DMH in HEK293A cells and their modelled binding sites at CB1 and CB2 receptors may explain their in vivo effects and illuminates the difficulties associated with the development of allosteric modulators for CB1 and CB2 receptors. Linked articles This article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc.

The use of clove oil (eugenol) as an anesthetic for Lake Van fish(Chalcalburnus tarichi), an endemic cyprinid fish species ofLake Van basin, was examined. Induction times were determined to be ≥35, 3, >4,>3, >4,>6 and >8 min clove oil can be considered as a suitable anesthetic for Chalcalburnus tarichi and an optimum anesthetic concentration of 50 mg/L is recommended.

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarında kıdemlerinin etki büyüklüğünü belirlemektir. Türkiye’de okulda öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarını konu alan yüksek lisans ve doktora tezi ile araştırma makalelerinden dâhil edilme kriterlerine uygun 33 çalışma ele alınmıştır. Çalışmalar kapsamındaki toplam örneklem sayısı 11.128 olup bunun 5.082’si kadın ve 6.046’sı erkek öğretmendir. Bu çalışmada, araştırma sonuçlarını sentezleme yöntemlerinden biri olan meta-analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda 10 yıl ve üstü kıdeme sahip öğretmenler lehine rastgele etkiler modeline göre (d=-0,08) göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı önemsiz düzeyde bir etki büyüklüğü belirlenmiştir. Yapılan moderatör analizi sonucunda yayın türüne (p=0,74), okul türüne (p=0,41), öğretim kademesine (p=0,53), araştırmanın yapıldığı bölgeye (p=0,33), öğretmenin unvanına (p=0,33) ve araştırmacının cinsiyetine (p=0,59) göre çalışmaların etki büyüklüklerinin farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretim kademesi açısından okulöncesi eğitim (d=-0,32) ve özel eğitim (d=0,10) kademesinde çalışan 10 yıl ve üstü kıdeme sahip öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algıları diğer kademede çalışan öğretmenlere göre daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Araştırmaların yapıldığı illerin yapıldığı bölgeler bağlamında Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesi (d=0,10) dışında yapılan araştırmaların sonuçları, 10 yıl ve üstü kıdeme sahip öğretmenlerin örgütsel sessizlik algılarının yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca araştırmalara ait etki büyüklükleri açısından yıllar itibariyle kıdem farklılığında 10 yıl ve üstü kıdeme sahip öğretmenler lehine eğilimin devam ettiği görülmektedir.

Objective: Breast pain is a very common condition among young women. The aim of this study is to provide supplementary and specific data especially in addition to available literature informa-tion about the ultrasonographic findings and breast cancer risk in women younger than 40 years who applied to the breast outpatient clinic with isolated mastalgia, and had no breast cancer risk factor.Method: Ultrasonograpic examination results of women between dates 01/01/2011 and 01/01/2015, and contribution of ultrasonography to diagnostic procedure of breast cancer were retrospectively evaluated.Results: A total of 1066 patients were included in the study. There were 555 (52%) women with focal and 511 (48%) women with diffuse mastalgia. US examination revealed only 7 suspicious cases, all of whom were over 30 years of age. Of women with suspicious masses, 6 had focal mastalgia, and invasive cancer was diagnosed in 3 of cases after core biopsy. In only one patient in the diffuse mastalgia group a suspect mass was detected which revealed to be a benign lesion on histopathological examination of core biopsy specimenConclusion: Careful clinical examination may be adequate especially in women younger than 30 years of age who have no breast cancer risk factor, and only diffuse mastalgia complaint. However, possibility of breast cancer should be considered in women older than 30 years even they have no breast cancer risk factor, and no complaint other than focal mastalgia. Amaç: Meme ağrısı genç kadınlar arasında çok yaygın bir durumdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, meme hastalıkları polikliniğine izole mastalji ile başvuran ve meme kanseri risk faktörü olmayan 40 yaşından küçük kadınlarda özellikle ultrasonografik bulgular ve meme kanseri riski hakkında mevcut literatür bilgilerinin yanı sıra ek ve spesifik veriler sağlamaktır.Yöntem: 01/01/2011 ve 01/01/2015 tarihleri arasında kadınların ultrasonografik inceleme sonuç-ları ve meme kanseri tanısında ultrasonografinin katkısı retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 1.066 hasta dâhil edildi. Fokal mastaljisi olan 555 (%52) kadın ve yaygın mastaljisi olan 511 (%48) kadın vardı. Ultrasonogafi muayenesinde, her biri 30 yaşın üze-rinde olan yalnızca 7 şüpheli olgu ortaya çıktı. Şüpheli kitleleri olan kadınların 6’sında fokal mas-talji vardı ve kor biyopsiden sonra 3 olguya invaziv kanser teşhisi konuldu. Yaygın mastalji grubun-da yalnızca 1 hastada şüpheli kitle vardı ve kor biyopside benign bir lezyon saptandı.Sonuç: Özellikle meme kanseri risk faktörü olmayan ve yalnızca yaygın mastalji yakınması olan 30 yaşından küçük kadınlarda dikkatli klinik muayene yeterli olabilir. Bununla birlikte, meme kanseri risk faktörü olmayan ve fokal mastalji dışında hiçbir şikayeti olmayan 30 yaşından büyük kadın-larda meme kanseri olasılığı göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

This paper reviews the current status of Turkish silkworm genetic resources and activities being undertaken for their conservation. Silk production and the trade in silk have been important activities in Turkey, which lies on the ancient Silk Road, for many hundreds of years. Current production of silk is on the rise after a period of very low production. Turkey has a well-established programme of conservation and development of all of its domestic animal genetic resources, of which silkworm is considered a constituent part. Three distinct lines of native silkworm have been registered with the national standards body, the Turkish Standards Institute. Distribution of silkworm germplasm is regulated by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock through Cooperative Unions which have more than 10,000 members. Renewed and increased international demand for natural and biological products is favourable to Turkey’s silkworm industry. The prognosis for the future development of silk production is strongly positive.

Located at the boundaries of Europe and Asia, Turkey is home to an extraordinary variety of domestic animal species and breeds that include bees, camels, cats, cattle, dogs, domestic fowl, donkeys, ducks, goats, geese, horses, mules, pigs, rabbits, sheep, silkworms, water buffalo and several species of domestic birds (partridge, pheasant, pigeon and ostrich). In addition to the clearly distinct Angora and Van cat breeds a short-haired nondescript cat breed is found throughout Turkey. As well as private household ownership, Angora cats have been raised at Ankara Zoo which has belonged to the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock since 1939. The Van cat is raised at the Van Cat Research Centre at Yuzuncu Yil University in Van Province which also has a small clinic for the cats. There is a risk of extinction for the Angora and Van breeds but none for the short-haired nondescript type. This paper reviews social aspects, the genetic resources and conservation status of the native cat breeds of Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the potentialeffect of non-genetic factors on certain production characteristics of Hairgoats raised under semi-intensive management and dry- sub humid conditions, andto investigate phenotypic correlations between these traits. A generalizedlinear model was used to investigate the effect of non-genetic factors ongestation length (GL), number of services per conception (NSPC), lactationlength (LL), lactation milk yield (LMY) and daily milk yield (DMY), while theChi-square method was used to evaluate other fertility parameters. Thepregnancy rate, birth rate and single-birth rate in the Traditional Group werehigher, while the infertility rate and NSPC were lower, than those in theArtificial Group (P, Bu çalışmanın amacı, yarıentansif ve kurak az nemli iklimkoşullarında yetiştirilen Kıl keçilerinin döl verimi ve süt verimi üzerinegenetik olmayan faktörlerin etkisini belirlemek ve bu faktörler arasındakifenotipik korelasyonu araştırmaktır. Gebelik süresi (GL), gebelik başına düşentohumlama sayısı (NSPC), laktasyon uzunluğu (LL), laskyason süt verimi (LMY) vegünlük süt verimi (DMY) üzerine genetik olmayan faktörlerindeğerlendirilmesinde Genear linear model, diğer döl verim parametrelerinindeğerlendirilmesinde ise Chi-square metodu kullanılmıştır. Tabii tohumlamayapılan gruptaki keçilerin gebelik oranı, doğu m oranı ve tek doğum oranı suni tohumlama uygulananlardan daha yüksekiken, NSPC sayısı daha düşüktür. Yaş arttıkça LL, LMY ve DMY artmış(P

We introduce a prototype testing framework as an extension of JUnit for testing actor-based systems. Our framework runs a given JUnit test in various schedules and records the execution trace for each run. In case a failure is observed during one of the test runs, the corresponding execution trace is compared with those traces associated with passed test runs. The sequence of exchanged messages that are different with respect to these runs are extracted. A UML sequence diagram is automatically generated to depict this sequence. Hence, the developer can observe the interleaving of messages that caused the failure. We illustrated the application of our framework on two sample actor-based software systems.

Body weight of dogs is crucial trait for breeding, racing and housekeeping. However, variables and factors that correctly estimate this trait are lacking. Here, we applied classification and regression tree (CART) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) approaches to estimate the most important variables in predicting the body weight of Turkish Tazi dogs. Using various body measurements, the CART algorithm proposed that withers height (WH), abdominal width (AW), rump height (RH) and chest depth (CD) can significant effect the body weight. Quantitatively, it was identified that values of WH > 62.500 cm and RH > 67.500 cm can positively correlated with the highest body weights. On the other hands, MARS model's finding showed that the dogs which had the values of WH > 51 cm can be expected to have the highest body weights. The calculated model evaluation criteria of CART algorithm was R2=0.6889, Adj. R2=0.6810, r=0.830, SD ratio=0.5549, RMSE=1.1802, RRMSE=6.3838 and p=3.4884, respectively, whereas the calculated model evaluation criteria of MARS method were R2=0.9193, Adj. R2=0.8983, r=0.9588, SD ratio=0.2840, RMSE=0.6041, RRMSE=3.2635 and rho=1.6661. Taken together, the MARS algorithm appeared to be efficient compared to CART algorithm since the MARS algorithm's goodness of-fit criteria yielded better results. Using MARS algorithm, the body weight of animals (dogs) can be predicted and exploited in different performances.

Arslan, Mikail (Balikesir Author), The study carried out at Dort Mevsim Meat Integrated Facility in Susurluk district, Balikesir province, Turkey. In each genotype, there were 20 male lambs. Suffolk and German Mutton Merino lambs were subjected to fattening for 70 days. At the end of the trial, 6 male lambs from each genotype were slaughtered. Slaughter weight, ADG, concentrate feed efficiency, hot carcass weight, chilling carcass weight, hot dressing percentage and chilling dressing percentage were 43.9 kg, 301 g, 3.44 kg, 23.18 kg, 22.24 kg, 52.80 % and 50.66 % in Suffolk lambs; these values were 43.1 kg, 296 g, 3.86 kg, 21.85 kg, 20.89 kg, 50.70 % and 48.47 % in German Mutton Merino lambs, respectively. Hot and chilling carcass weights of Suffolk and German Mutton Merino lambs were significantly different (P

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to understand why (−)‐cannabidiol (CBD) and (−)‐cannabidiol‐dimethylheptyl (CBD‐DMH) exhibit distinct pharmacology, despite near identical structures. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: HEK293A cells expressing either human type 1 cannabinoid (CB(1)) receptors or CB(2) receptors were treated with CBD or CBD‐DMH with or without the CB(1) and CB(2) receptor agonist CP55,940, CB(1) receptor allosteric modulator Org27569 or CB(2) receptor inverse agonist SR144528. Ligand binding, cAMP levels and βarrestin1 recruitment were measured. CBD and CBD‐DMH binding was simulated with models of human CB(1) or CB(2) receptors, based on the recently published crystal structures of agonist‐bound (5XRA) or antagonist‐bound (5TGZ) human CB(1) receptors. KEY RESULTS: At CB(1) receptors, CBD was a negative allosteric modulator (NAM), and CBD‐DMH was a mixed agonist/positive allosteric modulator. CBD and Org27569 shared multiple interacting residues in the antagonist‐bound model of CB(1) receptors (5TGZ) but shared a binding site with CP55,940 in the agonist‐bound model of CB(1) receptors (5XRA). The binding site for CBD‐DMH in the CB(1) receptor models overlapped with CP55,940 and Org27569. At CB(2) receptors, CBD was a partial agonist, and CBD‐DMH was a positive allosteric modulator of cAMP modulation but a NAM of βarrestin1 recruitment. CBD, CP55,940 and SR144528 shared a binding site in the CB(2) receptor models that was separate from CBD‐DMH. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: The pharmacological activity of CBD and CBD‐DMH in HEK293A cells and their modelled binding sites at CB(1) and CB(2) receptors may explain their in vivo effects and illuminates the difficulties associated with the development of allosteric modulators for CB(1) and CB(2) receptors. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on 8(th) European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc